ROAD TO REVOLUTIONROAD TO REVOLUTION

Political ConflictPolitical Conflict

New British LawsNew British Laws

Colonial ReactionColonial Reaction

Political ConflictPolitical Conflict

• King George III (1738-1820) He wants a King George III (1738-1820) He wants a – Stronger policy toward the colonies. Stronger policy toward the colonies. – Colonies should pay there share. Colonies should pay there share.

• Parliamentary Sovereignty: Virtual and Parliamentary Sovereignty: Virtual and Direct Sovereignty, colonial assemblies, no Direct Sovereignty, colonial assemblies, no

taxation w/out representation.taxation w/out representation.

• John Locke: Two Treatises of John Locke: Two Treatises of Government Government – Natural rights of life, liberty, property.Natural rights of life, liberty, property.– Social Compact, right to rebel. Social Compact, right to rebel.

New British ControlsNew British Controls• Grenville: America must help pay debtGrenville: America must help pay debt

• Revenue Act of 1764: Sugar tax of 3 Revenue Act of 1764: Sugar tax of 3 centscents

• Reaction: James Otis, ”no taxation w/outReaction: James Otis, ”no taxation w/out– Representation, assemblies & elite protest. Representation, assemblies & elite protest.

• Stamp Act: direct tax on newspapers, Stamp Act: direct tax on newspapers, legal papers, pamphlets, playing cards. legal papers, pamphlets, playing cards.

• Reaction: Patrick Henry & Virginia Reaction: Patrick Henry & Virginia – Resolves, Stamp Act Congress meets in NYResolves, Stamp Act Congress meets in NY

Sons of Liberty & Sam AdamsSons of Liberty & Sam Adams– The boycott, Popular protestThe boycott, Popular protest

Stamps used in Stamp ActStamps used in Stamp Act

Tar and Feather: Sons of Tar and Feather: Sons of LibertyLiberty

Sam AdamsSam Adams

Britain Tries new controlsBritain Tries new controls

• Ben Franklin in Parliament: direct taxesBen Franklin in Parliament: direct taxes– Most odious. Most odious.

• Declaratory Act: they repeal the Stamp Declaratory Act: they repeal the Stamp – Act, But retain right to make any laws.Act, But retain right to make any laws.

• Townsend Duties: Ok, lets go back to Townsend Duties: Ok, lets go back to – Indirect taxes: glass, lead, paint, paper, tea.Indirect taxes: glass, lead, paint, paper, tea.– Quartering Act must be followed.Quartering Act must be followed.– More Vice-admiralty courts were set up More Vice-admiralty courts were set up

• Response: Huge Boycott, women make Response: Huge Boycott, women make – Things at home, no luxuries, protests.Things at home, no luxuries, protests.

Boston Massacre 1770Boston Massacre 1770

Things Heat UpThings Heat Up

• Boston Massacre 1770: 5 dieBoston Massacre 1770: 5 die

• Repeal of Townsend Duties (all except tea). Repeal of Townsend Duties (all except tea). – Two years of quiet as cooler heads prevail. Two years of quiet as cooler heads prevail.

• Sons of Liberty agitate (the Gaspee)Sons of Liberty agitate (the Gaspee)

• Tea Act 1773: Boston Tea PartyTea Act 1773: Boston Tea Party

• Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts): General Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts): General – Gage colonial governor, no town meetings, king Gage colonial governor, no town meetings, king

selected upper councils, Boston harbor closedselected upper councils, Boston harbor closed– They must pay for the tea, Martial law in They must pay for the tea, Martial law in

Boston, troops could seize houses. Boston, troops could seize houses.

Boston Tea PartyBoston Tea Party