risks caused by occupational exposure to paints and lacquers used in civil constructions ph.d. eng....
TRANSCRIPT
RISKS CAUSED BY OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO
PAINTS AND LACQUERS USED IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTIONS
Ph.D. Eng. Tamara MORARIU, labour inspector
Ph.D. Eng. Gelu CONSTANTIN, labour inspector Labour Inspection, Bucharest
PANTED CONSTRUCTION
MATERIALS
• Wood•Plastered surfaces•Wood floor, concrete floor•Fibre board, asbestos cement•Ceramic tile•Metal
Rezins
= polimers:
• Natural (plant oils, resins)
• Or synthetic (acrylics, polyesters, vinyls, cellulosics, epoxies, etc.)
Pigments
• Inorganic
Ex. Cr2O3 (O, T, cc1), CdS (T, cc3), PbCrO4 (cc3, rc1 and 3)
• Organic
Ex. Azo dyestuffs (Xi), phtalocyanines componds (Xi)
Extenders
• carbonates (chalk, dolomite);
• sulphates (barium, calcium);
• silicates (kaolin, micelle);
• oxides şi hidroxides (silicon, aluminium, magnezium).
Solvents
• water
• organic– Petroleum hydrocarbon – Chlorinated hydrocarbon– Oxygenated solvents– terpenes
Coalescence agent and cosolvents
• hidrocarbons or glycols – naphta solvent (carcinogenic 2nd category)– ethylene glycol acetate (carcinogenic 2nd
category)– methylene glycol acetate(carcinogenic 2nd
category)
Aditive Categories
• Antiblok agents• Storage stabilizers• Curing agents• Gloss modifiers• UV stabilizers• Antimicrobial agents• Defoamers
Paint Application
• Brushing
• Rolling
• Compressed air spray painting
• Airless spray painting
Riscuri
Faze Risk source Risk tipe*
Risk evaluation**
Solvent Waterborn
Storage, transport
Raising of temperature Spills (displacement of the lid, damage of the package)Storage of half full cans
I
Tcut
I
M
M
M
N
N
N
Application by:
spraying
brush, roll
Solvents
Tcut, Tinh, I
Tinh, I
R
R
S
S
Drying SolventsAmins
Tinh, I
Tinh
R
N
S
S
Cleaning Solvents Tinh, I R N
Restrictions
• OLE – Annex 31 la GNLP/2002
• Interdictions– Annex 34 la GNLP/2002
• Trading – Annex 2 la HG 347/2002
Firerisk
• p.i. 21oC - very inflammable paints
• 21oC < p.i. 55oC - inflammable paints
• p.i. > 55oC – uninflammable paints but combustible
Hazards in constructions
• Hazardous chemical substances• Manual handling• Ignition sources• Working at heights• Spray painting plant• Noise• The workplace environment• Confined spaces
Occupational illnesses
• Occupational asthma
• Contact dermatitis
• Lung cancer
• Damage to the reproductive system
• Kidney or lived damage
Short term affects
• irritant contact dermatitis
• burns to the skin or eyes
• vomiting and diarrhea
• irritating to the nose, throat and lungs
• headaches, dizziness, nausea, fatigue
The main steps of the hazardous chemicals
management
Hazards identification
Risks assessment
Measures for reducing the risks
Review the measures
Have the measures eliminated or reduced the risks?
Have the measures induced new hazards?
Is the management system working properly? Could the way it is done be improved?
Hazard identification
When:
• Introducing a new plant
• Using the same produce in different place
• Using a new painting plant or a new plant
• If new information becomes available
Hazard identification
Is assisted by:
• Paints and equipment manufacturers’ instructions and advices;
• A walk through inspection of plant in the workplace and discussion with employers;
• Examination of injury, illness or incidents records and health surveillance records.
Hazard identification Safety data sheet
1. Identification of the substance/preparation and of the company/ undertaking2. Composition/ information on ingredients3. Hazards identification4. First-aid measures5. Fire-fighting measures6. Accidental release measures7. Handling and storage 8. Exposures control/ personal protection9. Physical and chemical properties10. Stability and reacting11. Toxicological information12. Ecological information13. Disposal consideration14. Transport information15. Regulatory information16. Other information
Work place inspection • Static electricity charges • Incorrectly stored flammable materials• Damaged electrical equipment• Ineffective lighting• Working at heights• Temperature• The lack of first aid• Pour cleanliness
Reduced and control the risk measures
• Elimination of hazards
• Substitution with safer alternatives
• Isolation of the dangerous processes
• Engineering controls
• Administrative controls
• Use of PPE
Isolation
• Physical barriers
• Restricted entry of unprotected persons
• Removal of hazardous substances
• Removal of stored wasted
• Removal of electrical and ignitionsources
Reviewing the control measures
• reexaminarea managementului agenţilor chimici periculoşi
• O procedure should include:– Frequency of servicing– Who is responsible– How any defects will be corrected– Performance testing and evolution standards– Records of servicing
Conclusions• High diversity of construction materials• Protective and/ or decorative painting• Paints containing hazardous chemical
substances • Using of water-paints avoid only the risks
caused by organic solvents• Brushing or rolling painting involve less risk
than spraying painting • Air less spraying painting presents less risk
than classic spraying• Chemical risk assessment is necessary for
painting operation