role of mmd in disasters management in malaysia
TRANSCRIPT
Climate Extremes &
Risk Management
ROLE OF MMD IN
DISASTERS MANAGEMENT IN
MALAYSIA
SCOPE
Services Provided by MMD
Natural Hazards Affecting Malaysia
Need For Early Warning System (EWS)
Malaysia End-To-End Multi-Hazards EWS
LOCATION OF MALAYSIA
Region: Southeast Asia Coordinates: 2°30'N 112°30'E
Area: 329,847 km² Population: 27,730,000 people
Public Weather Forecast
and Severe Warnings
Marine
Meteorology &
Oceanography
Climate Services
Environmental
Meteorology
Earthquake & Tsunami
Warnings
SERVICES PROVIDED
Aviation Meteorology
Agrometeorology
Weather Modification
NATURAL HAZARDS AFFECTING MALAYSIA
Weather Related Hazards
Floods / Flash Floods
Strong Wind and Rough Sea
Thunderstorms / Lightings
Tropical Storms / Typhoons
Forest Fires / Haze
Agricultural Droughts
Geophysical Hazards
Earthquakes
Local / Regional Tsunamis
Landslides
Volcanic Eruptions
Northeast Monsoon (Nov – Mac)
Southwest Monsoon
(Jun–Aug)
Inter-Monsoon
(Apr-May & Sep-Oct)
Flood
Haze
Flash Flood
Strong Wind and Rough Sea
Typhoon
(May – Nov)
Severe Weather in Malaysia
EXTREMES WEATHER:
KEDAH AND PERLIS FLOOD 2005 & 2010
SEGAMAT
KOTA TINGGI
KOTA TINGGI
LABIS
EXTREMES WEATHER: JOHORE FLOOD 2006/2007
EXTREMES WEATHER:
FOREST FIRES, HAZE & DROUGHT 1997 / 1998
YEAR NUMBER NAME
Sept – Jan 2013 2 TS Sonamu /TS Shanshan
2012 3 TD 25W / Typhoon Pakhar/TS
Wukong
2011 3 TS washi/TD 26W/TD 25W
2010 1 TD 01W
2009 0
2008 1 TD 01W
2007 1 Typhoon Hagibis
2006 0
2005 1 TS 25W
2004 1 Typhoon Muifa
Number of Tropical depression/Tropical storm/Typhoon tracking or forming over area bounded EQ – 10°N / 100°E- 120°E between
2004 – Sept 2013 (10 years)
Source : UNISYS
Previous Significant Tropical Cyclones Impacting Malaysia
1) In December 1996,
Tropical Storm Greg hit Sabah.
2) Typhoon Vamei landed over
southwest Johor in December 2001
However, there were two tropical storms that had direct significant
impacts on Malaysia :
Tropical Storm Hilda (4 – 6 January 1999)
impact on Malaysia • Even though Tropical Storm Hilda did not hit Sabah directly, it caused heavy rain,
flooding , landslides and six deaths in Sabah as it moved northwards.
• Peak strength: 65 kmh (40 mph)
• It dissipated on the 7th January 1999
Impacts of Tropical Storm Greg
•
• The storm affected a total of 17,000 people and 226 villages along the Sabah’s southwest coast. It destroyed 4,925 houses and killed 230 people. • Tropical Storm Greg is the most devastating tropical storm that ever hit Malaysia with an estimated economic loss around USD 280 million. • Greg moved into Sabah at around 251600Z (Christmas night), depositing heavy rains that triggered floods and caused rivers to overflow their banks. •million.
Impacts of Tropical Storm Greg
The affected Pegalan
River, Keningau. Heavy
rain from Greg cause it to
flood with enormous
volume of water and mud.
Typhoon Vamei : Rare Typhoon of the Equator?
Satellite imagery of
Typhoon Vamei on 27th
December 2001
This rare event was first
detected by observations of
typhoon strength winds
from a US navy ship, and
the existence of an eye
structure was confirmed by
satellite and radar
imageries
Local newspaper coverage
TROPICAL
STORM VAMEI
27 DEC 2001
MALAYSIAN
END-TO-END MULTI-HAZARDS
EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
MEGA DISASTERS
On 26 December 2004, a large earthquake of 9.3 on the
Richter scale occurred west of Aceh in Sumatra,
Indonesia has generated a massive and disastrous Indian
Ocean Tsunami that killed more than 250,000 people.
On 2 May 2008, Cyclone Nargis caused the worst natural
disaster in the recorded history of Myanmar. At least
146,000 fatalities with thousands more people missing.
On 11 March 2011, a large earthquake of magnitude 9.0 of
the coast of Japan killed more than 20,000 people,
destroyed over 125,000 buildings
RESPONSE CAPACITY COMMUNICATION & DISSEMINATION
MONITORING & WARNING SYSTEM
RISK KNOWLEDGE
Malaysian End-To-End
Multi-Hazards Early Warning Systems
METEOROLOGICAL STATION
UPPER AIR STATION
RADAR TRANSMITTER SATELLITE RECEIVER
WEATHER CAMERA
TSUNAMI BUOY
Extensive Observation Networks
Alor Star
Bayan
Lepas
Gong Kedak Kota Kinabalu
Kuching
Kuantan
Subang
KLIA
Petaling Jaya
Chuping
P. Langkawi
Labuan
Sandakan
Kudat
Limbang
Tawau
Kapit
Mulu
Bintulu
Miri
Keningau
Sibu
Mukah
Seri Aman
Batu Embun
Muadzam Shah
Batu Pahat
Kluang
Mersing
Senai
Temerloh
Cameron Highlands
Kota Bharu
K. Trengganu
Sitiawan
Melaka
Lubuk Merbau
Ipoh
Kuala Pilah
Kertih
Butterworth
Prai
Cameron Highlands
Meteorological Station
Gong Kedak
Meteorological Station
Kudat
Meteorological Station
Miri
Meteorological Station
Meteorological Stations
Ranau
UPPER AIR, SURFACE & MARINE OBSERVATIONS
KLUANG
SETAR
KUANTAN BINTULU
Omar
BUTTERWORTH SANDAKAN
SUBANG
KOTA BHARU
KUCHING
KOTA
KINABALU
KLIA
P. JAYA
SATELLITE AND RADAR STATIONS
LEGEND
(Doppler)
RADAR STATIONS
(11)
SATELLITE RECEIVING
STATIONS
(3)
RADAR & SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS
WEATHER WEBCAM NETWORK
FOREST FIRES, SMOKE AND HAZE DETECTION
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FIRE DANGER RATING SYSTEM
ANALYSIS & MODELING
Weather Camera Radar Station AWS and
Meteorological
Stations
Tsunami Buoy Upper Air
Observation Station
Satellite Image
Receiving Station
Aviation Agriculture Mass Media Sports & Recreational
Armed Forces
Tide Gauge Station
Disaster Management Agencies Public
Weather Forecast/Warning
Data Accusations
WEATHER MONITORING, FORECASTING & WARNING SYSTEM
Fisheries & Shipping
Oil & Gas Industry
NWP Models Central Forecast Office
Observation data
An
aly
sis An
aly
sis
RADIO & TELEVISION
TV Crawler
Breaking News/Current
Radio
32
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FIXED LINES
ALERT SYSTEM (FLAS)
MALAYSIAN END-TO-END
MULTI-HAZARD EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
TSUNAMI
FLOOD
SEVERE WEATHER
FOREST FIRE
VOLCANO
SMS & Cell Broadcasting
Fixed Lines Alert System
Siren
Printed Media
TV & Radio
MULTI-HAZARD
EARLY WARNING
CENTER
Facebook & Twitter
• Inadequate coverage of observational stations:
automatic weather and marine stations, and radar.
• Disruption in information dissemination system
particularly SMS and Internet during peak
season/hours.
• Huge cost of acquiring and maintaining
observational instruments and systems.
• Public awareness - limited capacity and resources
to educate the public.
CHALLENGES
• Establishing observational stations at strategic
locations and upgrading existing ones.
• Operationalization of advanced numerical models
especially high resolution storm surge and wave
models.
• Enhancing the dissemination of warnings through
various telecommunication channels.
• Conducting regular disaster awareness programs.
STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVEMENT
EXHIBITIONS DIALOGUES
MEDIA SESSIONS
Severe Weather Awareness Programs
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
Identify risk areas and propose to the local
authority to produce inundation maps for high risk
zones.
Colloboration with local authority involved in
disaster management on data sharing and local
and international agencies on tropical cyclone
research (Blue Ocean Strategy).
STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVEMENT
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION