IntroductionIntroduction The makers of the Titanic were White Star Lines.They needed The makers of the Titanic were White Star Lines.They needed

too make new ships in order to compete with other ships.They too make new ships in order to compete with other ships.They needed to build them bigger, faster, and better.Early in 1907, needed to build them bigger, faster, and better.Early in 1907, Lord Pirrie of Harland and Wolff, and J. Bruce Ismay discussed Lord Pirrie of Harland and Wolff, and J. Bruce Ismay discussed plans for 2 giant ocean ships.On July 29, 1908, the plans were plans for 2 giant ocean ships.On July 29, 1908, the plans were told to a party of distinguished guests at Harland & Wolff. On told to a party of distinguished guests at Harland & Wolff. On December 16, 1908,they set a date to begin building, then December 16, 1908,they set a date to begin building, then three months later, on March 31, 1909, the making of the three months later, on March 31, 1909, the making of the Titanic began. Titanic began. The completed Titanic cost about $7,500,000,it took 3 years to be done. The ship weighed 46,328 Registered Tons. Each ton equal 100 cubic feet. Each funnel, these were the things that were on the top of the ship, were large enough to drive two trains through. There were nine decks and it was as high as an eleven story building. There were 3 propellers,2 big engines and 1 liter one, and it had 20 lifeboats. Its total horsepower was 46,000.Its max speed was 24-25 knots or 27 miles per hour, which was a lot in those days and for a ship of that size. The max number of people that could be on the ship was 3,547 .there were only 2,228 aboard.

The white star lineThe white star line

The White Star Line was founded in September 1869 as the The White Star Line was founded in September 1869 as the Oceanic Steam Navigation CompanyOceanic Steam Navigation Company. .

          By 1875, White Star Line ships, such as the Britannic and By 1875, White Star Line ships, such as the Britannic and Germanic, could attain speeds of more than 16 knots, thus Germanic, could attain speeds of more than 16 knots, thus reducing the trip to seven and a half days. The first major ship reducing the trip to seven and a half days. The first major ship improvement occurred in 1889 when White Star introduced its improvement occurred in 1889 when White Star introduced its first twin-screw steamers, Teutonic and Majestic. This new first twin-screw steamers, Teutonic and Majestic. This new design housed a new "screw" type mechanics that allowed the design housed a new "screw" type mechanics that allowed the ships to travel at rates of 20 knots.ships to travel at rates of 20 knots.

          In 1907 Bruce Ismay dined with Lord Pirrie at the Devonshire In 1907 Bruce Ismay dined with Lord Pirrie at the Devonshire House in Mayfair, London. After dinner, Pirrie introduced the House in Mayfair, London. After dinner, Pirrie introduced the idea of three massive transatlantic liners, which would far idea of three massive transatlantic liners, which would far exceed any other vessel afloat in size, speed, and opulence. exceed any other vessel afloat in size, speed, and opulence. Bruce Ismay listened impatiently as Lord Pirrie drew up rough Bruce Ismay listened impatiently as Lord Pirrie drew up rough plans for the three liners, each one larger than the last. They plans for the three liners, each one larger than the last. They planned on naming the vessels the Olympic, Titanic, and planned on naming the vessels the Olympic, Titanic, and Gigantic to reflect their impressive size and class. Gigantic to reflect their impressive size and class.

He designed the titanic to have enough lifeboats for everyone aboard but He designed the titanic to have enough lifeboats for everyone aboard but there was a big objection in the case of the new-type davits (what the there was a big objection in the case of the new-type davits (what the lifeboats hang on.) He designed them so that an extra row of boats could lifeboats hang on.) He designed them so that an extra row of boats could be put in alongside the existing ones, but it was 'over-ruled' by all the be put in alongside the existing ones, but it was 'over-ruled' by all the other managing directors. They said that it would tack up too much deck other managing directors. They said that it would tack up too much deck space. space.

He was a managing director, of the design department. That desined the He was a managing director, of the design department. That desined the Titanic. He had worked his way up, through all the departments, and Titanic. He had worked his way up, through all the departments, and knew every line of work that was used in building a ship. He also was knew every line of work that was used in building a ship. He also was Lord Pirie's Nephew.Lord Pirie's Nephew.

Tragically, he was the one who was called upon to give an estimate of Tragically, he was the one who was called upon to give an estimate of how long 'Titanic' would have before she sank.. He was lost in the how long 'Titanic' would have before she sank.. He was lost in the disaster having spent the precious time left persuading, or trying to disaster having spent the precious time left persuading, or trying to persuade people to get into the boats. He wouldn't be saved and refused persuade people to get into the boats. He wouldn't be saved and refused to board a lifeboat.to board a lifeboat.

Thomas Andrews was the shipbuilder in charge of the plans for the ocean liner Titanic.

Thomas Anders Thomas Anders

J Bruce IsmayJ Bruce Ismay

J. Bruce Ismay at the time of the disaster was chairman and managing J. Bruce Ismay at the time of the disaster was chairman and managing director of the White Star Line.director of the White Star Line.

He held to blame for the loss of the Titanic by the American pressHe held to blame for the loss of the Titanic by the American press

Although not part of the crew, he may have played a significant role in the Although not part of the crew, he may have played a significant role in the Titanic disaster. It is believed that Ismay may have influenced Captain Smith Titanic disaster. It is believed that Ismay may have influenced Captain Smith to ignore the ice warnings and steam ahead at full speed. Many are to ignore the ice warnings and steam ahead at full speed. Many are convinced that if Ismay had not been aboard, Captain Smith would have convinced that if Ismay had not been aboard, Captain Smith would have been more cautious and taken the ice warnings more seriously .been more cautious and taken the ice warnings more seriously .

Ismay left the Titanic on collapsible boat C and has been extensively Ismay left the Titanic on collapsible boat C and has been extensively criticized for this. The general feeling was that he should have gone down criticized for this. The general feeling was that he should have gone down with the ship. He stated that he only boarded the lifeboat because there with the ship. He stated that he only boarded the lifeboat because there were no other passengers waiting to get on board. However, witnesses have were no other passengers waiting to get on board. However, witnesses have reported seeing Ismay push and shove others out of the way to get on that reported seeing Ismay push and shove others out of the way to get on that lifeboat.lifeboat.

Harland and wolfHarland and wolf Between 1900 and 1930, Harland and Wolff was Belfast's biggest Between 1900 and 1930, Harland and Wolff was Belfast's biggest

employer by a long way. Thousands of people worked in the ship yards.employer by a long way. Thousands of people worked in the ship yards. The Harland and Wolff shipyard was founded in 1862. It was founded by The Harland and Wolff shipyard was founded in 1862. It was founded by

Edward James Harland and Gustav Wilhelm Wolff. At its height, Harland Edward James Harland and Gustav Wilhelm Wolff. At its height, Harland and Wolff and the ship yard in Belfast became one of the biggest ship and Wolff and the ship yard in Belfast became one of the biggest ship builders in the world. Harland and Wolff own the world's largest dry dock, builders in the world. Harland and Wolff own the world's largest dry dock, which is in Belfast. which is in Belfast.

Harland Wolff constructed over 70 ships for the White Star Line. The Harland Wolff constructed over 70 ships for the White Star Line. The Titanic was the best known.Titanic was the best known.

At the time, Harland and Wolff had a workforce of 15,000 and 3,000 At the time, Harland and Wolff had a workforce of 15,000 and 3,000 were employed in the construction of the Titanic.were employed in the construction of the Titanic.

Thomas Andrews became the general manager and head of the Thomas Andrews became the general manager and head of the draughting company in 1907. On the 29th July 1908 the design of the draughting company in 1907. On the 29th July 1908 the design of the Titanic was approved by Bruce Ismay. In march 1909 the Titanic was approved by Bruce Ismay. In march 1909 the construction of the Titanic began.construction of the Titanic began.

•

Some Interesting Facts about the Titanic

• The ship was loaded with only enough lifeboats to hold half of the Titanic passengers.• Among the property reported as lost on the Titanic was over 3,000 bags of mail and a car.• Each first class passenger paid $4,350.00 for a parlor suite ticket.

• The ship contained a heated swimming pool, a first for any sailing vessel.

• The ship was still so brand new when passengers boarded it on April 10, 1912, the paint was still wet in some spots.

• It cost $7,500,000 to build the Titanic.

• It took three years to fully construct the Titanic and 3 million rivetsMany of the passengers were not originally suppose to be traveling on the Titanic. Due to a strike, coal was in short Many of the passengers were not originally suppose to be traveling on the Titanic. Due to a strike, coal was in short supply. This shortage threatened Titanic's maiden voyage and forced the White Star Line to cancel travel on the supply. This shortage threatened Titanic's maiden voyage and forced the White Star Line to cancel travel on the Oceanic and Adriatic and transfer their passengers and coal stocks to the Titanic.Oceanic and Adriatic and transfer their passengers and coal stocks to the Titanic.

•There were 13 couples on board celebrating their Honeymoons.

•Captain Smith was planning to retire after Titanic's maiden voyage •. Coal consumption per day: 825 tons.

•Titanic's whistles could be heard from a distance of 11 miles.

•The Titanic carried 900 tons of baggage and freight.

•The Titanic used 14,000 gallons of drinking water every 24 hours.

The construction of TITANIC

Length over all,882 feet 6 inLength over all,882 feet 6 in Breath over all, 92 feet 6 inBreath over all, 92 feet 6 in Breadth over boat deck, 94 feetBreadth over boat deck, 94 feet Height from bottom of keel to top of caption house, 105 feet 7 inHeight from bottom of keel to top of caption house, 105 feet 7 in Height of funnel above casting, 72 feetHeight of funnel above casting, 72 feet The rudder was 78 feet high, weighed about 101 tons and was cast in 6 The rudder was 78 feet high, weighed about 101 tons and was cast in 6

separate pieces.separate pieces. Titanic's 3 anchors had a combined weight of 31 tons.Titanic's 3 anchors had a combined weight of 31 tons. Number of decks, 11Number of decks, 11 Number of watertight bulkheads, 15Number of watertight bulkheads, 15 Cure 860Cure 860 Number of passengers 2,500Number of passengers 2,500 Approximate cost 7,500,000Approximate cost 7,500,000

•14,000 workers were used to construct it.•The Titanic cost $7.5 million to build. Building the Titanic today (1997) would cost $400 million.

The Largest ship in the world (in 1912).

Construction Begins Construction of the Titanic began in 1909. Harland and Wolff had to

make alterations to their shipyard (larger piers and gantries) to accommodate the giant liners, the Titanic. It took three years to build the titanic

Watertight Compartments                                              Titanic was constructed with sixteen watertight compartments. Each compartment had doors that were designed to close automatically if the water level rose above a certain height. The doors could also be electronically closed from the bridge. Titanic was able to stay afloat if any two compartments or the first four became flooded. Shortly after Titanic hit the iceberg it was revealed that the first six compartments were

Workmen stand next to the screws of the RMS Titanic at a shipyard in Workmen stand next to the screws of the RMS Titanic at a shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland.Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Boilers                                                                             There were twenty-four double ended boilers and five single ended boilers which were housed in six boiler rooms. The double ended boilers were 20 feet long, had a diameter of 15 feet 9 inches and contained six coal burning furnaces. The single ended boilers were 11 feet 9 inches long with the same diameter and three furnaces. Smoke and waste gasses were expelled through three funnels. The total horsepower of the engines was 51,000

A photograph the Titanic's coal bunkers filled with workers. This image was taken A photograph the Titanic's coal bunkers filled with workers. This image was taken prior to the Titanic's maiden voyage.prior to the Titanic's maiden voyage.

Funnels                                         Titania's four funnels were constructed away from the site and were then transported to the shipyard for putting on the Titanic. Only three of the funnels were used to expel smoke and waste gasses. The fourth was added to make the ship look more powerful.

Propellers                                                        Titanic had three propellers which were powered by steam. The rotation of the propellers powered the ship through the sea.

One propeller shaft of Titanic

Workers leave the Harland & Wolff Shipyard in Belfast, where the Titanic was built. Workers leave the Harland & Wolff Shipyard in Belfast, where the Titanic was built. The ship is visible in the background of this 1911 photograph.The ship is visible in the background of this 1911 photograph.

STEP #1: The Bridge On the bridge of the TITANIC there were three telegraphs. Telegraphs are devices with phrases on them such as; ALL AHEAD FULL, AHEAD EASY, ALL STOP, FULL ASTERN, etc. They were used to tell the enjoin room what speed you wanted. So let's say that we wanted the ship to travel at full speed (24knots). We would move the handle on the telegraph until the arrow pointed at ALL AHEAD FULL. STEP #2: The Boiler Room The boiler room would then shovel a certain amount of coal into the furnaces and change the pressure of the boilers. The furnaces heat the water making it into steam, then the steam travels to the engine room.

                                                        

How the enjoins worked

STEP #3: The Reciprocating Engines The engine room is where those four cylinder triple expansion reciprocating engines come into play. The steam is pressurized some more, and then enters the first cylinder of one of the two reciprocating engines. The first cylinder of four is the one with the highest pressure and is called the high pressure cylinder. It is here where the steam is put to work. By passing through the cylinder, the steam must push a piston out of the way.  When it does this it loses some of it's pressure, and enters the second intermediate pressure cylinder. The same thing that happened in the high pressure cylinder happens in the intermediate pressure cylinder except with a bit less force. After the intermediate pressure cylinder, the steam enters the first of the two low pressure cylinders. As you may have guessed, the same thing happens here except with even less force. Then the steam enters the second low pressure cylinder, does the same thing. When the steam pushed the piston out of the way, the piston forced a vertical shaft downwards. This shaft was connected to a giant crank, which was connected to a horizontal shaft, which was connected to the propeller. Since the crank was connected to the horizontal shaft, instead of just being pushed down and through the ship, it turned the horizontal shaft. The vertical shaft would swing back and forth in order to let the crank turn. The horizontal shaft was connected to the propeller, so it turned the propeller as it turned. The waste steam used by both reciprocating engines would then travel to the low pressure turbine.

STEP #4: The Low Pressure Turbine There was only one turbine on the TITANIC, unlike the two reciprocating engines, and the turbine worked in a much different manner as well. As far as I know, she worked kind of like a paddle wheel. There was a paddle-wheel-type-thing inside of a casing, and the steam would travel through the casing pushing the paddle-wheel-type-thing out of the way and turning it. The turbine was connected to a shaft that was connected to the centre propeller. When the turbine turned, the centre propeller turned with it. Unlike the wing propellers, the centre propeller couldn't turn backwards because the turbine worked only in one direction, unlike the reciprocating engines. STEP #5: The Condenser After the steam passed through the turbine it was sent to the condensers, which would condense the steam back into water for the boilers.

Main Generator in Engine Room

Lifeboats which carried survivors from the RMS Titanic are uploaded to the RMS Lifeboats which carried survivors from the RMS Titanic are uploaded to the RMS Carpathia in the hours after the disaster.Carpathia in the hours after the disaster.

Wireless radio room Wireless radio room

There were two operators in There were two operators in the wireless room.the wireless room.

They slept in bunk beds in part They slept in bunk beds in part of the room. They used a of the room. They used a machine and sent messages machine and sent messages in morse code.in morse code.

They received messages that They received messages that there were icebergs about.there were icebergs about.

The rich passengers sent The rich passengers sent messages to their friendsmessages to their friends and family using the wireless.and family using the wireless.

Mail Room

RMS stands for Royal Mail Ship, indicating that the Titanic was contracted to carry mail. The Titanic had a Post Office and Mail Room deep in the ship on decks F and G.

The five postal workers were tasked with sorting much of the mail which had been brought on board the ship, 3,364 bags in total, as well as dealing with any letters which were posted on the ship by passengers and crew.

The Titanic departs Belfast on April 2, 1912 for its first sea trial. Eight The Titanic departs Belfast on April 2, 1912 for its first sea trial. Eight days later it began its maiden and final voyage.days later it began its maiden and final voyage.

Titanic back thenTitanic back then

These are pictures of the Titanic on it’s voyage to the open sea. This ship was known to be the largest ship in the world . The person who was responsible for the building of the Titanic was Bruce Ismay. The Titanic was built to be an unsinkable ship although it wasn’t, as we shall see.

The bridgeThe Titania's bridge contained all the usual equipment for a ship of

that day. The main items of interest were three polished ships

telegraphs which showed direction, speed and sent orders to the engine

room.

Titanic kitchen

Her Pantry

The Titanic ship voyage began heading out to sea. The ship’s builders had spared no expense in assuring that the Titanic would not only be the safest ship on the waters, but also the largest ship equipped with only 20 lifeboats. The deck space for the first class passengers would not be taken up by bulky lifeboats.

Supplies on the TitanicSupplies on the Titanic The chef aboard had made a list of things which he The chef aboard had made a list of things which he

wanted for the maiden voyage, it included among wanted for the maiden voyage, it included among other things: 35,000 fresh eggs and 40 tons of other things: 35,000 fresh eggs and 40 tons of potatoes. Some other things he wanted were 12,000 potatoes. Some other things he wanted were 12,000 dinner plates,dinner plates,40,000 towels of different sorts, 45,000 table napkins, 40,000 towels of different sorts, 45,000 table napkins, 1,000 oyster forks and 1,000 oyster forks and 15,000 champagne glasses! The dockers at 15,000 champagne glasses! The dockers at Southampton were very experienced and fast so they Southampton were very experienced and fast so they put everything together in less than a week. put everything together in less than a week.

Food and Beverage Provisions

Bacon and ham: 7,500 lbsCereals: 10,000 lbsCoffee: 2,200 lbsCondensed milk: 600 galsFlour: 200 barrelsFresh asparagus: 800 bundlesFresh butter: 6,000 lbsFresh cream: 1,200 qtsFresh eggs: 40,000Fresh fish: 11,000 lbsFresh green peas: 2,250 lbsFresh meat: 75,000 lbs

Fresh milk: 1,500 galsGrapefruit: 50 boxesGrapes: 1,000 lbsIce Cream: 1,750 qtsJams and marmalades: 1,120 lbsLemons: 50 boxes (16,000)Lettuce: 7,000 headsOnions: 3,500 lbsOranges: 180 boxes (36,000)Potatoes: 40 tonsPoultry and game: 25,000 lbsRice,dried beans, etc: 10,000 lbs

Salt and dried fish: 4000 lbsSausages: 2,500 lbsSugar: 10,000 lbsSweetbreads: 1,000Tea: 800 lbsTomatoes: 2.75 tonsBeer and stout: 20,000 bottlesMineral waters: 15,000 bottlesSpirits: 850 bottlesWines: 1,500 bottles

Tableware, Glassware and CutleryAsparagus tongs: 400Beef tea cups: 3,000Beef tea dishes: 3,000Breakfast cups: 4,500Breakfast plates: 2,500Breakfast saucers: 4,500Butter dishes: 400Butter knives: 400Celery glasses: 300Champagne glasses: 1,500Claret jugs: 300Cocktail glasses: 1,500Coffee cups: 1,500Coffee pots: 1,200Coffee saucers: 1,500Cream jugs: 1,000Crystal dishes: 1,500Cut glass tumblers: 8,000Dessert plates: 2,000

Dessert spoons: 3,000Dinner forks: 8,000Dinner plates: 12,000Dinner spoons: 5,000Egg spoons: 2,000Entrée dishes: 400Finger bowls: 1,000Fish forks: 1,500Fish knives: 1,500Flower vases: 500Fruit dishes: 400Fruit forks: 1,500Fruit knives: 1,500Grape scissors: 100Ice cream plates: 5,500Liquor glasses: 1,200Meat dishes: 400Mustard spoons: 1,500Nut crackers: 300

Oyster forks: 1,000Pie dishes: 1,200Pudding dishes: 1,200Salad bowls: 500Salt shakers: 2,000Salt spoons: 1,500Soufflé dishes: 1,500Soup plates: 4,500Sugar basins: 400Sugar tongs: 400Table & dessert knives: 8,000Tea cups: 3,000Tea pots: 1,200Tea saucers: 3,000Teaspoons: 6,000Toast racks: 400Vegetable dishes: 400Water bottles: 2,500Wine glasses: 2,000

LinenAprons: 4,000Bath towels: 7,500Bed covers: 3,600Blankets: 7,500Cook's cloths: 3,500Counterpanes: 3,000

Double sheets: 3,000Eiderdown quilts: 800Fine towels: 25,000Glass cloths: 2,000Lavatory towels: 8,000Pantry towels: 6,500

Pillow slips: 15,000Roller Towels: 3,500Single sheets: 15,000Table cloths: 6,000Table napkins: 45,000Miscellaneous items: 40,000

Around the time of the Titanic launch there was a Around the time of the Titanic launch there was a shortage of coal so they hade to cansel ships and shortage of coal so they hade to cansel ships and transfor there passengers over to the Titanic. So transfor there passengers over to the Titanic. So that they could the coal from the other ships on the that they could the coal from the other ships on the Titanic madin voige.Titanic madin voige.

•The boarding for first class passengers is quite a different process than for those destined for steerage. •Wealthy people enjoyed lavish accommodations, fine food, recreation, and breathtaking views of the ocean. •Second class and steerages passengers were boarded below decks, often in cramped quarters. Many were immigrants hoping to begin a new life in America.

Boarding the Titanic

On board the Titanic…….

•There were over 2000 people aboard the Titanic, some very rich and some quite poor.

•If you travelled on RMS Titanic, you could stay in either first, second or third If you travelled on RMS Titanic, you could stay in either first, second or third class.class.

•First class passengers were very wealthy and stayed at the top of the boat. First class passengers were very wealthy and stayed at the top of the boat.

•Second class passengers had some money and stayed in the middle of the Second class passengers had some money and stayed in the middle of the boat.boat.

•Third class passengers were poor and stayed at the bottom of the Titanic.Third class passengers were poor and stayed at the bottom of the Titanic.

Titanic first class was the superror class

What they paid for their passage depended on the size of suite or cabin in which they travelled.  Some chose to book suites which contained private dining and living areas as well as bedrooms for themselves and their maids . Prices range from about £260 to £60= about 50,000 in todays money

Second Class on the TitanicIn second class were those who had achieved success and money through work such as , miners, clerks and teacher’s.  Fares ranged from £13 to £79.= 690 in todays money

Third Class on the TitanicThird class tended to be families emigrating to the United States from Sweden, Ireland and England.  In many cases they had sold all they had to afford the passage on Titanic and to allow them a little savings to get started in America. Within third class there were different standards of accommodation.  The average price for a ticket was around £7 although many were travelling on family tickets costing from £25 to £40 = 450 in todays money

What passengers did for funWhat passengers did for fun Enjoy an 11 cores meal in main dining room, chef ParisianEnjoy an 11 cores meal in main dining room, chef Parisian,

and the café Verandah They could dance in the ball roomThey could dance in the ball room Read a book in the libraryRead a book in the library Ride the elevatorsRide the elevators Exercise in the gymnasiumExercise in the gymnasium Swim in the heated pool, Swim in the heated pool, There was marvelous entertainment provided to the first There was marvelous entertainment provided to the first

class passengers. class passengers. Tack a stroll on deck with friendsTack a stroll on deck with friends Enjoy a light meal in the smoke roomEnjoy a light meal in the smoke room Or talk with friends in the reception roomOr talk with friends in the reception room For the Second Class passengers there was a library, a For the Second Class passengers there was a library, a

smoking room, a dining room, and an elevator.smoking room, a dining room, and an elevator. For the Third Class passengers there was a smoking room, For the Third Class passengers there was a smoking room,

dining saloons, and a general room.dining saloons, and a general room.

Life abord the titanic for childrenLife abord the titanic for children Whether traveling in first, second or third class, life on the Whether traveling in first, second or third class, life on the Titanic Titanic was was

a thrilling experience for children of all ages.a thrilling experience for children of all ages.

First class was by far the most luxurious and priveliged class on board First class was by far the most luxurious and priveliged class on board the the Titanic, Titanic, and the few children who sailed the seas in such comfort and the few children who sailed the seas in such comfort were lucky indeed.were lucky indeed.

In first class, the possibilities were just endless. The stately decks was In first class, the possibilities were just endless. The stately decks was the perfect places for first and second class children to roam about. the perfect places for first and second class children to roam about.

Deck Quoites, a game in which children threw circles of ropes at a Deck Quoites, a game in which children threw circles of ropes at a marked place on the deck, marked place on the deck,

One of the first-class verandah cafes was used as a playroom by the One of the first-class verandah cafes was used as a playroom by the children, children,

Second class, while not quite as lavish as first, still provided many Second class, while not quite as lavish as first, still provided many opportunities for children to enjoy themselves.opportunities for children to enjoy themselves.

•children were not allowed to go into the gym, swim in the pool, or play in children were not allowed to go into the gym, swim in the pool, or play in the luxurious restaraunts the first class enjoyed, the luxurious restaraunts the first class enjoyed,

•The barber-shops, in which men could enjoy a daily lather and shave, The barber-shops, in which men could enjoy a daily lather and shave, also sold dolls and cute little teddies bars. also sold dolls and cute little teddies bars.

First class Passenger LuxuriesFirst class Passenger Luxuries Indoor toilets, showers, bath Indoor toilets, showers, bath

tubstubs 50 telephones50 telephones 4 elevators4 elevators Heated indoor swimming poolHeated indoor swimming pool reception roomreception room librarylibrary Turkish bathTurkish bath reading and writing roomsreading and writing rooms enclosed promenade decks to enclosed promenade decks to

walk and sit onwalk and sit on..

2 libraries2 libraries 4 restaurants4 restaurants 2 barber shops2 barber shops GymnasiumGymnasium Squash courtSquash court Darkroom Darkroom electricity electricity wireless Marconi system. wireless Marconi system. Parisian CaféParisian Café A La Carte RestaurantA La Carte Restaurant tea gardenstea gardens

Titanic was build of the finest materials available. It would cost about $400 million to build it today.

The Titania's defining element of luxury and grace was the spectacular Grand Staircase. It led First Class passengers into the heart of shipboard society where the rich and richer mingled before dinner.Overhead a magnificent glass dome reflected light off oak wall paneling and elaborate railings and iron scrollwork. Wide, sweeping steps and landings provided a spectacular staging area for guests to make their evening appearances.On the top landing a large carved sculpture of two female figures titled “Honor and Glory Crowning Time,” flanked an ornate clock. A classic cherub statue, holding an electric torch, stood guard at the bottom landing. You will pass both when you walk up the staircase to the First Class stateroom.

First class aft staircaseFirst class aft staircase The Aft Grand Staircase The Aft Grand Staircase

was located between the was located between the third and fourth funnels third and fourth funnels and extended down three and extended down three of here decks. It featured of here decks. It featured the same oak wood the same oak wood balustrades as the grand balustrades as the grand stair case staircase and stair case staircase and also featured the same also featured the same style wrought iron dome style wrought iron dome above the stairs. The only above the stairs. The only major differences were major differences were instead of having an instead of having an intricately carved clock on intricately carved clock on the landing it featured a the landing it featured a less simple version. less simple version.

The band that played onThe band that played on An eight-man band led by violinist Wallace Hartley, demonstrated An eight-man band led by violinist Wallace Hartley, demonstrated

extreme courage by entertaining passengers as Titanic sank. Their extreme courage by entertaining passengers as Titanic sank. Their music most likely averted panic and made the passengers feel that music most likely averted panic and made the passengers feel that things were not as bad as they appeared. Some of the witnesses stated things were not as bad as they appeared. Some of the witnesses stated that the band played until Titanic slipped beneath the water. None of that the band played until Titanic slipped beneath the water. None of the eight musicians were employed by the White Star Line. They were the eight musicians were employed by the White Star Line. They were simply listed as second class passengers. Because it was cheaper than simply listed as second class passengers. Because it was cheaper than axually paying them.axually paying them.

The Band Members:Brailey, Theodore - PianistBricoux, Roger - CellistClarke, J. Fred C. Bass - ViolistHartley, Wallace Henry - Band leaderHume, John (Jock) Law - First violinistKrins, George - ViolistTaylor, Percy, C. - CellistWoodward, J. W. Cellist

First Class AreasFirst Class AreasBarb

our Shop

Deck

Gymnasium

First class bathroom

The ship was fantastic. First class passengers could have everything they wanted.

Reception Room

The first class passengers on the Titanic were living in the lap of luxury. Some of the richest people in the world were traveling on the Titanic for her maiden voyage.

members of the upper-class that included •Politicians•Businessmen•Bankers•professional athletesindustrialists and high-ranking military personnel.

A first class ticket ranged anywhere from thirty pounds to 870 pounds. In today’s money you could expect to pay an average of $70,000 per first class ticket. The more expensive rooms were a parlor suite and usually had a private promenade deck.

Over 500 people could dine in luxury in this immense Jacobean-style dining room, located on D-deck between the second and third funnels.  Its placement there was no accident.  This location gave first class diners the smoothest ride available onboard Titanic.The floor of the Dining Saloon was laid with linoleum tiles intricately patterned to resemble a Persian carpet.  The small tables made for easy conversation between tablemates, an activity no doubt assisted by the superb food, fine wine and comfortable armchairs.

Dinning Room

meals for all classes on Titanic were included in the price of the passage diners selected from a generous, but fixed menu. However, in the café Parisian Restaurant diners could chose each course separately from a wider selection than that available in the main dining saloon. With this luxury came a price, literally. Passengers had to pay for their meals out of pocket just as in any restaurant on shore and were presented with a bill from a waiter’s

In addition to taking meals in the main dining room, first-class passengers could make reservations in the deluxe café’ Parisian located aft on the Bridge Deck.” Ordinarily,

pad upon which their menu selections had been written. The Café Parisian captured the style and atmosphere of a sidewalk café in Paris.  White Star literature of the time described it as a tastefully decorated café’ in French trellis-work with ivy. The café’s hade large picture windows gave diners a view of the sea while dining - something that had never before been done. The First Class passengers in Café Parisian certainly enjoyed the best of food.  On April 14, the menu consisted of oysters, salmon, roast duckling, sirloin of beef, peaches in Chartreuse jelly and chocolate and vanilla éclairs

The Verandah Café had a distinctly outdoor feeling.  Enormous windows gave an uninterrupted view of the passing ocean, while sliding doors aft opened the room to sea breezes.  Wicker chairs completed the illusion of the conservatory gone to sea.The Verandahs shared a service pantry with the first-class Smoking Room just forward, providing passengers the opportunity to order light meals and drink.  During the Titania's crossing, the starboard Verandah became an informal nursery and playroom for the first-class children.

Verandah Café Area

How first class passengers deniedHow first class passengers denied

The enormous first-class dining room was located on the (D) deck next to the Reception Room . Diners sat in armchairs at tables that sat two, four, or six and ate from fine china. The dining saloon could seat more than 500 at a time. At 6 p.m. dinner hour, it was the place to show off your new sparkling jewelry and fashionable dress you purchased in Paris.

Breakfast menu (April 11, 1912): Baked apples; fresh fruit; stewed prunes; Quaker oats; boiled hominy; puffed rice; fresh herring; Finnan haddock; smoked salmon; grilled mutton kidneys and bacon; grilled ham; grilled sausage; lamb chops; vegetable stew; fried, shirred, poached and boiled eggs; plain and tomato omelets to order; sirloin steak and mutton chops to order; mashed, sauté, and jacket potatoes; cold meat; Vienna and Graham rolls; soda and sultan scones; corn bread; buckwheat cakes; black currant conserve; Norborne honey; Oxford marmalade; watercress

•Lunch menu (April 14, 1912): Consommé fernier; cookie leekie; fillets of brill; egg a L’Argenteuil; chicken a la Maryland; corned beef; vegetables; dumplings; From the Grill: Grilled mutton chops; mashed, fried, and baked jacket potatoes; custard pudding; apple merinque; pastry; Buffet: Salmon mayonnaise; potted shrimps; Norwegian anchovies; soused herrings; plain and smoked sardines; roast beef; round or spiced beef; veal and ham pie; Virginia and Cumberland ham; Bologna sausage; brawn; galantine of chicken; corned ox tongue; lettuce; beetroot; tomatoes; Cheeses: Cheshire, Stilton, Gorgonzola, Edam, Camembert, Roquefort, St. Ivel, cheddar

•Dinner menu (April 14, 1912): Various hors d’oeuvre; oysters; consommé Olga; cream of barley; salmon, mousseline sauce, cucumber; filet mignons Lili; sauté of chicken, Lyonnais; vegetable marrow farcie; lamb, mint sauce; roast duckling, apple sauce; sirloin of beef; chateau potatoes; green peas; creamed carrots; boiled rice; parmentier and boiled new potatoes; punch Romaine; roast squab and cress; cold asparagus vinaigrette; pâté de foie gras; celery; Waldorf pudding; peaches in chartreuse jelly; chocolate and vanilla éclairs; French ice cream

Dinning Room in Use

1st Class Palm Court

Smoking Room

This room was reserved for males. It was paneled in the best mahogany with painted stained glass windows, which could be lighted from behind creating a warm atmosphere. Four large bay windows over looked the promenade deck. The furniture ranged from leather chairs to playing

tables. A fireplace stood at the left wall. A revolving door was situated just right of the fireplace, which entered into the airy port side palm court.

Writing Room & Lounge

•The Writing Room and lounge was was reserved for woman and men.

•The walls were decorated in rich oak paneling with intricate carved details. The floor was covered in pink carpet and the large bay windows gave an unbroken view of the sea. The furniture ranged from soft easy chairs to wighting tables.

•A grand piano graced one corner of the room

The Barber Shop was used not only for cutting hair. There were itms for sail hanging from the ceiling, or on the walls. They sold penknives, banners, dolls, hats, tobacco, ribbons with RMS Titanic embroidered on it.

There was one for1st class and one for seckound class too. It also served as a sort of lounge for the maids brought by the passengers. The Barber Shops for 1st class and 2nd class were small. They had a bench on one side, and chairs on the other. The benches were used for waiting while the chairs were used for cutting hair.

Titanic elevators

Titania's first class passengers were provided with three electric lifts (elevators), complete with lift attendants and comfortable sofas.  The lifts were located side by side, immediately in front of the Grand Staircase. 

Another lift was available for second-class passengers.

1st class cabin

 

Titania's first-class cabins and suites were spread over five decks and located amidships where the Ship’s motion through the waves would be least felt, and the main staircase and elevators were immediately adjacent for convenience. The accommodations ranged from single-berth cabins to parlor suites and could be configured to accommodate anywhere from 689 to 735 first-class passengers.  

These suites contained two bedrooms, a sitting room, and a private bath and lavatory. Every stateroom had electric light and heat. The First-Class cabins were located on Decks A - D. There were 30 state -rooms on the Bridge-Deck (A - Deck). The state rooms were decorated in different styles: Louis Seize, Empire, Adams, Italian Renaissance, Louis Quinze, Louis Quatorze, Georgian, Regency, Queen Anne, Modern Dutch and Old Dutch. The state rooms were of the highest standard and the private promenade decks were very spacious.

Louis XVI Parlour Suite

Double Bedroom Suite

First class parlour suiteFirst class parlour suite The First Class suites were decorated in various period styles and The First Class suites were decorated in various period styles and

came equipped with many modern electrical appliances, such as came equipped with many modern electrical appliances, such as telephones, heaters, steward call bells, table fans and electrical blowers telephones, heaters, steward call bells, table fans and electrical blowers to provide fresh air.to provide fresh air.

Many of the first class cabins on Titanic had interconnecting doors so Many of the first class cabins on Titanic had interconnecting doors so that occupants could walk directly from one room to another. This that occupants could walk directly from one room to another. This meant, for example, that the master and mistress of the household meant, for example, that the master and mistress of the household might occupy the first bedroom, with children in the second, and staff in might occupy the first bedroom, with children in the second, and staff in the third.the third.

1st Class Bedroom Suite B-60 With Private Drawing Room

1st Class Double Empire Cabin

The four parlor suites (located on B - Deck) on the The four parlor suites (located on B - Deck) on the TitanicTitanic were the were the most expensive accommodation aboard. These suites contained most expensive accommodation aboard. These suites contained two bedrooms, a sitting room, and a private bath and lavatory. two bedrooms, a sitting room, and a private bath and lavatory. Bruce Ismay, Managing Director of the White Star Line, occupied Bruce Ismay, Managing Director of the White Star Line, occupied three of these suites Cabin B-64 on the three of these suites Cabin B-64 on the Titanic'sTitanic's maiden voyage. maiden voyage.

Every stateroom had electric light and heat.Every stateroom had electric light and heat.

Stateroom B-64, 1st Class

1st Class Bathtub

Stateroom Private Prominade

1st Class Suite Sitting Room

For a charge of four shillings, or one dollar, First Class passengers could soothe away their aches and pains at the Turkish Baths.  This suite had a steam room, a hot room, a temperate room, shampooing rooms, toilets and a cooling room. There was also an ultra-modern innovation - electric beds that applied heat to the body using electric lamps. 

Turkish bath’s

•Titania's gymnasium was a wonderful innovation for an ocean-going liner.  It had an electric camel, an electric horse, cycling machines and a rowing machine. •Tickets, priced one shilling•The gymnasium was open for ladies between 9.00 am and noon, and for gentlemen between 2.00 pm and 6.00 pm.  Children were allowed in between 1.00 pm and 3.00 pm.

First class gymnasium,

11stst Class Passengers Class Passengers Very rich and famous peopleVery rich and famous people Traveling for vacation or businessTraveling for vacation or business Titanic Today = very rich, movie stars, famous athletesTitanic Today = very rich, movie stars, famous athletes carried 324 1st class passengerscarried 324 1st class passengers

– 201 survived201 survived

These two passengers were in first class. The man, John Jacob Astor was the richest person on board.

He was sailing with his wife Madeline, her maid and their dog. He asked if he could go in a lifeboat with his wife but was told that he couldn’t. He did not survive but his wife did.

The woman is ‘The unsinkable Molly Brown’ She was called this because she persuaded the crew in charge of her lifeboat to go back and look for any survivors and persuaded the ladies on board that they could row the boat! She survived the disaster and helped lots of people who had lost everything.

J.J. Astor and his wife

Second Class Area Second Class Area

Dinning Room

Entrance

Library

2nd Class Aft Staircase

2nd Class Smoking Room

2nd Class Lounge

22ndnd Class Passengers Class Passengers

Middle class people on vacationMiddle class people on vacation Today = people like us!Today = people like us!

Titanic carried 277 2nd class passengersTitanic carried 277 2nd class passengers

– 118 survived118 survived

How second passengers deniedHow second passengers deniedSecond- and third-class passengers on the Second- and third-class passengers on the TitanicTitanic had their own dining had their own dining saloons, where they were served breakfast, lunch, and dinner. saloons, where they were served breakfast, lunch, and dinner. TitanicTitanic passengers received different food options based on there class ticket, passengers received different food options based on there class ticket, and the second- and third-class passengers had no restaurant options and the second- and third-class passengers had no restaurant options like chef Parisianlike chef Parisian, and the café Verandah as first-class passengers did.as first-class passengers did.

Second-class dining saloonSecond-class dining saloonIn the second-class dining saloon, located on (D) deck, diners ate at larger In the second-class dining saloon, located on (D) deck, diners ate at larger tables, often with strangers. The saloon provided white linen tablecloths tables, often with strangers. The saloon provided white linen tablecloths and napkins. It could hold 394 diners at a time. The diners sat in swivel and napkins. It could hold 394 diners at a time. The diners sat in swivel chairs.chairs.

Breakfast menu (April 11, 1912): Breakfast menu (April 11, 1912): Fruit; rolled oats; boiled hominy; fresh fish; Yarmouth bloaters; grilled ox Fruit; rolled oats; boiled hominy; fresh fish; Yarmouth bloaters; grilled ox kidneys and bacon; American dry hash au gratin; grilled sausage; mashed kidneys and bacon; American dry hash au gratin; grilled sausage; mashed potatoes; grilled ham and fried eggs; fried potatoes; Vienna and Graham potatoes; grilled ham and fried eggs; fried potatoes; Vienna and Graham rolls; soda scones; buckwheat cakes; maple syrup; conserve; marmalade; rolls; soda scones; buckwheat cakes; maple syrup; conserve; marmalade; tea; coffee; watercresstea; coffee; watercress

Lunch menu (April 12, 1912):Lunch menu (April 12, 1912): Pea soup; spaghetti au gratin; corned beef; vegetable dumplings; roast Pea soup; spaghetti au gratin; corned beef; vegetable dumplings; roast mutton; baked jacket potatoes; roast mutton; roast beef; sausage; ox mutton; baked jacket potatoes; roast mutton; roast beef; sausage; ox tongue; pickles; salad; tapioca pudding; apple tart; fresh fruit; cheese; tongue; pickles; salad; tapioca pudding; apple tart; fresh fruit; cheese; biscuits; coffeebiscuits; coffee

Dinner menu (April 14, 1912): Dinner menu (April 14, 1912): This menu was divided into courses:This menu was divided into courses:First course:First course: Consommé with tapioca Consommé with tapioca

Second course: Second course: Baked haddock with sharp sauce; curried chicken and Baked haddock with sharp sauce; curried chicken and rice; spring lamb with mint sauce; roast turkey with savory cranberry rice; spring lamb with mint sauce; roast turkey with savory cranberry sauce; green peas; puree turnips; boiled rice; boiled and roast potatoessauce; green peas; puree turnips; boiled rice; boiled and roast potatoesThird course (desserts): Third course (desserts): Plum pudding; wine jelly; coconut sandwich; Plum pudding; wine jelly; coconut sandwich; American Ice Cream; nuts, assorted; fresh fruit; cheese; biscuitAmerican Ice Cream; nuts, assorted; fresh fruit; cheese; biscuit

2nd Class Stateroom

Marble Sinks in Washroom

2nd Class 2 Person State Room

2nd Class Stateroom

Third Class Area Third Class Area

Smoking Room

Dinning Room

Stair Case

Lavatory

33rdrd Class Passengers Class Passengers Mostly immigrants moving to AmericaMostly immigrants moving to America Today = there is no third classToday = there is no third class

There were 706 third class passengers on board- 462 There were 706 third class passengers on board- 462 men, 165 women and 79 children.men, 165 women and 79 children.

178 third class passengers survived the disaster- 75 178 third class passengers survived the disaster- 75 men, 76 women and 27 childrenmen, 76 women and 27 children

Wash Basin in Double Cabin

How the third class passengers dinedHow the third class passengers dined

Third-class dining saloonThird-class dining saloon In the third-class dining saloon, located in the Middle (F) deck, In the third-class dining saloon, located in the Middle (F) deck,

diners sat at long tables that could seat 20. They hung their hats, diners sat at long tables that could seat 20. They hung their hats, coats, and scarves on hooks attached to the walls. The saloon coats, and scarves on hooks attached to the walls. The saloon was large and spare. It could seat 473, which means that two was large and spare. It could seat 473, which means that two seatings were necessary to accommodate all 710 passengers in seatings were necessary to accommodate all 710 passengers in third class.third class.

The food was hardy and wholesome. Here’s the fare served in the The food was hardy and wholesome. Here’s the fare served in the third-class dining saloon on April 14, 1912:third-class dining saloon on April 14, 1912:

Breakfast: Oatmeal porridge and milk; vegetable stew; fried tripe Breakfast: Oatmeal porridge and milk; vegetable stew; fried tripe and onions; bread and butter; marmalade; Swedish bread; tea; and onions; bread and butter; marmalade; Swedish bread; tea; coffeecoffee

Lunch: Bouillon soup; roast beef and brown gravy; green beans, Lunch: Bouillon soup; roast beef and brown gravy; green beans, boiled; potatoes; cabin biscuits; bread; prunes and riceboiled; potatoes; cabin biscuits; bread; prunes and rice

Dinner: Rabbit pie; baked potatoes; bread and butter; rhubarb and Dinner: Rabbit pie; baked potatoes; bread and butter; rhubarb and ginger jam; Swedish bread; teaginger jam; Swedish bread; tea

Here are some photos of the Titanic. There are very few photographs of the third class passengers from the Titanic.

Where Did These People Live?Where Did These People Live?

ArgentinaArgentina ArmeniaArmenia AustraliaAustralia AustriaAustria BelgiumBelgium BosniaBosnia BulgariaBulgaria CanadaCanada ChinaChina CroatiaCroatia CubaCuba

DenmarkDenmark EgyptEgypt EnglandEngland FinlandFinland FranceFrance GermanyGermany GreeceGreece Hong KongHong Kong IndiaIndia IrelandIreland ItalyItaly

JapanJapan LebanonLebanon LithuaniaLithuania MexicoMexico NetherlandsNetherlands NorwayNorway PeruPeru PolandPoland PortugalPortugal RussiaRussia ScotlandScotland

SloveniaSlovenia South AfricaSouth Africa SpainSpain SwedenSweden SwitzerlandSwitzerland SyriaSyria ThailandThailand TurkeyTurkey UruguayUruguay USAUSA WalesWales

Her decksHer decksBoat Deck: where the Bridge; radio room; officer's quarters; lifeboats; gymnasium were located

Promenade Deck: 1st class staterooms; 1st class reading and writing rooms; 1st class lounge; 1st class smoking room; the Verandah Cafe and Palm Court. |Bridge Deck: 1st class suites; two 1st class "millionaire" suites; 1st class à la Carte restaurant; Café Parisien restaurant; 2nd class smoking room.

Shelter Deck: 1st class suites; 2nd class library; 3rd class social room; 3rd class smoking room; some crew accommodations; cabins for the maids and servants who accompanied many of the 1st class passengers; 1st class barber shop; Doctor's office; Police office; hatches for loading the ship.

Saloon Deck: 1st class dining room; 1st class reception room; 2nd class dining room; 1st and 2nd class galleys (kitchens) and pantries; 1st, 2nd and 3rd class rooms; crew quarters; 1st and 2nd class bakery and butcher shops; hospital.

Lower Deck: Squash racquet court; Post Office; food freezers and coolers; cargo hold; crew quarters; some 3rd class rooms.

Upper Deck: 1st and 2nd class rooms; crew quarters; 2nd class barber shop.

Middle Deck: Swimming pool; Turkish bath; 2nd and 3rd class rooms; crew quarters; 3rd class dining room; 3rd class galley; 3rd class bakery.

Back row from Left to Right:Herbert McElroy, Charles Lightoller, Herbert Pitman, Joseph Boxhall, Harold LoweFront row from Left to Right:James Moody, Henry Wilde, Edward Smith, William Murdoch

Titanic officers

Captain Edward Smith was the captain of the Titanic. He, the engineers who had designed the ship, and the officers were sure that she was absolutely safe and unsinkable. He was also retiring after the titanic.

Captain - Edward J Smith Chief Officer - Henry F Wilde

First Officer - William M Murdoch Second Officer - Charles Herbert Lightoller

Third Officer - Herbert John Pitman Fourth Officer - Joseph Groves Boxhall

Fith Officer - Harold GodfreySixth Officer - James P MoodyChief Purser - Herbert McElroy

What About the Crew?What About the Crew?

885 crew members885 crew members–212 survived212 survived

5 postmen5 postmen–none survivednone survived

8 musicians8 musicians–none survivednone survived

2 radio operators2 radio operators–1 survived1 survived

The Deck CrewTitanic’s 66-person deck crew included seven ship’s officers,The medical staff and seeman

Engineering CrewThe Titanic’s engineering crew was comprised of more than 300 people, including engineers, boiler operators, electricians, firemen, stokers, plumbers, storekeepers, loaders, etc. Together they were responsible for maintaining the engines, generators and other ship’s equipment and keeping them operational. These were the highest-paid members of the Titanic’s crew. They had the necessary education and technical knowledge for operating, maintaining and repairing the ship’s equipment and systems.

Service Personnel There were also about 500 members of service personnel aboard the Titanic, including 69 employees of the liner’s luxury restaurant.

Five experienced postal clerks also served aboard the Titanic. Postal clerks of sea-going ships were considered a cut above the rest of the crew. They were well-paid and differed from other crew members in that their work had nothing to do with the running of the ship or catering to its passengers.

The sinking of the Titanic

Ice warnings are coming in from other ships in this area of the north Atlantic. Ice warnings are coming in from other ships in this area of the north Atlantic. The lookout crew in the crow’s nest have bean warned to watch out fro The lookout crew in the crow’s nest have bean warned to watch out fro iceberg- but there binoculars were left behind in Southampton! At 11:40 iceberg- but there binoculars were left behind in Southampton! At 11:40 p.m., you are awoken by string scraping noise. Putting a coat on over your p.m., you are awoken by string scraping noise. Putting a coat on over your pajamas, you head for the bridge. Caption smith tells you the ship has pajamas, you head for the bridge. Caption smith tells you the ship has struck ice and in seriously damaged, but you don’t bereave him. By 12:15 struck ice and in seriously damaged, but you don’t bereave him. By 12:15 A.M. on April 14 lifeboats, two emergence boats have left the ship. Over A.M. on April 14 lifeboats, two emergence boats have left the ship. Over 1,500 people remain on aboard. Titanic stern began to rise up out of the 1,500 people remain on aboard. Titanic stern began to rise up out of the ocean. Water is pruning through the open portholes. The ship lights are still ocean. Water is pruning through the open portholes. The ship lights are still on, and the band bravely continues to play on deck. At 12:18 the lights on, and the band bravely continues to play on deck. At 12:18 the lights begin to flicker on and off. Rivets been to pop, and the deck planks snap as begin to flicker on and off. Rivets been to pop, and the deck planks snap as the ship begins to break in two. The noise is deafening. Once the bow is the ship begins to break in two. The noise is deafening. Once the bow is totally submerged, it finally rips apart from the rest of the ship and launches totally submerged, it finally rips apart from the rest of the ship and launches to the ocean floor. Just a few mints later, you turn your back as Titania's to the ocean floor. Just a few mints later, you turn your back as Titania's stern slides under water. The caption is last seen on the bridge giving final stern slides under water. The caption is last seen on the bridge giving final orders.orders.

Fredrick Fleet Twenty-Four year old Fredrick Fleet was the lookout who first sighted the iceberg that sank the Titanic. He left the sea in 1936. He worked for Harland and Wolff's Southampton shipyard during World War II, after which he became a night watchman for the Union Castle Line. As he moved into old age, he sold newspapers on a street corner in Southampton.

On January 10, 1965, despondant over his finances and the recent loss of his wife, Fleet took his own life. He was buried at Hollybrook Cemetery, Lordshill, Southampton.

The water was incredibly smooth making it difficult to see icebergs ahead because of the lack of white caps at the base of the icebergs. There was no moon that night making it even more difficult to see.

At 11.40 p.m. on the 14th of April, everybody on board heard a terrible sound. The Titanic struck an iceberg.

The Titanic fired white rockets into the night sky to notify other ships nearby. The rockets were a shock of reality to the Titania's passengers. It was a great panic on board the ship.The first lifeboat, No. 7, was lowered at 12:45 a.m. with 28 people on board. It had a capacity of 65.

Most of the other lifeboats left half full: Boat No. 1 left with 12 but had a capacity of 40; No. 3 left with 32 and No. 5 with 41, both had a capacity of 65. One boat, collapsible A, was overturned in the water.

Water came down Water came down the first class stairs. the first class stairs. Outside, there were Outside, there were people letting out people letting out cries and screams. cries and screams. The Titanic was The Titanic was completely under completely under water by 2:20 a.m., water by 2:20 a.m., only three hours only three hours after hitting the after hitting the iceberg. This iceberg. This disaster took place disaster took place on April 15, 1912.on April 15, 1912.

It took 2 hours and 40 minutes for the Titanic to sink. She took more than 1500lives with her.

The last reported position of the Titanic was Latitude 41є46' N, Longitude 50є14' W

The Titanic was sinking and sinking fast. An SOS was sent out to neighboring ships. The Carpathian picked up the ship’s distress call and radioed back to let the ship’s crew know they were on their way. It would be to late by the time the Carpathian arrived. When they arrived all that was left of the Titanic was the scared survivors.

Icebergs are huge floating pieces of ice, and sometimes they can be as big as a ten-storey building. The main part of an iceberg is below the water and only a small partof it can be seen above. That’s why they are so dangerous.

Titanic hit the starboard side with the ice berg.

Final moments Of Titanic……………..

The under compartments of the bow started to flood. Due to the flooding the bow commenced to go down causing the stern to rise

Yet the later part of the sinking was sort of faster and the golden funnels of Titanic stared to lose one by one while the stern

was rising nearly 60 degrees from the ocean level

She was out of electrical power and the stress concentration had reached the maximum @ the 2nd expansion joint of the ship which lied in between the 3rd and 4th funnels…….caused the Titanic to splint into two from the 2nd expansion joint right down to the keel of the vessel and the Stern fell back.

The Bow submerged completely by pulling down the Stern vertically and then finally detached

The Stern floated a couple of minutes perpendicular to the ocean level and then foundered completely leaving no trace of Titanic.

The Bow traveled nearly 3km down the Atlantic ocean

• There were 6 ice warnings received by Titanic on the day of the collision. They were all ignored by the wireless operator.

•On the night of the collision, because the moon was not out, and the water was so still, it was very difficult to see the iceberg.

•The iceberg that the Titanic struck was not a very big one. It did not even come up as high as the bridge of the ship.

• An iceberg exposes only 1/10th of it's mass above water. With the other 9/10ths of it's mass below water, It makes them impossible to budge. Even with a force of a ship like the Titanic.

•The Titanic was traveling 22.5 knots while cruising through iceberg. Just .5 knot from her maximum speed capability.

•The collision occurred at 11:40 P.M. on Sunday, April 14, 1912. Murdoch had ordered the engines reversed which had sealed the Titanic's doom. Like all ships, the Titanic turned more quickly.Had the Titanic proceeded ahead and turned, it is most likely that she would have avoided hitting the iceberg all together.

The liner Carpathian arrived at the site of tragedy at 3.30 a.m. on the same day and rescued the people in the lifeboats. Only about 700 passengers of the Titanic survived.

Survivors of the sinking of the RMS Titanic rest on the deck of the RMSSurvivors of the sinking of the RMS Titanic rest on the deck of the RMS Carpathia on April 15, 1912.Carpathia on April 15, 1912.

0

50

100

150

200

250

first class2nd classthird classcrue

Passengers saved

41%

59%

sevedlost

Qouts from the new York times article

Probably

1250 perish

Sea search fro others

Rule of sea fallowed

Biggest liner plunges to the bottom at 2:20 A.M.

Women and children first

Picked up after

8 hours

The first news of the disasterThe first news of the disasterThe first news of the disaster to the Titanic was received by the Marconi The first news of the disaster to the Titanic was received by the Marconi

wireless station here at 10:25 o’clock last night . The Titanic was first wireless station here at 10:25 o’clock last night . The Titanic was first heard giving the distress signal heard giving the distress signal ”C.Q.D””C.Q.D” which was answered by a which was answered by a number of ships, including the Carpathian, the Baltic and the Olympic. number of ships, including the Carpathian, the Baltic and the Olympic. The Titanic said she hade struck an iceberg and was in immediate need The Titanic said she hade struck an iceberg and was in immediate need of assistance. At 10:55 o’clock the Titanic reported she was sinking by the of assistance. At 10:55 o’clock the Titanic reported she was sinking by the head, and at 11:25 o’clock the station here established communication head, and at 11:25 o’clock the station here established communication with the Allan liner- Virginian, from Halifax for Liverpool and notified here with the Allan liner- Virginian, from Halifax for Liverpool and notified here of the Titanic urgent need of assonants and gave her the Titanic position. of the Titanic urgent need of assonants and gave her the Titanic position. The Virginian advised the Marconi station almost immediately that she The Virginian advised the Marconi station almost immediately that she was proceeding toward the scene of the disaster. At 11:36 o’clock the was proceeding toward the scene of the disaster. At 11:36 o’clock the Titanic informed the Olympic that they were putting the women and Titanic informed the Olympic that they were putting the women and children off in boats and instructed the Olympic to have here lifeboats children off in boats and instructed the Olympic to have here lifeboats ready to transfer the passengers. The Titanic during all of this time, ready to transfer the passengers. The Titanic during all of this time, continued to give out distress signals and to announce here position. The continued to give out distress signals and to announce here position. The wireless operator seemed absolutely cool and clear- headed. The last wireless operator seemed absolutely cool and clear- headed. The last signal heard from the Titanic was received at 12:27 A.M.”signal heard from the Titanic was received at 12:27 A.M.”

Fears serious loss of lifeFears serious loss of life““We have asked for that report from Capt.. Haddock, and we are expecting We have asked for that report from Capt.. Haddock, and we are expecting

a reply at any time. The Carpathian is proceeding to New York direct. We very a reply at any time. The Carpathian is proceeding to New York direct. We very much fear that there has been serious loss of life, but it is impossible for us to say much fear that there has been serious loss of life, but it is impossible for us to say definitely concerning this sad part of the situation until we are able to reassure definitely concerning this sad part of the situation until we are able to reassure ourselves whether or not any of the Titanic passengers are aboard the Allan liners.ourselves whether or not any of the Titanic passengers are aboard the Allan liners.

We are hopeful that the rumors which have reached us by telegraph from We are hopeful that the rumors which have reached us by telegraph from hall- fax that there are passengers aboard the virginal and the Persian will prove to hall- fax that there are passengers aboard the virginal and the Persian will prove to be true, and that these vessels will turn up with some passengers. It’s the loss of be true, and that these vessels will turn up with some passengers. It’s the loss of life that makes this thing so awful. We can replace money, life that makes this thing so awful. We can replace money, butbut not the lives lost.” not the lives lost.”

Location of Titanic death beadLocation of Titanic death bead

April 15 the deathbed of the 10 million steamer Titanic, and of probably many April 15 the deathbed of the 10 million steamer Titanic, and of probably many who must have been dragged down with her, is two miles, at least, blow the who must have been dragged down with her, is two miles, at least, blow the surface of the sea.surface of the sea.

The ship is long gone, hundreds of people are left struggling in The ship is long gone, hundreds of people are left struggling in the water. Number of corpse float to the surface. Bits and the water. Number of corpse float to the surface. Bits and

pieces of wreckage bobbed around them. For those stranded pieces of wreckage bobbed around them. For those stranded in the sea, there was little hope of surviving even with in the sea, there was little hope of surviving even with

lifejackets. The water temperature was 20 degrees Fahrenheit lifejackets. The water temperature was 20 degrees Fahrenheit and most of the life boats hade rowed away. Some of the and most of the life boats hade rowed away. Some of the seaman in charge of the lifeboats feared they would be seaman in charge of the lifeboats feared they would be

engulfed in the suction created when the ship sank.engulfed in the suction created when the ship sank.

The AftermathThe Aftermath 1,503 people total died1,503 people total died, including passengers and crew. Only , including passengers and crew. Only 705 705

peoplepeople survived. survived. 962 lifeboat seats were required by law. 962 lifeboat seats were required by law. 1,178 lifeboat seats were carried aboard. 2,208 lifeboat seats were 1,178 lifeboat seats were carried aboard. 2,208 lifeboat seats were

needed. needed. One of the first lifeboats to leave the One of the first lifeboats to leave the Titanic Titanic carried only carried only 28 people28 people; it ; it

could have could have held 64 people.held 64 people. There were There were 472 lifeboat472 lifeboat seats not used. seats not used. 300 dead bodies were pulled from the sea the next morning. They 300 dead bodies were pulled from the sea the next morning. They

were found floating in their life-jackets. Many other floating bodies were found floating in their life-jackets. Many other floating bodies were not found because they had drifted off.were not found because they had drifted off.

The temperature of the Atlantic at the time of sinking was 31 degrees. The temperature of the Atlantic at the time of sinking was 31 degrees. This temperature was the biggest cause of death among the This temperature was the biggest cause of death among the population.population.

There were many dogs aboard the There were many dogs aboard the TitanicTitanic. Two of the dogs survived.. Two of the dogs survived. Charles Joughin was the only person to survive the ice cold Atlantic Charles Joughin was the only person to survive the ice cold Atlantic

water...He reportedly had been drinking heavilywater...He reportedly had been drinking heavily

Why People DiedWhy People Died

Not enough lifeboatsNot enough lifeboats–Titanic had 20, more than legally required but not Titanic had 20, more than legally required but not

enough for everyone on boardenough for everyone on board–Not all lifeboats were full because passengers didn’t Not all lifeboats were full because passengers didn’t

believe Titanic would sinkbelieve Titanic would sink

Cold waterCold water–28 degrees = hypothermia28 degrees = hypothermia

No help nearbyNo help nearby–Rescue ships arrived about two hours after Titanic sankRescue ships arrived about two hours after Titanic sank

The Impact of the Huge TragedyThe Impact of the Huge TragedyThe impact the tragedy had on the American and British society was The impact the tragedy had on the American and British society was huge. There were very wealthy and influential people on board and huge. There were very wealthy and influential people on board and many male figures were lost leaving behind many widows and many male figures were lost leaving behind many widows and orphans.orphans.

Titanic Today Titanic Today The Titanic lies 12,600 feet The Titanic lies 12,600 feet (over 2.33 miles) at the (over 2.33 miles) at the bottom of the Atlantic bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. Ocean.

The two pieces of the The two pieces of the Titanic lay 1,970 feet apart Titanic lay 1,970 feet apart from one another on the from one another on the ocean floor. ocean floor.

Because of front section of Because of front section of the Titanic went down nose the Titanic went down nose first, the bow is buried 60 first, the bow is buried 60 feet below the oceanfeet below the ocean floor. floor.

Bench

Shoes

Dishes

Dishes retrieved from the ocean floor stand in sand in a glass case as part of the At the Dishes retrieved from the ocean floor stand in sand in a glass case as part of the At the right is the bell from the crow's nest.The bell was rung by seaman Fredrick Fleet to warn right is the bell from the crow's nest.The bell was rung by seaman Fredrick Fleet to warn that an iceberg was ahead on the ill-fated voyage.that an iceberg was ahead on the ill-fated voyage.

Pipes and the captain's bathtub rest in what remains of the captain's cabin in 2003.Pipes and the captain's bathtub rest in what remains of the captain's cabin in 2003.

The propellor of the Titanic rests on the ocean floor.The propellor of the Titanic rests on the ocean floor.

Artifacts from the WreckArtifacts from the Wreck

Dictionary

Bottles and GlasswareSkylight

Ring

Pocket Watch

Perfume

MoneySink & Shaving Gear

The last survivor of Titanic was a lady called Milvina Dean. Milvina was just nine weeks old when she was rescued from Titanic and was 97 when she died. Coincidentally she died on the 97 anniversary of Titania's launch. The last Titanic survivor was travelling to America with her mother, father and brother. They were emigrating to Kansas City where her father was going to run a tobacconist’s shop. Milvina’s father, Bertram who was just 25 years old, was lost in Titania's sinking. He had felt the impact of the iceberg and had told his wife to go up on deck with the children. After being brought to New York on Carpathian, the remaining Dean family returned to England. Her mother did not talk about the Titanic disaster until Milvina was 8 years old. Milvina lived in and around Southampton for most of her life and in her later years, she spent much of her time answering letters from Titanic fans around the world, signing autographs and receiving visitors.

Milvina died aged 97 in 2009.

Last survivor of the Last survivor of the TitanicTitanic