RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH

rights-based approach( 2 )

Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters related to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes.

adapted from FWCW Platform 94, 97; ICPD 7.2

Sexual health means having a responsible, satisfying, and safe sex life, that is free from disease, injury, violence, disability, unnecessary pain, or risk of death.

expanded upon FWCW Platform 94; ICPD 7.2

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Sexual and reproductive health

rights-based approach( 3 )

Reproductive rights include the rights of couples and individuals to:

Make free and informed decisions about their reproductive lives, including the number, timing, and spacing of their

children

Attain the highest standard of sexual and reproductive health

Sexual rights include the rights of all individuals to:

Make free and informed decisions on all matters relating to their sexuality

Be free of discrimination, coercion, or violence in their sexual lives and decisions

Expect and demand equality, full consent, mutual respect, and shared responsibility in sexual relationships

adapted from the ICPD, ICPD+5 and FWCW documents

Reproductive and sexual rights

rights-based approach( 4 )

Gender, gender equality,and gender equity

Gender

socially defined roles and responsibilitiesof men and women, boys and girls

Gender equality

equal treatment of women and men

Gender equity

fairness and justice in the distribution of benefits and responsibilities between women and men

Women’s health is directly related to their status in society.

rights-based approach( 5 )

A rights-based approach to sexual and reproductive health

The International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) affirmed that:

Women and men have the right to the highest standards of sexual and reproductive health services and information, free from discrimination, coercion, and violence.

The rights-based approach:

Places the health and well being of individuals at the center of program policy design

Recognizes the importance of gender equity and equality

Builds on existing international human rights agreements

rights-based approach( 6 )

Essential health services to ensure sexual and reproductive rights

Information and counseling on human sexuality, reproductive health, and parenthood

Family planning

Prenatal/postnatal and delivery care

Health care for infants

If additional services such as diagnosis and treatment of reproductive system cancers and HIV/AIDS are not offered, a system should be in place to provide referrals to these services.

Safe abortion, where not against the law

Management of abortion-related complications

Prevention and treatment of infertility

Prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and reproductive tract infections

rights-based approach( 7 )

Client-centered, comprehensive care

Client-centered care:

Emphasizes free and informed consentand respect for clients’ rights and needs

Involves clients in program designand evaluation

Is provided by technically competent,compassionate, and well-supervised staff

Integrates or links service components

Ensures privacy and confidentiality in counseling and treatment for all clients, including adolescents

Comprehensive care addresses the full range of sexual and reproductive health needs and provides referrals when appropriate.

rights-based approach( 8 )

Governments can:

Review all laws, policies, and practices, and change those that inhibit the full exercise of reproductive and sexual rights

Enforce gender-sensitive laws and policies through active implementation and monitoring mechanisms

Strengthen health infrastructures to makecomprehensive services more widely available, and give priority to financing for sexual and reproductive health care

How can governments protect and promote sexual and reproductive health and rights?

rights-based approach( 8 )

rights-based approach( 9 )

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