riimpo334d conduct skid steer loader operations using ... · september, 2015 jn 98854g . page iii....

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Reference Material

RIIMPO334D Conduct Skid Steer Loader Operations Using Attachments

September, 2015 — J/N 9885-4G — © www.pertrain.com.au Page iii

Conduct Skid Steer Loader Operations Using Attachments

CONDUCT SKID STEER LOADER OPERATIONS USING ATTACHMENTS

Contents1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1

2. Operator Obligations ........................................................................................................................... 2

2.1 Comply with Legislation and Site Procedures ....................................................................... 2

2.2 Meet Quality Requirements ................................................................................................... 5

2.3 Safety Obligations ................................................................................................................. 5

3. Plan and Prepare for Operations ........................................................................................................ 6

3.1 Participate in Shift Handovers ............................................................................................... 6

3.2 AttendShiftBriefings/Pre-startMeeting ................................................................................ 6

3.3 Obtain Information ................................................................................................................. 7

3.4 Interpret Information and Plan Work .................................................................................... 8

3.5 Conduct Site Safety Inspections ........................................................................................... 9

3.6 Exclusion Zone .................................................................................................................... 10

4. Work with Others ............................................................................................................................... 10

4.1 Communication ....................................................................................................................11

5. Safety ................................................................................................................................................ 16

5.1 Safety and Health Management System ............................................................................. 16

5.2 Permit to Work Systems ...................................................................................................... 16

5.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ................................................................................ 17

5.4 First Aid ............................................................................................................................... 18

5.5 Evacuation Procedures ....................................................................................................... 18

5.6 Manual Handling ................................................................................................................. 18

5.7 Vehicle Safety ..................................................................................................................... 20

5.8 GeneralTrafficRules .......................................................................................................... 22

6. Hazards ............................................................................................................................................. 23

6.1 HazardIdentification ........................................................................................................... 23

6.2 Explosives ........................................................................................................................... 26

6.3 Noise ................................................................................................................................... 26

6.4 Dust and Fumes .................................................................................................................. 27

6.5 Contamination ..................................................................................................................... 27

6.6 Hazardous Chemicals ......................................................................................................... 28

6.7 Activities with High Risk Potential ....................................................................................... 29

6.8 Electrical Conductors .......................................................................................................... 29

6.9 Underground Services ........................................................................................................ 30

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6.10 Spontaneous Combustion ................................................................................................... 30

6.11 Hazard Control Options ....................................................................................................... 31

7. Select and Evaluate Equipment for the Job ...................................................................................... 31

7.1 Perform Equipment Checks and Inspections ...................................................................... 32

8. Equipment Isolation and Tagging ...................................................................................................... 33

8.1 Isolation ............................................................................................................................... 33

8.2 General Isolation Procedure ............................................................................................... 35

8.3 Tagging ................................................................................................................................ 35

9. Maintenance ...................................................................................................................................... 37

9.1 Preventative Maintenance ................................................................................................... 37

9.2 Operational Maintenance .................................................................................................... 38

9.3 Scheduled Servicing and Programmed Maintenance ......................................................... 42

10. Equipment Familiarisation ................................................................................................................. 44

10.1 General Arrangement .......................................................................................................... 44

10.2 ConductPre-startInspection ............................................................................................... 45

10.3 Start-up ............................................................................................................................... 47

10.4 Post Start Checks ............................................................................................................... 47

10.5 Moving Off ........................................................................................................................... 47

10.6 Monitor Systems and Alarms .............................................................................................. 48

10.7 Park-upandShutdown ........................................................................................................ 48

10.8 Emergency Shutdown ......................................................................................................... 48

10.9 Equipment and Procedures Checklists ............................................................................... 48

10.10 Equipment Checklist ........................................................................................................... 49

10.11 Procedures Checklist .......................................................................................................... 51

11. EfficientSkidSteerLoaderOperations ............................................................................................. 53

12. Moving the Skid Steer Loader ........................................................................................................... 54

12.1 Driving ................................................................................................................................. 54

12.2 Turning ................................................................................................................................ 55

12.3 Driving Uphill ....................................................................................................................... 55

12.4 Driving Downhill .................................................................................................................. 55

12.5 Driving on Slopes ................................................................................................................ 56

12.6 Reversing ............................................................................................................................ 56

13. Basic Calculations ............................................................................................................................. 56

13.1 Basic Calculation Methods .................................................................................................. 58

14. Bucket Attachment Operating Techniques ........................................................................................ 60

14.1 Digging ................................................................................................................................ 61

14.2 Sidecutting .......................................................................................................................... 61

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14.3 Carrying the Load ................................................................................................................ 62

14.4 Dumping .............................................................................................................................. 62

14.5 Stockpiling ........................................................................................................................... 64

14.6 Loading from a Stockpile ..................................................................................................... 65

14.7 Mixing Materials .................................................................................................................. 66

14.8 Levelling .............................................................................................................................. 66

14.9 Dragging .............................................................................................................................. 67

14.10 Stripping Topsoil .................................................................................................................. 67

14.11 Spreading Topsoil and Other Materials ............................................................................... 68

15. Trenching Techniques ....................................................................................................................... 68

15.1 Trench Depth ....................................................................................................................... 68

15.2 TrenchProfile ..................................................................................................................... 68

16. BackfillingaTrenchorExcavation .................................................................................................... 69

16.1 BackfillingMethod ............................................................................................................... 70

17. Skid Steer Loader Attachments ......................................................................................................... 71

17.1 Selecting Attachments ......................................................................................................... 71

17.2 Fitting and Removing Attachments ..................................................................................... 72

17.3 Testing Attachments ............................................................................................................ 72

18. Using Skid Steer Attachments ........................................................................................................... 72

18.1 Forklift Attachment .............................................................................................................. 73

18.2 Other Skid Steer Attachments ............................................................................................. 80

19. Transporting the Machine .................................................................................................................. 82

19.1 Loading the Machine for Transport ..................................................................................... 82

19.2 Unloading the Machine ....................................................................................................... 82

20. Environmental Conditions ................................................................................................................. 83

20.1 Dusty Conditions ................................................................................................................. 83

20.2 Rain/WetConditions ........................................................................................................... 83

20.3 Fog ...................................................................................................................................... 83

20.4 Lighting Hazards ................................................................................................................. 84

20.5 Operating at Night ............................................................................................................... 84

21. Responding to Emergency Situations ............................................................................................... 84

21.1 Radio Emergency Response .............................................................................................. 85

21.2 On-boardFires .................................................................................................................... 85

21.3 Loss of Control ................................................................................................................... 85

21.4 Rollover ............................................................................................................................... 86

21.5 Incidents Involving Vehicles ................................................................................................ 87

22. Post Operational Tasks ..................................................................................................................... 87

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22.1 Cleaning and Storing Attachments ...................................................................................... 87

22.2 Storing Tools and Equipment .............................................................................................. 88

22.3 WorkAreaClean-up ............................................................................................................ 88

22.4 End of Shift Reports ............................................................................................................ 89

23. Completing Your Training Program ................................................................................................... 90

23.1 Formal Assessment Process .............................................................................................. 90

24. Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 90

Terms and Acronyms ...................................................................................................................... 91

Supporting Document Register ...................................................................................................... 93

Authorised Use of and Permissions for this Resource

PertrainPtyLtdgrantsthelicenseeofthisPertrainmaterial,permissiontousetheresourceforpurchaser in-housepurposesonly.TheIntellectualPropertyin,andcopyrightof,textandgraphicsprovidedbyPertrainforthe development of this resource remains vested in Pertrain.

Pertrain does not grant ‘the purchaser’ the right to deconstruct these resources or parts thereof to develop other training resources.

Pertrain does not grant ‘the purchaser’ the right to sell work produced by Pertrain to a third party or to allow a third partytouseanycomponentofPertrain’sworkforthethirdparty’sownbenefit.

Thistrainingresourcesorpartsthereofmustnotbedistributed,eitherelectronicallyorinhardcopy,outsideofthe purchaser’s organisation without the written permission of Pertrain Pty Ltd. Permission can be sought by contacting [email protected].

Disclaimer

This resource has been developed after extensive consultation with industry partners. It is a collaborative view anddoesnotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewofanyspecificbody.Forthesakeofbeingconcise,itmayomitfactors that could be pertinent in particular cases. This product is meant for educational purposes only and is not a substitute or replacement for the workplace's existing policy and procedures.

Whilecarehasbeentakeninthepreparationofthisresource,PertrainPtyLtddoesnotwarrantthatanylicensingorregistrationrequirementsspecifiedhereareeithercompleteorup-to-dateforyourStateorTerritory.PertrainPty Ltd does not accept liability for any damage or loss (including indirect and consequential loss) incurred by any person as a result of relying on the information contained in this resource.

PertrainPtyLtd,doesnotacceptanyliabilitytoanypersonfortheinformationoradvice(ortheuseofsuchinformation or advice) which is provided in this resource or incorporated into it by reference. The information is providedonthebasisthatallpersons(responsibleRTO,trainersandassessors)accessingthismaterialacceptresponsibility for assessing the relevance and accuracy of its content. No liability is accepted for any information or services which may appear in any other format. No responsibility is taken for any information or services which may appear on any linked websites.

September, 2015 — J/N 9885-4G — © www.pertrain.com.au Page 1


1. IntroductionThistrainingresourceisprovidedtointroduceyoutoequipmentoperations,theobligationsyouhaveas an operator and the procedures used while performing work. It also outlines the ways in which you canimprovesafetyandefficiencybycorrectlyusingthemachineyouareoperating.

Usethisresourceinconjunctionwiththeequipmentmanufacturer'smanualforthespecificoperatingprocedures of the machine and refer to your site operating procedures.

This resource contains information that will assist you to:• plan and prepare for operations• select and maintain appropriate plant and equipment• work safely on site• work with others to achieve the required outcomes• respond appropriately in an emergency.

NOTE This training resource is a guide only. Always follow your site procedures when performing your work.

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2. Operator ObligationsAs an operator you have an obligation to ensure the safety and health of yourself and others and to protect the environment in which you work.

The following actions will help you to do this.• Ensurethatyouarephysicallyandmentallyfitforworkbefore

starting any job.• Comply with your organisation's Code of Conduct

onhowyouinteractwithothers,forexample,nobullying, discrimination,unethicalorunsafebehaviour.

• Donotattemptanytaskunlessyouarequalifiedandauthorisedto perform the task.

• Make sure that you have the required licences and permits to perform your work and that they are current. Advise your supervisor immediately if you lose your licence or permit.

• Select,checkandusethecorrectpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE).MakesurethatthePPEfitsproperlyandissuitableforthetask.

• Reportunsafeconditions,activities,incidentsornearmissestoyoursupervisororsafetyrepresentative.

• Report damaged or defective equipment for repair.• Operateequipmentwithinmanufacturerspecificationsandlimitationsandaccordingtosite

procedures.• Use your site lock and tag system.• Adhere to site environmental guidelines to prevent damage to the natural environment and

designated heritage sites.

2.1 Comply with Legislation and Site ProceduresDuringyourgeneralandsitespecificinductionsyouwouldhavebeenfamiliarised with organisational and site policies and procedures. These have been developed in accordance with legislation and are designed to ensure that work is undertaken safely.

Gather and read all relevant documents and procedures for the task that you are doing. Ensure that you understand the documents and how they apply to your work.

The general hierarchy of statutory and organisational compliance documentation is shown in the following table.

HERE‛S TO A SAFEDAY‛S WORK !

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Signage

A sign displays a distinct message about how to protect personnel from exposure to hazards. A sign displaying a safety message carries the same authority as a direct instruction from your supervisor. Failure to obey a sign can result in injury or death.

NOTE Signs are placed for your protection. Always keep signs clean and in good condition. Do not remove a sign unless you are authorised to do so.

The following table displays a sample of each type of sign along with a brief description.

Description Example

Mandatory Signs

Indicate an instruction that must be carried out.

SAFETY FOOTWEARMUST BE WORN

IN THIS AREA

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Prohibitory Signs

Indicate an action or activity that is not permitted.

SMOKINGPROHIBITED

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Warning Signs

Indicate a hazard or hazardous condition that is not likely to be life threatening.

SLIPPERYSURFACE

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Danger Signs

Warn of a hazard or hazardous condition that is likely to be life threatening.

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6. HazardsThehazardidentificationprocesswillrevealdifferenttypesofhazardsthatcanimpactonpeople,equipment,methodsandplans,thecommunityortheenvironment.Certainhazardshavehighriskpotential. The presence of any hazard will require you to apply the site hazard analysis process and to implement appropriate control measures.

Hazard Risk

A hazard is a source or situation with the potentialtocauseinjury,damageorlosttime.

A risk is the likelihood that a harmful consequence may result from exposure to a hazard.

Beforeundertakingwork,youmustperformahazardidentificationandriskanalysisprocessfollowingyour site procedures. Learn to recognise the difference between a hazard and a risk.

6.1 Hazard IdentificationHazardsmustbeidentifiedandcontrolledtoavoidanincidentoremergency.Conductapersonalhazardidentificationandriskassessmentprocedureif:

• the task is unfamiliar to you• you are unsure that your work can be carried out safely • the task is potentially hazardous• thetaskispotentiallyahigh-riskactivity• your site procedures require it.

Use the site hazard analysis tool to identify and control workplace hazards. The tool will require you to:• stop• think about what you need to do• identify hazards• plan and implement controls to minimise the risks associated

with each hazard• proceedwiththetask,andmonitortheeffectivenessofthe

controls.

The Task The Hazard The Risk

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1. Stop

2. Think

3. Identify

4. Plan

5. Proceed



10. Equipment FamiliarisationBefamiliarwiththedimensionsandspecificationsoftheequipmentsothatyoucanworksafelyandefficiently.Youmustknowthe:

• equipment capability and limitations• location of isolation points• locationandfunctionofgauges,warningindicators,instrumentsandcontrols• locationandcorrectuseofemergencydevices,forexamplefiresuppressionsystem,fire

extinguisher,emergencystop• proceduresforstarting,stoppingandshuttingdownthemachine.

NOTE Always follow site procedures when performing your work and refer to the equipment manufacturer’s operations manual if you require further information.

10.1 General ArrangementThe major components of typical wheeled and tracked skid steer loaders are shown in the following photographs.

Worklights

ROPs/FOPs

Bucket

Bucket Cutting Edge



10.2 Conduct Pre-start InspectionConductapre-startinspectionbeforeoperatingtheequipmenttoensurethatitissafeandsuitableforuse.Beforestarting,ensurethat:

• theequipmentislevelandparkedonfirmground,inanappropriate place

• the equipment is stable in accordance with site procedures• all potential sources of energy are isolated• youhavethecorrectpre-startform/checklistforyoursiteand

the item of equipment.

Grab Handle

Lift Cylinder

Lift Arm

Upright/Counterweight

Final Drive Track Roller TrackRear Idler



10.2.1 Walkaround Inspection

The aim of a walkaround inspection is to ensure that the equipment is in safe working order. It is conducted at the beginning and end of every shift. Complete your site inspection checklist to ensure that the inspection is documented. Report faults to maintenance and your supervisor according to site procedures.

Start at the main isolation point and check that all energy sources are isolated. Walk completely aroundthemachinecheckingtheconditionoftheequipment,including:

• bodyforwearanddamage,andunderbodyforleaksanddebrisbuildup• windows,mirrorsandlightsforcleanlinessanddamage• attachments and other equipment for wear and damage• tyresandrimsforwear,damageandcorrectinflation,iffitted• tracksfordamageandcorrecttension,iffitted• engine bay for damaged or blocked components• fluidlevelsthatmustbereplenished• emergencyequipment,forexamplefireextinguisher,firstaidkit.

Worklights

ExhaustRadiator

Engine Compartment



10.10 Equipment ChecklistEQUIPMENT MAKE _________________________________ MODEL ______________________

EQUIPMENT ID ____________________________ SITE ________________________

It is your responsibility to familiarise yourself with the equipment you will be operating. This may includecarryingoutpre-startchecks,routineoperatorservicing,maintenanceandhousekeepingtasksaccording to the equipment manufacturer recommendations and your site procedures.

NOTE Workwithyourtrainer/supervisoranduse these notes to familiarise yourself with the components and operations of the equipment.

Item Description/Notes DemonstratedApplied Under Supervision

Dimensions / Specifications

Height:

Length:

Width:

Weight:

Fuel Capacity:

Other:

Operating Parameters

Engine Speed:

Load Limit:

Other:

Isolations:

• Electrical

• Mechanical

Forexample:Batteryisolationpoint,guards

Walkaround Inspection Points

Forexample:Vehiclecomponents,fluidlevels



10.11 Procedures ChecklistEQUIPMENT MAKE _________________________________ MODEL ______________________

EQUIPMENT ID ____________________________ SITE ________________________

Itisyourresponsibilitytooperatetheequipmentsafelyandefficientlywithintheequipmentcapabilityandlimitations,andaccordingtositeprocedures.Youmustmonitortheequipmentduringoperationsand respond appropriately to all indicators and alarms.

NOTE Refer to the equipment Manufacturer’s Manual (MM) instructions for information and required operator responses.

Item Reference Notes on Operating Procedure

Pre-start Procedure

For example: Site pre-startprocedure

Start Up Procedure Forexample:MM,page .........

Post Start Checks Forexample:MM,page .........

Fit and Remove Attachments

Forexample:MM,page .........



12.2 TurningObserve the following precautions when turning the machine.

• Turnthemachineonflat,levelgroundonly.

• Turn the machine gradually and smoothly.

• Take extra care when turning while carrying a load to prevent rollover.

CAUTION The attachment will swing in awiderarcthanthewheels,creating a collision hazard with nearby equipment.

12.3 Driving UphillObserve the following precautions when driving or transporting loads uphill.

• Whentransportingloadsuphill,drivethe machine forwards to keep the load facing uphill.

• Whendrivinguphillwithnoload,drivethe machine in reverse to keep the heavy end uphill.

12.4 Driving DownhillObserve the following precautions when driving or transporting loads downhill.

• Whendrivingdownhillwithnoload,drive the machine forwards to keep the heavy end uphill.

• Whentransportingloadsdownhill,drivethe machine in reverse to keep the load facing uphill.

• Reduce speed and drive to suit the conditions.

Skid Steer Loader Turning

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MachineDirection

Bucket Edge Movement

Drive in reverse with an empty bucket

Drive forwards with aloaded bucket

Driving Uphill©

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Drive in reverse with a loaded bucket

Drive forwards with anempty bucket

Driving Downhill

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14.1 DiggingAlways dig with the bucket directly facing the digging area. Digging at an angle may twist and damage the lift arms. Remove rocks that you uncover when excavating. Dig using the following method.

1. Lower the bucket onto the ground and tilt it forward slightly to place the cutting edge of the bucket on the ground.

2. Slowly drive the machine forward to push the bucket into the ground.

3. Asthebucketfillstiltitbacktokeepthematerial in the bucket and raise the lift arms.

4. Whenthebucketisfull,reversefromthedigging area.

CAUTION Check your blind spot and ensure the rear is clear before reversing.

14.2 SidecuttingSidecuttingconcentratesthepoweroftheloaderintoasmallarea,maximisingthecuttingabilityoftheteeth. This method is useful for conducting the following operations:

• levelling a work area• cutting access tracks• levelling piles• cleaning edges and faces.

Observe the following guidelines for effective sidecutting.

• Use short pushes.• Stop and empty and bucket when

material starts to spill from the edge.• Monitor the material that spills from the

side of the bucket to avoid running over it.• Remainatasafedistancefromafaceoredge,especiallywhenworkingparalleltoit.

CAUTION Watch for rocks falling under the wheels or into machine components.

Digging

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Sidecutting

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Observe these precautions for loading.• Ensurethattheloadiswithintheratedcapacityforthemachineandtheattachmentsfitted.

CAUTION Do not exceed the working load limit (WLL) of the fork attachment.

• Take into account the load centre as well as the mass.• Always check the load destination before picking it up.• Always raise a load with its heavy end against the heel of the fork arms and centre the weight

between the forks.• Always raise a load vertically and tilted slightly backwards.

18.1.4 Lifting a Load Using the Forks

Load the forks using the following method.

Position the machine square to the load.

Tilt the forks slightly forward.

Raise the forks approximately 10 cm above the ground.

Check there is adequate clearance beneath the load

Spread the forks apart to ensure load stability.

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Ensure that the tilt and the height of the forks are correct for entry.

Approach with the machine centred to the load.

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Insert the forks under the load.

Ensure that the load is securely positioned over the forks.

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Raise the forks vertically to take the weight.

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Terms and AcronymsThe following are terms commonly used on some sites. Space is provided over the page for you to add terms and acronyms common to your site.

Term Meaning

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

A risk management process that focuses on job tasks to identify potential hazards,assessrisksanddeterminesuitablecontrolstomanagerisks.

A JSA:

• must be completed before a high risk task commences

• is a written record that could be used in a court of law if a serious incident occurs in the workplace

• must be signed off by all parties who have responsibility for the work to be performed under the JSA.

AlsocalledaJobStepAnalysis(JSA),JobSafetyandEnvironmentAnalysis(JSEA) or Job Hazard Analysis (JHA).

Permits Permits are required for certain jobs that have high risk potential. Some permits used on work sites include HotWorkPermit,PermittoDig/Penetrate,ConfinedSpaceandWorkatHeightsPermits.

Site Procedures Site procedures are documented ways of working to achieve an acceptable levelofrisk.AprocedurecanbeaStandardWorkProcedure(SWP),Safe Work Instruction (SWI) or Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). Procedures are a legal requirement and outline the workplace method and processes for carrying out tasks safely and in an environmentally sustainable way. Procedures are developed after consultation with workers and are monitored and amended as required. Procedures contain detailed information such as:

• a description of the task

• a list of tools and equipment required

• informationonidentifiedhazardsassociatedwiththetask

• riskcontrols,includingtrainingrequirements

• sequentialstepstoperformthetasksafelyandefficiently

• referencestoapplicableworkplacehealthandsafetyacts,regulationsand policies.

Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS)

A SWMS documents a process for identifying and controlling health and safetyhazardsandrisks.ASWMSmustbepreparedforallhigh-riskactivities and contains detailed information such as:

• the type of high risk work to be performed

• associated hazards and risks

• risk management controls to be put in place

• howtheriskcontrolswillbeimplemented,monitoredandreviewed.



Supporting Document RegisterUse this register to note the location of important supporting documentation such as your site operatingandsafetyprocedures,workinstructions,relevantstandards,equipmentmanualsandsafetyalerts/bulletins.

Document Name Document Description Location/How to Access Document

P +61 7 5445 2233 F +61 7 5445 2245

E [email protected]

PostalPO Box 713

Buderim Qld 4556Australia

Office8 Ure Court

Buderim Qld 4556Australia

Copyright © 2014 Pertrain Pty Limited. All rights reserved.

www.pertrain.com.au

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