Risonanze III. La memoria dei testi dal Medioevo a oggiNapoli, 23-24 gennaio 2020

Elena Di VenosaNordic metal, Neofolk: l'eredità germanica in musica

elena.divenosa@unimi.it

Encyclopaedia Metallumwww.metal-archives.com

Florian Heesch 2011 = 600 band Viking / Pagan metal

1) Viking metal, Pagan metal

2) Folk metal, Neofolk

3) Heilung

Bibliografia

- Nadège Bénard-Goutouly, Le métal folklorique. Entre tradition et modernité, Rosiers en Haye, 2013.

- Giuliano D’Amico, Black Metal, Literature and Mythology. The Case of Cornelius Jakhelln, in: «Nordicum-Mediterraneum» 4/1 (2009), pp. 25-33.

- “Edda-Rezeption” (Goethe-Universität Frankfurt): https://www.uni-frankfurt.de/49096088/DFG_Projekt_Edda_Rezeption

- Encyclopedia Metallum, www.metal-archives.com

- Florian Heesch, Nordisch – Germanisch – Deutsch? Zur Mythenrezeption im Heavy Metal, in: «Beiträge zur Popularmusikforschung» 41 (2014), pp. 127-151.

- Imke von Helden, “A Furore Normannorum, Libera Nos Domine!” A Short History of Going Berserk in Scandinavian Literature and Heavy Metal (2010): https://www.medievalists.net/2013/02/a-furore-normannorum-libera-nos-domine-a-short-history-of-going-berserk-in-scandinavian-literature-and-heavy-metal/

- International Society for Metal Studies, https://www.metalstudies.org/

- Irina-Maria Manea, Valhalla Rising: The Construction of Cultural Identity through Norse Myth in Scandinavian and German Pagan Metal, PhD Thesis, Bucarest 2016.

- Martin Schurmann, Neofolk – mehr als nur eine Musikrichtung (2006): https://web.archive.org/web/20100119010614/http:/www.blauenarzisse.de/v3/index.php/rezension/38-neofolk--mehr-als-nur-eine-musikrichtung

- Metal Hammer https://www.loudersound.com/metal-hammer

- Ashley Walsh, “A great heathen fist from the North”. Vikings, Norse Mythology, and Medievalism in Nordic Extreme Metal Music, Master Thesis, University of Oslo 2013.

Anni Duemila: studi (etno-) musicologicistudi culturologici

Anni Novanta: studi sociologicistudi psicologici

Wagner, Der Ring des NibelungenTolkien, The Lord of the Rings, Silmarillon

METAL FOLK

- germanesimo (epoca pagana, vichinga)- folklore (miti, leggende)- medioevo (poesia di epoca cristiana)

Adorned Brood (Germania)dal 1993folk metalblack metal

Kuningaz (2012)

Florian Heesch (2014)Frost: «Wikinger oder Germanen – ist ja alles das Gleiche»

Album Asgard (2000)

Amon Amarth (Svezia)dal 1988melodic death metal

< Tolkien, SilmarillionSauron

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H24S0nym-pE1:10Berserker, Raven’s flight (2019)

OdinoSleipnir

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-PHeynHfsw1:15With Oden on our side, Hermod’s Ride to Hel (2006)

Hermod, "Ride, SleipnerRide for all your worthFaster than lightningTo the dark realms of the world"Through valleys of darknessOn our way to NifelheimTo the halls of HelWhere my brother waits

stele di Tjängvide

Grave Digger (Germania)dal 1980heavy metalpower metalspeed metal

Rheingold (2003)

Grave Digger

Rheingold (2003)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6KpsiE3ab84

In the depths of the riverDeep in the wavesThree rhinemaidens are singingSongs of the brave

An ugly dwarfGreedy with pleasureDesires the gold,Tries to steal the treasure

Guardians of the holy treasureNo cheat should steal it from the riverGleaming glow in the water's depthShines brightly, bravely through the waves

Rheingold, RheingoldRheingold, Rheingold

0:30

Týr (Isole Faroe) dal 1998folk metal, viking metalprogressive metal

http://tyr.fo/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Agdc48fK_-4

Hammertheft and all the world bereft Of reason and of right overnight Left between a tyrant's temper mean And treason and betrayal, cold and stale Hue and cry, I can't sit idly by We're hostages to greed, intercede

1:40

Þrymskviða (Edda)

Perché il germanesimo?

→ rifiuto del neonazismo

Festival Elfenfest 2005 «Elfen gegen Rechts»

Perché il germanesimo?→ interesse per il passato

Epoca post-modernacrisi degli idealifrustrazioneaggressività

Irina-Maria Manea (2016) - corpo, gestualità = potere comunicativo- iconografia- temi mitici

→ utopia escapista

Sol Invictus (Inghilterra)dal 1987neofolk gothic rockpost-industrial

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNwSA5YPJLA&list=PL739854FAF71BCC28&index=8

Against the Modern World, Wolf-Age, Axe-Age (1987)

Sol Invictus

Thrones, No Gods (2002)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PR1T5OkvT3g

On the platform at the station But our train will never come Stranded in this waiting room With a sky without a sun No gods (x 3) Anymore

With full shelves and empty lives We all live in separate cages Decide with lullaby knives Caught between Heaven and Hades

rifiuto della contemporaneità,escapismo

NEOFOLKpessimismorifugio nel passato

METALenergiaaggressività

guerrieriberserkerdèi Asi Odino

ThorTýr

Viking / Pagan Metal = strumenti modernilingua moderna

Neofolk = strumenti moderni / tradizionalilingua moderna / antica

Fonti: EddaMinnesang

Metal / Folk Folk

in traduzione / in originale

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_svF-elCp0

A project to rekindle our nordic ancestors' spirits through their powerful instruments and music

Rúnfell (Germania)dal 2018

Neofolk

Vangheimr??

31:20

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4Qfv0HzsM0

12:08 Vǫluspá

Sixth Comm (Inghilterra) dal 1985 dark ambientpost industrialneofolk

Fruits of Yggdrasil (2016)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYYrckwGEToWardruna (Norvegia)

dal 2003Nordic folkambientdark folk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8UPUPDo20nM

Wardruna, Vǫluspá (2018)

Runaljod – Gap var Ginnunga (2009) 8 rune

1) Ár var alda

Runaljod – Yggdrasil (2013) 8 rune

Runaljod – Ragnarok (2016) 8 rune

(= 3 ætt)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBjPl0IM250

1. Mjǫk erum tregt tungu at hrœra með loptvétt ljóðpundara; esa nú vænligt of Viðurs þýfi, né hógdrœgt ór hugar fylgsni.

2. Esa auðþeystr, þvít ekki veldr hǫfugligr, ór hyggju stað fagna fundr Friggjar niðja, ár borinn ór Jǫtunheimum,

1. I can hardly move my tongue or lift up the steelyard of song; now there is little hope of Viðurstheft, nor is it easy to draw it outof the hiding place of the mind.

2. It is not easy, because of myheavy sobbing, to let flow fromthe mind's place the joyful find of the kinsmen of Frigg, whichin times of yore was carried away from the lands of giants.

Egill Skallagrímsson (ca. 910-990)

Sonatorrek (2018)

Faun (Germania) dal 2002 pagan folkdarkwaveneo medieval musicfolk rock

Von den Elben (2013)

2013

Heinrich von Morungen (†1220 ca.)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dR6phESYjk

Heilung(Germania, Danimarca, Norvegia)(dal 2014)Nordic ritual folk

Lifa, Futhorck(2017)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEL9V2ez9z4 ᛠ Ear byþ egle eorla gehwylcun,

ðonn[e] fæstlice flæsc onginneþ,

hraw colian, hrusan ceosan

blac to gebeddan; bleda gedreosaþ,

wynna gewitaþ, wera geswicaþ.

2:50

Eru völur allar frá viðolfiVitkar allir frá vilmeiðiEn seiðberendr frá svart-höfðaFrá svart-höfðaFehu, uruz, thurisaz; ansuz, raido, kenazGebo, wunjo, hagalaz, naudhiz, isa, jera, heiwazEru völur allar frá viðolfiVitkar allir frá vilmeiðiEn seiðberendr frá svart-höfðaFrá svart-höfðaFehu, uruz, thurisaz; ansuz, raido, kenazGebo, wunjo, hagalaz, naudhiz, isa, jera, heiwazPertho, algiz,…

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9NIBZfVBW4

Skáld (Francia)dal 2018Neofolk

Conclusioni

Scopo: - Rinnovare il metal- Riscoperta del passato come critica verso la società moderna

Come: Gioco intertestuale: musica / testo / immagine

Passato / presenteTradizione / modernitàLocale / globale

Futuri approfondimenti: agnizione / 2 livelli di ricezione