ROCK CYCLE

Classifying rocks

In Class 3-2-12

Obj. I will be able to classify rocks as metamorphic, igneous, or sedimentary by the processes of their formation

Vocabulary Cementation Compaction Deposition Erostion Foliated Igneous rock Lava Lithification

• Magma • Metamorphic

rock • Non-foliated• recrystallization• Sedimentary

rock• Sedimentation • weathering

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Vocabulary notes

cementation - A process whereby compacted sediments bind and stick together and turn into rock

compaction - A process whereby sediments pack, crush, and settle under the action of gravity and pressure from overlying layers

deposition – the dropping off of eroded materials in a new location

erosion – the process of moving sediments by wind, water, ice and gravity

foliated – rocks that are composed of thin easily separable layers or bands

igneous rock - Rock formed when heated magma or lava cools and hardens

lava - A result of molten rock material pushed to Earth’s surface by volcanic action

lithification - The compaction and cementation of sediment into rock.

magma - Melted rock material beneath Earth’s surface

metamorphic rock - Rock deep within Earth’s crust that has been exposed to extreme heat and pressure causing changes to its appearance, structure, and composition

non-foliated – rocks that do not have a layered or banded structure.

recrystallization - A reaction in which the atoms of existing crystals within a rock are reorganized due to heat and/or pressure.

sedimentary rock - Rock formed when sediments deposited in layers, compact and cement together under pressure, over long periods of time

sedimentation - The act or process of depositing sediment.

weathering – the process of breaking rocks down into sediments

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Extrusive rocks- Formed when molten rock reaches the Earth’s surface and cools.

Intrusive rock- Formed when magma cools underground forming rock

Rock cycle