Petroleum Training Centre

Structural Geology (3 days)Who should attend:The course is aimed at all geologists, geophysicists, reservoir engineers, explorationists and seismic interpreters involved in exploration, appraisal and development.

Overview:The course is designed to provide participants with a working knowledge of structural geology, the geometry of the major structures and the techniques used to evaluate them within the petroleum industry.

The aim of the course is to give the participant the necessary skills to undertake a detailed structural evaluation of a geological dataset and to understand its relevance to each part of the exploration and production life cycle.

The format is one of short lectures and extensive practical workshop sessions using geological maps, cross sections, seismic time and depth images, satellite Landsat imagery, outcrop photographs, analysis of orientation data and geometrical reconstructions.

Learning Outcomes/Objectives: • Provide participants with a working knowledge of structural geology, the

geometry of major structures and the techniques used to evaluate them within the petroleum industry.

• Understand the use of detailed structural analysis techniques such as stereographic analysis to assist in visualising geological structures.

• Understand the use of fault seal analysis to assess potential for fluid flow across faults.

• Integrate geological and geophysical datasets to understand the structural development of a region.

• Understand how rock mechanic principles influence the formation of various types of geological structures.

Course materials:Each participant will receive a paper copy of our course text and certificate of attendance.

Fracture ‘fans’ around a fold.

• Date: 11-13 December 2017

Fracture geometries and distribution.

Oil seep in exposed fractured limestone outcrop.

GeoTraining

Robertson

CGG Worldwide Headquarters - Tour Maine-Montparnasse - 33, avenue du Maine - B.P. 191 - 75755 Paris Cedex 15, FRANCE +33 1 64 47 45 00

PTC.

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Petroleum Training Centre

Day 1Morning Lecture 1 Application of structural geology in hydrocarbon exploration: The application of structural geology to hydrocarbon exploration, production and development. Structural datasets, remote sensing.

Exercise 1 Deformation Modes and Mechanisms: Assessing the likely deformation mode and mechanism from lithology and pressure data.

Afternoon Lecture 2 Introduction to geomechanics Rock mechanics: force, strain and stress (including Mohr diagram and strain analysis methods). Lithospheric and hydrostatic states of stress. Role of pore fluid pressure. Changes in rock properties with depth. Brittle and ductile deformation in low and high porosity rocks. Homogeneous grained rock deformation. Reservoir geomechanics: wellbore breakouts, hydraulic fracturing and reservoir depletion

Exercise 2 Analysis of lithostatic and hydrostatic pressure data.

Day 2 Morning Lecture 3 Faulting: Fault terminology and definition. The effects of principal stresses on faulting. Identifying faults. Fault modelling. Fault reactivation. Interpretation of faults at outcrop, on seismic and in core.

Exercise 3 Faulting: Using oriented photographs and geological maps showing faults, folds and minor structures to determine the tectonic history of the area

Afternoon Lecture 4 Fault Seal Analysis: Fault seal analysis and the implications for hydrocarbon migration: fluid flow along faults, fault juxtaposition seals: Allan diagrams, shale:gouge ratio, clay smear, pressure gradients.

Exercise 4 Fault Seal: Prospect risk analysis to identify sealing potential of a fault-bound horst prospect using Allan diagrams and shale gouge ratio.

Day 3Morning Lecture 5 Fractures: Fracture classification, controls on fracturing, fracturing in low and high porosity reservoirs, fracture porosity and permeability. Fracture initiation and propagation. Fracture modelling. Hydraulic fracturing. Interpretation of fractures at outcrop, on seismic and in core.

Exercise 5 Fractures: Analysis of fracture patterns to determine rock deformation history and palaeostress directions

Afternoon Lecture 6 Geological analysis of field data: Stereographic analysis, cross section construction, restoration and balancing, 4D cross section evolution, curvature analysis, dislocation analysis

Exercise 6 Analysis of Structural Data: Analysis of a folded and faulted sequence using traditional structural geology methods including; stereographic projection analysis, cross section construction and fault plane juxtaposition sections

MICHAEL URBAT Chief Scientist; Structural Geology and Palaeomagnetism, Robertson, CGG GeoConsultingB.Sc., M.Sc., PhD., Habilitation (venia legendi in Geology)

Your instructorGeology

• Structural Geology and Plate Tectonics, Geological mapping

• Hydrogeology• Petroleum Geology• Provenance and pathway

studies in marine and terrestrial Quaternary sediments

• Sediment diagenesis as a function of organic matter degradation

• Sequence stratigraphy and sea level changes

• Palaeoceanography and palaeoclimate

• Hydrothermal fluid circulation on sedimented Ocean Ridges

Rock and Palaeomagnetism• Environmental Magnetism

– development of novel techniques to understand the response of the magnetic signal in sediment as a function of varying depositional and post-depositional processes.

• Magnetostratigraphy – used as a dating technique integrated with biostratigraphy. Provide high resolution stratigraphic frameworks and well correlation. Studies as to better understand the mechanisms and timing of delayed remanence acquisition.

• Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility – sediment transport and sediment fabric studies including MAGPORE™.

• Re-orientation of drill cores – methodological studies and application to sediments.

• Multivariate statistical methods – data processing integrating rock magnetism, geochemistry and sedimentology.

• Historical Monuments: re-orientation of fragments combining rock magnetic and geological data (novel technique).

• Evaluate rock magnetic properties for calibrating high resolution aeromagnetic survey data.

• Fracture orientation using enhanced AMS and core goniometry.

Geochemistry• Biomonitoring of recent

particulate matter pollution in urban air using organic geochemistry and rock magnetism.

• Geochemistry in sediment system interpretation.

• Integration of chemostratigraphy, enviro-magnetism and absolute age dating.

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

cgg.com/robertson

Robertson

GeoTraining