rocky mountain institute newsletter fall/winter 1997 · “command-and-control” strategies. most...

ContentsBanking on Kyoto 3

Green Development Book 4

Durable Enterprise 5

Required Reading 6

A Tribute to John Denver 7

South Africa Rebuilds 8

Up Sugar Creek 9

Windstar Trek 9

The Year in Review 12

Institute Supporters 13

ROCKYMOUNTAININSTITUTEN E W S L E T T E R

ead this quote and see if it doesn’tring a bell:

“If we do it right, protecting theclimate will yield not costs, but profits; notburdens, but benefits; not sacrifice, but ahigher standard of living.There is a huge body ofbusiness evidence nowshowing that energy sav-ings give better service atlower cost with higherprofit. We have to teardown barriers to success-ful markets and we haveto create incentives toenter them.”

President Bill Clintonsaid that on 22 October,when he announced theposition that he’ll take inDecember negotiationsin Kyoto, Japan for anew global climate-change treaty. To anyonefamiliar with RMI’swork, it should soundvery familiar.

Clinton’s speech was awatershed event. Formonths, the Administration had beenbogged down in competing claims andchoices about what to do about globalwarming. Environmentalists were advocatinga carbon tax or technical standards and other“command-and-control” strategies. Mosteconomists (including those advising thePresident) warned that such strategies would

be prohibitively expensive and would wreckthe economy. The Global ClimateInformation Project, a coalition led by thecoal industry, mounted a $13-million adcampaign pushing a do-nothing agenda.

The climate story toldso far was about pain:high prices, lost jobs,weakened competitive-ness, discomfort, priva-tion, curtailment. Thedebate had stalematedover who should bear thecosts.

Clinton’s speechturned the climate debateon its head. Stronglyechoing a recent RMIpaper, the President madean end-run around costs,and focused instead oninitiatives that will reducegreenhouse-gas emissionsand boost the economyat the same time (he evenmentioned compact-fluo-rescent lamps). Improvedenergy efficiency is thekey to protecting the cli-

mate, he said, and removing the market bar-riers to efficiency will spur innovation, speedthe introduction of new technologies, andincrease economic competitiveness.

While many criticize Clinton’s proposedemissions targets, this market-based strategyis likely to make the targets all but irrelevant.

VOLUME XIII NUMBER 3

CLIMATE PROTECTION FOR FUN & PROFITNew RMI Study Strikes a Chord in High Places

(continued on next page)

Jen Uncapher

R

FALL/WINTER 1997

NO REGRETSRocky Mountain Institute’s long-stand-

ing view is that it doesn’t matter whetherglobal warming is happening or not,because the most effective climate-protec-tion measures are things we should bedoing for economic reasons anyhow.

That “no regrets” position is fully devel-oped in a new RMI study, “Climate:Making Sense and Making Money,” writ-ten by Amory and Hunter Lovins at therequest of the President’s Council onSustainable Development and funded bythe Energy Foundation. Although thepaper wasn’t officially released until mid-November, early drafts have been widelycirculated among CEOs since August, andAmory discussed it with top Administra-tion officials and attended a White Houseclimate-change conference led by thePresident in early October.

Aimed mainly at corporate leaders, thepaper analyzes the market failures that pre-vent companies and individuals from beingmore resource-efficient—and shows howto turn those failures into profitable busi-ness opportunities.

Climate change, write the Lovinses, isnot the inevitable price of progress, butrather “an unnecessary artifact of theuneconomically wasteful use of resources.”They estimate that simply implementingcost-effective energy-efficiency measures—that is, measures that pay a better-than-market rate of return—could eliminateover half the threat of global climatechange. Another quarter of the problemcan be abated by sustainable farming andforestry practices that are about as prof-itable as current methods, and the rest willdisappear thanks to already-mandatedreplacement of CFCs with new substitutes.

“So,” the Lovinses ask, “if the ‘cost’ ofprotecting the climate ranges from stronglynegative to roughly zero or irrelevant, whatare we waiting for?”

WHAT ARE WE WAITING FOR?One of the mistakes economists and

their models commonly make is to assumethat markets behave perfectly. They don’t.The fact that Americans haven’t yet cap-

tured cost-effective energy-efficiency invest-ments that could save $300 billion annual-ly reflects a major market failure, caused bynumerous real-world obstacles to the effi-cient allocation and use of resources.

The guts of “Climate” is its lengthyanalysis of practical ways to turn thoseobstacles into opportunities. For example:

• Capital misallocation. Most compa-nies don’t assess potential energy-savingimprovements the way they do other usesof the same money. Instead, they require asimple payback whose median is 1.9 years,which at a typical tax rate means a 71-per-cent real after-tax rate of return—aroundsix times the marginal cost of capital. Anew energy-retrofit “protocol” (see “CapitalIdea” in the summer 1996 newsletter) canhelp firms finance many such investmentswith other people’s capital.

• Organizational failures. RMI staffonce visited a semiconductor plant where apipe took an inexplicable jog in mid-air asif it were going around some invisibleobstacle. It turns out the piping design hadbeen copied from another plant that didhave a structural pillar in that location—“infectious reptititis” that perpetuates theinefficient status quo. Yet simple incentivescan turn employees into efficiency bounty-hunters, resulting in huge benefits to theemployer (see “$100,000 Bills on the ShopFloor” in the fall/winter 1995 newsletter).

• Regulatory failures. All but a handfulof states and nations reward regulated utili-ties for selling more energy and penalizethem for cutting your bill, so shareholdersand customers have opposite goals—withpredictable results. Simple accountinginnovations in a few states decouple utili-ties’ profits from their sales volumes, andlet utilities keep as extra profit part ofwhatever they save off their customers’bills. The nation’s largest investor-ownedutility, PG&E, thus added over $40 mil-lion of riskless return to its 1992 bottomline while saving customers nine times thatmuch. Proper restructuring can do thesame.

• Informational failures. Do you knowwhere to get everything you would need tooptimize your own energy use, how toshop for it, and how to get it properly

installed? If not, you’ve just observed amarket barrier: if you didn’t know some-thing is possible, you can’t choose to do it.Federal labeling and efficiency standardshave taken a bite out of these failures, butfar more opportunities languish ungrasped.

• Risks to manufacturers and distribu-tors. Faced with the risks of developingand stocking new efficient products, com-panies often opt to play it safe instead.Governments and large institutional cus-tomers can reduce these risks with contests,“golden carrots,” and other procurementpolicies that actually get the chicken to laythe egg.

• Perverse incentives. Standard contractspenalize good architects and engineers:those who work harder to eliminate costlyequipment earn lower fees, or at best getthe same fees for more work. Such back-wards incentives have led the United Statesto misallocate about $1 trillion to air-con-ditioning equipment (and utility systems to

FALL/WINTER 1997 ROCKY MOUNTAIN INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER

2 VOLUME XIII NUMBER 3

(continued from page 1)Who is That Masked Man?

John Petersen

Not Mr. Toad: It’s RMI research directorAmory Lovins, who toured the nuclear air-craft carrier USS John C. Stennis in Augustas part of the Navy’s Distinguished VisitorsProgram. He found many opportunities forimproved energy efficiency.

Sometimes, watching a TV show, I’llget so exasperated with the charac-ters that I want to yell, “Yo! Can’t

you see he doesn’t love you?” or, “Yourfather is dying, go to the hospitalalready!”

That’s what it was like during themaneuverings for December’s big cli-mate-change conference in Kyoto. Iwished I could boink thosefolks’ collective noggins to-gether and tell them to quitobsessing about the costs ofpreventing global warming.Since fuel costs less to savethan to buy, they ought to befiguring out how to split upthe profits! And why wastetime debating the science ofclimate change? It’s irrelevant,from an economic standpoint(which is all the politicians are really con-cerned about), because it’s cheaper toprotect the climate than not to.

Fortunately, Amory’s calmer head pre-vailed, and our latest study, “Climate:Making Sense and Making Money” (seecover story), is phrased more diplomati-cally. It also appears to have had a morehelpful effect on the climate debate thanmy yelling at the TV.

The paper is only one of several thingswe’ve been doing this summer and fall toreframe the climate debate, pre- andpost-Kyoto. The Energy Foundation haskindly funded us to run with our ideaswherever they lead us: briefing seniorAdministration officials and industry cap-tains, writing op-eds, informing journal-ists. We’ve also teamed up with public-education efforts to publicize positivesolutions to climate change. And ofcourse many other groups have beendoing great work showing how to reducegreenhouse-gas emissions cost-effectivelythrough efficiency and renewables.

Ironically, much of this work is aresponse to a $13-million industry cam-paign to sow doubt and fear about the

costs of climate protection. I say “ironi-cally” because, while the less sensible ele-ments of industry spend millions sayingit can’t be done, we’re trying to show howdoing it can save industry billions.

Fear of change is human and under-standable, but it’s not good corporatestrategy. Change is inevitable—and I’mnot talking about climate. A few shrewd

companies, such as BritishPetroleum and GM, are qui-etly backing away from busi-ness-as-usual, and instead areexploring how they can profitby selling less polluting prod-ucts and services. When theysucceed, their competitorswill have no choice but tofollow.

And they will succeed. Isee reasons for optimism

everywhere. Did you know that theUnited States “produces” as much energyeach year through increased efficiency asit does from oil? Or that wind power isnow the fastest-growing energy source inthe world? And just look at the efficiencyimprovements in cars and fuel cellsannounced in the past year or so.

If these things are already happeningin our decidedly imperfect market, imag-ine what’s possible if we correct the mar-ket failures that prevent us from fullyprofiting from resource efficiency. Theresult can only be a stronger, more com-petitive economy and more wealth to goaround. If the threat of global warminglights a fire under us to do that, so muchthe better, but it’s something we shouldbe doing anyway.

Bill Clinton’s pragmatic approach tomeeting the climate targets to be set inKyoto makes sense. It’s a policy thatalmost everyone can rally behind—whichmeans it has a decent chance of actuallyworking. America is already displacingleaded gas, CFCs, and sulfur at unexpect-edly low costs. Carbon is next—and itwill be even more profitable.

BANKING ON KYOTOBy L. Hunter Lovins, Executive Director

power them) that wouldn’t have beenbought if the same buildings had beenoptimally designed. Innovative design con-tracts and leases can realign these incentives(see “Designing Incentives” in the summer1996 newsletter).

MORAL OF STORYRMI’s climate study and Bill Clinton’s

October speech both take an upbeat viewof the prospects for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions.

America has done it before. Between1979 and 1986, the nation’s economy grew19 percent while total energy use shrank 6percent. It’s true that Americans were moti-vated at that time by high and rising ener-gy prices—but it doesn’t necessarily followthat, as economists often argue, it will takeequally high energy prices to repeat thatsuccess.

Consider the case of Seattle, which hasthe cheapest electricity of any major U.S.city. During 1990–96, residents saved elec-tric loads nearly 12 times as fast as those inChicago, even though Seattle electricityprices are about half of Chicago’s. Why?Because their utility, Seattle City Lights,showed them how.

Moral of story: making an informed,effective, and efficient market in energy-saving devices and practices can fully sub-stitute for a bare price signal, and indeedcan influence energy-saving choices evenmore than can price alone. That is, peoplecan save energy faster if they have extensiveability to respond to a weak price signalthan if they have little ability to respond toa strong one.

Climate need not be a divisive issue. Itcan unite us around markets, profits, enter-prise, and opportunity. As Bill Clinton putit, “climate change can bring us togetheraround what America does best—we inno-vate, we compete, we find solutions toproblems, and we do it in a way that pro-motes entrepreneurship and strengthensthe American economy.”

We couldn’t have said it better ourselves.“Climate: Making Sense and Making

Money” (E97-13) is available from RMI for$8.00 plus shipping & handling (for charges,see page 10). It can also be downloaded fromour website (www.rmi.org).

ROCKY MOUNTAIN INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER FALL/WINTER 1997

VOLUME XIII NUMBER 3 3

PERSPECTIVES

Let’s face it, real-estate developersaren’t known for sticking their necksour for the environment.

Many would like to—after all, theywork with the land—but like most busi-nesspeople, they’ve been conditioned tobelieve that they’ve got to choose betweensaving the planet and making money.Going “green,” they fear, would delay pro-ject schedules and raise costs. And nobodywants to be a guinea pig.

In reality, many green projects havealready been built or are under way. And

guess what? Done right, they performextremely well financially and are eagerlyreceived in the marketplace.

That’s the message of Green Develop-ment: Integrating Ecology and Real Estate,the long-awaited book from RMI’s GreenDevelopment Services, and a companionCD-ROM, Green Developments. The bookhas just been released, and the CD is dueout in December.

Since 1991, the GDS team has beenshowing developers and designers how toplan resource-efficient projects that workwith the environment and support thecommunity. From that wide experienceand from dozens of other case studies, the

book and CD-ROM distill proven proce-dures, potential pitfalls, and practicallessons for every stage of the developmentprocess.

Written primarily for real-estate profes-sionals, the book describes an exciting newfield where environmental considerationsare viewed as opportunities to create fun-damentally better buildings and communi-ties—more efficient, more comfortable,more appealing, and ultimately more prof-itable. Increased profits can in turn be usedas a financial engine for habitat restoration,

community development, and otherimprovements.

CAPTURING OPPORTUNITIES

In real-estate development, as in somany other fields, the benefits of moreefficient ways of doing things are oftenuncounted or undervalued. Throughnumerous case studies, the book highlightsseveral important advantages of developinggreen.

For example, green projects often saveon capital costs. The developer of PrairieCrossing, a residential development in sub-urban Chicago, saved $4,400 per lot bydesigning the project’s infrastructure to



GREEN DEVELOPMENT

DOING WELL BY DOING GREENA New Book and CD-ROM Show Real-Estate Developers How

reduce environmental impacts. The savingscame from making the streets narrower,minimizing impervious concrete sidewalks,and using natural alternatives to conven-tional storm sewer systems. (Some of thesavings were spent on enhancing openspace and other amenities, further increas-ing value.)

Green developments also typically costless to operate, which for the developer canmean higher building values or rents, orfaster lease-ups. By incorporating energy-efficient measures, the Denver Dry Goodsbuilding is saving at least $75,000 a year inoperating expenses, increasing the build-ing’s value by $750,000 when capitalized.In Vancouver, British Columbia, the devel-oper of a 55,000-square-foot mixed-usedevelopment is saving his tenants $57,000a year on energy, enabling him to increaserents over the long term while decreasingtenants’ operating costs.

The same Vancouver developer alsosaved $850,000 in leasing and sales fees,thanks in part to the media exposure theproject got for its environmentally sensitivefeatures.

Taking a responsible attitude toward theenvironment and occupants reduces therisk of future litigation over “sick buildingsyndrome” and other complaints. Someinsurors even credit the reduced risks thatsome green features bring—for example, abuilding with high-thermal-mass walls mayqualify for lower insurance premiumsbecause the walls reduce the risk of fire.

Gaining early respect and support froma community can also greatly speed upproject approvals and cut financing costs.The developers of Central Market, a gro-cery store in Poulsbo, Washington, say thatthe decision to enhance an on-site wetlandand offer it to the city as a park not onlyreduced maintenance costs, but also avoid-ed delays by generating strong communitysupport.

‘A WORLD OF WOUNDS’If green developments are so profitable

and so marketable, why aren’t all develop-ments green?

There are many reasons, but the biggestis lack of awareness of the opportunities.

Most developers simply don’t yet under-stand what green real-estate developmentis, how big the market for it is, why it’sbeneficial, how to do it, and why it makesso much sense financially. Hence the GreenDevelopment book and CD-ROM.

Other factors also slow green develop-ment’s entry into the marketplace. It’s adiscipline that involves a significant learn-ing curve and more than the usual amountof initial planning. Financial institutionsmay balk at the risk of what they consideruntried techniques. Sometimes it’s hard tofind willing partners.

Learning from the experiences of othersis one of the best ways to overcome thesebarriers. By seeing and hearing how suc-cessful green projects were envisioned,financed, built, and marketed, developerscan gain confidence that this approach ispossible. That, too, is the purpose of GreenDevelopment.

Developers don’t have to choosebetween saving the planet and makingmoney. Green Development offers them away they can do both, and challenges themto do so. What it would be like, the bookasks, if developments produced more ener-gy than they consume? What if theyincreased habitat and biodiversity, pro-duced food and clean water? What if theywere woven deeply into the social and eco-nomic fabric of a community?

Aldo Leopold once said that to be anecologist is to live in a “world of wounds,”conscious of the environmental damagearound us. The task of real-estate develop-ment in the twenty-first century will be toheal those wounds. And that process ofhealing may also restore a measure ofrespect and societal value to the professionof real-estate development.

“Green Development” (D97-11) is 525pages, hardback, with 150 photos and anextensive appendix of resources. It’s availablefrom RMI for $54.95 plus shipping & han-dling (see page 10 for charges). The compan-ion CD (D97-12), featuring more than 400images and 30 minutes of audio and videoclips (including voiceover by Robert Redford),is free to purchasers of the book, or can bebought separately for $7.00 plus shipping &handling.

I understand that corporations are pow-erful agents of change, but what, exact-ly, can they do to become more sustain-able?

—Douglas Vilnius, Salt Lake City, Utah

Corporate sustainability is a hugefield—it would take a book justto define the term adequately, let

alone discuss all its nuances.In this column, we’ll look at afew things businesses can doto become more sustainable,and why it’s in their interestto do so.

For the sake of discussion,imagine a widget manufactur-er that uses an expensive andtoxic solvent to wash machin-ery. Not only does the solventcost a lot, but the companyhas to pay to dispose of it. Occasionalspills cost millions of dollars in fines andenvironmental remediation. What canthe company do? Enter the concept ofindustrial ecology.

This relatively new discipline modelsindustrial processes on ecosystems, whichwaste nothing and reuse everything. In anutshell, industrial ecology assumes thatwaste is simply a resource out of place,and explores how it can serve as “food”for other processes. Using this approach,the hypothetical widget maker mightdevelop a way to reuse the solvent, savingon purchasing and disposal costs—orbetter yet, redesign the process to elimi-nate the need for solvent altogether.

At this point you might be thinking,“Well duh, what’s so smart about that?”True, it’s just common sense, yet you’d besurprised how many companies fail toinvestigate obvious ways to increase effi-ciency—usually because they’re so fixatedon supply-side solutions, assuming thatthe way to increase profits is to increasethroughput.

A great example of industrial ecologyin action comes from Kalundborg,

Denmark, where several industries areopportunistically and profitably linked. Apower plant supplies gypsum for a plas-terboard operation, fly ash for a cementfactory, and waste heat for fish farms.The power plant uses surplus gas andwaste and cooling water from a nearbyoil refinery, which in turn supplies sulfurfor an acid plant. Meanwhile, waste

steam from the power plantsupplies the refinery and anearby pharmaceuticalsmaker. The sludge from thepharmaceuticals maker goesback to a greenhouse heat-ed—surprise!—by waste heatfrom the power plant.

Products also eventuallybecome waste, so efficientmanufacturers design for dis-assembly or reuse. The water

pump on an old car is a good example:the price of a new pump (which is oftenremanufactured) credits back a depositon the old one. This “lifecycle steward-ship” helps change a linear, unsustainableprocess into a non-polluting, closed-loopone. Next: Swedish automakers have justbeen required to take back the whole car.

Industrial ecology is just one aspect ofcorporate sustainability. Whole schools ofthought have been created around anoth-er key component: management. Thecrux of the argument is that barriers tosustainability are more institutional thantechnical—the technology needed toachieve sustainability already exists. InLean and Clean Management, formerRMI research scholar Joe Romm outlineswhat all lean companies have in common:they ask their customers what they want,encourage internal criticism, and use inte-grated teams and a systems approach toimprove constantly. One example isToyota, which used worker-suggestionprograms to help dominate the industry.In 1982, the company solicited close to 2million suggestions (32 per worker) and

(continued on page 11)



DURABLE ENTERPRISEBy Auden Schendler

DEAR ROCKY

seminar in environmental studies, inwhich students focus on projects to devel-op new business ideas and generate morelocal dollars.

“It seemed tailor-made for the juniorseminar,” Maniates says. Last spring’s classcollected information about Meadville’senergy expenditures, use, and demograph-ics. Students found that Meadville resi-dents spend almost 20 percent of theirtotal personal income on energy. Casestudies of successful community energy-saving programs, a survey of local citizens,and a public presentation helped raisecommunity support and input.

“Students came back very impressedwith how well they were received,” saysManiates. Having started the semesterdoubting their ability to make a difference,they were inspired to find that their con-cerns were taken seriously by city officials.

“Meadville,” Maniates explains, “is thehome of the zipper. The zipper factorymoved south 10 to 15 years ago. Thingshave gotten sufficiently bad that folks areopen to new ideas.” The CommunityEnergy Workbook worked in a place wheremany didn’t believe it could, he adds. “It’snot like trying to pitch sustainability inBoulder or Berkeley. Our success showsthe power of the workbook.”

Of the 14 students who enrolled inManiates’ seminar last semester, six haveasked to continue the project as an inde-pendent study. This fall, a new group ofstudents is using the workbook to helpbuild a community coalition to improvetenant-landlord relations.

Although neither The Economic Re-newal Guide nor The Community EnergyWorkbook was originally conceived as atextbook, their popularity with faculty isheartening. If you’re an educator interestedin using Rocky Mountain Institute publi-cations in your classes, RMI staff can assistyou in locating other faculty who arealready doing so.



Two Rocky Mountain Institutebooks have found unexpectedniches—as college textbooks.

At the University of Oregon, ProfessorDavid Povey is using RMI’s EconomicRenewal Guide in a graduate-level planningcourse and preparing to test it in another.Although written with community activistsin mind, the guide also works well as amanual for student planners, Povey says.

Published last year, The Economic Re-newal Guide sets out a public process that’sdesigned to help communities develop sus-tainably, fight less, and have more fun. It’s aprocess that also lends itself to 10-weeksemesters, offering students a crash coursein community-development issues.

Students enrolled in Povey’s “PlanningPractice” graduate course take EconomicRenewal out of the classroom and into realcommunities throughout the Oregon coast.They’re each required to conduct research,take photographs, and interview residentsin a particular community. Their on-site

work enables them to prepare a communityprofile and preliminary action plan, thenjoin with other nearby communities indeveloping a regional sustainable-develop-ment strategy. Class lectures come from theguide and from case studies of EconomicRenewal efforts being conducted by 30grad students throughout Oregon.

The Economic Renewal Guide “is a goodtext for our students to help improve theplanning and problem-solving capacity ofthe rural communities and watershed thatwe serve,” Povey says. He also plans to usethe guide in a graduate regional-planningcourse to supplement a statewide study onrural community goals and challenges.

Meanwhile, students at AlleghenyCollege in Meadville, Pennsylvania arepracticing Economic Renewal methodswith The Community Energy Workbook,which outlines a process for strengtheninglocal economies through improved energyefficiency. Professor Michael Maniatesdeveloped around it an ongoing junior

ECONOMIC RENEWAL

REQUIRED READINGRMI Books Go to the Head of the Class

RMI will host its first “at home” semi-nar on sustainable community develop-ment strategies in March 1998. Com-munity development agents, governmentofficials, and concerned citizens fromaround the world will convene in Colo-rado for three and a half days to learn howto conduct RMI’s Economic Renewalprocess in their own communities.

Institute staff have taken EconomicRenewal training to communities in fourcountries and 10 states, but this will bethe first time they’ve invited communitiesto come to them.

The seminar will include RMI’s newCritical Thinking Workshop—whichintroduces the principles of sustainable

economic development and systemsthinking—plus standard training in the“ER” process. Participants will be able tonetwork with others interested in sustain-able development, tour RMI’s famousheadquarters, join in a Western hoedownat the Windstar Land Conservancy, andenjoy the area’s world-class skiing, hotsprings, backcountry, and nightlife.

“Sustainable Community Develop-ment Strategies” is scheduled for 25–29March at the historic Hotel Colorado inGlenwood Springs. The registration fee is$470 per person, and the registrationdeadline is 31 January. Please contactAmy Seif or A.J. Thompson at RockyMountain Institute for more details.

Economic Renewal Seminar at RMI

Yahoo!Check out page 98 of the

October Yahoo! Internet Life. Guestwebsite reviewers Ben and Jerry gaveour site four cones—their highestrating.

One of the most interesting guestsat December’s Kyoto climate-change conference will be the

new Toyota Prius sedan.Shown to the press in October, the

Prius is the closest thing yet to RMI’shypercar concept: the world’s first mass-produced hybrid-electric passenger cardoubles the efficiency and halves the emis-sions of a comparable conventional car,despite being 330 pounds heavier. If a“tank conversion” like the Prius tests at 66miles per gallon, imagine what an ultra-light, ultraslippery hybrid can do!

Indeed, more exciting models may bewaiting in the wings. Honda has announ-ced a hybrid-electric vehicle that’s lighter,simpler to produce, and even more fuel-efficient than the Prius (70 miles per gal-lon, reportedly). Honda hasn’t said when itwill begin selling the car, but it might takea year or more. Nissan and Audi also planto bring out hybrids in 1998.

Yet the Prius is potentially more inter-esting, on account of Toyota’s audaciousmarketing strategy. The automaker plansto price the Prius at the equivalent of$17,700—more than $25,000 below itsrumored break-even point at initial vol-umes. Analysts say that’s an indication ofjust how badly Toyota wants to be the firstto bring out a hybrid, and how much itexpects that leadership to boost its image.

That’s good news for hypercars. For sev-eral years, RMI has been arguing that thefirst company to bring a true hypercar tomarket will enjoy substantial competitiveadvantages. Toyota’s bold move suggeststhat at least one carmaker has gotten themessage. And all it takes is one.

The Toyota Prius is initially being soldonly in Japan, but the company says it willconsider introducing it in the UnitedStates within six months.



John Denver’s death in Octoberdeeply saddened all of us at RMI.He was a good friend, a neighbor,

and, in recent years, a member of RMI’sBoard and a partner in our successfuleffort to protect a fragile mountain valley.

John’s driving passions were the envi-ronment and human rights. He wasn’tafraid to take standsbefore they becamepolitically popular. Hisleadership and visionwill be missed.

As anyone familiarwith his music knows,John had a special lovefor the Coloradomountains, so it’s notsurprising that ourstrongest connectionwith him was throughthe land. In 1979, hebought and donated a957-acre ranch inSnowmass, Coloradoto the WindstarFoundation, an environmental organiza-tion he’d co-founded three years earlierwith aikido master Tom Crum. It is aspecial piece of land—a rare undevelopedremnant of bottomland and hillsides, richin scrub oak and elk sedge and mountainmahogany, and providing critical winterrange and a migration corridor for hun-dreds of deer and elk. By 1982, whenRMI began building its headquartersabout a mile down the road, theWindstar land had become a hub and ademonstration site for a bustling interna-tional organization.

On one level, the founders of RMIand Windstar couldn’t have been moredifferent—Hunter and Amory Lovinswere more left-brained, John Denvermore right-—and this was reflected in thepersonalities and constituencies of ourrespective organizations. Yet we shared thegoal of a sustainable future, a faith inhuman ingenuity and common sense,and a global perspective. Our styles and

strengths were complementary. Indeed,many of RMI’s staff got their start withWindstar.

The relationship got closer in 1992,when RMI, needing office space for itsgrowing research division, rented part ofthe Windstar ranch house. The arrange-ment worked out so well that in 1995,when the Windstar land came under

threat, the two orga-nizations joined forcesto save it.

The story of savingthe Windstar land hasbeen told in previousnewsletters. As presi-dent of the WindstarFoundation, Johnplayed a key role inforging the partner-ship that placed theland under perpetualprotection and trans-ferred its title to anew independententity, the Windstar

Land Conservancy. John joined RMI’sBoard, and he, Amory, and Hunter filledthree of the five seats on the WindstarLand Conservancy’s Board.

At the time of his death, John washappier than he’d been for years. Onething that was no longer worrying himwas the fate of the Windstar land.

“John loved this land,” recalls HunterLovins. “It was a continual source of joyto him to know that the Windstar valleywas finally protected. It’ll be our memori-al to him to be sure that it is.”

John’s family has named the WindstarLand Conservancy as one of the organiza-tions to which gifts in his memory maybe made. Such gifts will help completeone item of unfinished business in John’sdream for the Windstar land: the creationof a $1-million endowment for its perma-nent stewardship. As of late October,about $200,000 had been raised towardthis final goal of RMI’s $3-millionSecuring the Future campaign.

JOHN DENVER, 1943–1997

John Denver with Tom Crum, in theWindstar greenhouse.

Edgar Boyles

TRANSPORTATION

ME FIRSTToyota’s Bold Move



ENERGY

A GROUND-BREAKING OPPORTUNITYSouth Africa’s Rebuilding Offers a “Teachable Moment”

Five years after the end of apartheid,South Africa hovers between wildoptimism and violent pessimism.

Having vanquished oppression, everythingelse looks pretty easy by compari-son, yet funds are limited andmaterial progress has been slow.

South Africa is unique: a high-tech industrial society where mostpeople live in developing-worldconditions. Millions still inhabitspartan shacks with no runningwater, sanitation, electricity, orheat. To improve conditions,President Nelson Mandela’s gov-ernment has launched an effortthrough the Reconstruction andDevelopment Program to build,renovate, or electrify up to 2 mil-lion homes in the next few years.Big job, big potential benefits.But can the government afford todo it right?

Can it afford not to?During a September visit to South

Africa, RMI research director AmoryLovins and researcher Chris Lotspeich metwith senior officials and found them veryreceptive to integrated, highly efficientdesign concepts for—or to displace—infra-structure. Despite huge challenges, themassive building program offers a tremen-dous opportunity to meet the needs of thepoor majority at least cost instead ofrepeating wasteful past mistakes.

A keynote speech at the National WaterConservation Campaign’s conference paidthe airfare and opened doors to a week’sworth of other meetings. The most excitingwere with the Minister of Water Affairsand Forestry, senior officials from theDepartment of Housing and Departmentof Minerals and Energy, and the chair andsenior staff of South Africa’s giant electrici-

ty-generating monopoly, ESKOM.Each of these partners in the Recon-

struction and Development Program hasincentives to shift costs to the others. Thehousing department could save money by

building less efficient houses, forcing theutilities to supply more electricity andwater. The utilities could invest in ineffi-cient, centralized supplies and stick rate-payers with the bill. In South Africa, as inthe rest of the world, there are no prizes forspending more money from your own

budget to help cut society’s total costs.Fortunately, the officials Lovins met

with were already aware of these dangers,and looking for reasons to work together. Itwas, as they say, a “teachable moment.”Concrete suggestions emerged for reducingthe societal cost (and improving the envi-ronmental performance) of the rebuildingprogram—creating jobs and boosting theeconomy at the same time.

For example, South Africa has been slowto implement widespread energy-efficiencyprograms, in part because electricity is

priced very cheaply. Yet evenwhere electricity is cheap, peoplesave it when they’re shown how(page 3). One of several RMI rec-ommendations: South Africashould create resource-efficientdemonstration projects, from pas-sive-solar single-family homeswith solar water heating and high-performance fixtures to a full-scaleretrofit of the pumps, compres-sors, motors, and lights in a finan-cially marginal goldmine.

Another idea is to help launchSouth African manufacturing ofefficient devices, such as high-per-formance showerheads and win-dows. These are keys to makingnewly built homes more efficient,and thus cheaper and more com-

fortable to live in. And manufacturingthem would create needed jobs in a coun-try with a 40-percent unemployment rate.

No formal actions have yet resultedfrom the meetings, but RMI will continueto support South Africa’s resource-efficien-cy efforts from afar, and a revisit is likely.

From left: South African Water Minister Kader Asmal, Water Con-servation Director Guy Preston, U.S. Deputy Secretary of the InteriorJohn Garamendi, and RMI’s Amory Lovins.

Chris Lotspeich

A number of readers have been inquir-ing about Small Is Profitable: The HiddenEconomic Benefits of Making ElectricalResources the Right Size, originally sched-uled for summer.

Um…would you believe February1998?

Meanwhile, the 300-plus-page tomehas mutated into what we call a “propri-etary strategic report,” which means it’s

intended for a specialized corporate andinstitutional readership, and is pricedaccordingly: $995 postpaid ($900 fororders placed by 31 December). Dis-counts are available for multiple copiesand for certain nonprofit purchasers. Fordetails, please call our PublicationsDepartment.

Apologies for the delay, but we thinkit’ll be worth it.

Small is Profitable is Late



Swinging steel blades and pitchforks,RMItes spent hours “thumping”thistle in August and September, sig-

naling the Institute’s shift from acquisitionto maintenance of the Windstar land.

The thistle war is one of many new pro-jects on the 957-acre property that RMIhelped place under permanent protectionat the end of 1996. Others include thecompletion of a land-use plan and anarcheological survey, the appointment of anew staff member, and the discovery ofsome ancient trees.

Thistles are a major local problem. Non-

native species displace native ones, take overagricultural land, and hog water. Cattle willnormally keep the plants in check, but theWindstar land hasn’t been grazed in thepast 20 years. A small herd, partly ownedby the Windstar Land Conservancy, grazedsections of the property this summer, andwill be moved to other sections as fencing isimproved. (Existing barbed wire fence is arelic of early homesteaders, and now mostlyserves to snare deer and elk. Removing it isan ongoing process.)

The weed-eradication program was

RMI NEWS

WINDSTAR TREKThe Next Regeneration

WATER

Fail to consider all reasonablealternatives and you’re likely to besent back to the drawing board, as

water officials in Marion, Illinois are find-ing.

The town has been trying since 1989 toget permission to dam nearby Sugar Creekto create a 1,200-acre reservoir. This pastJuly—eight years, two lawsuits, and $2million later—Marion’s long-awaited ArmyCorps of Engineers permit was yanked bya federal appeals court, which found thatthe Corps’ environmental impact state-ment (EIS) had failed to adequately con-sider all the alternatives.

In official comments to the Corps’ 1995draft EIS, RMI water researcher ScottChaplin highlighted potential least-costalternatives to the dam, documenting howa similar community was able to avoidbuilding a reservoir by implementing acomprehensive conservation program.Since the program “created” the sameamount of water at a much lower cost,both the environment and water users werewinners.

In ruling against the Army Corps, theappelate court didn’t specifically mentionefficiency as an alternative that should havebeen considered. But, says Tom Bik of thelocal Sierra Club chapter, the testimony ofRMI and other groups was essential forestablishing that there were alternativesworth considering.

It’s still not over—these things are neverover. Marion’s water officials have nowhired a new water consultant and vowed tosubmit the proposal once again to theArmy Corps.

But there are a couple of lessons in this.First, the Army Corps is in need of reform.The file on the Sugar Creek Reservoirprobably would have been closed long agowere it not for the agency’s schizophrenia

is going to lose? In contrast, showing how acommunity can satisfy its water needs morecheaply through efficiency is usually moreeffective because it offers a way for bothsides to get what they want.

Marion, Illinois is one of several com-munities where RMI has been helpinggroups trying to protect threatened riversand wetlands. Work in British Columbiaseems to have concluded peaceably (see thespring 1997 newsletter), while cases inVirginia and Connecticut are still pending.

To help other communities work con-structively with utilities, RMI has recentlyteamed up with the nonprofit RiverNetwork in the hopes of developing train-ing materials for do-it-yourself analysis ofutility proposals. This effort is as yetunfunded, however.

Chaplin hopes to create a manualdescribing the “detective work” necessary toassess the assumptions built into utilityproposals. Typically, he says, utilitiesassume unrealistically high demand forwater and very little potential for efficiency,and it often takes a lot of digging to deter-mine whether those assumptions are valid.

UP SUGAR CREEKThe Army Corps of Engineers Gets a Paddling in Illinois


about water conservation. While some ofits regional divisions recommend state-of-the-art water conservation, others com-pletely ignore it (for example, the divisionthat serves Marion requires no conserva-tion, while neighboring Rock Island does).RMI believes the time is ripe for the ArmyCorps to develop a consistent, conserva-tion-oriented policy, as the Bureau ofReclamation has already done.

Second, groups fighting dams and otherprojects would do well to learn how toresearch least-cost alternatives. Argumentsbased on protecting endangered speciesand dwindling wetlands, while they maybe morally and legally strong, often failbecause they put the focus on the costs ofprotection. When the environment is pit-ted against the economy, guess which one

Relatively high along the road to thewildlife pond is a stone retaining wall. Itmarks the cabin where Bernie was born,now surrounded by a grove of cotton-woods. Pointing to one of the larger trees,Bernie said: “My grandfather plantedthat.… He was, I guess, proud to be inAmerica—he was from Yugoslavia. So hewanted his house up here, so he could seewhat was his.” From the Jurick homesteadand other vantages on the land, we hopevisitors to Windstar feel similar pride.

To support education and restorationactivities on the land, the Windstar LandConservancy is forming a “Friends of theWindstar Land” membership group. Peoplecan join and receive the RMI newsletter for aminimum contribution of $25 for individu-als and $35 for families. For more informa-tion, please contact RMI.

motivated in part by a bounty: the countylaunched a thistle-cutting competition,offering more than $1,000 to the organiza-tion thumping the most thistle. RMI tookfirst place by delivering a whopping 4,307pounds.

In a less violent August project, fourpeople joined hands around a juniper tree.They weren’t having a seance—the groupwas making a preliminary measurement ofwhat seems certain to be the biggest RockyMountain juniper in Colorado. They esti-mate the circumference at 15 feet 1 inch;official confirmation is awaited. (The Colo-rado record is 9 feet 10 inches; the worldrecord, held by a Utah tree, is 20 feet.)

Ensuring that such treasures are protect-ed and understood is up to newly appoint-ed Windstar Land Conservancy programcoordinator A.J. Thompson. She is orga-nizing educational information, signs andtrail construction, and has started a lectureseries featuring RMI staff and visitingscholars. Eventually, A.J. hopes theConservancy can host classes for childrenand offer guided tours in all seasons.

One of A.J.’s tools is a land-manage-ment plan drafted this summer by countywildlife biologist Mike Villa and RMIintern Julia Kertz. In addition to making

recommendations about biological moni-toring, staffing, and public access, the planoutlines how to restore Windstar to ecolog-ical stability. The valley bottom was oncewetland: restoring it will provide more for-age for a 600-strong elk herd, improvewater quality, reduce pond siltation, andincrease fish and migratory bird habitat.The plan proposes introducing nativegrasses to help stabilize the soil, fillingditches to reroute the stream to its naturalcourse, and perhaps reintroducingbeaver—the “furry engineers” designed forthis role.

Habitat restoration will support analready vibrant wildlife population. Visitingscholar J. Baldwin can attest to the healthof the existing community. Early onemorning he saw an unusually large yellowcat with a long tail skulking around agarbage can. It proved to be a mountainlion. Another night, hearing a thunderouscrash, he saw our local black bear, Bob (BigOle Bear), who had jumped from a fenceinto a dumpster.

The Windstar valley was originallyknown as Bohan Gulch after John Bohan,who homesteaded the area in 1895 to raiselivestock and hay for the booming localmining towns. John Jurick built a cabin onthe land in 1906, the remnants of which

may be eligible forlisting in theNational Register ofHistoric Places.

To identify andpreserve such cultur-al resources, theWindstar LandConservancy comis-sioned an archeologi-cal survey of theland. For the survey,archeologist TeriPaul interviewedJohn Jurick’s grand-son Bernie, who wasborn on the land in1931. His familygrew oats and pota-toes; the latter was acash crop in goodyears.



(continued from previous page)

RMI Shipping & Handling ChargesOrder Amount U.S. Canada$ 0.00–12.00 $2.50 $3.0012.01–20.00 3.50 4.5020.01–35.00 4.50 5.5035.01–50.00 6.00 7.50

50.01–100.00 7.00 9.00

We normally ship by first-class mail orUPS. For larger orders, express delivery, orshipments outside North America, pleasecall RMI. All charges are in U.S. currency.

Windstar’s record-breaking juniper.

Janet Urquhart

New Staff

Left to right: Windstar Land Conservancy land manager SteveAtterby, researcher Amy Seif, receptionist Sinda Wood, and researcherLee Novak. (Not pictured: Christine Schubert and Dan LeBlanc.)Farewell to Kate Mink, Carrie Scholl, and summer folks J. Baldwin,Gregg Osofsky, Karen Kho, Raphael Edinger, and Julia Kertz.

Kate Mink

implemented 95 percent of them. A perk:valuing workers for their ideas fosters com-pany pride and loyalty.

Energy efficiency is another tool for sus-tainable business. During difficult econom-ic times in the early ’80s, SouthwireCorporation cut its energy use per poundof product by half. The savings accountedfor almost all of the company’s profits forsix years, and probably saved 4,000 jobs.This is what Paul Hawken means by “fir-ing unproductive kilowatts,” not workers.

Energy savings apply to facilities as wellas to industrial processes. Typically, “green”building design not only saves money butalso improves worker productivity. This is acrucial point, since energy savings alone arenot always enough to motivate CEOs. As a1994 RMI study documented (see “Green-ing the Bottom Line,” fall/winter 1994newsletter), efficient design can increasepostal workers’ piecework rate and accura-cy, improve the quality of engineers’ draw-

ings, and reduce absenteeism among bankemployees—all adding measurably to prof-its and customer satisfaction.

Benefits cascade and interrelate: sustain-able practices mean good public relations,and good PR adds to business longevity. A1996 survey by Roper Starch Internationalshowed that 76 percent of Americanswould rather buy from retailers affiliatedwith good causes. Half of Americans, thestudy reports, think more highly of compa-nies that back green causes. As an executiveof Amsterdam’s NMB Bank, one of thecompanies profiled in the 1994 RMIstudy, notes: “The building has done won-ders for NMB’s image.… NMB is nowseen as a progressive, creative bank, and thebank’s business has grown dramatically.”

Any way you look at it, sustainablepractices pay off. As Yvon Chouinard,founder of Patagonia and no sustainabilityslouch, once said: “Every time we’ve donethe right thing, it’s ended up making usmore money.”

In September RMI closed on a$599,000 building that will providehousing within walking distance of the

Institute for up to eight staff. SeveralRMItes have already moved in and begunbrainstorming ideas for fixing up what hascome to be known as the “Cliff Dwelling”(after its vague resemblance to an Anasaziruin). Such as:

• How about including it in the RMItour as a passive-solar replica of MesaVerde, complete with live demonstrationsof corn grinding given by residents dressedin period costume?

• Or should RMI show Disney how it’sdone by creating the world’s first photo-voltaic-powered Haunted House that uses90 percent less electricity, 50 percent fewercobwebs, and 10-fold fewer ghosts, yet ischeaper, simpler, scarier, and easier tohaunt? (Remember, a 1-percent gain inproductivity alone pays for the combinedcapital cost of tombstones, crypts, and fogmachine.)

Call to register your vote today!But seriously, RMI is still seeking low-

interest loans to restructure its debt on theCliff Dwelling. We need to replace a$400,000 three-year bank bridge loan withlong-term notes (preferably 10–20 years) atmutually attractive interest rates.

If you would like to make a loan of$10,000 or more, please call comptrollerChristy Otis or treasurer Amory Lovins at970-927-3851. Our 40-plus private note-holders enjoy a perfect repayment record,and this new financing will bring RMI’sdebt service for all internal purposes up toonly about 6 percent of total income.

RMI CATALOG

The 1998 RMI Catalog is now avail-able. Call, fax, or email us for a freecopy. You can also order publicationsfrom our secure website (www.rmi.org).



The NewsletterThe Rocky Mountain Institute

Newsletter is published three times a yearand distributed to more than 22,000readers in the U.S. and throughout theworld.

Please ask us before reproducing, withattribution, material from the Newsletter.

LETTERS TO THE EDITORWe want to hear your comments,

criticism, or praise relating to any articleprinted in the Newsletter.

Please address all correspondence to:Newsletter Editor

Rocky Mountain Institute1739 Snowmass Creek RoadSnowmass, CO 81654-9199

(970) 927-3851 / fax (970) 927-3420Email: [email protected]

Web: http://www.rmi.org

EDITOR .......................................Dave ReedWRITERS...........Dave Reed, Auden SchendlerLAYOUT...................................Ema Tibbetts

About the InstituteRocky Mountain Institute is an inde-

pendent, nonpartisan, nonprofit researchand educational foundation with a visionacross boundaries.

Seeking ideas that transcend ideology,and harnessing the problem-solving powerof free-market economics, our goal is tofoster the efficient and sustainable use ofresources as a path to global security.

Rocky Mountain Institute believes thatpeople can solve complex problemsthrough collective action and their owncommon sense, and that understandinginterconnections between resource issuescan often solve many problems at once.

Founded in 1982, Rocky MountainInstitute is a §501(c)(3) /509(a)(1) pub-lic charity (tax-exempt #74-2244146). Ithas a staff of approximately 45 full-time,48 total. The Institute focuses its work inseveral main areas—corporate practices,community economic development, ener-gy, real-estate development, security, trans-portation, and water—and carries oninternational outreach and technical-exchange programs. Its E SOURCE sub-sidiary (1033 Walnut, Boulder, CO80302-5114, 1-800-E SOURCE,[email protected], www.esource.com)is the leading source of information onadvanced techniques for electric efficiency.

(continued from page 5)

DURABLE ENTERPRISE

CHEAPER, SIMPLER, SCARIER



Here are the highlights of RMI’s year so far:

Energy❧Wrote a 300-plus-page semitechnical

report, Small is Profitable: The HiddenEconomic Benefits of Making ElectricalResources the Right Size.

❧Influenced the climate-change debatewith “Climate: Making Sense andMaking Money” (see cover story).

❧Advised South African ministers andaddressed audiences in nine other coun-tries on energy efficiency.

❧Analyzed and proposed more efficientalternatives to three separate proposedpower plants in Hawaii.

Green Development❧Published Green Development: Integrating

Ecology and Real Estate, a book for devel-opers and other real-estate professionals,and a companion CD-ROM (see page4).

❧Secured the final two (of five) projects—a high school and a federal courthouse—for a multi-year experiment to test con-tractual incentives for designing moreefficient buildings.

❧Continued to participate in the winningbid to create an energy-efficient solarathletes’ village for the Sydney 2000Olympics.

❧Consulted on dozens of green projects,including the renovation of a Monsantocorporate campus, the SmithsonianNational Museum of the AmericanIndian, and an environmental educationcenter at Oberlin College.

Transportation❧Held dozens of high-level meetings with

American, European, and Asian carmak-ers to promote the hypercar concept andto create a consortium of manufacturersto build a prototype hypercar.

❧Addressed the National HydrogenAssociation, National Academy ofSciences, and many other influentialaudiences, and hosted a three-day work-shop for the Partnership for a New

Generation of Vehicles.❧Published papers on hypercar recycling,

lifecycle, and control issues, and fuel-cellhypercars.

❧Began creating web-based and printpublicity materials designed to introducethe hypercar concept to a mass audience.

Economic Renewal❧Wrote a booklet highlighting case studies

of sustainable-development initiatives inforest-dependent communities, and pre-pared to launch field tests.

❧Developed a tool to help communityleaders make important decisions moresustainably.

❧With the Florida House Foundation,helped pioneer a new approach to land-use planning.

❧Conducted the Economic Renewalprocess in nine communities in six states,and made introductory presentations in19 other communities.

Water❧Launched the Soft Water Path program,

a multi-year effort to promote significantreductions in human water use.

❧Provided assistance in British Columbia,Connecticut, and Virginia in support ofalternatives to dams and other supplyexpansions.

❧Made numerous presentations on waterefficiency, including a conferencekeynote in South Africa.

❧Helped incorporate a section on waterefficiency into the international “proto-col” for measuring and financing effi-ciency.

❧Led a scenario-building workshop onfuture management of wastewater plantbiosolids.

Corporate Sustainability❧Helped guide an annual sales conference

for Interface that encouraged participantsto make resource-efficiency improve-ments at a Hawaiian resort hotel, andused that experience as a metaphor forthe company’s own move toward sustain-

ability.❧Addressed the Conference Board and

other key industrial audiences.❧Under the auspices of the Systems

Group on Forests, coordinated nine taskforces in exploring ways to make theglobal forest industry sustainable.

❧Continued to write (with Paul Hawken)Natural Capitalism: The Worthy Employ-ment of People and Resources, for publica-tion in late 1998 or early ’99.

Windstar Land Conservancy❧Raised $200,000 toward endowing the

perpetual stewardship of the Windstarland, bringing the total raised to over$2.2 million for its acquisition and pro-tection.

❧Sponsored workshops, lectures, and kids’activities on the Windstar land, andhosted a June benefit for the WindstarLand Conservancy.

❧Drafted a land-management plan andarchaeological and biological surveys.

❧Eradicated thistles and began limited cat-tle grazing as first steps to restoring theland.

❧Repaired the Walker Wonder ditch andthe main building’s roof and septic sys-tem, and converted a garden shed to anenvironmental-education classroom.

Facilities & Operations❧Purchased a building within walking dis-

tance of the Institute to provide housingfor up to eight staff.

❧Continued to upgrade photovoltaic sys-tems and windows in RMI’s headquar-ters building.

Communications & Outreach❧Redesigned and greatly expanded the

RMI website.❧Created a broadcast-quality video reel of

RMI for publicity purposes.❧Fielded nearly 2,000 queries on topics

related to RMI’s work.❧Obtained coverage of RMI’s work in

hundreds of media.❧Hosted over 1,000 visitors.

1997: THE YEAR IN REVIEW

Thanks

Dear Friends,

We used to call RMI’s annual donor appeal “Putting All Our Begs in One Askit.” We can’t call it that anymore, since we’re nowin the middle of a year-round capital campaign to create an endowment for the stewardship of the Windstar land, which RMIhelped purchase and place under perpetual protection late last year.

Nevertheless, we remain committed to our low-key approach to fundraising, and to our policy of not selling, renting, or lendingour mailing list. And although we no longer can put all our begs in just one askit, we do still manage to avoid the pitfalls experi-enced by many organizations: RMI is still focused on what it gives rather than on what it can get.

As we move through RMI’s 16th year, it is interesting to look at the Institute’s development in “people” terms. Traditionally, 16 isan age at which young Americans begin to reach maturity and become aware of themselves as independent entities. So, too, RMI isincreasingly being sought for advice by corporations and governments, and is bringing to market the products of its research. TheInstitute is not only growing but maturing: becoming more insightful, more effective, perhaps even more wise. As it does, your giftsof support go further: in 1997 we expect to earn more than one-third of our total revenue.

Our end-of-the-year request for general operating support will be sent out separately. As corporate doors open wider, our long-term goal of financial self-sufficiency is looking more realistic; but for now, we still need and ask for your donations. As the Institutematures further, we shall continue to need your partnership in developing and distributing our work, but trust that we will graduallybecome able to ask more for your sense than for your dollars.

Everyone at the Institute joins us in thanking you for your support and in sending best wishes for the season to you and yours.May peace be with you and with the world.

Sincerely,

L. Hunter Lovins Amory B. LovinsPresident & Executive Director Vice President & Treasurer



INSTITUTE SUPPORTERSOur sincere appreciation is offered to these friends who have contributed to RMI.

Please let us know if your name has been omitted or misspelled so it can be corrected in the next issue.

GENERAL SUPPORT DONATIONS

BEGS, ASKITS, AND AN INSTITUTE COMING OF AGE


Donations receivedbetween 1 May and31 August 1997 arelisted. Numbers inparentheses indicatemultiple donations.

BENEFACTORS$10,000 AND OVER

The Compton FoundationThe Charles Stewart Mott

FoundationThe Energy FoundationThe Surdna FoundationThe Turner FoundationThe W. Alton Jones FoundationMary & John A. FrantzJohn A. (Jay) Harris IVLee Eng LockKobra International, Ltd, on

behalf of Nicole Miller, inmemory of Eric Konheim

PATRONS$1,000–$9,999

Anonymous (1)Ben & Jerry’sEarth Share (5)Home DepotR.E.M./Athens, L.L.C.The Tides FoundationMichael Edesess & Dyan

ZaslowskyColleen & Bud Konheim, in

memory of Eric KonheimTheodore PapalexopoulosSusan & W. Ford SchumannHelen C. SeveringhausFrances K. TysonKay Unger Pitman, in memory

of Eric Konheim

SPONSORS$100–$999

Anonymous (1)Energy Plus, Inc.The Quaker Hill FoundationVenetia’s Boutique, Inc., in

memory of Eric KonheimUnited Way of Santa Clara

County (2)United Way of King CountyJohn AbramsHenry E. AllenLorraine P. AndersonPeter AndreyukJohn BackstromMaurice A. BenoitCarolyn & Daniel BergerEsther & Francis L. BlighJohn W. ChristensenArthur ColeSarah R. ColeBill C. ColemanMargaret & Charles D. EvansMark FriedmanGayle & Lars A. GarrisonJack W.L. GoeringSara & Eugene GoinRoger A. Goldman, in memory

of Eric KonheimArthur GoldsteinDr. & Mrs. Richard H. GoodwinSadja Greenwood, in honor of

Sylvia Earle

Hildegarde K. HannumNancy HansonDorothy B. HesseJohn HirschiBeth C. Hollister, in memory of

David Thomas ChaseNancy Jackson & Eberhard

RammJane & Joseph Kasov, in memo-

ry of Eric KonheimHoward KleeMr. & Mrs. Walter LambDavid LambMike LeuckBarbara & John LewingtonRicardo Pasada MagonaMr. & Mrs. Bill MahoneyMyron A. MannDavid MarslandBrett J. Meyer, in memory of

Eric KonheimKai MillyardDrs. Robert C. Murphy &

Georgia E. FosterSauw Tet NgEdwin B. ParkerDr. & Mrs. Robert H. Potts Jr.

William R. PriceWilliam & Elizabeth ReillySteven & Estelle J. Rose, in

memory of Eric KonheimJoan Simon, Inc.Mr. & Mrs. John Stevens, IVBob StollJames L. Townsend Jr.Helen & Avery TuckerJudy & John TylerKaren WalkerJonas WeilMr. & Mrs. William E.

WesterbeckFrancis M. Wheat, Esq.Dr. Raymond Wright

ASSOCIATES$1–$99

Anonymous (4)Aspen Writers’ FoundationUnited Way of King CountyDr. & Mrs. Donald Aitken Jr.Lorraine P. AndersonE. Coury ArmstrongNancy & John Artz

William M. BaldwinGordon C. Baskett, IIIMary Catherine BatesonMaureen & Joe S. BenincasaWilliam & Margaret BerryJacqueline BogardKathie K. BrownKent BuhlIrene & Clark W. Bullard, IIIGail BundyMolly ButlerJane Campbell & Ted ZiliusRalph O. Canaday, Jr.Mr. & Mrs. Jim CanteleMargarida Carvalho e SilvaMichael E. ChampagneCheryl A. Chipman, in memory

of Henry FilipSusan & Michael ClementsSy ColemanPeter CondakesAda & George Allen CookR.L. DaleBarbara & James DanielsLois-Ellin Datta (4)Lawrence DavinoDonald D. Davis

Thanks

David E. DeanMike DerzonMr. & Mrs. John A. DistlerMary K. DoughertyWilliam J. DuffyMr. & Mrs. Brad DunnBarbara & John A. EiseleJohn M. Ely, Jr.Rhea & Larry EstesKim & Marshall EvansMarshall D. FarrierAvis & Jeff FisherHoney S. Fishman, in memory of

Eric KonheimNancy Flynn-SilvaMarjorie & Brian GaffikinMr. & Mrs. George G. GardnerJacek GhoshIrma & Norman GillespieSandy GoldBobby GraysonCharmaine & Kinard HadenMr. & Mrs. Arvid Hagen

Cheryl HardyKelly L. HarrisJanet & Michael HarrisonBach Mai & Russell L. HartDaniel L. HartRobert A. HaysKaren & Thomas HeikkalaBarbara & Joe H. HindorffThomas E. Hitchins & Shelly

ShapiroDwight Holmes, in honor of

Douglas B. Holmes for JohnWilson

Mary C. Houser, in memory ofHenry Filip

Margaret E. HoutsRaymond L. HubbardCharles HudsonWilliam A. HughesMarvina Lepianka & Charles

JaffeeDonna & Jeffrey A. JaffeeDixie & Maan Jawad

Caroline A. JohnsonDana JudyJohn E. KassayJohn KatzenbergerWilliam O KeithCorinne Domecq & Daniel C.

KennerPhilip W. KleinRocky & Cordula Koga & FamilyKristina & Rob Krakovitz, M.D.Gerald L. KregerSue & George A. KresovichJoseph KruthChris KuykendallBetty J. LeechRobin LeenhoutsTimothy E. LehaneMarion B. LeonardNell F. LePlaGeoffrey H. LesterWalter LinckBarbara & Irwin LindenDeanne R. LindstromNicholas S. Lowell

Judy A.I. LyleSandra MalloryDavid A. MartensStephen S. MatterMavis McCormicJean & Daniel K. McCoubreySarah S. McCoyShannon Rose McEnteeJohn E. Menger, in honor of

Jenny Menger, ChristinaPaulsen, Theodor Glysen, andVictor “Vick” Reinders

Annette Mercer & Alexis P.Wieland

Sylvia & Sam MessinNation MeyerWalt MiziukJoseph & Cynthia MoffatTim MorrissetteCherry MoyerThomas NelsonLouise & Erik NelsonRussell NerlickJoyce & Tom Nipper

Tyler Norris & Juliana ForbesWilliam E. OneillArthur PayneClayton PedersonJane Walker PfisterDiana & Gary G. Phelps, in

memory of Glenn PhelpsRichard F. PlageRichard M. PuskarPaul M. RaetherJoanna ReeseMichael D. Rettagliata, in memo-

ry of Eric KonheimKathleen & Marc RingelCatherine L. RobbinsSheryl RobinsonAnne P. RobisonEli RubinsteinW. Ralph SchaeferMr. & Mrs. John SchukmanRosemary Cseh-Senn & James

F. SennCarol & Ted SkowronekDoug Smith

Janet M. SmithJack J. Snyder, IVElaine V. StannardKim StevensonElaine S. Cook & Zhahai StewartDale StilleBeverly & James TaylorLaurel Toussaint & Tom BikMr. & Mrs. W. Henry TuckerJohn C. Twombly, in memory of

Leonard KalalLynn VincentnathanJames S. WeinbergRosemary L. Wessel, in honor of

Bonnie BarnesPhil WhiteMark S. WigerMr. & Mrs. Jeffrey A. WilkinsonMr. & Mrs. Sam K. WilliamsGregory WolfeElizabeth & John G. YinglingAlan Young




SECURING THE FUTURE CAMPAIGN

Included are all 1995–97 gifts and pledges asof 31 August 1997.RMI appreciates thegenerosity of all theanonymous donors.

LAND LEGACY CIRCLE

$100,000 and over

Anonymous gift in honor of thewisdom of the grandparents,as exemplified by Farley Sheldon and Miriam & GeraldLovins

Gates Family FoundationGreat Outdoors Colorado Trust

FundThe Kresge FoundationJohn D. & Catherine T.

MacArthur FoundationMonsanto FundPitkin County Open Space &

Trails

PHILANTHROPISTS$50,000 to $99,999

Give to the Earth FoundationHunter & Amory LovinsSusan & W. Ford Schumann

GUARANTORS$25,000 to $49,999

Mary & Myron Curzan Lee Eng LockHelen & James T. MillsDiana & Jonathan RoseMary Jane & Michael

Underwood

BENEFACTORS$10,000 to 24,999

Annie & Mac Stewart Bell Susanne B. BushSteven M. FoxJohn B. Gilpin

Dorine & Seymour LevineNatural Resources Conservation

ServiceCarol NoyesTina Robinson & Irvin BuppRocky Mountain Elk FoundationMargaret & Byron Wolfe

SUSTAINERS$5,000 to $9,999

Drs. Mary & John FrantzTom HormelRuth KapesRobin Henry PhotographyMichael StranahanAndrew TobiasDyan Zaslowsky & Michael

Edesess

SUPPORTERS$2,500 to $4,999

Wayne CogswellRosamond A. DeanSusan Krivin & David

Ohanesian, in honor of AlbertP. & Eleanor S. Krivin

Judith Moffatt, in memory ofGlenn Olson

Joan NorrisHensley & James PetersonFranz P. ReichsmanRobert J. Schloss

PATRONS$1,000 to $2,499

Leyna Bernstein BarnesJim, Regina, Becky, & Logan

BockRobert M. BoyarWilliam BrowningJoan & Rob CarneVirginia M. CollierAnne S. CookeMichael Cummings, in memory

of Marcia BohnenRolanda & Kev DerderianGAG Charitable CorporationEsther & Richard H. Goodwin Sr.Don HenleyBarbara & Gerald Hines

Richard L. JentgenSara & Bill JoyWard T. Kane, The Kane Family

FoundationRuth & Robert KevanJoan & James LearyGeorge M. MarkoGary MullardAnthony P. PennockMariann Quinn Frank R. Schiavo, in memory of

Dick Davis Cathleen & Peter SchwartzBradford G. StanbackFrances TysonElizabeth & Tom Wagner

SPONSORS$500 to $999

Natalie & Daniel AlpertPeter BarnesBarbara & David ButlerVictor DanielsLucy Fellowes, in memory of

N.A. FellowesRichard C. GoodwinSarah GrovesDavid B. HartwellConnie HarveyKate & Geir JordahlDenise Jurgens & Kevin

MesserschmidtLinda and Robion KirbyJean & Walter LambKristin & Craig LaughlinMcFlynn Pickett Doremus &

WhitsittMaxwell MiltonGary MullardBarbara & Daniel PackardMark M. Paulsen, M.D.Dr. & Mrs. Robert H. Potts, Jr.Mr. & Mrs. Robert T. ReedSt. Benedict’s MonasteryLynda SimmonsDr. Richard SteckelStubbs, Collenette & Associates,

Inc.Elizabeth & Michael TheleMaggie WoodsSusan, Ralph, Leah, Evan, &

Joey Wrons

FRIENDS$100 to $499

Above It All Balloon Co., Inc.Kris & John AbshireJennifer & Paul Adams, in mem-

ory of Marion B. AdamsMartha & David AlleeNatalie & Daniel AlpertAlpine Bank, BasaltAmerican Bass Assn., Inc.Christina & Christopher

AndersonDorothy AndersonLorraine AndersonRobert A. AndersonStuart H. AndersonPeter AndreyukIngrid AntonyMary & Richard AshChristine A. Asher & Mark R.

CampbellAspen Camp School for the DeafAspen Wilderness WorkshopArthur A. AtkinsonArthur H. AtkinsonMary J. Baggerman & Philip W.

JohnsonWanda S. BallentineMonica & Paul Bancroft IIIJudith Barnard & Michael FainMary Louise & Joseph BatesJacque Battle & David FrankCecilia & William BennettJanie & John BennettMary & Keith BlackmoreJohn L. BoehneDaniel H. Boone, in memory of

Daniel R. BooneJean & Ernest BoyceCheryl & Ralph BradenCabell BrandEleanor BrickhamLaurie A. BrittainMary & William BundyShelley BurkeWilliam BusickJudith Byrns & Joe BerquistKenneth P. CantorMargaret & Chris CappyBarbara & Bruce CarneyCenter for Energy StudiesPeter ChanAnnie ChappellPatricia Cherney

Joe R. ChovanAlbert ChristensenClanton EngineeringAmy & Paul ClarkDr. John & Jean Cobb Jr.Dr. Joseph & Sally ConklinSteve ConnorAda & George CookCriterion Engineers/PlannersAnne & John CroninMary Catherine & Ruben

Davalos, M.D.Sandra & Robert DawyotElizabeth & W. Mark Day, in

memory of AndrewWoodhouse Valentine

Design Group ArchitectsRosemary Di Nardo & Michael

KennistonJean & John DistlerMarilyn & Robert DixonArthur Dubow, Arthur Dubow

Foundation Hans Dumoulin, M.D.Katheryn & H. Brad DunnBarbara & John EiseleFred ElmerEnvironmental Futures, Inc.Peter EwingLinda B. FabeDorothy & John FankhauserDebra & Patrick FarverLinda & Leon FiskJudy & Kenneth FootDottie FoxMartha & Ralph FredeMark FriedmanGatley & Assoc.Carol GaultMarian & August Gerecke, Jr.Sara & C. Eugene GoinGordman Investments/Real

EstateGraham Contracting, Inc.Granny Gear Productions, Inc.,

in memory of Lt. Col. H.E.Knight

Dale GraySadja Greenwood, in honor of

Sylvia EarlMargie & John HaleyDavid C. HallAnn & Patrick HalterSonia Ruth Weinstock Hamel &

Jean-Francois Hamel

Kalen & Karin Hammann, Ph. D.Hammerhead ConstructionShawn & Dustin HarrisRobert A. HaysRichard HeedeEdward H. HelmAnne Hillman & George E.

ComstockCpt. & Mrs. William A. HingerHirschi Investments, in honor of

Jean Ann HirschiSteven R. HirschtickNancy HirshbergKatharyn S. HokCarolyn & John HoltonDavid J. HoughtonRebecca & Jonathan Howard, in

memory of Peg & SaulBuxbaum

Damon P. HowattDeborah & Fisher HoweRobin & Mike HoyThera Joyce & Bruce HunnKermit Hunter, in honor of

Amory LovinsThomas L. IckesInnsbruck InnCatherine & Jud IrelandDana L. JacksonErik Jansson, M.D.Anne Fitten Jones & Andrew

JonesJohn C. Jones, Jr.Donald KeckKenneth H. KellerSarge KennedyPeter F. KilkusMichael KinsleyWilliam A. KintTerry KinzelSamuel KjellmanKonrady Plastics, Inc.Gari KrogsengKristin Kron & G. Theodore

DavisDenise & Brock KwiatkowskyDr. & Mrs. Patrick LallyCarol & Thomas LammJosh LamplCarol R. Langner & Fritz

FritschelEulah C. LaucksPeggy Lauzon & Tim KellyPeter LawrenceLowell Lebermann

Thanks

Elaine & Robert LeBuhnWolfgang LechleitnerNell F. LePlaRobert Levin, M.D., J.D.Line & Space ArchitectsDarcey & Steven LoberWendy B. LorenEthel LossingLinda Loy, in memory of S.W.

AndersonDaniel B. LucachickSam LuxtonMargaret & Daniel LynchThe Mace Family, in memory of

Stuart MaceLaura P. MaggosJoel MakowerMyron A. MannJan & Robert MarkerConstance & David MarlowMardie & Robert MarshallMiriam & William Marshall, in

memory of Paul LappalaJohn J. MaxwellJean & Joel McCormackRonald L. McLindenDr. Judy MesserMargarita & Donald MetzgerGail & Andrew MeyerPeter C. MilhollandPeter H. MillerPeter M. MillerKate MinkPeggy & Barry Mink, M.D.Johnny M. Mullen, in memory of

Benjamin MullenKazuhiko NagayamaRobin Brown-Newberg &

Stephen NewbergJ.D. & V.R. NewboldScott NewmanStephen NicholsMorris J. Nicholson, M.D.Georgiana & Kenneth NielsenAnn Richards NitzeBarry Northrop, in memory of

Stan Niemczycki, Sr.Edwin Nystrom, Jr., in honor of

Kittie SpencePatricia T. O’ConnorAvis R. OgilvyLisa OrtizLynn & William OsbornKyle & Thomas Osborne, IIIJohn OsgoodOverly Construction Co.Katherine & Paul PageEdwin ParkerVirginia ParkerAmy & Kent PattonGlenda C. PehrsonHolly G. Pence & Elliot J. ZaisDr. Gregory K. PennistonMargaret & David Penoyer, Jr.Alison G. PetersSusan S.H. PhillipsRick PietrusiakPaul O.H. PigmanDiana Prechter & Kent ColeNiki Eir QuesterNan & Andrew QuirozAdele & Christopher RathboneRCL Agencies, Inc.Red Hill Dezignz, Inc.Robert T. ReedAndrea & Kelly ReimanAlice Kleberg ReynoldsJack RobertsBlake RodgersMarietta & Pier Luigi RoselliniKaren M. Rossie & William J.

RehmKaren S. RunyonAnita E. RusselGary D. Sabula

Marnie Schaetti & JohnBranscombe

Barbara Jean Schickler &George Lawrence

Mimi SchlumbergerRandy K.R. SchmidtDorna SchroeterJoyce & John SchwartzJoyce & Paul SchwerAlaine & John Seastrom, in

memory of “Pat” HookGillian & Basil SeatonSherman SeldenChristine & William ShahanMary Jo & Robin ShawBurnette T. SheffieldDwight ShellmanDr. & Mrs. Edward M. ShepardSloan ShoemakerLuis Silva, in honor of Caderno

VerdeLouise & John SingletonJames SkinnerKathryn & Robert Sloan, in

honor of Mary Beth & JeffSloan

Mary & Peter SmithVictoria SmithLouise & Florian SmoczynskiSouth Mountain Co., Inc.F.T. Sparrow & Assoc.Stacy StandleySteamboat Architectural

Associates, P.C.Ellen & Doc StephensGordon StewartGeraldine St. OngeDuncan StorlieAngelica & William SturmPhyllis & Robert ThromThunderbolt Services, Inc.Timberland CompanyMichael P. TottenJohn C. Twombly, in memory of

Leonard KalalJoanna UnderwoodCheryl L. ValloneSally & John Van SchaickNina Veregge & Douglas BrewJames W. VersockiPaul Wack, AICPJudy Waite, in honor of Carol

YoungBarbara Warren, M.D., M.P.H.Tom WarrenSusan & Seward WeberFred E. WeedMargaret & William WesterbeckFrancis Wheat, Esq.Priscilla & Timothy White, in

memory of Alex WhitePam Wicks & Ted Flanigan Harry R. WilkerLynn & Louis WilleEllen & Bruce WilliamsBillie Ann & Sam WilliamsTina & Calvin WillisKoichi YamauchiAnne Marie Siu Yuan & Peter

BacchettiConradine G. Zarndt, in honor of

John Zarndt

ASSOCIATES$1 to $99

Anonymous gift in memory ofEvelyn S. (Gahm) Patrick

Dr. & Mrs. Donald Aitken, Jr.Dorothy & David AllenSusan & Eric AndersonMichael P. AndreyukE. Coury ArmstrongJanie ArnoldNancy & John Artz

Layne BadgerMary-Lane BakerNancy & Marvin BallantynePaul BarnesMr. & Mrs. Robert C. BarrettJohn Barrie Associates

ArchitectsThomas John BarryTeresa BarthEleanor & Albert BartlettRex L. BavousettDiane Pitcher BedellElizabeth & Edward BeeleyDominick BelardoMaureen & Joe BenincasaMildred & Edward BennettJohn BentleyMarjorie & Gary BergstromMichelle A. Berkowitz & Anthony

M. LeofskyCarol & Robert BertrandBart BickleCheryl L. BirdsallRebecca A. BiscaroLaura & Kurt BittnerLesly Black & Vance LemleyMargaret BlankleyStuart BloodDorothy & James BorlandJill & Mark BoyceAlan L. BoyerDorothy & Rick BradleyThe Bradylong FamilyMargot A. BrauchliSally & Dick BrighamSusan & William BrooksKathie K. BrownEmily & Sylvester BrownLt. Col. & Mrs. Donald G.

BrowningCharlotte Fineberg-Buchner &

Clark Buchner, IIIB. Russell Buck, IIIKent BuhlAnne & Jim BurksStephen BurnsBob BurrowMatthew M. BurtRenee CadyBradley W. CameronBeverly A. CampbellJennifer & Jim CanteleKathryn & Jefferson CarletonBob CarpenterLinda & Kit CasparJoy M. CaudillCynthia & Roy ChamberlinNorene & Thomas ChaseCheryl A. ChipmanTracy & Jim ClaflinVictoria & John ClancyAnne K. ClareTheresa & Rodney ClaryTheresa E. Collins, in honor of

Katherine G. CollinsKurt J. CongerJohn ConnellBruce ConneryElaine S. Cook & Zhahai StewartG. Allen CookMary Lou & Courtney CookPeter B. CookPatricia A. CooperNancy & Joe CorpeningSherilyn J. CoulterToby CraigJacqueline & Douglas CrockettSusan CrowJohn CummingsJill CurranC.W. DahlgreenR. Gordon Dailey, Jr.R. L. DaleSteve DarrowChristine Daum

Davi & Leaman, Inc.Lawrence DavinoCatriona Davies & Dean KubaniDon DeanMargaret DeAnda & Daniel

GallagherTony DearsleyLynnette DeBell & Michael R.

GrierLynda & John Del NeroPaul DeMaioAndrea De Majewski & Nikola

DavidsonWilliam L. DenneenMarilyn & Robert DerricksonAlison & A. Gardner DeWitt, IIIC. DillowKaren Di Matteo, in honor of

Fourth Grade Classes at LandO’ Pines Elementary School

Displays for JewelrySusan Clairmore Dix & Michael

DixGeoffrey E. Dolbear, Ph.D.Doyle A. DornerSusan Kerns Durnell & D. T.

DurnellWilliam W. DurrellDonald H. DyallEber ConstructionEvan D. ElaEric C. ElderingElyse Elliott & Jeremy BernsteinMarion & Merritt ElmoreThomas J. ElpelJohn M. Ely, Jr.Emanon, Inc.Steven EpsteinE-Roof, Inc.Rhea & Larry EstesBrent EubanksKim & Marshall EvansRichard FagerstromChristopher J. FastnerEileen Faughey & Ronald G.

HaddadDonna FeinerSandra & Peter FessendenLisa A. FigueroaDouglas J. FinkGeorge N. FinleyAvis & Jeff FisherElizabeth Nystedt Fletcher &

Richard A. FletcherKim & David FloriaPenney Floyd & Chuck LakinFluid Applied Construction

TechnologyNancy Flynn-SilvaCarolynne FoltzJuliana Forbes & Tyler NorrisMonica & Raleigh FossSusan O’Terra FosterTad S. FosterJohn J. FritzMario GattiRichard G. GelwickRay V.D. GerhartCarla S. GerrardCheryl Lynne GerschMark GibsonJean Giddings & William ButlerRebekah & Thomas GilpinMary & Mark GiorgettiJoAnn GlassierJoe GleasonAlice & George GlessMarshall GlickmanMartha Sue & Louis GoldmanBobby GraysonJean & Michael GreenP.A. GreenbergKate Greenspan & Steven

EpsteinJudd R. Groden

Col. Wesley A. GroesbeckRichard L. GrossmanJohn GusdorfSherry & Ted GuzziDiane HallDavid M. HalpernCurtis HamiltonSandra Hamilton & Harvey

SchwartzBruce HansonNancy Caroline HarneyKelly L. HarrisBach Mai & Russell HartRichard HathawayShirley HathawayLinda L. HealdGarvin HeathPatti J. HechtHeffron InvestmentsCarol & Tony HendersonCarl L. HennJan & George HernandezMolly K. HiattBarbara J. HibbardDavid HiserTina HobsonLoren HockemeyerElizabeth A. HoffmannArvid HogenMargaret & Charles HollowellKatherine R. HopkinsMary & Wilfred HowarthPeter G. HowsePatricia A. Huberty Miriam HuelsmannRon HuffmeierWilliam A. HughesRoy W. HunterMichael P. HydroRob HyksJean & Stephen IlsleyDr. G.K. InghamDavid W. InouyeKatia & John JacobsJohn JeffriesJane & William JenningsEric D. JohansonCarla Johnson & Michael GuilfoilEric Seth JohnsonKathleen & George JonesJames G. JonesMaggie JonesPatricia & Robert JonesKate & Geir JordahlDana JudyIrene & Al JuvshikDebora & Keith Kaback, M.D.Jacob H. KahnJeffrey L. KaplanJoanna KarlSally & Franklin P. KearneyMary Louise & Joseph KearnsJulie & Russell Keaten-ReedWilliam O. KeithAnn & C.W. KellerCarol & Bruce KelleyElizabeth & William KelloggKathleen KentIrene & Charles KilzerLois Barty KingNancy & Bryan Kirkpatrick, in

honor of Camp WinonaLoretta & Allan KironJonathan C. KirschnerDolores & Tarver Kitchens, Jr.Kenneth KlacikStacie A. Knapp, in memory of

Dell KnappEvelyn V. KnazekJeffrey P. KnightHarold M. KnowltonCarolyn A. Koch, in memory of

Russell GagnonDinah Koehler, in honor of

Isabelle Headrick & Michael

HorewitzJeanne Deignan-Kosmides &

George KosmidesKraft Construction Joseph KruthRobert KuchtaRichard KuehnerVivianne & Robert KurzweilCynthia & Michael LambertiDaisy & Daniel LaPomaDavid M. LarsenKnud LarsenKatherine & Lee LarsonLois & Donald LaughlinSuzanne & Kevin Law, in honor

of Ethan Thomas PutnamJeffrey M. LeahyMary & Joseph LechugaPatrick LeedsRobin LeenhoutsJeanette H. LeeteTimothy E. LehaneBarbara Wertz-Leiden & Charles

LeidenMarion & Lee LeisersonMarvina Lepianka & Charles

JaffeeGeoffrey H. LesterRob LeventhalLifeStream, Inc.Martha J. Lillie & Anthony G.

WhiteRoger LippmanDavid N. Little, in memory of

Neil LittleLinda M. LockwoodPatricia Logan & Karl CitekFrances A. LudwigMichael MacDonald, dba Mobil

Wax SystemsMr. & Mrs. Joseph E. MackeyLeslie P. MadsenRobert A. MarkerJohn Paul MasoneFrank M. MastersCapt. Jeffrey M. MathieuJoseph MatyM.W. MaxwellAndrew H. McCallaLaura Mazza-McNerney &

Timothy McNerneyCynthia Metzep-McCarty &

Shawn McCartySheryl & Michael McCloudJean & Daniel K. McCoubreyDiana McCourtSarah S. McCoySheila McElhinneyLaura E. McNeillJames F. McVayRobert S. MeansChad MedcroftJohn Menger, in honor of Jenny

Menger, Christina Paulsen,Theodor Glysen, & Victor “Vic” Reinders

Annette Mercer & Alexis P.Wieland

Wayne MessereSylvia & Sam MessinConnie & Philip MicklinMichaela E. MillardBonnie & Gabor MiskolczyWalt MiziukEllen & Charles MoonBetty & Robert MooreJennifer MooreCindy E. Moran & Todd M.

BroadieFrank A. MorettiMarleen & Seth MorganPam MorganByard W. Mosher, IVTatyana & Milton Moss




ThanksFALL/WINTER 1997 ROCKY MOUNTAIN INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER

NONPROFIT ORG.

U.S. POSTAGE

PAID

DENVER, COLORADO

PERMIT NO. 1278

Rocky Mountain Institute1739 Snowmass Creek RoadSnowmass, Colorado 81654-9199

Printed on 100-percent recycled paper with soy-based inks

CHANGESERVICEREQUESTED

David MuellerMary Ellen & Herman MuenchenWilliam T. MurphyLinda & Frederick MuschenheimEileen & Guido MuzzarelliEdward MyersHerminia & Thomas NeetEdward J. Nelson, Jr.Jacqueline A. NeurauterVirginia NewmanJane M. NicolichLynda J. Nicolls, in memory of

Frank E. NicollsEd NiemanJonathan K. NiermannDenise M. O'ConnorJudy & Neil O’DonnellWilliam S. O’DonnellNancy & Clifford O’NeillElna & Greg OttoJohn C. Otto, in honor of

Amanda OttoMathew E. OvereemRobert F. PaashausPacific Technology AssociatesJoseph A. Padula, in memory of

Angela DeVito PadulaJoseph T. ParisiLinda K. PaulmanArthur PayneClayton PedersonPemd Education GroupJudith & Terry PenneyMargaret & David PenoyerKristine Permild & Sam HarrisThomas A. PerrigoDonna M. Petrangelo

Charles PettyElsie & Charles PettyJane Walker PfisterDiana & Gary Phelps, in memory

of Glenn PhelpsIna & Mason PhelpsMargaret E. PhilbrickMarci & Lance PittlemanJean & James PletcherShawn PorterRobert H. Potts, Jr.Geoffrey PritchardNancy K. Quinn & Ronald D.

FreundNancy W. RathborneMark RaulstonChad ReeseShelagh & Terrence ReganJill & Charles ReiterGretchen Renshaw & Robert A.

ZwisslerDon RevisBarbara & John RheadLarry RiceAl RichardsonDavid A. RichieDan RidgewayDon RiggsVickie M. RightmyreCarrie & Roger RingerRobin & David RittenhouseJill RobinsonWilliam J. RobinsonMarc RosenbaumAndrea RowanMary & Siegfried RoyChris Royer

John RubelEli RubinsteinBryan J. RuffnerHans A. SackCatherine I. SandellMary & Robert SanzMichael E. Saxe, in memory of

Don LamsonW. Ralph SchaeferJames P. SchaefferMeyer ScharlackBetty Jane & Arthur SchlachterMarlene & Raymond SchneiderLinda & John SchukmanLouis J. SchultzKathleen & Jon ScottSuzanne M. ScottShirley & Roland “Bud” SeatonJohn M. SeitzRosemary Cseh-Senn & James

F. SennShelly Shapiro & Thomas E.

HitchinsLori Shields & Stephen G.

ConnorFawn & John ShillinglawGabriel ShirleyNancy & Dip SidhuSierra Solar SystemsSigns & Designs by WandaAnthony SimmondsEve & Ernest SimonMatthew SimonNancy Lampka Simpson &

Walter SimpsonRandall SinnerSylvia SkolnickPeter B. Sloan, in honor of Mary

Beth & Jeff SloanAlyce & David SmithBarbara W. SmithJennifer SmithMitchell Smith dba SolarSmithShane SmithSusan Fralick Snyder & William

SnyderMarie-Dolores E. SolanoNarvel Somdahl, in honor of DadRebecca G. SparksLouise & Timothy SpearsGail & Gregory Speer, M.D.Terrence P. SpencerNicole Spiegelthal & Bradley AckChris SpringerWanda & Bob StadumCharles E. StanzioneEllen M. StapenhorstDorothy & Walter Stark, in

memory of Irene DickinsonBelle StarrSana StarrDierdre A. Stegman & Oliver R.

Bock Pegi & James StentzGail StewartDale StilleNancy Jo Stockford & Mark

Huston, in honor of ChipStockford & Wally Huston

Forrest S. StoddardSusan & Geoffrey StoneMarion & Thomas StonerWilliam M. StraserNancy & Byron StutzmanH. Cassedy Sumrall, Jr.Sunheart

Richard L. SweeneyDoris & L. Bob SwehlaDiana Taracena & Richard

Figge IIJesse S. TatumVirginia E. TaylorHarry Teague ArchitectsKen ThomasThompson WoodworksCarol M. ThompsonDonald K . ThompsonLinda & John ThorntonPeggy & Tod TibbettsNancy W. Fry ToddLeah & Ed TuterDavid R. TwitchellMolly & John UglesLucile & Allan UlrichSandra & James UsseryJudith & Terry ValenRoger W. ValentineMarie Valleroy & Alan LocklearHank W. Van BerloVentecDeborah VogelJay VossErika D. Walker & Donald

Weinshenker, in honor of JerryWalker

Susan & Tom WasingerBob WallaceScott WallaceMargaret Watson & Bruce

EricksonDiane L. WeberMarion WeberRichard WeeksJames S. Weinberg

Adam Werbach, in honor ofAmory's & Hunter's vision

Rosemary L. Wessel, in honor ofBonnie Barnes

Philip WestDon WestbrookRobert WestbyCathy & Craig WheelerWilliam H. WheelerDavid J. WhitbeckMr. & Mrs. Gerald R. Whitcomb,

in memory of George L.Whitcomb

Virginia J. Whitcomb Dr. Mary-Alice WhitePhil WhiteDonna & Charles WhitleyBarbara & O.J. WhittemoreSharon & Michael WildermuthBette & Perry Wilkes, Jr.Consuelo & Jeffrey WilkinsonMark J. WillbieLorraine WiltseRoy WoodWilliam S. WoodruffAlexis WoodsPaul Yahnke, in memory of my

grandfather, Ted YahnkeElizabeth & John YinglingTrudy & Richard ZaunerKaren & Robert ZellmanHolly A. Zimmerman, in honor of

Peter De Crescenzo, LoriAustin & Tom Bantz, andBonnie Nitta & Jack Scherrer

John S. Zinner


rocky mountain institute newsletter fall/winter 1997 · “command-and-control” strategies. most...

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