RISKRISK ASSESSMENTASSESSMENT

Hospitality and Hospitality and Accomodation ServicesAccomodation Services

February 2014February 2014

Mark HoareMark Hoare Cheryl ShepherdCheryl Shepherd

Course ContentCourse ContentIntroduction to health and safetyIntroduction to health and safety

How heath and safety is managed at the How heath and safety is managed at the UniversityUniversity

Risk assessment in theoryRisk assessment in theory

Risk assessment in practiceRisk assessment in practice

More information about Risk Assessment athttps://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/hr/wellbeing/worksafe/topics/riskassessment.aspx

WorkplaceWellbeing

Environment &Sustainability

Health and Safety(inc Fire safety)

WellbeingServices

WellbeingServices

WellbeingServices

HumanResources

OccupationalHealth

EmployeeSupport

Who are Workplace Wellbeing?

Workplace WellbeingWorkplace Wellbeing Director: Les WrightDirector: Les Wright

PA Dawn EdenPA Dawn Eden

Health and Safety UnitHealth and Safety Unit

Health & Safety AdvisersHealth & Safety Advisers–– Mark Hoare (Manager/general)Mark Hoare (Manager/general)–– Dean Cross (Chemical)Dean Cross (Chemical)–– Dr Gus Zabierek (Radiation)Dr Gus Zabierek (Radiation)–– Beverly Davies (Biological)Beverly Davies (Biological)–– Alan Hickinbotham (Fire)Alan Hickinbotham (Fire)

Health & Safety AssistantHealth & Safety Assistant–– Helen Janewska (Radiation)Helen Janewska (Radiation)

Support StaffSupport Staff–– Francis WakefieldFrancis Wakefield–– Dawn EdenDawn Eden–– Melanie AshfieldMelanie Ashfield

Workplace WellbeingWorkplace Wellbeing Director: Les WrightDirector: Les Wright

PA Dawn EdenPA Dawn Eden

Wellbeing ServicesWellbeing ServicesHead of Wellbeing Service Head of Wellbeing Service ––Philippa HawkinsPhilippa Hawkins

Occupational Health Occupational Health –– Sophie Gask (Occupational Health Adviser)Sophie Gask (Occupational Health Adviser)–– Ruth Wootoon (Occupational Health Nurse)Ruth Wootoon (Occupational Health Nurse)

Employee SupportEmployee Support–– Jean Harris (Adviser)Jean Harris (Adviser)–– Angela Breen (Disability Adviser)Angela Breen (Disability Adviser)

Support StaffSupport Staff–– Yvonne AttwoodYvonne Attwood–– Joy WalkerJoy Walker–– Connie ReadingConnie Reading

Environmental AdviserEnvironmental AdviserDr Trevor ShieldsDr Trevor Shields

https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/hr/contact/wellbeing/index.aspx

https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/hr/wellbeing/worksafe/index.aspx

https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/hr/wellbeing/workhealth/index.aspx

WHAT IS HEALTH & SAFETY?WHAT IS HEALTH & SAFETY?

IS IT?IS IT?

No!!!No!!!

SoSo…….. What is What is ‘‘Health and SafetyHealth and Safety’’??

WHAT IS HEALTH & SAFETY?WHAT IS HEALTH & SAFETY?

Health and Safety is Health and Safety is notnot the absence of the absence of accidents or ill healthaccidents or ill health

BUTBUTthe result of taking positive action to the result of taking positive action to identify identify causescauses and and implementimplement and and maintainmaintain suitable suitable preventive measurespreventive measures to eliminate risk or to eliminate risk or reduce risk to an acceptable level.reduce risk to an acceptable level.

TimeTimeMoneyMoneyEffortEffort

The greater the The greater the riskrisk the more resources the more resources that need to be put into controlling the that need to be put into controlling the

riskrisk

All accidents causing injury by

generic site

University Accident StatisticsUniversity Accident Statistics

WHY BOTHER WITH HEALTH & WHY BOTHER WITH HEALTH & SAFETY?SAFETY?

PeoplePeople

TheThe LawLaw

CostCost of of AccidentsAccidents

UniversityUniversity’’s reputations reputation

£

LAWLAW

Mainly the Health and Safety At Work ActMainly the Health and Safety At Work Act–– --and regulations made under itand regulations made under it

Also Corpotate ManslaughterAlso Corpotate Manslaughter

Also Also ‘‘Duty of careDuty of care’’

UniversityUniversity’’s Policy interperate the laws Policy interperate the law

safe plant and equipmentsafe plant and equipment

safe systems of worksafe systems of work

safe handling, transport and storagesafe handling, transport and storage

information, training and supervisioninformation, training and supervision

safe access and egresssafe access and egress

safe environmentsafe environment

safety policysafety policy

trade union consultationtrade union consultation

Employer’s duty to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare of all his employees. In particular:

HSWA Section 2

Similar responsibility towards non employees

EmployeeEmployee’’s s duty while at work:duty while at work:to take reasonable care of his own and other to take reasonable care of his own and other peoplespeoples’’ health and safetyhealth and safetycoco--operate with employersoperate with employers

No person shall interfere with or misuse anything provided for health, safety or welfare.

HSWA Sections 7 & 8

Institution or individual can be prosecuted if an Institution or individual can be prosecuted if an offence is committed due to:offence is committed due to:ConsentConsentConnivanceConnivanceNeglectNeglect

of senior staffof senior staff

An Institution can be convicted of Corporate Manslaughter:

If failings by an organisation's senior management are a substantial element in any gross breach of the duty of care owed to the organisation's employees or members of the public, which results in death.

HSWA Sections 37

Loss of Business ContinuityLoss of Business Continuity

••Power outage 2012Power outage 2012

••Flood in the Bioscience basementFlood in the Bioscience basement

••Fire in the BiotowerFire in the Biotower

••Flood in the subwaysFlood in the subways

••Exacuatiion of ChemistryExacuatiion of Chemistry

HOW is H&S ORGANISED and HOW is H&S ORGANISED and MANAGED?MANAGED?

UNIVERSITY LEVEL‘The University’ via the VC & Senior Staff

Supported by:University ‘Workplace Wellbeing’ TeamUniversity Policy, Guidance and Rules

Heads of College/Corporate Services

Senior Staff, Academic, Administrative, Technical

Supported by:Local Safety Co-ordinator,

Local Policy, Guidance and RulesLiaison O, Fire Wardens

Managers and Supervisors

Head of College/Corporate ServiceCOLLEGE / CORPORATE SERVICES LEVEL

Managers and SupervisorsThe most ‘important’ people

Who is a Manager/Supervisor?

What are their duties/responsibilities?

University Supervision policy

‘Responsible Research’ document

https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/hr/wellbeing/worksafe/management/hsmanagment.aspx

HEALTH & SAFETY HEALTH & SAFETY PHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHY

H & S MUST BE MANAGEDH & S MUST BE MANAGED

the creator of the risk must control the riskthe creator of the risk must control the risk

prevent accidents, incidents, ill health before prevent accidents, incidents, ill health before they occurthey occur

assess risk and target resourcesassess risk and target resources

the greater the risk the more resources to the greater the risk the more resources to control the riskcontrol the risk

NEED TO MANAGE THE RISKNEED TO MANAGE THE RISK

IdentifyIdentify foreseeable hazardsforeseeable hazards

in orderin order

to prevent or control themto prevent or control them

toto

recognised standardsrecognised standards

and be able toand be able to

demonstrate that it is being done and the demonstrate that it is being done and the correct standards are being achievedcorrect standards are being achieved

Examples of Accidents in HASExamples of Accidents in HAS

Serving food in Great Hall, slipped on flour Serving food in Great Hall, slipped on flour spilt on the floorspilt on the floorGastronorm tin fell on legGastronorm tin fell on legClimbed on a desk to close a window, jarred Climbed on a desk to close a window, jarred back getting downback getting downNursery practitioner changing child, strained Nursery practitioner changing child, strained backbackFloor cleaner ran over her footFloor cleaner ran over her footSetting up a trampoline, leg on her footSetting up a trampoline, leg on her footStabbed in leg by sharps in black bin bagStabbed in leg by sharps in black bin bag

BE PREPARED!BE PREPARED!

Planned and Unplanned Planned and Unplanned SituationsSituations

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment

Why do we have to do Risk Why do we have to do Risk assessments?assessments?

To produce To produce ‘‘proportionatlyproportionatly’’ safe ways of safe ways of working (safe operating/working procedures working (safe operating/working procedures etc.) etc.)

Know what to do if things go wrongKnow what to do if things go wrong

NOT to produce piles of paper!NOT to produce piles of paper!

NOT to cover ones back!NOT to cover ones back!

HEALTH & SAFETY AT WORK HEALTH & SAFETY AT WORK ACT 1974ACT 1974

Requires employers to ensure the health, Requires employers to ensure the health, safety and welfare of their employees and non safety and welfare of their employees and non employees employees

How can this be done without assessing the How can this be done without assessing the risks they face?risks they face?

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH & MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH & SAFETY AT WORK REGS 1999SAFETY AT WORK REGS 1999

Specifically requires employers to Specifically requires employers to carry out risk assessmentscarry out risk assessments

–– Employers must make Employers must make suitablesuitable and and sufficientsufficient assessments of risks to assessments of risks to employees and other persons arising from employees and other persons arising from or in connection with their conduct or or in connection with their conduct or undertaking undertaking for the purpose of identifying for the purpose of identifying control measurescontrol measures

ProcessProcessIdentifyHazard

AssessRisk

Manage the Risk

Monitor Review

DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS

HAZARDHAZARD–– something with the something with the

potential to cause potential to cause harmharm

g\winppt\riskass\1

ProcessProcessIdentifyHazard

AssessRisk

DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS

HAZARDHAZARD–– something with the something with the

potential to cause potential to cause harmharm

RISKRISK–– the likelihood of the likelihood of

that harm being that harm being realisedrealised

g\winppt\riskass\1

Clear identification of hazardsClear identification of hazards

What are the risks from the hazards?What are the risks from the hazards?

ProcessProcess

ProcessProcessIdentifyHazard

AssessRisk

Evaluate and Manage the

Risks

Evaluating the riskEvaluating the risk–– Separate significant from insignificant risksSeparate significant from insignificant risks

OutcomeOutcome–– No injury / minor / major / fatalNo injury / minor / major / fatal

Clarify why risks are significantClarify why risks are significant–– consequenceconsequence–– probabilityprobability–– frequencyfrequency–– numbers affectednumbers affected

ProcessProcess Evaluate RiskEvaluate Risk

Can the risk be accepted?Are existing controls Ok?Are more controls required

Identify those who may be harmed and numbersIdentify those who may be harmed and numbers–– young persons/studentsyoung persons/students–– physical impairmentphysical impairment–– pregnantpregnant–– strength/height strength/height –– immunoimmuno--compromisedcompromised

Take account of Take account of –– Some may be regulars in workplace, some notSome may be regulars in workplace, some not–– Staff, students, visitors, contractors, maintenance, cleaners, pStaff, students, visitors, contractors, maintenance, cleaners, patients, public etc.atients, public etc.–– Different levels of competence, knowledge, awareness, language eDifferent levels of competence, knowledge, awareness, language etc.tc.

Existing control measuresExisting control measures–– Are they adequate?Are they adequate?

What more do I have to do?What more do I have to do?

ProcessProcess Assess the RiskAssess the Risk

ProcessProcessIdentifyHazard

AssessRisk

Manage the Risks by:

Elimination/Substitution

Controlling to Acceptable Level by:

ProceduresSystems

Instructionsi.e.Method Statements

PPEWarnings

ProcessProcess Controlling the RiskControlling the Risk

Can the hazard be removed altogether?Can the hazard be removed altogether?

If not, how can risks be controlled so that If not, how can risks be controlled so that harm is unlikely?harm is unlikely?

Hierarchy of controlsHierarchy of controls–– eliminate or substituteeliminate or substitute–– engineering controlsengineering controls–– administrative controlsadministrative controls–– personal protective equipmentpersonal protective equipment–– information and instructioninformation and instruction

ControlsControls–– consider competenceconsider competence–– consider emergencies etc.consider emergencies etc.–– must be maintained and monitored for effectiveness must be maintained and monitored for effectiveness

Controlling the riskControlling the risk–– Is there University policy/guidance?Is there University policy/guidance?–– Is there HSE guidance?Is there HSE guidance?–– Is there an industry/research standard?Is there an industry/research standard?–– Apply hierarchy of controlsApply hierarchy of controls–– Consider competencyConsider competency–– Identify emergency proceduresIdentify emergency procedures–– Health surveillance may be requiredHealth surveillance may be required

ProcessProcess Controlling the RiskControlling the Risk

Process Process –– Children crossing a roadChildren crossing a road

IdentifyHazard

AssessRisk

Manage the Risk

Monitor Review

Management Guidance

Manual HandlingElectrical TestingFire LaddersBiological SafetyIonising RadiationPressure SystemsCarcinogensEtc….

Risk AssessmentSupervisionWork EquipmentConfined SpacesLaboratory WorkWork Station DesignOfficesYoung PersonsEtc…...

Local plans/organisation

University Health & Safety Policy & Strategy

Specific Policies Specific Guidance

ProcessProcess Using the Assessment Using the Assessment

Use the assessment outcomeUse the assessment outcome–– procedures (including emergency)procedures (including emergency)–– instructionsinstructions–– methods of workmethods of work

Communicate to those who need to know Communicate to those who need to know –– studentsstudents–– shared premisesshared premises–– contractorscontractors–– visitor etc.visitor etc.

Record of the assessmentRecord of the assessment–– SignedSigned–– DatedDated–– Specify review dateSpecify review date

ProcessProcess RecordingRecording

Risk Assessment Process in HASRisk Assessment Process in HAS (Cheryl)(Cheryl)

Accident in Catering Outlet Accident in Catering Outlet KitchenKitchen

Person slipped on wet/greassy floor towads the end of the dinnerPerson slipped on wet/greassy floor towads the end of the dinner serving serving periodperiod

Quite badley hurtQuite badley hurt

Invesitgated and find people often slip Invesitgated and find people often slip ––mostly at lunch time and towards mostly at lunch time and towards end of the dayend of the day

Carry out a risk assessment and control measuresCarry out a risk assessment and control measures

6 people work in the kitchen, wet moped, everything cleaned incl6 people work in the kitchen, wet moped, everything cleaned including floor uding floor in last hour of opening.in last hour of opening.

CARRY OUT A RISK ASSESSMENT and SUGGEST CONTROL MEASURESCARRY OUT A RISK ASSESSMENT and SUGGEST CONTROL MEASURES

Dynamic/On the Job RADynamic/On the Job RA

Risk assessments and controls for many activities are written down and formalised before the activity starts.It will also be necessary to carry risk assessments for activities that have not been assessed at all or when there is a variance in what has been assessed.In some circumstances the activity will not be allowed to start until a full risk assessment has been formally carried out and documented.However, often a dynamic risk assessment will be what is required and can be done by the person carrying out the activity.

Dynamic/On the Job RADynamic/On the Job RA

Person needs to have the necessary knowledge, competence and, if necessary, training to do this

Need to know what to look for

Aide memoire/check list useful

Know when to stop and to whom to report

Examples of Dynamic Risk Examples of Dynamic Risk Assessments?Assessments?

Specific Risk Assessments Specific Risk Assessments Required ForRequired For

Display Screen Assessment Display Screen Assessment

Manual HandlingManual Handling

Hazardous Substances (COSHH)Hazardous Substances (COSHH)

ProcessProcessIdentifyHazard

AssessRisk

Manage Risks by

Elimination/Control to

Acceptable Level

Monitor Review

ProceduresSystems

InstructionsWarnings

i.e.Method Statement

REVIEW & REVISEREVIEW & REVISESignificant changes, revise assessmentSignificant changes, revise assessment

–– workplace changes, new substances, procedures, workplace changes, new substances, procedures, equipment etc.equipment etc.

Good practice to review anywayGood practice to review anyway

Some assessments (COSHH) must be Some assessments (COSHH) must be reviewed at specific periodsreviewed at specific periods

DonDon’’t amend for trivial changest amend for trivial changes

Walk round, look, ask people, look at accident Walk round, look, ask people, look at accident statistics, manufacturerstatistics, manufacturer’’s instructions, data s instructions, data sheets etc.sheets etc.

SummarySummary

Understand activityUnderstand activityIdentify hazardsIdentify hazardsIdentify those who might be harmedIdentify those who might be harmedEvaluate the riskEvaluate the riskControl the riskControl the riskRecord the assessmentRecord the assessmentReview and reviseReview and revise

Use the assessment to formulate procedures etc.Use the assessment to formulate procedures etc.

If there is no risk assessment for the work being done

1. Check with your manager or supervisor if there is a risk assessment. 2. Are there any significant risks or are the risks no different from everyday life? 3. Are there University or local policies or procedures in place to carry out the work? 4. Can a dynamic risk assessment be done and are you competent to do it?

Examples of your ActivitiesExamples of your Activities