CHAPTER 23: LAST TRIP ABROAD (1896)

INTRODUCTION

Rizal’s four-year

exile in Dapitan

came to an end.

July 31, 1896 - he left for

Dapitan on board the

‘’Espana’’ for Manila with

delightful stopovers in

Dumaguete, Cebu, Ilo-ilo,

Capiz and Romblon.

‘’I have been in that district four years,

thirteen days and a few hours,’’ he wrote in his

diary.

August 26, 1896 - Rizal arrived in

Manila on.

From the steamer that ferried him

Dapitan, he was transferred to the

Spanish cruiser ‘’Castilla’’, where he

stayed for almost a month, pending

availability of a vessel bound for Spain

August 26, 1896 - Bonifacio

and the Katipunan raised the

cry of revolution (Sigaw sa

Pugadlawin) in the hills of

Balintawak, a few miles North

of Manila.

Rizal, worried about the

raging hostilities, left for

Spain on the steamer ‘’Isla de Panay’’ on September 3, 1896.

It was his last trip abroad.

REPORT PROPER

FROM DAPITAN TO

MANILA

DUMAGUETE

Rizal visited a friend and former

classmate, Herrero Regidor, who

the judge of the province.

He also visited other friends,

the Periquet and Rufina families.

CEBU

The España left Dumaguete about

1:00pm and reached Cebu the following

morning.

Rizal was fascinated by the entrance to

Cebu which he considered "beautiful".

He met an old couple whom he had

known in Madrid.

CEBU

In the morning of Monday,

August 3, Rizal left Cebu going

to Iloilo. He saw Mactan, ‘’an

island famous for what

happened to Magellan.’’

ILOILO

Arrived at Iloilo he went shopping in

the city, and visited 'Molo'. Of the

church, he commented: ’’ The church

pretty outside and the interior is not

bad, considering that it had been

painted by a lad. The Paintings are

mostly copies of biblical scenes by

Gustave Dore.’’

From Iloilo, the ship sailed

to Capiz. After a brief

stopover, it proceeded

towards Manila via

Romblon.

ILOILO → CAPIZ → ROMBLON → MANILA

RIZAL MISSES SHIP

GOING TO SPAIN

August 6, 1896 - The España

arrived at the Manila bay early

morning. Unfortunately Rizal was

not able to catch the mail ship Isla

de Luzon because it had departed

departed the previous day at

5:00pm.

"Unfortunately I didn't catch the mail ship for Spain and fearing that my stay for a month in Manila would bring me

troubles I made known to the Governor General, while remaining on board the ship (España) of my wish to be

isolated from everybody, except my family.“-Rizal to Blumentritt

He was transferred to a spanish cruiser

‘’Castilla’’ by order of Governor General

Ramon Blanco.

The gallant captain, Enrique Santalo,

told him that he was not a prisoner, but

a guest detained on board ‘’ in order to

avoid difficulties from friends and

enemies’’.

He stayed on the cruiser for about a

month, from August 6 to September

2, 1896, pending the availability of

Spain-bound steamer

OUTBREAK OF THE

PHILIPPINE

REVOLUTION

August 19, 1896, the Katipunan plot

to overthrow the Spanish rule by

means of revolution was discovered

by Fray Mariano Gil, Augustinian

cura of Tondo after Teodoro Patino’s

disclosure of organization’s secrets.

August 26, 1896, Bonifacio and the

Katipunan raised the cry of

revolution (Sigaw sa Pugadlawin)

in the hills of Balintawak, a few

miles North of Manila.

CRY OF BALINTAWAK (PUGADLAWIN)

In the afternoon, Gov. Gen. Blanco

proclaimed a state of war in the first eight

provinces for rising in arms against Spain-

Manila, Bulacan, Cavite, Batangas,

Laguna, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija and

Tarlac.

[Ma, Bu, Ca, Ba, La, Pa, Nu, Ta]

He was worried for two reasons :

(1) the violent revolution which he

sincerely believed to be premature and

would cause only much suffering and

terrible loss of human lives and

properties had started and it would (2)

arouse Spanish vengeance against all

Filipino patriots.

DEPARTURE FOR

SPAIN

The same day when the state of

war was proclaimed in the eight

provinces, Rizal received from

Gov. Gen. Blanco two letters of

introduction for the Minister of

War and Minister of Colonies,

with a covering letter which

absolved him from all blame for

the raging revolution. The two

letters of introduction were

identical.

Sep. 2, 1896, the day before his

departure for Spain, He , on board

the Castilla, wrote to his mother.

"As promised I am addressing you a few lines before

leaving, to let you know about the condition of my

health.

I am well thank God, I am only concerned as so

what will happen or shall have happened to you in

these days of upheaval and disorder.

…

Do not worry about anything; we are all in the

hands of Divine Providence. Not all those who go to

Cuba die, and in the end one has to die; at least die

doing something good. "

He transferred to Isla de Panay which

was sailing for Barcelona, Spain. The

next morning, this steamer left Manila

Bay.

At last, his last trip to Spain began.

Don Pedro Roxas, rich Manila creole

industrialist and friend, and his son,

Periquin were among his fellow

passengers.

RIZAL IN

SINGAPORE

Don Pedro/ Don Manuel

Camus dvised Rizal to stay

and take advantage of the

protection of the British

Law

• Rizal had given his word of honor to

Governor General

Blanco.

RIZAL IN SINGAPORE

VICTIM OF

SPANISH

DUPLICITY

Blanco and the Ministers of War and

the Colonies were

exchanging coded telegrams (secret conspiracy) and

confidential messages for his arrest upon reaching Barcelona

VICTIM OF SPANISH DUPLICITY

RIZAL ARRESTED

BEFORE REACHING

BARCELONA

September 8 Rizal on board the

Isla de Panay left Singapore at

1:00 p.m..

Not knowing the Spanish

duplicity, he happily continued

the voyage towards Barcelona.

Sept. 25- he saw the steamer Isla de

Luzon, leaving the Suez Canal, crammed

with Spanish troops.

Two days later he heard from the

passengers that a telegram arrived from

Manila reporting the execution of

Francisco Roxas, Genato and Osorio

Sept. 28, a passenger told Rizal the bad

news that he would be arrested by order

Gov. Gen. Blanco and would be sent to

prison in Ceuta (Spanish Morocco),

Gibraltar.

Shocked by the news, he realized that he

was fooled by the Spanish officials. That

made him to write a letter to his best

friend.

"A passenger on board just told me news that I can hardly believe and should it be true, would bring to an end the prestige of Philippine Authorities.I cannot believe for it would be the greatest injustice and the most abominable infamy, unworthy not of a military official but of the last bandit…I cannot believe it! This is infamous, but if it turns out to be true as everybody assures me, I am communicating to you these news so that you may appraise my situation.“Yours,Jose Rizal

Rizal noted. "There are people on

board who do nothing but slander

me and invent fanciful stories

about me. I'm going to become a

legendary personage."

Sept. 30 – the steamer

anchored at Malta. He was

officially notified by the captain

Alemany that he should stay in

his cabin until further orders

from Manila.

Rizal was escorted to the grim and infamous prison-fortress named

Monjuich

Jose’s interview with Despujol

he would be shipped back to Manila

ARRIVAL IN BARCELONA AS PRISONER (8 DAYS)

After the interview, Rizal was taken

aboard the colon which was "full of

soldiers“. At 8:00 p.m., the ship left

Barcelona with Rizal on board.

IMPLICATION

‘’Cry of Balintawak’’

Eight Provinces

Mactan

Mactanan island famous

for what happened

to Magellan

Mistaken Trust

CONCLUSION

Jose Rizal is a very intelligent person. He

always thinks in a positive way. 1896 was

the year that he went back to Manila and

considered his last trip abroad.

Concluding on his messages to his

family and his best friend regarding his

presumed death, he knew that it was

his last trip and that he accepted the

possibility to perish anytime during the

trip. He was so brave not just

physically but emotionally as well that

he thoroughly decided every step to

take.

However, Rizal is also just a man who

commits blunders. During this last

trip, he did one of his greatest

mistakes in his life. That mistake was

to trust a friend who was secretly

conspiring against him.

His last trip abroad was the saddest part. He

knew his death was near, yet he still went

home.

Therefore, with the love of his country and

his countrymen he chose to die, than to be

safe abroad while his country suffers cruelty

of other country. Nevertheless, he released

the Philippines from captivity and freed us

through his peaceful and heroic way of

revolution.