rocks and the rock cycle igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic varieties
TRANSCRIPT
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Rocks and the Rock Cycle
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic varieties
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Where do all rocks come from?
• All rocks basically come from magma (molten rock from the earth’s interior, which provides the parent material for igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks)
• The only exception are rocks composed of organic material ( a certain variety of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks)
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The Rock Cycle
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The Rock Cycle
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The Rock Cycle
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How the rock cycle works
• Relatively all rocks start out as igneous rocks. • IGNEOUS ROCKS are formed from volcanism• When igneous rocks are weathered, deposited
elsewhere and then solidified, they are then classified as SEDIMENTARY ROCK (lithified sediment)
• If an Igneous rock or a Sedimentary rock somehow gets buried and undergoes an extensive change in temperature and/or pressure, the rock will then become metamorphosed, so classified as METAMORPHIC ROCK
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Igneous Rock
• Rock formed when magma cools and hardens via volcanism
• Two types – intrusive igneous and extrusive• Intrusive – when magma doesn’t quite make it to
the surface, but crystallizes and cools below the surface
• Extrusive- magma that makes it to the surface, now lava, that crystallizes and cools above the surface
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Some cool intrusive sites
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Yosemite, CA
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Devil’s Postpile (Mammoth, CA)
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Some typical intrusive igneous rocks
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Some Cool Extrusive Igneous Sites
• Obsidian dome (Mammoth, CA)
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Not Cool extrusive
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Structures Related to Igneous Rocks
• Batholith- a large mass of intrusive igneous rock, sometimes called a pluton (think Sierra Nevada)
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A pretty cool dike
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For tomorrow……
• We will talk about and look at various igneous compositions (What’s chemistry and viscosity got to do with it?)
• Also, we will start to examine Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks and Structures