Slide 1

Road to Imperialism in India 1526-1707 Slide 2 Family Dynasty 1494 Babur 11 years old Builds army in South of India despite opposition 1526 his 12,000 troops defeat 100,000 of Delhi sultan Incompetent son loses most of the empire after Baburs death Slide 3 Family dynasty 1556-1605 Baburs grandson Akbar rules Policy of tolerance Recognized military strength as root of his power Used heavy artillery Military power + political wisdom = unification of 100,000,000 people Cultural blending Bureaucracy composed of quality of officials Land policies a problem prevented feudal aristocracies but did not encourage dedication from officials (children could not inherit land) Slide 4 Family Dynasty Akbars successors Jahangir son let his wife do the ruling wife was Nur Jahan (Persian princess) brilliant politician saw her son as her ticket to power Removed son when he rebelled against father Slide 5 Family Dynasty Religious conflict begins Islam promoted although other religions tolerated Rebelling son turned to Sikhs (non-violent group) results in Sikh leader being arrested and tortured to death Sikhs become target of Mughals Jahangir succeeded by Shah Jahan His wife (Mumtaz Mahal) dies at 39 Taj Mahal built in her honor at great cost to country Slide 6 Family Dynasty Cost of Taj Mahal Famine Farmers need roads, tools, irrigation systems Farmers got taxes and more taxes to build monuments, endorse luxury for rulers and pay for war Shah Jahan becomes ill and no. 3 son Aurangzeb wins bitter civil war and executes older brother; puts father (Shah Jahan) in jail. Aurangzeb rules from 1658 1707. Expands Mughal empire to largest size, but empire weakens. Slide 7 Family Dynaty Aurangzeb oppresses the people; rigidly enforces Islamic law. Outlawed vices such as drinking, gambling, etc. Appointed censors to police the morals of his subjects. Tried to erase all gains Hindus had made under toleration. Brought back tax on non-Muslims; Dismissed Hindus from high govt positions Banned construction of new temples and had Hindu monuments destroyed. Hindu rajputs who had become allies were now enemies. Slide 8 Family Dynasty 1707 Mughal Empire drained of all resources 2,000,000 die in a famine No loyalty to Aurangzeb from subjects Power of local lords grows Civil war, war of succession (3 sons fighting over empire) Mughal empire no more European traders were beginning to build power and influence Slide 9 Leads to Imperialism Mughal emperors had not felt any threat from European traders Aurangzeb GAVE the port of BOMBAY to these traders in 1661. This is Europes foothold, Britains foothold, in the future world-wide British Empire. British monarchs still have a crown which is The Star of India.