Ahmad Al-Jifri

Outline• Introduction

• Abortion• Timeline• Charts and Numbers

• Roe v Wade: The Case (Abortion)• Roe: Her Side• Wade: His Side• Background of the Case• Case 1• Supreme Court

• Conclusion• Methods of Abortion

Roe v Wade is the case that legalized abortion

Abortion : the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy. Any of various surgical methods for terminating a pregnancy, especially during the first six months.

A vacuum aspiration abortion at eight weeks gestational age (six weeks after fertilization).1: Amniotic sac2: Embryo3: Uterine lining4: Speculum5: Vacurette6: Attached to a suction

•Abortion in Islam: Abortion in Islam is allowed in the first trimester, but after that it is not allowed. Some scholars have argued that it is not allowed at all, because the fetus is a life but it has been argued if it is a full life or a partial life..

•Abortion in Christianity: Christians (especially Catholics) are strictly against Abortion, because of the nature of the fetus.

•Abortion in Judaism: In Judaism abortion is alike Christianity but not as strict, it is allowed if it will harm the mother but it is not allowed if the fetus has any imperfections.

1850 to 1900Starting with

Massachusetts, nearly all states pass laws banning abortion

1962 to 197321 states legalized

abortion (rape, fetus damage, health risks)

Jan 22, 1973Roe v Wade:

U.S. Supreme Court legalizes abortion in all states. Except in late trimesters (excluding health risk cases).*

1976 to 2000The Roe v Wade case opened up a door for many other cases in

the subject of abortion.

* After the Roe v Wade case abortions increased.

Till this day, cases go on and on in this sensitive subject.

•The alias "Jane Roe" was used for Norma McCorvey.•Texas•Lawyer: Sarah Weddington•She received the alias Jane Roe (female version of John Doe)•She faked that she has been raped, and every time she goes to the abortion clinic the government closes the it

Jane Roe

Sarah Weddington

• He was the Defendant of the case•He was the district attorney of Dallas County, Texas, Henry B. Wade.

Wade

• In 1973, it was up to states to make laws about abortion.•Many states banned abortion•Case had significant laws on abortion•Jane Roe’s best argument was women rights and the right to privacy

• The First Trial was held in Texas, District Court for the Northern District of Texas •The Judges agreed that it violated Ms. Roe’s Right, but did not change the law for all pregnant women

• Roe v Wade was moved to the Supreme Court•The Court concluded that:-

•During the first trimester it was allowed, without interference• During the second trimester it was allowed, the state could only regulate them for safety not prohibit it•During the third trimester it was illegal

Justice Harry Blackmun

•The Roe v. Wade case demonstrate the interesting way the American legal system makes decisions in moral matters.

•This ruling was questioned many times after 1973

•In general, the legal status of abortion today is the same as decided in this ruling

•Jane Roe was the waypoint to legalizing abortion in the U.S.

Pro – Life Protestors(Against Abortion)

Pro – Choice Protestors(For Abortion)

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

Vacuum Aspiration

Medical Abortion

D & E

Induction

Weeks since onset of last menstrual period

*Dates correspond to when each procedure is generally available. Individual providers may have some

variation in what procedures they offer and when.

Medical Abortionand Vacuum Aspiration

Medical• High success rate (about 95-99%)

• Usually avoids surgical procedure

• Requires at least two visits

• Abortion occurs within 24 hours of second medication, for most women

• May be used in early pregnancy

• Oral pain medication can be used

• Some of the process may happen at home

• Medications cause a process similar to a miscarriage

Vacuum Aspiration• High success rate (99%)

• Instruments inserted into the uterus

• Can be done in one visit

• Procedure is completed in 5-10 minutes

• May be used in early pregnancy

• Anesthesia/Sedation can be used

• Procedure is done in a medical office or clinic

• Health care provider performs the procedure

• generally before 9 weeks

• 2000: FDA approves Mifeprex®

• Mifepristone is an anti-progesterone – trophoblast separation from endometrial wall – sensitizes myometrium to prostaglandins – softens cervix

• Misoprostol is a prostaglandin – uterine contractions – expulsion of products of conception

Mechanism of Action: Mifepristone + Misoprostol

Mifepristone-Induced Abortion

RhythmicUterine

Contractions

Progesterone Blockade

DecidualNecrosis

CervicalRipening

Detachment Expulsion

Abortion

FDA-Approved & Evidence-Based Alternative Regimens

•Vaginal administration of misoprostol–Lower incidence of side effects compared to

oral misoprostol–More rapid expulsion compared to oral

misoprostol– Increases efficacy of medical abortion for

gestations up to 63 days

–Decreases continuing pregnancy rate

• Allergy to mifepristone, misoprostol, or other prostaglandin analogues

• Concurrent long-term systemic corticosteroid use• Chronic adrenal failure• Hemorrhagic disorder or concurrent anticoagulant

therapy• Intrauterine device in situ• Possible ectopic pregnancy• Inherited porphyria

• Pain

• Bleeding

• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

• Short-term temperature elevation or chills

• Headache, dizziness