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ARCS
Remedial Planning Activities at Selected Uncontrolled g' Hazardous Substance Disposal .IM Sites in Region I
Environmental Protection Agency Region I
X i f ARCS Work Assignment No. 26-1 BBS
Risk Assessment Burgess Brothers Superfund Site Woodford and Bennington, Vermont
April 1997
Volume 1 of 2
o SDMS DocID 4 0 3 9
TAMS Consulfanfs, Inc. TRC PEI Associates, Inc. Jordan Communlcatloi Companies, Inc,
RISK ASSESSMENT
BURGESS BROTHERS SUPERFUND SITE
BENNINGTON AND WOODFORD, VERMONT
RISK ASSESSMENT
Prepared for
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Waste Management Division
JFK Federal Building
Boston, Massachusetts 02203
Work Assignment No.:
EPA Region:
Contract No.:
TRCC Document No.:
TRCC Project No.:
TRCC Project Manager:
TRCC Telephone No.:
EPA Work Assignment Manager:
Telephone No.:
Date Prepared:
26-1BB5
I
68-W9-0033
L94-651
1-636-0270-1BB5
Diane Stallings
(508) 970-5600
Ronald Jennings
(617) 573-5794
April 18, 1997
TRC ENVIRONMENTAL CORPORATION
Boott Mills South
Foot of John Street
Lowell, Massachusetts 01852
(508) 970-5600
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-1
1.1 Overview 1-1
1.2 Site Description 1-5
1.3 Site History 1-8
1.4 Summary of Site Investigations 1-9
2.0 EVALUATION OF SITE CONTAMINATION 2-1
2.1 Data Evaluation 2-1
2.1.1 Data Sources 2-1
2.1.2 Data Review 2-2
2.2 Statistical Analyses 2-20
2.3 Summary of Site Contamination 2-22
2.3.1 Ground Water Contamination 2-22
2.3.2 Soil Contamination 2-26
2.3.3 Surface Water, Sediment, and Leachate Contamination 2-28
2.3.4 Air Contamination 2-30
2.4 Contaminant Fate and Transport 2-30
2.4.1 Known and Potential Source Areas 2-31
2.4.2 Potential Routes of Migration 2-31
2.4.3 Contaminant Transport 2-32
3.0 HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT 3-1
3.1 Selection of Contaminants of Concern 3-1
3.1.1 Background 3-1
3.1.2 Methodology 3-1
3.2 Exposure Assessment 3-2
3.2.1 Introduction 3-2
3.2.2 Characterization of Exposure Setting 3-3
3.2.3 Identification of Exposure Pathways 3-6
3.2.4 Exposure Scenarios 3-9
3.2.5 Quantification of Exposure 3-11
3.3 Toxicity and Dose-Response Assessment 3-15
3.3.1 Introduction 3-15
3.3.2 Carcinogenic Effects 3-16
3.3.3 Noncarcinogenic Effects 3-18
3.3.4 Special Considerations - Dermal Contact 3-20
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)
Section Page
3.4 Risk Characterization 3-21
3.4.1 Introduction 3-21
3.4.2 General Methodology 3-21
3.4.3 Risk Summary 3-23
3.5 Discussion of Uncertainties 3-33
3.5.1 Introduction 3-33
3.5.2 General Methodological Uncertainties 3-34
3.5.3 Site-Specific Uncertainties 3-38
3.5.4 Data-Related Uncertainties 3-40
4.0 ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT 4-1
4.1 Introduction 4-1
4.2 Problem Formulation 4-2
4.2.1 Habitat and Species Characterization 4-2
4.2.2 Hazard Identification 4-14
4.3 Exposure Assessment 4-26
4.3.1 Aquatic Biota Exposure 4-26
4.3.2 Food Chain Exposure 4-26
4.4 Ecological Effects Assessment 4-29
4.4.1 Leachate/Surface Water 4-30
4.4.2 Sediment 4-33
4.4.3 Food Chain Toxicity 4-33
4.5 Risk Characterization 4-35
4.5.1 Aquatic Biota 4-39
4.5.2 Food Chain Transfer 4-49
4.5.3 Discussion of Uncertainties 4-55
5.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 5-1
6.0 REFERENCES 6-1
Appendices
A-1 Risk Assessment Database Summary Statistics
B Human Health Risk Spreadsheets C Toxicity Profiles D Lead lEUBK Model Results E Ecological Risk Tables
A-2 Oversight Data Summary Statistics
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)
TABLES
Number Page
2-1 Sample Inventory 2-3
2-2 Summary of Wells and Data Used in Statistics for Inorganic Data 2-17
3-1 Contaminants of Potential Concem for Each Medium at the Burgess Brothers
Superfund Site 3-42
3-2 Burgess Brothers Superfund Site: Summary of Exposure Pathways 3-43
3-3 Exposure Pathway: Ingestion of Ground Water by Resident for Future Scenario . 3-46
3-4 Exposure Pathway: Incidental Ingestion of Surface Soils by Trespasser for
Present and Future Scenarios 3-47
3-5 Exposure Pathway: Incidental Ingestion of Surface Soils by Adjacent Resident
for Future Scenario 3-48
3-6 Exposure Pathway: Incidental Ingestion of Soils by Excavation Worker for
Future Scenario 3-49
3-7 Exposure Pathway: Incidental Ingestion of Sediments by Trespasser for Present
and Future Scenarios 3-50
3-8 Exposure Pathway: Dermal Contact with Surface Water by Trespasser While
Wading for Present and Future Scenarios 3-51
3-9 Human Health Toxicity Criteria for Contaminants of Concern at the Burgess
Brothers Superfund Site 3-52
3-10 Potential Carcinogenic Effects ofthe Burgess Brothers Site COCs 3-53
3-11 EPA Weight-of-Evidence for Human Carcinogenicity 3-56
3-12 EPA Carcinogenicity Weight-of-Evidence Criteria for Human and Animal Data . . 3-57
3-13 Carcinogenicity of PAHs Detected at the Burgess Brothers Site 3-59
3-14 Potential Chronic Noncarcinogenic Effects of Burgess Brothers Site COCs 3-60
3-15 Potential Subchronic Noncarcinogenic Effects of Burgess Brothers Site COCs . . . 3-63
3-16 Summary of Carcinogenic Risk Estimated for the Burgess Brothers Site 3-65
3-17 Summary of Noncarcinogenic Hazard Indices Estimated for the Burgess Brothers
Site 3-66
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c TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) Number Page
4-1 Potential Ecological Receptors for Burgess Brothers Landfill 4-9
4-2 Selection of Leachate and Surface Water Contaminants of Concem - Ecological
Assessment 4-16
4-3 Selection of Sediment Contaminants of Concem - Ecological Assessment 4-21
4-4 Burgess Brothers: Selection of Surface Soil Ecological Contaminants of Concern 4-23
4-5 Leachate and Surface Water Quality Criteria for Contaminants of Concern,
Burgess Brothers Landfill 4-31
4-6 Leachate and Surface Water Amphibian Toxicity Data for Contaminants of
Concem, Burgess Brothers Landfill 4-32
4-7 Sediment Quality Guidelines for Contaminants of Concem, Burgess Brothers
Landfill 4-34
4-8 Chronic Toxicity Values and Dietary Limits of COCs for Vole, Shrew, and Robin 4-36
4-9 Leachate and Surface Water Ecological Risk Summary 4-41
4-10 Amphibian Risk from Leachate/Surface Water 4-43
4-11 Sediment Ecological Risk Summary 4-47
4-12 Risk Indices for Meadow Vole, Wetlands Soil 4-50
4-13 Hazard Quotients for Short-Tailed Shrew, Wetlands Soil 4-52
4-14 Hazard Quotients for American Robin 4-54
-^gf
FIGURES
Number Page
1-1 Location Map 1-6
1-2 Site Feature Map 1-7
2-1 Site Map with Soil, Groundwater and Air Sample Locations 2-23
2-2 Site Map with Surface Water, Sediment, and Leachate Sample Locations 2-24
4-1 Habitat Cover Type Sketch 4-4
4-2 Onsite Leachate/Surface Water Sampling Locations Exceeding AWQC 4-46
4-3 Onsite Sediment Sampling Locations Exceeding Sediment Guidelines 4-48
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Section 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
The final rule of the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan
(NCP, 1990) requires that a baseline human health and ecological risk assessment be
conducted as part of the Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) at Superfund
hazardous waste sites. The purpose of the baseline risk assessment is to determine
whether contaminants identified at the site pose a current or potential future risk to
human health or the environment in the absence of remediation. The analysis assists in
evaluating whether remediation is necessary.
TRC Companies, Inc. (TRCC), under Work Assignment 26-1BB5 of U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) Contract 68-W9-0033, is conducting a baseline human health
and ecological risk assessment to support EPA enforcement activities related to the
Remedial Investigation (RI) at the Burgess Brothers Superfund site (Burgess Brothers),
Woodford and Bennington, Vermont. The human health risk assessment presented in
this report is primarily a quantitative analysis based on RI field sampling and analysis
results. The ecological risk assessment is both quantitative and qualitative; it is based on
previously published information and data collected during the RI.
The risk assessment evaluates actual or potential exposures to site contaminants under
current and future land use scenarios at the Burgess Brothers site and vicinity. Existing
site documents such as the Draft Phase lA-Initial Site Characterization (ISC) Report and
the Remedial Investigation Report prepared by O'Brien & Gere Engineers, Inc. (O'Brien
&. Gere, 1994 and 1996) were consulted to determine demographics of the area and likely
receptors and exposure pathways for current and future land use scenarios. Receptors
evaluated in the human health risk assessment include future residents, current
trespassers, and excavation workers.
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The quantitative human health risk assessment consists of four main components: hazard
identification, exposure assessment, toxicity evaluation, and risk characterization.
Hazard identification involves examining the contamination at the site and selecting the
contaminants of concern (COCs), which are those contaminants likely to pose the
greatest risk to human health. The exposure assessment involves using available data on
chemical releases from the site to estimate exposures to receptor populations. The
toxicity evaluation describes the toxicological effects from exposure to each COC and
summarizes relevant toxicity criteria. The risk characterization then estimates the
carcinogenic risk and potential for noncarcinogenic effects attributable to site-related
contamination, based on toxicity data and calculated exposure doses. Uncertainties
associated with risk estimates are also evaluated as part of the risk characterization.
The ecological risk assessment generally includes the same components as the human
health risk assessment, and consists of four main parts: problem formulation, exposure
assessment, ecological effects assessment, and risk characterization. Problem
formulation describes the ecological characteristics of the site area, including local
habitats and species. This description is based on information available in existing
reports and reference sources. Problem formulation also includes a selection of
contaminants of ecological concem and an identification of possible exposure pathways.
The exposure assessment estimates exposure point concentrations available for uptake by
ecological receptors. The ecological effects assessment identifies medium-specific
criteria or guidance and toxicity information available in scientific literature. Lastly, the
risk characterization evaluates potential risks to biota based on all the above information.
Uncertainties associated with the ecological risk assessment are also discussed as part of
the risk characterization.
This risk assessment was conducted in accordance with the following EPA guidance
documents:
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U.S. EPA Region I Waste Management Division Risk Updates: August 1994 and August, 1995, and November, 1996.
Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS), Volume I: Human Health Evaluation Manual.
(Part A) Interim Final, 540/1/-89, December 1989.
Development of Risk-Based Preliminary Remediation Goals (Part B) publication 9285.7-OlB, December 1991, PB92-963333.
Risk Evaluation of Remedial Alternatives (Part C), publication 9285.7OIC, December 1991, PB92-963334.
Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: "Standard Default Exposure Factors" OSWER Directive 9285.6-03 (EPA, March 25, 1991).
Supplemental Guidance to RAGS: Calculating the Concentration Term, (publicarion 9285.7-081, June 22, 1992).
EPA Region I Supplemental Risk Assessment Guidance for the Superfund Program Part 1: Public Health Risk Assessment (EPA 901/5/89-001, June 1989).
Final Guidance Data Useability in Risk Assessment (Part A), (publication 9285.7-09A, April 1992, PB92-963356).
Guidance for Data Useability in Risk Assessment (Part B), (publication 9285.709B, May 1992, PB92-963362).
Dermal Exposure Assessment: Principles and Applications (EPA 600/8-91/01 IB, January 1992).
Air/Superfund National Technical Guidance Study Series, Volumes I, II, III, and IV (EPA 450/1-89-001,002,003,004, July 1989).
Superfund Exposure Assessment Manual. Office of Remedial Response. EPA, 1988. (EPA/540/1-88/001).
Exposure Factors Handbook. Office of Health and Environmental Assessment. EPA, 1989. (EPA/600/8-89/043).
Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume U: Environmental Evaluation (EPA 540/1-89/001, March 1989).
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Ecological Assessment of Hazardous Waste Sites: A Field and Laboratory Reference (EPA 600/3-89/013, March 1989).
Ecological Assessment of Superfund Sites; An Overview. Volume I, Number 2. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA, Publication 9345.0-051, December 1991.
Developing a Work Scope for Ecological Assessments. Volume I, Number 4. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA, Publication 9345.0-051, May 1992.
Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment (EPA 630R-92/001, February 1992).
EPA Region I Supplemental Risk Assessment Guidance for the Superfund Program Part 2: Guidance for Ecological Risk Assessment (EPA 90 l/5/89-(X) 1, June 1989).
This report is organized into the following sections:
Section 1 - Introduction (overview, site description, site history, and summary of site investigations)
Section 2 - Evaluation of Site Contamination (data evaluation, statistical analyses, sunmiary of contamination, and fate and transport)
Section 3 - Human Health Risk Assessment Section 4 - Ecological Risk Assessment Section 5 - Summary and Conclusions Section 6 - References
Appendices provide supporting information for relevant sections of the text.
The following sections, 1.2 Site Description, 1.3 Site History, and 1.4 Summary of Site
Investigations, summarize information on the site presented in the Draft Phase 1 A-Initial
Site Characterization (ISC) Report dated January 1994, the Remedial Investigation
Report dated July 1996, and Long Term Monitoring Program (LTMP) reports.
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1.2 Site Description
The Burgess Brothers Superfund site is located in the towns of Woodford and
Bennington, Vermont, about two miles due east ofthe City of Bennington (Figure 1-1).
The site is comprised of an approximately two to three acre section of a 60 acre property
owned by Burgess Brothers, Inc., which currently conducts sand and gravel mining and
metal salvage operations at the property. The site area is located in the northeastern
section of the property, adjacent to the Green Mountain National Forest. Areas
surrounding the property are primarily wooded and undeveloped and are used for
recreational purposes. Portions of the Burgess Brothers property are used for skeet
shooting and as a pistol range by individuals and organizations. Hunters also utilize
areas of the property for big game and small game hunting. Off-road vehicles utilize
trails which cross portions of the property.
The two to three acre site area under investigation consists of a Landfill Area, a 2,000
square foot Former Lagoon Area, a Marshy Area, a Soil Staging Area, and a Hillside
Area (Figure 1-2). A number of drainage swales and intermittent streams discharge into
an unnamed stream which flows along the base of the Landfill Area and into Barney
Brook. Barney Brook discharges to the Walloomsac River South Branch just east of
Bennington Center. Historically the site received primarily municipal-type wastes
which were disposed in the Landfill Area. In the late 1960s through October 1976,
battery processing wastes were disposed in the Former Lagoon Area. Current sand and
gravel excavation and staging operations at the property occur near the Soil Staging Area
of the site.
Waste residues at the site include metals (predominantly lead, nickel, zinc, and
chromium) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene,
dichloroethene). The primary source appears to be the Former Lagoon Area.
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BASE MAP IS A PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS 7.5' SERIES QUADRANGLES: POWNAL, VERMONT, 1954; BENNINGTON, VERMONT, 1954
1000 2000 3000
SCALE-feet QUADRANGLE LOCATION
LOCATION MAP TC Companies, Inc. BURGESS BROTHERS SUPERFUND SITE
WOODFORD AND BENNINGTON, VERMONT Figure 1-1.
1-6
( ) ( )
/ / ' / / Source: O'Brien & Gere Engineers, Inc. Sept 1993
SITE FEATURE MAP
BURGESS BROTHERS SUPERFUND SITE WOODFORD AND BENNINGTON, VERMONT
Companies, Inc.
Figure 1-2.
Vertical gradients in the Marshy Area indicate an upward flow of impacted water from
the landfill, with subsequent discharge into the unnamed stream.
Ground water at the site is classified as Class III by the Vermont Agency of
Environmental Conservation (VTAEC) which is defined as: "Suitable as a source of
water for individual domestic water supply, irrigation, agricultural use and general
industrial and commercial use." During previous investigations, a ground water users
survey was conducted to identify and locate residential, commercial, municipal, and
industrial ground water users within a one mile radius of the site. Two municipal water
supply systems were identified as being within a one mile radius of the site (Ryder
Spring and Morgan Spring). Several private water supply well owners were also
identified as being located within a one mile distance and downgradient of the site.
1.3 Site History
The Burgess Brothers, Inc., property has been used as a source of sand and gravel dating
back to the 1940s. In addition. Burgess Brothers, Inc., is reported to have been involved
in the general demolition of buildings and removal of debris and in some oil spill cleanup
and removal of underground and above ground tanks. The site was also used as a metal
salvage facility and as a disposal area for municipal-type wastes including construction
debris. Test pits installed during the RI indicate the presence of typical municipal-type
refuse such as wood, newspaper, steel, cardboard, and cinders.
In the late 1960s, Burgess Brothers, Inc., began accepting lead plater wastes, lead plater
sludge, battery processing waste, and waste solvents from a Union Carbide Plant located
in Bennington. These wastes were reportedly disposed in an unlined bermed pit (the
Former Lagoon Area). Materials disposed included spent solvents (tetrachloroethene and
trichloroethene) in 55 gallon drums, boxed battery wastes (zinc chloride, ammonium
chloride, ammonium hydroxide and acetylene), anode gel and manganese dioxide cells.
It is the recollection of long time Burgess Brothers employees that all of the liquid waste
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and sludge from Union Carbide went into the Former Lagoon Area. The disposal of the
battery processing waste in the Former Lagoon Area continued through October 1976.
1.4 Summary of Site Investigations
The Burgess Brothers site has been under investigarion since 1984 by the VTDEC.
Placed on the National Priorities List as a Superfund site in March 1989, the site is now
also under the oversight of EPA. The EPA and the Burgess Brothers Superfund Site
Steering Conmiittee entered into a Consent Order for a RI/FS of the site, effective
September 4, 1991.
Geraghty & Miller, a Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) consultant, conducted soil
sampling at the site in 1985 and ground water sampling in 1985 and 1988. In February
of 1989, an EPA contractor, Roy F. Weston, Inc., collected surface water samples.
Subsequent to this, Geraghty & Miller collected ground water and surface water samples
in March 1989. In April of 1989, Roy F. Weston, Inc., conducted a soil gas survey and
performed soil sampling for the EPA. In May 1989, Geraghty & Miller published a
report summarizing the 1988 hydrogeologic investigations conducted at the site. The
April 1989 EPA investigation indicated the presence of trichlorethene and
tetrachloroethene in many samples collected in and adjacent to the Former Lagoon Area.
In the March 1989 ground water sampling program conducted by Geraghty & Miller,
VOCs were detected in downgradient wells west of the unnamed stream in quantities
exceeding 10 ppm which confirmed test results dating back to 1985.
A Limited Field Investigation (LFI) was performed by O'Brien & Gere Engineers, Inc.
during December 1991 and January 1992. The Work Plan for the Phase lA-ISC was
developed based on the results of the LFI and was conditionally approved by EPA in
August 1992. A draft report on activities and findings ofthe Phase lA-ISC was prepared
and submitted for review in January 1994. Activities conducted during the ISC included
a seismic refraction survey; additional soil gas sampling; installation of test pits; air
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monitoring; installation of monitoring wells; an ecological assessment; and sampling and
analysis of surface soils, and subsurface soils, surface water, sediments, leachate, and
groundwater.
Data gaps identified during the review of the Phase 1A-ISC results were addressed
during a Phase IB investigation conducted in 1994. Activities conducted during the
Phase IB investigation included the collecrion of additional soil samples from the
Marshy Area and additional ground water samples.
A Long Term Monitoring Program (LTMP) was established by O'Brien & Gere
Engineers, Inc. in April 1994. The purpose of the LTMP is to monitor air, groundwater,
leachate, and surface water quality in order to determine long term changes in
contaminants detected at the site. Sampling is conducted semi-annually and was initiated
in November 1994 (O'Brien & Gere, 1995). Subsequent, groundwater leachate and
surface water sampling was conducted by ERM-New England, Inc. in May 1995 (ERM,
1995) while groundwater and surface water sampling was conducted in the Fall of 1995
and May 1996 (ERM, 1996).
This risk assessment is based on data collected during the RI and as part of the long-term
monitoring program with the following exception: soils data from the landfill and
lagoon areas are not addressed in the risk assessment as EPA has selected a presumptive
remedylandfill cappingfor addressing these source areas.
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bection Z
2.0 EVALUATION OF SITE CONTAMINATION
The following section describes TRCC's review and evaluation of site data, summarizes
the nature and extent of site contamination, and presents an overview of contaminant fate
and transport issues pertinent to the human health and ecological risk assessment.
2.1 Data Evaluation
This section includes a description of data sources and methods used to statistically
analyze and summarize these data.
2.1.1 Data Sources
The environmental data used to create the risk assessment database consists of data
collected as part ofthe Phase 1 A-ISC, the Phase IB Investigation, and the Long-Term
Monitoring Program conducted by O'Brien & Gere Engineers, and ERM-New England,
Inc., from 1992 to the spring of 1996. Sample analysis data for all site media, except for
air, were provided to TRCC on computer diskette.
TRCC compiled summary statistics for the data collected through 1994. Subsequent to
this effort, additional surface water and ground water samples were collected as part of
the Long-Term Monitoring Program (November 1994, May 1996). Ground water
samples were collected using low-flow techniques. Because EPA has determined that the
inorganic data are better represented by the low-flow results, only the low-flow inorganic
data are used in estimating ground water risks. ERM-New England, Inc. compiled the
ground water inorganic summary statistics used in the risk assessment. ERM-New
England, Inc. also provided TRCC with low-flow organic data collected as part of the
Long Term Monitoring Program.
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TRCC also received Phase 1 A-ISC oversight split sample data collected by the EPA
oversight contractor (Metcalf & Eddy).
2.1.2 Data Review
The current risk assessment database presented in Appendix A-1 includes results for
samples from the following media:
ground water (multiple sampling rounds, including low-flow data);
surface soil (depth of less than twelve inches);
subsurface soil (depths of greater than twelve inches but less than 15 feet);
sediments;
surface water;
leachate; and
air.
Appendix A-2 contains the oversight split sample data collected from the above media.
Table 2-1 presents a list of all samples, analytical parameters, and data groupings
evaluated for the human health and ecological risk assessments, including background
samples. It is important to note that because a Presumptive Remedy has been selected
for the landfill and lagoon areas, soil samples from these areas are not included in the
risk assessment and are not listed in Table 2-1. Table 2-2 presents a summary of the
wells and data used to evaluate inorganics in ground water.
Prior to statistical analysis, site data were reviewed, as described in the following
subsections, for the following:
data validation qualifiers;
duplicate sample results;
re-extracted/re-analyzed results;
diluted results; and
detection limits.
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TABLE 2-1 SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Sample Number
W-OIB-OI
W-OlB-04
W-04B-01
W-04B-02
W-04B-03
W-04B-04
W-04B-04BD
W-OlDI-05
W-01DI-05BD
W-04DI-01
W-04DI-02
W-04DI-03
W-04DI-04
W-04SI-01
W-04SI-01BD
W-04SI-02
W-04SI-03
W-04SI-04
W-07DI-03
W-07SI-01
W-07SI-02
W-07SI-03
W-07SI-04
W-08B-01
W-08B-02
W-08B-O3
W-GBSI-OI
W-08SI-02
W-08SI-03
W-08SI-04
VOCs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SVOCs Pesty Inorganics PCBs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping Sample Number VOCs
Deep Ground Water W-09B-0I X
Deep Ground Water W-09B-02 X
Deep Ground Water W-09B-03 X
Deep Ground Water W-09B-04 X
Deep Ground Water W-09SI-01 X
Deep Ground Water W-09SI-02 X
Deep Ground Water W-09SI-03 X
Deep Ground Water W-09SI-04 X
Deep Ground Water W-25DI-01 X
Deep Ground Water W-25DI-02 X
Deep Ground Water W-25DI-03 X
Deep Ground Water W-25DI-04 X
Deep Ground Water W-25SI-01 X
Deep Ground Water W-25SI-02 X
Deep Ground Water W-25SI-03 X
Deep Ground Water W-25SI-04 X
Deep Ground Water W-25SI-04BD X
Deep Ground Water W-OlB-02 X
Deep Ground Water W-OlB-03 X
Deep Ground Water W-OlB-11
Deep Ground Water W-OlB-12
Deep Ground Water W-04SI-1I
Deep Ground Water W-04SI-I2
Deep Ground Water W-04SI-12BD
Deep Ground Water W-04SI-13
Deep Ground Water W-04B-11
Deep Ground Water W-04B-12
Deep Ground Water W-07SI-12
Deep Ground Water W-09SI-11
Deep Ground Water W-09SI-12
SVOCs Pesty Inorganics PCBs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping Sample Number VOCs SVOCs Pesty Inorganics
PCBs
Deep Ground Water W-09SI-I3 X
Shallow Ground Water W-01-4
Deep Ground Water W-09B-11 X
Deep Ground Water W-09B-12 X
Deep Ground Water W-OlDI-12 X
Deep Ground Water W-04DI-1I X
Deep Ground Water W-04DI-12 X
Shallow Ground Water SBW-10-OI X X
Shallow Ground Water SBW-10-OlBD X X
Shallow Ground Water SBW-10-02 X X
Shallow Ground Water SBW-10-03 X X
Shallow Ground Water SBW-11-03 X
Shallow Ground Water W-01-04 X
Shallow Ground Water W-01-05 X
Shallow Ground Water W-OllSI-OI X
Shallow Ground Water w-onsi-02 X
Shallow Ground Water W-01IS1-02BD X
Shallow Ground Water W-OllSl-03 X
Shallow Ground Water W-OlSl-01 X X
Shallow Ground Water W-OlSl-02 X X
Shallow Ground Water W-OlSl-03 X X
Shallow Ground Water W-OlSl-04 X
Shallow Ground Water W-02-01 X X X
Shallow Ground Water W-02-01BD X
Shallow Ground Water W-02-02 X X X
Shallow Ground Water W-02-03 X X X
Shallow Ground Water W-02-03BD X X X
Shallow Ground Water W-03-0I X X
Shallow Ground Water W-03-02 X X
Shallow Ground Water W-03-03 X X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Sample Number
W-03T-01
W-03T-02
W-03T-03
W-04D-01
W-04D-02
W-04D-03
W-04S-01
W-04S-02
W-04S-03
W-04T-05
W-05-01
W-05-02
W-05-02BD
W-05-03
W-06D-01
W-06D-02
W-06D-02BD
W-06D-03
W-06S-01
W-06S-02
W-06S-03
W-07S1-01
W-07S1-02
W-07S1-02BD
W-07S1-03
W-07S1-04
W-08SI-OI
W-08S1-02
W-08S1-O3
W-08S1-04
VOCs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SVOCs Pesty Inorganics PCBs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Sample Number
W-09S1-01
W-09S1-02
W-09S1-03
W-09SI-04
W-llSI-01
W-llSl-02
W-llSl-03
W-llSl-04
W-12S1-01
W-I2SI-02
W-12S1-03
W-I2SI-04
W-22SI-0I
W-22S1-02
W-22S1-02BD
W-22SI-03
W-22SI-04
W-22T-05
W-23T-01
W-23T-02
W-23T-03
W-24T-01
W-24T-02
W-24T-03
W-24T-03BD
W-25S1-0I
W-25S1-02
W-25S1-03
W-25S1-04
W-26T-05
VOCs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SVOCs Pesty Inorganics PCBs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Shallow Ground Water
Sample Number
W-27T-05
W-OlSl-11
W-OlSl-12
W-23T-12
W-08SI-13
W-08S1-13BD
W-09S1-II
W-09S1-12
W-25S1-II
W-25S1-12
W-25S1-13
W-27S1-11
W-27S1-13
W-06D-12
W-llSl-11
W-11SI-I2
W-01-I2
W-OI-13
W-27T-12
W-22T-11
W-22T-12
W-26T-11
W-04T-11
W-04T-12
W-04T-12BD
W-22S1-11
W-22S1-12
W-22S1-13
W-27S1-13
W-27S1-05
VOCs SVOCs Pesty PCBs
X
X
Inorganics
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping Sample Number VOCs SVOCs Pesty Inorganics
PCBs
Soil Boring/Subsurface SB-22-05 4-6' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface SB-23-05 6-7' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface SB-23-05-BD 6-7' X
1 Soil Boring/Subsurface SB-24-05 2-4' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface SB-25-05 2-4' X
1 Soil Boring/Subsurface SBW-IO 10-12' X X X X
Soil Boring/Subsurface SBW-10 14-16' X X X X
Soil Boring/Subsurface SBW-10 8-10' X X X X
Soil Boring/Subsurface SBW-IOBD 14-16' X X X X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-OlSI-05 4-6' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-01 SI 10-12' X X X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-01 SI 6-8' X X X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-03T 10-12' X
1 Soil Boring/Subsurface W-03T 12-14' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-03 T 2-4' X
1 Soil Boring/Subsurface W-03 T 6-8' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-03 T 8-10' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-04 B(AB) 0-3' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-04B(AB) 11-13' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-04 B(AB) 15-17' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-04 B(AB) 3-5' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-04 B(AB) 5-7' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-04 B(AB) 7-9' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-04B(AB)9-ir X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-04 B(AB)BD 9-1 r X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-1IS12-4' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-11SI4-6' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-11S16-8' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-11S18-10' X
Soil Boring/Subsurface W-22S1 10-12' X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping
Soil Boring/Subsurface
Soil Boring/Subsurface
Soil Boring/Subsurface
Soil Boring/Subsurface
Soil Boring/Subsurface
Soil Boring/Subsurface
Soil Boring/Subsurface
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Sample Number
W-22S14-6'
W-22SI6-8'
W-22S1 8-10'
W-22S1BD6-8'
W-23T4-6'
W-23TBD 4-6'
W-24T 10-12'
SP-02 0-10"
SP-02 0-I2"
SP-02 5-7"
SB-22-05 0-2'
SB-23-05 0-2'
SB-24-05 0-2'
SB-25-05 0-2'
SBW-10 0-10"
SBW-13 0-I2"
SBW-13 5-7"
SBW-13BD0-12"
SBW-13BD5-7"
SP-01 O-IO"
SP-01 5-7"
SP-16 0-12"
SP-I6 5-7"
SP-17 0-12"
SP-17 5-7"
SP-18 0-12"
SP-18 5-7"
SP-19 0-12"
SP-19 4-7"
SP-20 0-12"
VOCs SVOCs Pesty PCBs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
Inorganics
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface SoilAVet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface SoilAVet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface SoilAVet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow
Sample Number
SP-20 1-7"
SP-21 0-12"
SP-21 5-7"
W-07S2 0-12"
W-07 S2 4-7"
W-08S2 0-12"
W-08 S2 5-7"
W-25S2 0-12"
W-25 S2 5-7"
W-llSlO-2 '
W-04 S2 0-12"
W-04 S2 5-7"
W-12S2 0-12"
W-I2S2 5-7"
SP-07 0-12"
SP-07 5-7"
SP-08 0-12"
SP-08 5-7"
SP-09 0-12"
SP-09 4-7"
SP-10 0-12"
SP-10 5-7"
SP-11 0-12"
SP-115-7"
SP-12 0-12"
SP-12 5-7"
SP-23-05 5-7"
SP-24-05 5-7"
SP-25-05 5-7"
SP-26-05 5-7"
VOCs SVOCs Pesty PCBs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Inorganics
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) S t . ^ SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping Sample Number VOCs SVOCs Pesty Inorganics
PCBs
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-26-05-BD 5-7" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-27-05 5-7" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-28-05 5-7" X
Surface SoilAVet Meadow SP-29-05 5-7" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-30-05 5-7" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-23-05 0-12" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-24-05 0-12" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-25-05 0-12" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-26-05 0-12" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-26-05BD0-12" X
Surface SoilAVet Meadow SP-27-05 0-12" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-28-05 0-12" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-29-05 0-12" X
Surface Soil/Wet Meadow SP-30-05 0-12" X
Leachate LS-1 X X X
Leachate LS-1-02 X
Leachate LS-2 X X X X
Leachate LS-3 X X X X
Leachate LS-3BD X X X X
Background Sediment SED-OlA-01 X X X X
Background Sediment SED-OlA-02 X X X X
Background Sediment SED-OIB-01 X X X X
Background Sediment SED-OlB-02 X X X X
Background Sediment SED-06-01 X X
Background Sediment SED-06-02 X X
Background Sediment SED-13-01 X X X X
Background Sediment SED-13-02 X X X X
Background Sediment SED-08-01 X X X X
Background Sediment SED-08-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-10-01 X X X X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR 1 HE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping Sample Number VOCs SVOCs Pesty Inorganics
PCBs
Sediment SED-02-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-02-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-03-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-03-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-04-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-04-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-04-02BD X X X X
Sediment SED-05-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-05-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-07-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-07-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-09-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-09-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-10-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-11-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-11-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-11-03 X X
Sediment SED-11-03BD X
Sediment SED-12-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-12-01 BD X X X X
Sediment SED-12-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-12-03 X X
Sediment SED-14-01 X X X X
Sediment SED-14-02 X X X X
Sediment SED-14-03 X X
Sediment SED-15-01 X X X
Sediment SED-15-02 X X
Background Surface Water SW-OlB-01 X X X
Background Surface Water SW-OlB-02 X X X
Background Surface Water SW-06-01 X X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) ^Sm*' SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping Sample Number VOCs SVOCs Pesty Inorganics
PCBs
Background Surface Water SW-06-02 X X
Surface Water SW-11-03 X
Background Surface Water SW-06-03 X X
Background Surface Water SW-13-02 X X X X
Background Surface Water Filtered SW-06-03-F X
Background Surface Water SW-08-02 X X X X
Surface Water S W-02-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-02-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-03-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-03-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-03-03 X X
Surface Water SW-04-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-04-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-04-02BD X X X X
Surface Water SW-04-03 X X
Surface Water SW-05-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-05-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-05-03 X X
Surface Water SW-07-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-07-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-07-03 X X
Surface Water SW-09-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-09-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-10-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-10-OlBD X
Surface Water SW-10-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-11-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-11-02 X X X X
X
Surface Water SW-12-0I X X X X
Surface Water SW-12-01BD X X X X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) ^ w SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping Sample Number VOCs SVOCs Pesty Inorganics
PCBs
Surface Water SW-12-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-12-03 X X
Surface Water SW-14-01 X X X X
Surface Water SW-14-02 X X X X
Surface Water SW-14-03 X X
Surface Water SW-15-01 X X
Surface Water SW-15-02 X X
Surface Water SW-15-03 X X
Surface Water SW-16-03 X X
Surface Water SW-17-03 X X
Surface Water SW-17-03BD X X
Surface Water SW-17-04 X X
Surface Water Filtered SW-17-03-FBD X X
Surface Water Filtered SW-03-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-04-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-05-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-07-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-11-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-12-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-14-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-15-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-16-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-17-03-F X
Surface Water Filtered SW-17-04-F X
Air Exclusion Zone AS-Ol-V X X
Air Downwind AS-07-V X X
Air Upwind AS-02-V X X
Air Upwind AS-04-V X X
Air Downwind AS-03-V X X
Air Downwind AS-05-V X X
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TABLE 2-1 (Continued) SAMPLE INVENTORY - BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
MASTER LIST OF GROUPINGS, SAMPLE NUMBERS, AND ANALYSES
FOR THE BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
Sample Grouping Sample Number VOCs
Air Downwind AS-06-V X
Residential Wells DICKINSON-05
Residential Wells DICKINSON-03 X
Residential Wells DICKINSON-04 X
Residential Wells DICKINSON-04BD X
Residential Wells OLIN-03 X
Residential Wells OLIN-04 X
Residential Wells RYDER SPG-04 X
Residential Wells RYDSPR-03 X
Residential Wells RYDSPR-03BD X
Residential Wells Ryder Spring-03
Residential Wells OLIN-01 X
Residential Wells DICKINSON-01 X
SVOCs Pesty Inorganics
PCBs
X
X
X
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TABLE 2-2
SUMMARY OF WELLS AND DATA USED IN STATISTICS FOR INORGANIC DATA
BURGESS BROTHERS RISK ASSESSMENT
S&*. '
Well Well Classification Identincation
DATA USED
Spring 95 Fall 95 Spring 96
Shallow Kame Sand - Shallow Water Table Wells
W-01 X X
W-Ol-Sl X ^
W.06D X
W-08-S1 X*
W-09-S1 X X
W-ll-Sl x ^
W-22-S1 x X X
W-25-S1 X X X
W-27-S1 X X
Ablation Glacial Till Wells
W.04T X X*
W-22T X X
W-23T X
W-26T X
W-27T X
Deep Weathered Bedrock - Shallow Intermediate Wells
W-04-SI X X* X
W-07-SI X
W-09-SI X X*
Weathered Bedrock - Deep Intermediate Wells
W-Ol-DI X
W-04-DI X X
Competent Bedrock - Bedrock Wells
W-OIB X X
W-04B X X
W-09B X X
*Data used is an average between sample and blind duplicate.
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Validation qualifiers were treated according to EPA guidance (EPA, 1989a). Rejected results ^ w .
("R" qualifier) were eliminated from the risk assessment database. Non-detect results ("U"
qualifier) were included only if other results for a given chemical in a particular medium/area
indicated the chemical was present. In these instances, half the reported sample quantitation
limit was used in the risk assessment. Estimated results, usually indicated by a "J" qualifier,
were treated in the same manner as positive data with no qualifiers (see Appendix A-1).
Duplicates of the following samples were included in the database submitted by O'Brien & Gere:
W-04B-04 and W-04B-04BD
W-04S1-01 andW-04Sl-01BD
W-25S1-04 and W-25S1-04BD
W-04B-04-F and W-04B-04-FBD
W-04Sl-01-FandW-04Sl-01-FBD
W-25S1-04-F and W-25S1-04-FBD
SWB-10-01 andSBW-10-OlBD
W-011 -S1 -02 and W-011 -S1-02BD
W-02-01 andW-02-OlBD
W-02-03 and W-02-03BD
W-05-02 and W-05-02BD
W-06D-02 and W-06D-02BD
W-22S1-02 and W-22S1-02BD
W-24T-03 and W-24T-03BD
SBW-10-Ol-F and SBW-10-Ol-FBD
W-02-03-F and W-02-03-FBD
W-05-02-F and W-05-02-FBD
W-06D-02-F and W-06D-02-FBD
W-24T-03-F and W-24T-03-FBD
SB-23-05 6-7' and SB-23-05-BD 6-7'
SBW-10 14-16' and SBW-IOBD 14-16'
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W-04S1 9-11' and W-04S1 BD 9-11'
W-22 SI 6-8' and W-22 SIBD 6-8'
W-23T 4-6' and W-23TBD 4-6'
SBW-13 0-12" and SBW-13BD 0-12"
SBW-13 5-7" and SBW-13BD 5-7"
SP-26-05 and SP-26-05-BD
LS-3 and LS-3BD
SED-04-02 and SED-04-02BD
SED-11-03 and SED-11-03BD
SED-12-01 and SED-12-0IBD
SW-OlB-02 and SW-01B-02BD
SW-04-02 and SW-04-02BD
SW-10-01 andSW-10-OlBD
SW-12-01andSW-12-01BD
SW-17-03 and SW-17-03BD
W-OlDI-05 and W-01DI-05BD
W-25SI-04 and W-25SI-04BD
W-07-S1-02 and W-07-S1-02BD
W-04B(AB) 9'-l 1' and W-04B(AB)BD 9'-l 1'
SP-26-05 5"-7" and SP-26-05BD 5"-7"
SP-26-05 0"-12" and SP-26-05BD 0"-12"
SW-17-03-Fand SW-17-03-FBD
DICKINSON-04 and DICKINSON-04BD
RYDSPR-03 and RYDSPR-03BD
In most cases, the results of the duplicate samples were averaged. The resulting value
was the arithmetic mean of positive results or the arithmetic mean of the reported
detection limits if both samples were non-detects. However, if a positive value was
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reported for one sample of the duplicate pair and the other value was a negative result * * . -
(non-detect), the positive result was used.
Several samples required re-analysis and/or re-extraction. The decision of whether to use
the original or the re-extracted/re-analyzed result was made by O'Brien & Gere (1994).
Except for duplicates, only one result per sample was used in this risk assessment.
In a few instances mean concentrations exceeded maximum concentrations because of
elevated sample quantitation/detection limits. The elevated detection limits typically
occurred when a chemically similar compound was highly elevated in the same sample.
Matrix interferences may also have contributed. The determination of exposure point
concentrations in these cases is discussed in Section 2.2 below.
2.2 Statistical Analyses
Summary statistics for all chemicals detected in each medium evaluated, except ambient
air, in the human health and ecological risk assessments are presented in Appendix A-1.
Reported detected concentrations of ambient air contaminants, as presented in Tables 42
and 43 ofthe Final Remedial Investigation Report (O'Brien & Gere, 1996), are shown on
the final table of this appendix. Several of the medium-specific summary statistics are
further divided into subgroups. The data groupings are determined by the exposure
scenarios developed in Sections 3.2 and 4.3, Exposure Assessment sections for the
human health and ecological risk assessments, respectively. The data groupings are as
follows:
Shallow Ground Water
Deep Ground Water
Surface Soils
Surface and Subsurface Soils
Surface Water (total and dissolved)
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Upgradient Surface Water (total and dissolved)
Sediments
Upgradient Sediments
Leachate
Wet Meadow (combined grouping of surface soils and sediments)
Ambient Air
Appendix A-1 tables, for the media quantitatively evaluated in the risk assessment, list
frequency of detection, number of samples analyzed (excluding rejected sample results),
the lowest and highest detected concentrations, the location of the highest concentration,
the arithmetic mean concentration, the lowest and highest detection limits for non-detect
results, applicable Federal Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL) and Vermont
Enforcement Standards, number of times reported ground water concentration exceeded
MCLs, and Contaminant of Concern (COC) selection rationale. All data from the Phase
1A and IB Remedial Investigation were analyzed using SAS^" , a widely-used statistical
software package (SAS Institute Inc., 1988). Data from the LTMP (Spring 1995, Fall
1995, and Spring 1996) were compiled by ERM-New England, Inc.
Use of the arithmetic mean concentration to represent the average concentration is based
on EPA-New England risk assessment guidance current during the development phase of
this Risk Assessment, which recommended the arithmetic mean for estimating long-term
average exposure. As directed by EPA-New England, in cases where the average
concentration exceeded the maximum due to elevated detection limits, the average
concentration is set equal to the maximum when quantitatively estimating site risks. The
few instances where this occurred are noted in Section 3.4 Risk Characterization. Risk
calculations for the "average case" scenario were based on the arithmetic mean
concentration. Calculations for the "reasonable worst case" scenario were based on the
maximum detected concentration.
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2.3 Summary of Site Contamination
The following subsections briefly summarize contamination at the Burgess Brothers site,
based on the results ofthe Phase 1 A-ISC, Phase IB Investigation, and LTMP. Sampling
locations are shown in Figures 2-1 and 2-2. Contamination is discussed below for each
evaluated medium: ground water, surface and subsurface soils, surface water, leachate,
sediments, and air. The discussion is based on the summary statistics prepared for the
baseline risk assessment presented in Appendix A-1.
2.3.1 Groundwater Contamination
Shallow Ground Water Contamination
A total of 18 VOCs were detected in 71 shallow ground water samples analyzed for
VOCs (excluding duplicate and rejected sample results during the Phase 1 A-ISC and
Phase IB investigations). Trichloroethene, 1,2-dichloroethene, tetrachloroethene, and
vinyl chloride were detected most frequently, in 40, 33, 19, and 12 samples, respectively.
Three VOCs were detected in only one sample; the remaining VOCs were detected in
two to eight samples.
The four VOCs that were detected most frequently also had the highest maximum
concentrations: trichloroethene (34,000 |ig/L in monitoring well W-22S1-01), 1,2
dichloroethene (22,000 ng/L in monitoring well W-03-01), tetrachloroethene (10,000
|ig/L in monitoring well W-03-01), and vinyl chloride (2,300 pg/L in monitoring well W
1 IS 1-02). The highest detected concentrations of the remaining VOCs ranged from 12
ng/L to 1,600 ng/L.
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The maximum detected concentrations of the following VOCs exceeded Federal
Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) and Vermont Primary Ground Water Quality
Standards by one to five orders-of-magnitude: 1,1-dichloroethene, 1,2-dichloroethene,
benzene, methylene chloride, tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, and vinyl chloride.
Four other VOCs exceeded drinking water standards by less than an order-of-magnitude,
including 2-butanone, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, and chloroform.
A total of eight base/neutral-acid extractable compounds (BNAs) were detected in 39
shallow ground water samples analyzed for BNAs. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate was
detected most frequently, in five samples, with a maximum concentration of 7.3 fJg/L.
Most of the other BNAs were detected only once. Phenol and pyrene had the highest
concentrations of all BNAs, at 29 pg/L in monitoring well W-04S-02 and 25 pg/L in
monitoring well W-02-02, respectively. The remaining seven BNAs were all detected at
concentrations equal to or less than 12 pg/L.
A total of 20 inorganic compounds were detected in 25 shallow groundwater samples
analyzed for inorganics. Barium, calcium, and magnesium were detected in all samples.
Ofthe analytes detected, iron, manganese, and thallium exceeded MCLs in 10, 16, and 2
samples, respectively.
Organic data were also collected and analyzed, during the LTMP low-flow sampling
rounds, and provided in Appendix A-3. Detected organic concentrations are comparable
to the results of earlier sampling rounds.
Deep Ground Water Contamination
A total of eight VOCs were detected in 45 deep ground water samples (excluding
duplicate and rejected sample results). Acetone, carbon disulfide, and chloroform were
each detected four times; the remaining five VOCs (1,2-dichloroethene,
tetrachloroethene, toluene, trichloroethene, and xylene) were detected only once.
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Acetone had the highest concentration of all VOCs, at 21 pg/L in monitoring well W
08SI-01. The other VOCs were all detected at concentrations less than 10 pg/L.
Tetrachloroethene was detected at a concentration approximately equal to the Vermont
Enforcement Standard but below the Federal MCL.
Only four BNAs were detected in the 22 deep ground water samples analyzed. Bis(2
ethylhexyl)phthalate was detected most frequently, in 8 ofthe 21 samples. The other
three BNAs were detected in only one or two samples. Benzoic acid showed the highest
concentration, at 33 pg/L in monitoring well W-07DI-03. The other three BNAs were
detected at concentrations less than 10 pg/L.
A total of 16 inorganic compounds were detected in deep groundwater samples analyzed
for inorganics. Of the inorganic compounds detected, iron and manganese exceeded
MCLs in 7 and 6 samples, respectively.
2.3.2 Soil Contamination
Surface Soil Contamination
Surface soil contamination at the Burgess Brothers Superfund site was characterized
using the soil samples collected from 0 to 1 foot below ground surface (BGS). Fifteen
VOCs were detected in the 36 surface soil samples analyzed for VOCs. Acetone was
detected most frequently in 14 of the 36 samples. The remaining VOCs were detected in
one to eight samples. 1,2-Dichloroethene and toluene were detected at the highest
concentrations, at 66,CXX) pg/kg and 15,(XX) pg/kg, respectively. The highest
concentrations of most VOCs were found in sample SP-07 (5-7"), collected just east of
the Former Lagoon Area.
Eleven BNAs were detected in the five samples analyzed for BNAs; all were detected
only once and in sample SP-07 (0-12"). Fluoranthrene, phenanthrene, and pyrene
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^
showed the highest concentrations, at 12,000 pg/kg, 14,000 pg/kg, and 12,000 pg/kg,
respectively.
Twenty-four inorganics were detected in 31 surface soil samples. Sixteen inorganics
were detected in all 31 samples; the remaining inorganics were detected in 1 to 29
samples.
Subsurface Soil Contamination
Samples collected from 12" to 15' BGS were classified as subsurface samples. Nine
VOCs were detected in the 31 subsurface samples analyzed for VOCs. 1,2
Dichloroethene, acetone, tetrachloroethene, and trichloroethene were detected most
frequently, in 8 to 20 samples. The remaining VOCs were detected in one to four
samples. The highest concentrations for most VOCs detected were reported in samples
collected from boring W-11 SI located to the east of the Former Lagoon Area. The
highest concentrations detected were for 1,2-dichloroethene (total) at 620 pg/kg and
tetrachloroethene at 340 pg/kg.
BNAs were not detected in the six samples analyzed for BNAs. Pesticides/PCBs were
also not detected in the three subsurface samples analyzed for these contaminants.
Nineteen inorganics were detected in the six subsurface samples analyzed for inorganics.
Seventeen inorganics were detected in all six samples.
Deep Soil Contamination
Samples collected at depths greater than 15' BGS were classified as deep.
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Only four VOCs were detected in the three deep samples analyzed for VOCs. These
were 1,2-dichloroethene, acetone, tetrachloroethene, and trichloroethene.
Trichloroethene had the highest concentration at 170 pg/kg in W-22T-05 (17 - 19').
Nineteen inorganics were detected in the two deep soil samples. Seventeen of the
inorganics were detected in both samples. Mercury was detected only once (in
W-0 IB).
2.3.3 Surface Water, Sediment, and Leachate Contamination
Surface Water Contamination
Seventeen VOCs were detected in the 34 surface water samples collected at the site.
1,2-Dichloroethene, trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene, and vinyl chloride were detected
most frequently, in 15 to 24 ofthe samples. These constituents also had the highest
concentrations of all VOCs, ranging from 97 pg/L (tetrachloroethene) to 2,623 pg/L (1,2
dichloroethene). The highest concentrations of most VOCs were detected in sample
SW-02-01.
Twenty-two inorganic constituents were detected in the 34 unfiltered surface water
samples analyzed for inorganics. Barium, calcium, iron, magnesium, and manganese
were detected in all samples. Aluminum, lead, and potassium were detected in more than
one half of the samples. The remaining inorganics were detected in 1 to 12 samples.
The highest concentrations of all inorganics detected in the surface water samples
exceeded those detected in the six upgradient unfiltered samples. The highest
concentrations of barium, chromium, iron, and manganese exceeded concentrations
detected in upgradient samples by one order-of-magnitude or more.
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Eight inorganics detected in one or more of the surface water samples, were not detected
in the any of the six upgradient samples. These inorganics are arsenic, cobalt, cyanide,
mercury, nickel, selenium, vanadium, and zinc.
The concentrations of inorganics in the filtered samples for both the surface water
samples and the upgradient samples were generally lower than those detected in the
unfiltered samples.
Sediment Contamination
Eleven VOCs were detected in the 27 sediment samples analyzed for VOCs. Acetone,
trichloroethene, and 1,2-dichloroethene were detected most frequently, in 7 to 17 ofthe
samples. The remaining VOCs were detected from 2 to 6 times. Acetone,
trichloroethene, and 1,2-dichloroethene also had the highest concentrations at 635 pg/kg,
520 pg/kg, and 1,700 pg/kg, respectively.
Four BNAs were detected in 23 sediment samples analyzed for BNAs:
ben2o(b)fluoranthene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, and pyrene. All four were detected in
sample SED-05-02, with concentrations ranging from 480 pg/kg to 780 pg/kg.
The sediment sample SED-05-02 showed up to 6.4 pg/kg of 4,4'-DDT and 74 pg/kg of
PCB-1254.
Twenty-two inorganic constituents were detected in one or more of the 27 samples
analyzed for inorganics. Over half of the inorganics were detected in all 27 samples.
The highest concentrations of most inorganics detected in the sediment samples were
higher than those detected in the upgradient sediment samples, but by less than one
order-of-magnitude.
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Leachate Contamination
Four VOCs and one BNA were detected in the three leachate samples analyzed,
including 1,2-dichloroethene at up to 1,800 pg/L in LS-3, acetone at up to 21 pg/L in LS
2, tetrachloroethene at up to 9,300 pg/L in LS-3, trichloroethene at up to 26,000 pg/L in
LS-3, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene at up to 16 pg/L in LS-3.
Twenty-two inorganics were detected as well; ten were detected in all three samples.
2.3.4 Air Contamination
The air quality assessment program was designed to monitor worst case conditions at the
Burgess Superfund site. To meet this objective, seven air samples were collected during
invasive activities in the Former Lagoon Area. However, because only one of the air
sampling stations was located downwind of the invasive activities, results may not be
representative of ambient air conditions. Additional studies may be necessary to assess
air quality at locations further downwind of the landfill/lagoon area during invasive
activities conducted in the future.
The following organic constituents were detected in one or more of the air samples
collected: 2-butanone, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, ethylbenzene, m,p,-xylene,
o-xylene, tetrachloroethene, toluene, and trichloroethene. Toluene and m,p-xylene were
detected in all seven samples. Trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene showed the highest
concentrations from the sample collected in the exclusion zone, at 37 pg/m' and 32
pg/m\ respectively.
2.4 Contaminant Fate and Transport
This discussion integrates the geology, hydrology, and nature and extent of
contamination with physical and chemical characteristics of the contaminants detected.
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The evaluation is qualitative, focusing on the contaminants that are of primary concern
from a human health and ecological risk perspective. The discussion provides a separate
analysis for the following chemical classes: VOCs, BNAs, PCBs/pesticides, and
inorganics.
2.4.1 Known and Potential Source Areas
At the Burgess Brothers site, the principal contamination source area is the Former
Lagoon Area of the landfill where spent solvents and other wastes from local industry
were disposed in an unlined pit. Most notable are the high levels of chlorinated VOCs
(in the ppm range) in this pit and the underlying soils. Other potential sources include
the remaining areas of the landfill itself, as well as the tank salvaging area.
2.4.2 Potential Routes of Migration
Contamination at the site will be transported from source areas to uncontaminated areas
by the movement of contaminated media via several natural processes. Contaminant
transport from the source areas at the Burgess Brothers site may occur through the
following mechanisms:
advective and dispersive transport with ground water in the overburden;
surface water transport in areas where ground water discharges to surface water (e.g.. Marshy Area and unnamed stream);
erosion and transport of contaminated surface soils and sediments via storm water and melt water runoff to drainageways and surface water;
volatilization of VOCs to the atmosphere from contaminated soils or leachate.
Although several potential transport mechanisms have been identified, advective and
dispersive transport through ground water appears to be the primary transport mechanism
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of transport of contaminants from the Former Lagoon Area and other source areas.
Movement of contaminated sediment via erosion, transport, and re-deposition is also
likely but will have less significance since this process generally results in only localized
transport.
2.4.3 Contaminant Transport
VOCs, BNAs, pesticides, PCBs, and inorganics have been identified in ground water,
surface soils, surface water, sediments, leachate, and/or ambient air. Transfer of
contaminants between different media may occur by several processes that will vary for
each class of contaminants. The general processes associated with each contaminant
class are discussed separately. The discussion that follows focuses on the two
predominant transport processes: advective and dispersive transport through ground
water; and erosion, transport, and re-deposition in soils and sediments.
2.4.3.1 Ground Water Transport
The hydrogeologic environment in the immediate site vicinity is defined by several
water-bearing units (aquifers): landfill materials overlying progressively deeper layers of
kame sand deposits, glacial till, weathered bedrock, and competent bedrock. The RI
Report (O'Brien & Gere, 1994) indicates that these five water-bearing units functionally
act as two aquifers because the highly compact, dense glacial till and silty clay in the
weathered bedrock function as low permeability layers separating zones of higher water
conductivity. These low permeability layers are continuous across the Burgess Brothers
site and are 35 to 75 feet thick (till) and 180 to 360 feet thick (weathered bedrock).
Therefore, for the purposes of this discussion, the hydrogeologic environment is defined
by two water-bearing zones: a shallow aquifer consisting of landfill materials, kame
sand deposits, and the loose upper portion of the glacial till; and a deep aquifer composed
of competent bedrock.
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Organic and inorganic contamination has been documented in the shallow aquifer near
known source areas. These contaminants were most likely leached (dissolved) from the
source areas by infiltrating precipitation or migrated downward as free phase product
under the influence of gravity. Dissolved ground water contaminants will be transported
in the direction of shallow ground water flow which trends in a southerly radial pattern
towards the Marshy Area and unnamed stream located south of the landfill.
Contaminants dissolved in ground water are likely to be transported into these surface
water bodies because a component of ground water flows beneath two source areas (the
Landfill Area and Former Lagoon Area) and discharges into the Marshy Area and
unnamed stream. Data on flow directions in the deep aquifer are inconclusive.
2.4.3.1.1 Volatile Organic Compounds
Transport of VOCs in the shallow aquifer ground water occurs primarily by advection
with ground water flow. Lateral spreading generally occurs via hydrodynamic and
molecular dispersion. Ground water flows downgradient from the Landfill Area and
Former Lagoon Area and discharges, at least partially, into the Marshy Area and
unnamed stream. Some component of ground water flow may not discharge to the
surface, but may instead remain below the surface and continue flowing further
downgradient. The detection of trace to low levels of VOCs in the deep bedrock aquifer
suggests that contaminants may be penetrating through the till and weathered bedrock
layers which separate the shallow aquifer from the deep aquifer. Ground water also
discharges to the surface via seeps observed along the base of the landfill.
The highest VOC concentrations in ground water were detected in the Landfill Area and
Former Lagoon Area. Concentrations in ground water generally diminish with
increasing distance from the landfill. The VOCs identified in ground water at the
Burgess Brothers site are moderately to highly soluble in water and are therefore mobile
in ground water. Several factors may contribute to this attenuation, including:
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dispersion; adsorption to subsurface organic matter and colloidal particles; degradation via biotic or abiotic processes; and volatilization.
Dispersion, the diffusion of contaminants from higher concentrations to lower, as a
mechanism of transport, serves to decrease contaminant concentrations in ground water
as the distance from the source increases.
Adsorption to geologic materials in the aquifer is unlikely to retard or otherwise diminish
ground water concentrations since the detected VOCs exhibit little propensity for
sorption.
Contaminant degradation may occur via biotic processes involving microorganisms
(referred to as biodegradation) or by natural chemical degradation processes which do
not involve microorganisms (referred to a abiotic degradation). While both processes
may diminish contaminant concentrations, biotic processes are likely to play the most
significant degradation role because the detected VOCs are easily degraded by
microorganisms and the landfill creates a favorable environment for microbial growth
and activity. The presence of vinyl chloride and dichlorinated ethanes/ethenes in ground
water at the Burgess Brothers site is likely attributed to biotic/abiotic degradation of
trichloroethene or tetrachloroethene. It is likely that the concentrations of vinyl chloride
will increase as the parent and intermediates continue to degrade.
2.4.3.1.2 Base-Neutral/Acid Extractable Organics
Few BNAs (e.g., phenol, 4-methylphenol, dichlorobenzenes, naphthalene, and pyrene)
were identified in shallow or deep ground water. Most concentrations were minimal (at
or near the detection limits). With high water solubilities, phenol and 4-methylphenol
can be readily transported in the direction of ground water flow. Little attenuation will
occur from adsorption given their low organic carbon partition coefficient (Koc) and log
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octanol water partition coefficient (Kow) values of these two compounds. The other
detected BNAs (e.g., pyrene) are not as mobile as the phenolic compounds. The
nonphenolic compounds exhibit moderate to high propensities for sorption to geologic
materials. Therefore, transport of these compounds is expected to be limited.
2.4.3.1.3 Inorganics
Transport of inorganics is most likely to occur in two manners: transport as species
dissolved in ground water and transport as a particulate adsorbed to particulates or
colloids suspended in ground water. In the shallow aquifer, most inorganics appear to be
in the form of suspended material (particulates or colloids) as indicated by the higher
concentrations in the unfiltered (total) samples than in filtered (dissolved) samples. In
the deeper aquifer, concentrations of inorganics in filtered and unfiltered samples are
nearly equivalent suggesting dissolved species as the predominant inorganic form. In the
dissolved from, inorganics are expected to be more mobile than those in the suspended
form. These dissolved inorganics will be transported easily through the aquifer to
downgradient locations. Concentrations will be diminished by dispersion, dilution, and
adsorption to geologic materials. Unlike dissolved inorganics, transport of those in the
suspended form will be impeded by geologic material. Only limited downgradient
transport is predicted for these contaminants.
Inorganic contaminants in ground water are likely to be introduced to the Marshy Area
and unnamed stream as contaminated ground water discharges to these surface water
bodies.
2.4.3.2 Surface Transport
Contaminant transport at the surface of the Burgess Brothers site is controlled by
topographic features as well as soil characteristics (e.g., permeability) and degree of
vegetation. Surface contaminants dissolve in precipitation and infiltrate the ground
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surface when soils are permeable and highly vegetated. As typical of many landfills, the
area of former disposal is mounded. The surface cover atop the Landfill Area is pitched
in a manner that directs runoff away from the center towards the steeply sloped outer toe
of the landfill. Leachate seeps have been observed along all but the eastem and
southeastern toes. The discharging leachate with associated contaminants flows down
the slope of the toe.
Contaminants may be introduced to the surface as ground water and leachate discharges
to the surface in the Marshy Area and drainage swale along the eastern and southern
bases of the landfill. These low-lying areas may also receive contaminants that erode or
dissolve from surrounding source areas which are at higher elevations. Dissolved
contaminants are easily transported with flowing water through the drainage swale and
into the unnamed stream, and may eventually be discharged into Barney Brook. Eroded
contaminants will be transported and redeposited along this drainage system.
Along the western perimeter of the landfill, surface contaminants will either dissolve and
infiltrate into the landfill or erode with runoff and be deposited along the western edge of
the Landfill Area perimeter. Transport could be possible beyond the western edge of the
landfill, if the runoff velocity and volume is sufficient to transport the eroded
contaminants.
At the Former Lagoon Area, the depression that signifies a former lagoon does not
promote runoff so lateral migration transport of insoluble contaminants is expected to be
limited. Soluble surface contaminants are expected to infiltrate to ground water given
that the surface depression and permeable soils are conducive to infiltration.
2.4.3.2.1 Volatile Organic Compounds
Numerous VOCs, particularly the tri- and dichlorinated ethenes and vinyl chloride, were
detected in surface soils. Several compounds (tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, 1,2
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dichloroethene, vinyl chloride, and acetone) were detected at concentrations exceeding
1,000 pg/kg. These concentrations were found at a surface location directly downslope
of the Former Lagoon Area. These compounds have high vapor pressures (greater than
100 mm Hg) which favor volatilization. Therefore, some portion of these compounds
will volatilize. The high moisture content of the site soils will limit the degree of
volatilization. These compounds are likely to dissolve with infiltrating precipitation and
be transported to ground water given their moderate to high water solubilities.
2.4.3.2.2 Base-Neutral/Acid Extractable Organics
The detected BNAs are all classified as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs),
common coal, tar, and fuel derivatives. All are moderately to highly sorbed to soil
material as evidenced by K ^ values in excess of 1,000 ml/g and log K^ values greater
than 4. Sorption may dominate the transport process, and can limit lateral and vertical
migration. The sorbed contaminants will be transported with eroded surface material
during runoff events and re-deposited in areas where the runoff velocity diminishes
below the threshold for erosion.
2.4.3.2.3 Inorganics
Inorganics in surface soils and sediments will be transported in much the same way as
BNAs. Inorganic-contaminated soils and sediments are most likely eroded by surface
runoff and subsequently deposited along drainage swales and into low-lying areas with
low stream velocity.
The Marshy Area and the unnamed stream are fed, at least partially, by discharging
ground water. This provides a means for subsurface contaminants to be transported to
the surface where they can be readily contacted by humans and biota. Once discharged
to the surface, the inorganics may dissolve into surface water or precipitate out of
solution as insoluble salts. Precipitated inorganics can potentially be transported further
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downstream as eroded particles during periods of intense rainfall or spring thaw when
stream velocities are capable of eroding materials. Re-deposition is likely in areas where
the stream velocity is insufficient for transporting eroded materials.
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