role of speakers. so, debating is.... reason-giving, decision-making not fighting, not oratory,...
DESCRIPTION
So, roles are... A way to achieve the principles of debate A guide, not rules Persuasion Not a challenge of fact, pure comparison, but persuading a live audienceTRANSCRIPT
Role of Speakers
So, debating is....
Reason-giving, Decision-making Not fighting, not oratory, not English
proficiency
Persuasion
So, roles are...
A way to achieve the principles of debate A guide, not rules
Persuasion Not a challenge of fact, pure comparison, but
persuading a live audience
The role of a speaker is to....
....speak
In Debating, speakers should...
Engage Each speaker must engage
the speaker before them. Do not avoid the major arguments or main issues of the debate. Offer and accept POIs
Be responsible/strategic Defend your team and main
arguments
Be dynamic Be ready to change. All the
time.
Basic speech structure...
1.Opening – Grab attention, set the tone, framing
1.Outline – preview of contents
1.Content – rebuttals/arguments/model
1.Summary – emphasize contributions
1.Closing – last impression
Basic speech structure...
1.Opening – “I am proud to be here to defend the right of children to builda better future for themselves!”1.Outline – “I will explain why the right to vote is absolutely necessary and fair in a democratic context. My teammate will discuss economics”1.Content – “Definition... My first argument.... this example shows... Yes I will take your Point... our second argument...in summary..”1.Summary – “Today I’ve shown you why the right of children to vote is necessaryand fair. It’s the only thing that gives.... and it also... “1.Closing – “Any government that cares for it’s people must care for their future.And we believe the children are the future”
Some general tips1. Guide judges – show the impact of what you are saying
“This is important because...”“My previous speaker developed this, they didn’t respond to it, it’s a problem
because....”“They didn’t show the link between this, and this means...”
2. Clear transitions – when moving from one part of your speech to another, indicate to judges
“Now that I have rebutted their two arguments, I am going to develop my positive matter..”
“..and this proves that it will cause a backlash. Now to my second argument, which is..”
3. Summarize contributions – use summaries to emphasize your contributions and clear up messy speeches
“So in my speech I showed you two things, A... and B...”“Our team has clearly argued this..... and they still haven’t shown...”
Prime Minister
Deputy Prime Minister
Leader of the OppositionDeputy Leader of the Opposition
Member of GovernmentGovernment Whip
Member of OppositionOpposition Whip
1st Speaker of the Opening Proposition2nd Speaker of the Opening Proposition
1st Speaker of the Closing Proposition
2nd Speaker of the Closing Proposition
1st Speaker of the Opening Opposition2nd Speaker of the Opening Opposition
1st Speaker of the Closing Opposition
2nd Speaker of the Closing Opposition
Prime Minister
Should define and create the framework for the debate
Should present the arguments central to the case of the opening government
Should be bold, brave, clear, memorable
Leader of the Opposition
Should establish the major clash from the Opposition
Should rebut the major arguments of the Prime Minister
Should present the arguments central to the case of the opening Opposition
Should be bold, dynamic, energetic
Tip – make concessions, create a clear clash, focus on big issues that will remain relevant in closing half
Deputy Prime Minister
Should engage the case provided by the Leader of Opposition. Last speaker from OG who can rebut OO, if you don’t CG will steal your glory!
Defend your Prime MinisterDevelop additional arguments
Summarize Opening Government – you are the last speaker of your team
Strategy – take a POI from the Closing Opposition to start engaging them. It might help you stay relevant in the closing half
Deputy Leader of the Opposition
Should engage the case provided by the Opening Government and DPM’s arguments.
Defend your teammateDevelop additional arguments
Summarize Opening Half – position Opening Opposition strategically
Strategy – take a POI from the Closing Gov to start engaging them. They might expose their extension at this point
Member of Government/Opposition
Engage previous speaker- DLO- MG
Develop your extensionDefend your opening team
Strategy – a quick summary of the opening half will help show the relevance and uniqueness of your extensionUse POIs to create an extension or opening
Government Whip
Must take out Extension of Closing Opposition. Or attack lack of one. You are the only person in your team who can do this.
Rebut and destroy! Attack main issues of clash, not the time to develop new ideas.
Go for the bench or closing half or diagonal depending on how you summarize and engage teams.
Summarize and show contributions of Closing Government. Defend your extension, make it gold.
Opposition Whip
Last speaker of the debate, try to take a holistic big picture view of the debate.
Defend your extension. Strategically summarize and engage issues in the debate, to keep your team and your extension in the top two teams of the debate.
Rebut and destroy! Attack main issues of clash, not the time to develop new ideas.
Opening0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7.15
Definition and Setup
Arguments
Summary and Closing
OpeningResponse to Motion
Rebuttals
Summary and Closing
Arguments
Prime MinisterLeader of the Opposition
Opening0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7.15
Defend Team
Rebuttals
Summary and Closing
Deputy Prime Minister Deputy Leader of
the Opposition
Positive Contribution
Arguments
OpeningDefend Team
Rebuttals
Summary and Closing
Positive Contribution
Arguments
Opening0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7.15
Summarize Opening
Summary and Closing
Member of Government Member of
Opposition
Respond to OO
Provide Extension
OpeningSummarize Opening
Summary and Closing
Respond to CG and to to a lesser extent OG
Provide Extension
Opening0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7.15
Defend your extension
Summary and Closing
Government Whip Opposition Whip
Respond to CO extension
Rebut ideas and majorclash point of debate
Opening
Defend your extension
Summary and Closing
Respond to CO extension
Rebut ideas and majorclash point of debate
The role of a speaker is to....?
entertain
persuade
argue
refute
offer POIs
defendbe passionate
summarize
preview
listenaccept POIs
frame
engage
....within 7 minutes...
The role of a speaker is to....?
....speak with purpose