rise of christianity (humanities).ppt

8/11/2019 Rise of Christianity (humanities).ppt

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Rise of ChristianityBy:

Claire Ann FernandezStella Marie Aber

Arlene Barcelo

Argee Bartolome

Leover Caranto

Lorebeth Libed


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Religion in the Roman Empire

Religion in Romewas polytheistic &

based upon theGreek gods

Romans worshiped

the gods but peoplewere not veryemotional about

their religion 2


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But, the Hebrews were monotheistic &

many refused to pay respect to theRoman gods

Some Jews known as zealots, believed

they had to revolt to protect their beliefin only one God and create their ownnation.

Other Jews believed that God wouldsoon send a messiah or savior to leadJews to freedom.

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In 66-70AD they revolted against Rome.

The Romans then sacked the holy city ofJerusalem and destroyed all of the Jewishtemple except the western wall. Wailing

Wall.

In 135AD Hadrian banished all the Jewsfrom the holy city of Jerusalem. Diaspora

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Wailing Wall 6


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Ejecting the Jews fromPalestine: the diaspora

The record on the Arch

of Titus 7


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Rabbis Jewish

scholars whointerpreted scriptureand learned Jewish

Law. Rabbis becamethe leaders of Jewishcommunities outsideof Jerusalem.

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Rise of Christianity

This religion grew out of Jewishtraditions.

Jewish prophets predicted that amessiah, or one anointed by Yahweh,would be sent to deliver the Jews fromforeign rule


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The Birth of Jesus & Beginningof Christianity

Sometimebetween 6 & 4 B.C.in Judea, a Jew

named Jesus wasborn; Manyconsidered Jesus

to be the Messiah

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At the age of 30, Jesus beganpreaching a unique version ofJudaism that became known

as ChristianityJesus, founder of Christianity

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Beliefs of Christianity

& Teachings of JesusJesus began teaching around 27AD.

According to the Gospels: Jesus traveled

the countryside with his followers anddisciples, performing miracles, anddefended the poor.

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Jesus and the Disciples

Jesus message ofeternal life inheaven appealed

to many people,especially thepoor

Jesus followerswere known asdisciples

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Teachings of Jesus

Jesus preached a religion based on theJewish belief in one god (monotheism)

Jesus taught that he was Gods son & thatGod would rid the world of evil

He taught of Gods love, mercy andforgiveness towards others, & eternal lifein heaven for those who repent their sins

He based much of his good works on theTen Commandments

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Teachings of Jesus

Bible: the holy book of Christianity

Includes all prophets of Torah andmost books of the Torah

Adds the New Testament, whichincludes the Gospels and other booksby Jesus followers


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Teachings of Jesus

Taught withparables: shortstories with

simple morallessons

The Prodigal Son


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Teachings of Jesus

His life &teachings arerecorded in the

gospels ofMatthew, Mark,Luke, and John.

First 4 books ofthe new testamentof the BIBLE.

(Holy Book) 17


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Crucifixion of Jesus

Many Hebrews in Judea did not acceptthe idea that Jesus was a Messiah &accused him of blasphemy (contempt forGod)

Roman leaders feared Jesus growingpopularity


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Crucifixion of Jesus

In 29 A.D., Jesus wasarrested for defyingRoman authority &was crucified


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Jesus Rising

from Hisgrave

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According to theGospels: Jesus rosefrom the dead,

remained on Earthfor 40 days, and thenwent to heaven.


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Jesus Rising from His grave

His followers then called himJesus Christ, believed he wasthe Messiah, and had died for their

sins.(christos = Greek word for Messiah)

Followers believed through this theycould be redeemed from Gods final

judgment

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Compared with Judaism, Christianityspread over far distances in a very shorttime

This was due to a few factors:

Judaism is mostly an ethnic religionMissionaries and martyrs

Appeal of Christianity

Spread of Christianity


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The Apostles, especiallyPaul, molded Jesusteachings into a new

religion calledChristianity based uponthe idea that Jesus wasGods son & that he died

for mans sins

The Apostles taught thatJews & non-Jews were

welcome as Christians



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Followers of Jesus were calledChristians

Christ= Savior= messiah

Missionaries were able to spread Jesusteachings by taking advantage of apeaceful time in the Roman empire, andalso good roads were available


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Spread of Judaism & Christianity wereseen as problems for the Roman

emperors:Jews & Christians refused to worship the

Roman gods or recognize the emperor as

more important than God

Persecution of Jews & Christians


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Many Christians & Jews were persecutedby Romans;

Many were crucified, exiled, or executedduring gladiator events

Christians who died became martyrs

(people who sacrifice their lives for theirbeliefs) which helped spread the faith

Persecution of Jew & Christians


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Widespread persecutioncontinued until 313 AD

Emperor Constantine

converted to Christianity& issued the Edict ofMilan which gave

freedoms & equality toChristians



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In 395 A.D., Emperor Theodosius madeChristianity the official religion of the

Roman Empire The appeal of Christianity

Offered hope of salvation and eternal

life

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Theres a sense of control over onesdestiny

More about making the CHOICE to bemoral

The idea that everyone is equal

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Impact of the Church of Romein the late Roman Empire

The Christian church became moreorganized and became known as theRoman Catholic Church.

Christian doctrine was established byearly church councils

Priests conducted services and

ceremonies

Bishops were above priests and headedthe church in each city

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Patriarchs of these cities became Pope(latin word meaning father)

Peter, Jesus disciple was considered thefirst pope.

Church became an example of moralauthority

Loyalty to the church became moreimportant than loyalty to the Emperor

Church became main unifying force ofWestern Europe

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Three Forms of ChristianityToday

Catholicism

Pope is an advocate, prayer to saints, etc.

Greek Orthodox Formed when a Byzantine Emperor

refused to recognize the Catholic Popein Rome

Protestantism

Saints not prayed to, no Pope


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Organization of the EarlyChristian Church

Christians organized thefaith:

A hierarchy ofleadership was createdin which local priests

were supervised byregional bishops; Thehead of the church wasthe Pope who operatedfrom Rome

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rise of christianity (humanities).ppt

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