role of urban planning and housing sector in

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Nepal Government

Ministry of Urban Development

Department of Urban Development and Building Construction

Presented By:Sunil Kumar Karna

(Deputy Director General)Nava Raj Pyakurel

(Senior Divisional Engineer)



Title: Engineering Management and its

importance in Nation Building

Theme:•

Nation Building



Public Infrastructure Building isthe means to achieve plannedurbanization and Decentralization



Introduction :• Nepal - predominately a Rural Country withmore than 70% of the people living rural area

• 26.494504 million of people

• Urban Population - 17% of total population , , . . ., ,

stretching about 500 Km East-West and about 290Km north- south.

• Geographically - three ecological regions;mountains, hills and terai.

• The fast pace of urbanization that has taken placeafter 1970’s



Introduction:…• In the beginning Urban Development and

Building sector was not in the priority of thenation.

As urbanization could be observed from: – Spatial expression of structural changes in the

economy – Structural shift in the economy

– move from primary production to secondary andtertiary activities based on manufacturing trade andspecialized services

– Higher per capita productivity compared to rural areas



Urbanization Trend in Nepal

S.No.

Census Year

Noof

Towns

UrbanPopulationin Millions

Percentage of Urban

Population

AverageAnnual urban

Growth (%)

-. . .

2. 1961 16 0.336 3.6 1.65

3. 1971 16 0.462 4.1 3.23

4. 1981 23 0.957 6.3 7.555. 1991 33 1.696 9.2 5.89

6. 2001 58 3.28 13.9 6.65

7. 2011 58 4.52 17.07 3.25

Source: P. Sharma



Characteristics of Urbanization in Nepal

• Enormous religious and ecologicaldifferences, some gap in social value –interferences by the indigenous society

• Primacy of Kathmandu Remains strong • oor econom c ase, on y ase on serv ce

and trade less manufacturing• Significant migration• Poor rural urban linkage• Weak revenue



In Nepal urbanization is happening in thefollowing context:

• Rural to urban migration• Change from agriculture activities to non agriculture

activities• Chan e in occu ational structure form a riculture to

industry and services• Change from spare settlement to dense urban

settlement• Change in behaviors, values etc.• Change in physical environment• Increased modern amenities



Problems of Urban Financing:

• Project Approach• Leakage and system loss• Duplication of efforts

• Unknown cost of production

• Limited cost recovery• Inability to draw adequate resources from the

market• preparation of sectoral plan in isolation



Problems of Urban Environmental Management:

• Inappropriate building system• Inadequate housing system conditions

• Unplanned development • Lack of open space

• Traffic congestion

• Water pollution• Poor sanitation health• Solid waste management



Problems in Urban Areas…

Sewerage System and SewageTreatment Plant

Solid Waste Management

Slum and squatters



Green City Concepts and Conditions

Concept:• Promotion of healthy city• Healthy cities principle and values• Equity• Partici ation and em owerment

• Working in partnership• Solidarity and friendship

• Sustainable development



Green City Concepts and Conditions…

Condition :

• A clear safe physical environment of high quality• Sustainable Ecosystem

• Low energy Consumption • A strong, naturally supported and non exploited

society.• A high degree of participation• A meeting of basic need• Assess to wide variety of resources• A diverse, vital innovative city economy

• Higher health status



Vision Paper -Ministry of Urban Development (2012)

• Clean, Beautiful and Managed Cities andsettlements with adequate Infrastructure andServices.



Vision Paper / Policies

• Vision Paper of Ministry of UrbanDevelopment

• National Urban Policy 2008 (2064) • a ona e er o cy

• etc



Acts and Regulation• Ancient Monument preservation Act, 2013 B.S.

• Development Committee Act- 2013 B.S.• Town Development Act, 2045 B.S.• Apartment Housing Ownership Act, 2054 B.S.• Apartment Housing Ownership Regulation 2060 B.S.• Building Act, 2055 B.S.• Building Regulation 2061 B.S.

• Land Acquisition Act, 2034 B.S.• Public Road Act, 2031 B.S.• Commercial Transaction of Land and Building Bill; 2063 B.S.• Town Development Regulation 2061 B.S.• Guidelines for Building Maintenance• Working Procedure for implementation of Building Code• User’s committee Manual 2062 B.S.• National Building Code 2060 B.S.



Existing Guidelines

• Guideline for Public Private Partnership for urban Environment

• Land Pooling Manual

• Construction Management Manual



Review of Policy Documents

National Urban Policy, 2064The main objectives : – To achieve a balanced national urban structure through proper guidance to

physical infrastructure development and investment – To achieve healthy, secure and economically vibrant urban environment in

order to bring about improvement in living standards of the urban residents – To strive towards effective urban management : through legal empowerment

effective coordination among and capacity building of the agencies associatedwith urban sector development

National Urban Policy: Need for convergence of urban and national development

strategy – Five growth axes – Comparative resources advantages – Development packages accompanying roads – regional political structure



National Shelter Policy 2012

The main objectives: – To increase housing production, suitable to all income

group, safe and environment friendly and to upgrade thequality of existing housing

– To effectively mobilize financial resources required for

– To carry out institutional reforms by clarifying the roles of governmental and non governmental organizations,private sector and communities.



Review of periodic plans

Since 1956 Nepal has 12 periodic plans.In every periodic plan there are some issues raisedregarding the urban planning, housing and building.



First periodic plan (1956- 1960):

In Chapter 8. Land Reform Policy; there are some points related to housing:

• The protection of tenants• The protection of hired workers• Resettlement of landless farmers• Birta Reform

• Provision of agricultural credit• Consolidation of fragmented holding



Second Periodic Plan (1960-1965):

In Chapter 20 :

• Resettlement ( k'gjf{; ), there is the provision of Rapti Resettlement Plan - some concern of the

government regarding the housing sector.



Third Periodic Plan (1965-1970):

In Chapter 25, there are some provisions to address in the housingsector.

– Government initiation in order to construct 400 new houses. – 51.28 hectares of new plots of land will be acquired during the

plan period.

Building Construction:• Living quarter of government servants• Guest house for tourists

• Jails, Police offices• Laboratory will be constructed during the plan period by Building

Department of HMG



Fourth Periodic Plan (1970-1975)In chapter 26 , there is the provision to address the Housing and Physical Planning

indicating the followings: – Rapid growth of population – Addressing to migration – Physical development plan for Kathmandu valley – Department of Housing and Physical Planning

Physical Planning: – Parking space – Town Planning

– Lumbini Area

– Increase population density – Balaju & Kathmandu – Proposed Rs. 1,28,00,000 – This periodic plan focuses on the development of other towns like Pokhara, Biratnagar, Birgunj. Besides this the following

were the projects within the periodic plan: – Dhankuta town development project – 1972 – Birendranagar Project 1972 – Lumbini Development Project – 1970 – Pokhara town development project 1973/ 74

This Plan also illustrates the Socio Economic Development StrategyRegional Development Strategy – 4 th plan – Reducing inter-regional disparities – integration of the nation economy – north – south transport services – induced urbanization

– analysis of regional economic structure



Fifth Plan (1975-80)The speciality of this plan is the various construction works in four development

centers Dhankuta, Kathmandu, Pokhara and Surkhet and reconstruction of Ranamukteshwor area.

Chapter 32 of the plan deals with housing and urban sector.

Objective: – Planning of new cities

– – Cost effective building

Policy: – Construction according to Physical Planning – Master Plan – Categorization of building – Housing for civil servants – New town Planning – Research in construction material – Government building – Archaeology – Lumbini Development Project – Construction material research project – 1975

– Kathmandu Valley Town Development Project 1976



Sixth Plan (1980-85):

• The main focus - to conduct Physical survey – to construct urban areain planned way - in consolidated way - to promote the use locallyavailable materials.

• Proposed to have some land use policies with rules and regulations -with the program of construction in four development centers.

• Expenditure = Rs. 250 million.• Develo ment of different ro ects which were alread in osition.

Following additional projects were proposed: – Dipayal Town development project 1981/82 – Master Plan of Janakpur, Biratnagar, birgunj, Lahan, Nepalgunj, Butwal,

Ghorahi, Gorkha, Jiri and Tulsipur.

– Singha Durbar Secretariat renovation project – Government Building Projects – Sewerage disposal project – Government building record project



Seventh Plan (1985-1990)

• Incomplete projects implemented during sixthplan period

• Lumbini project – National priority project• Town development works in the regional centers•

• Singh Durbar secretariat reconstruction Project –Singha Durbar was under fire in 1973



Eighth Plan (1992- 1997):Chapter 10 deals with Housing and Urban Development sector. Problems related to housing – Housing companies

– Land for housing – Loan for Housing – Essential public services and community environment

Targets/Programs:Urban Development

• Municipality Act 1992, Assisstant to municipality• Development of market centres• Improvement of city environment

• Greater Janakpur area Development project• Kathmandu Valley city Development • Institutional Development

Housing• Rural housing for the landless – 25,000 families• Urban land development• Financial arrangement for housing• Formulation of act and regulation• Improvement of urban housing• Preparation of policy on housing sector

Buildings• Singha Durbar – Secretariat Re- Construction Plan• Construction of Quarters for ministries and heads of constitutional bodies• International Conference Building• Projects on Building materials research and code• Projects on the development of the cultural and religious areas of Kathmandu valley• Projects on re-construction and rehabilitation of earthquake affected areas• Basic and primary education project



Ninth Plan (1997-2002):

Long term Approach ( ) A balanced Urban System will be established by creating the healthier, clean, productive, protected and facilitated urban cities of Nepal. The far-

sighted idea of urbanization will be to promote the concept of planned urbanization, establish rural-urban linkage, small market centredevelopment and their expansion, and create employment in important places and to develop Kathmandu Valley in the form of cul tural andtouristic capital.

For geographically feasible places in rural hilly parts essential infrastructure will be constructed in order to develop them into denser habitat. Plus,the development of the villages in the areas affected by implementation of projects like hydroelectric centre, highways will be started inintegrated way.

Ninth Plan Accordingly as National Urban Policy, the role of Urban area in productivity will be strengthen creating more number of jobs so as to act likesupplement in poverty alleviation.In order to properly manage the internal migration in Municipalities and other cities, infrastructures andpublic utilities development will be prioritized.The government office buildings and staff residence will be properly managed. In addition, thehistorical, cultural and religious sites will be renovated and conserved.

Pro ram Policy making and investigation ( )

In order to manage the unbalanced and uncontrolled urbanization in the country, the National Urban Policy and work directives will be formulatedand implemented. Likewise bye-laws will be made to form municipalities and categorize emerging towns.

The National Building Policy and work directives will be brought into practive in order to properly use the private and government investment inmaking government, semi-government- non-government building construction cost effective, secured and environment friendly.

Less expensive, standard, secured and environment friendly construction technology will be developed to increase the construction of thenumber of residential houses having minimum rural and urban services and facilities.

Financial and institutional aid will be managed in providing residential houses to employees working in government, non-government and privatesector. Combined housing system will be used as a model in motivating residential housing construction.Act, Rules and bye-laws Formulation ( , )Town planning and development Act, Land ……………. Act and House Land Business Act will be formulated and implemented.National Building Code and Building Act will be implemented.Prevailing Acts and Rules on Building, Housing and Urban Development will be duly revised.EIA directives/guidelines will be formulated for Building, Housing and Urban Development works.Sub-regional Development Program ( - )The working role and future direction of major cities of the country will be envisaged and infrastructures will be constructed in appropriate region

in order to plan and address overwhelming urbanization, migration, including problem associated with uncontrolled sub -regional market

and habitation problem in north-south highways and its feeder roads.



Ninth Plan (1997-2002):Kathmandu Valley Development Program ( )

Valley-wide extensive geo-usage work policy in municipalities and local area plan in VDCs in Kathmandu Valley will be introduced and implementedconglomerating all the metros, sub-metros, municipalities and VDCs inside Kathmandu Valley into one unit. Continuing with the Kathmandu UrbanDevelopment Project, the integrated infrastructure construction and improvement work like water supply, drainage, electrification and roadimprovement programs will be carried out as according to the Development Strategy Plan.Physical Infrastructure management concerning building and construction of building of Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Womenand Social Welfare, Ministry of Defence, Ministry of Law and Justice under Singhadurbar Secretariat Reconstruction Program will be carried out. Inaddition, the old west lounge of Singhadurbar improvement works will be completed and construction work of Ministry of General Administration willstart.The unused government land will be emphasized to increase its productivity. In mutual participation of private and government bodies, buildingcomplex construction works will be started to operate commercial activities and scattered government and non-government offices in same place in aproperly managed way.

Appropriate projefcts will be implemented for reliable and sustainable management to conserve, promote and improve historical, cultural, religious andother heritages with touristic importance.Public open places and ponds will be listed for conservation and improvement

Five of the unmanaged settlement within the urban region will be merged and their physical improvement will be done.Nagarkot, Sankhu, Chapagaun, Tokha and Thankot regions, which are identified by Kathmandu Valley Strategy Plan, will be reconstructed, extended

an conserve . ne or wo su -mun c pa es eve o pmen w e pr o r ze su a e reg o ns n va ey.The environmental improvement programs of open spaces next to major rivers of the valley will be continued.

District-wide Integrated Physical Development Program ( )With the intention of fulfilling regional and local requirements of rural economics, 20 districts integrated physical plan will be prepared and implemented

through concerned authorities.Urban Areas Development ProgramCity Plan for 22 municipalities that were formed in FY 53/54 will be drafted preparing base map and with clear demarcation of financial role of these

municipalities.

For 20 of those municipalities whose city development plan are not prepared, integrated action plan will be prepared and possible secondary citiesdevelopment will be given priority.In order to improve and develop physical infrastructures of different municipalities of the nation, loan investment on projects prepared by TDF will be carried

out.Small Town, Emerging villages and market centre development program ( )Following programs will be implemented to make all services and facilities provided by government accessible to rural regions in an integrated way, and

make improvement in the National Urban Policy and make rural-urban linkage more effective.Prepare physical development plan for different market centre and implement them through different authority.Enhance capacity development for Town Development Committee.Different open spaces development, market centre development, bus stops, banks, post offices, police area and institutional areas will be developed.

Rural road, bridges and culverts will be constructed to increase linkage between emerging villages and market centers.



Tenth Plan (2002-2007):

Long-term Approach ( )• Strengthening the inter-relationship of uncontrolled urbanization with rural areas

by management through physical plans, building earthquake resistant residenceas per public affordability and adapt construction technology to build cost effectivepublic and private buildings are the long-term approaches of tenth plan.

Objectives:Urban Development• Strengthen the village-city relationship by sustainable development of urban

areas. And in doing so, conserve and promote the existing cultural, touristic andhistorical areas.

Housing and Rural Habitation• Provide safe, secured and cost effective residences and promote administered

habitation.Building• Build houses that reflect national or local architecture and develop safe, cost

effective and environmental appropriate buildings.



Three year interim plan (2007-2010):Chapter 34 deals with the Housing and Urban Development

Census 2001 – 14% of total area in urban area.

Long term vision :To manage haphazard urbanization through physical

planning and strengthen the urban rural interrelationship

private sector and to mobilize requisite technology tomake public and private buildings safe and economical.



Three Year Plan Approach Paper (2010/11-2012/13):

Expected Output:• Five regional cities would have been developed in five

development regions• Integrated infrastructure development of ten cities : five

medium and five small • preparing city profile, resource map, periodic plan of

municipalities• Guidelines for the development of national and state

level towns



BUSINESS PLANOF

THE DEPARTMENT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT ANDBUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Background

• Department of Urban Development and Building Construction

(DUDBC) under Ministry of Urban Development (MUD), GoN has itsori ins from De artment of Buildin .

• In 1962, Government of Nepal decided to do away with the thenPublic Works Department and established two separate departmentssuch as Department of Road and Department of Building. This newlyestablished Department of Building was primarily assigned theresponsibility to carry out design, cost estimates, and supervisionworks of the government buildings.



BUSINESS PLAN OF DUDBC….

Background

• In 1971 Department of Building was reconstituted as Department of Housing, Building and Physical Planning. In the context of Nepal thisdepartment can be regarded as the pioneer institution in the field of physical planning. Again in 1987 in order to specialize the works of building and physical planning two separate departments –

epar men o ous ng an r an eve opmen an epar men oBuilding were created. This process continued even in 2000, thesetwo departments were amalgamated to form the present Departmentof Urban Development and Building Construction to work as the maingovernment agency responsible to work in building construction,housing and urban development sector in Nepal.



Roles and Responsibility of DUDBC

The long term vision of the department is:

• Safe, economical and environmentally friendly building construction• Affordable housing• Sustainable urban development

The objectives of the three divisions are as follows:• Housing Division

• Promote safe and affordable housing through development of plannedsettlements

• Building Construction Division• Promote construction and development of safer, economical, and

environmentally friendly buildings which also foster local architecture

• Urban Development Division• Promote sustainable urban development and urban rural linkages through

development of modern physical facilities and conservation of cultural,religious, and historical heritage sites



Roles and Responsibility of DUDBC…

The function and responsibilities of DUDBC are:

• Formulation, planning and implementation of urban policies• Formulation, planning and implementation of housing plans and

policies

• Design construction, repair and maintenance of the governmentbuildin s



Need of Business Plan

• A business plan is a formal document which lists a set of activities to be accomplished within a given time frame.

A typical business plan should cover the following aspects: – A typical business plan should cover the following aspects:

– s on an m ss on – Goal and objectives – Benchmarks and targets – Expected results (outcomes and outputs)

– stakeholders analysis – Problems and challenges – Strengths and opportunities – Strategic interventions and options – Core activities



Business Plan of the Housing Sector

Vision, mission and objectives of National Shelter Policy,2012 are:

• Long term vision• To provide housing, which is safe, adequate and affordability to all.

• Mission• To develop the concept of housing by including the families remaining below

the poverty line and residing in unplanned and unsafe settlements.

• Objectives

1. To increase appropriate, safe and environment-friendly production of housingsuitable to all income groups and to upgrade the existing housing.2. To mobilize effectively the financial resources necessary for the development

of housing.3. To carry out institutional reforms by clarifying the roles of governmental, non-

governmental, private sector and communities in housing sector.



House and household number

Census year Population Household number

Household size

Total Urban

areaRuralarea

2058 2,31,51,423 42,53,200 5.44 4.85 5.55

2068

2,64,94,504Urban 45,23,820

54,27,302Urban 10,47,297 4.88 4.32 5.02

Rural 2,19,70,684 Rural 43,80,005



Censusyear

Nationalpopulation

Urbanpopulation

Ruralpopulation

Urbanpopulation%

Ruralpopulation%

Urbanhouseholdnumber

Ruralhouseholdnumber

2028 1,15,55,983 4,61,938 1,10,94,045 4.0 96.0

2038 1,50,22,839 9,56,716 1,40,66,123 6.4 93.6

Population projection

2048 1,84,91,097 1 ,82,274 1, 8,08,823 9.1 90.9

2058 2,31,51,423 32,27,879 1,99,23,544 13.9 86.1

2068 2,64,94,504 45,23,820 2,19,70,684 17.1 82.9 10,45,575 43,77,722

2078 a 3,39,94,453 91,22,848 2,48,71,605 26.8 73.2 21,46,552* 49,74,321

**

2080 a 3,54,46,922 1,02,40,708 2,52,06,213 28.9 71.1 24,09,578*50,41,243**

Note: "a" means estimated * - Household size of 4.25 members and ** - household size of 5 members



Description Total Urban rural

Requirement of housing units in 2080 BS (coming tenyears)

20,00,000 13,00,000 7,00,000

Addition of just rooms and floors (urban 30% and rural15%)

5,00,000 4,00,000 1,00,000

Quantitative requirement of housing production

New construction 15,00,000 9,00,000 6,00,000



Quantity of housing targeted for the deprived groups

Description Total Urban Rural

Total poverty in percentage (As per Economic Survey Report, 2068) (25) 15 27

Housing units which will be addressed by adding rooms and floors 90000 60000 30000

Housing units to be newly constructed 300000 150000 150000

Total required housing units 390000 210000 180000


Housing units to be addressed by adding rooms and floors 410000 340000 70000New housing units to be constructed 1200000 750000 450000

Total required housing units 1610000 1090000 520000

Quantity of housing units requirement apart from/other than deprived group




Housing requirement in 2089 BS (in the coming 20 years ) 3800000 1026000 2774000

Adequate with addition of floors or rooms (Urban 30% andrural 40% )

1418000 308000 1110000

Quantitative requirement of the housing production

New construction 2382000 718000 1664000



Description Total Urban RuralTotal poverty in percentage(As per Economic Survey Report ) 25 15 27

Housing units to be newly constructed 567000 111000 456000

Housing programme targeted to the poor

Poor oriented community housing programme (5000 units per year) 100000 0 100000

Squatter housing provision as per MDGs (100families per year) 2000 2000 0

Quantity of housing targeted to the poor

Apartment housing for the urban poor (25 families per year in10cities) 5000 5000 0

Cooperative farming and land bank programme(500 families peryear 10000 0 10000

Housing improvement programme as Ashram and Correction centre 2000 1000 1000Low cost rental housing programme (500 families per year) 10000 5000 5000

Some percentage of low cost plots in private housing programme 20000 10000 10000

Concessional /subsidized housing loan programme 418000 88000 330000

Total 567000 111000 456000




Quantity of housing units requirement other thantargeted to the poor 1815000 607000 1208000

Housing production programme

Apartment housing (3000 units per year 60000 60000 0

Group housing (Colony, 1500 units per year) _ 30000 30000 0

Quantity of housing units requirement other than deprived group

plots per year) 200000 50000 150000

Housing plots facilities (Private plotting 20000 peryear) 400000 100000 300000

Demonstration/model settlement development (100

families per year in 5 places) 10000 10000Model housing programme (50 units per year) 1000 200 800

Rental housing (5500 per year)] 110000 60000 50000

Use controlled individual housing with necessary loan 1004000 306800 697200

Total 1815000 607000 1208000



S.No. Investors Investment requirement in the baseyear (Rs.in Lakh)

Total investment requirement(Rs.in Lakh)

Share %

1 Government7170

416606 0.89

2 Corporation15955

914053 1.96

3 Institutional217500

12457382 26.73

Investment requirement for the business plan period of 20 years

4 Individual572900

32812920 70.41

Total813625

46600961 100.00

Govt.1%

Corpora

ti on2%

Corporate

27%

Individual 70%

Sectoral Share



Business Plan of the Building Sector

Analysis of existing legal instruments and policy relating to building

National Building Policy,2069(Draft):

The National Building Policy,(Draft) prepared in 2069 BS for building sector is in theprocess of approval. This draft document is primarily prepared with an objective toconstruct safe,durable,comfortable and cost effective public and private buildings using

local construction materials and technology as far as possible. This draft policy has.draft policy is to make safe and quality buildings according to National Building Code .

Attemps have been to made to identity and effectively mobilize the financial instrumentsin order to make necessary investment in the building sector by this policy. Itemphasizes the need to formulate the policy for the maintenance of the buildingstandard and bye laws for different buildings.

Building Act, 2055:The pervasiveness of building act implemented in 2055BS covers all municipalities andvillage development committees of the country.It has categorized all the building intofour types from the structural point of view as per the building code.Major thrust in thisact is given to construct safe building by wider application of the building code thereforeimplementation instrument relating to that and provisions for punishment for notcomplying to building code are mentioned in the act .



Business Plan of the Building Sector

Analysis of existing legal instruments and policy relating tobuildingApartment Act, 2054:The Apartment Act implemented in 2054BS paved the way for the private sector to involve in thedevelopment of housing in an organized way. The broad subjects like the right of ownership of theapartment, operation and management of such buildings, users rights of the housing units, responsibilitiesof the buyers, responsibilities of the developers etc. are included in the act. The act has made mandatoryprovision to form users committee for the smooth operation and maintenence of the apartment and thecomplex.

Building Regulation, 2066:It is necessary to pay certian amount of money by every individual including government, semi governmentoffices for getting building permit from concerned office.There is also provision in the regulation to issuethe building permit within 30 days by the concerned municipalities provided that application fulfils all therequiremnts mentioned in it.There is a provision various process for approving different categorizedbuildings as per national building code. Along with application form there are four types of technical firms to

be filled and signed by the engineer or an architect along with affidavit paper attached in the annex.

National Building Code :The building code has really taken the strong footing and dynamism only after the destruction resulted fromthe earthquake of 2045BS though the efforts had been made in the past towards the formulation of thebuilding code to make building construction works safe and organized in Nepal. The plan for thepreparation of the National Building Code was started by the then Building Department under the financialassistance of the UNDP/UNCHS following the request made by then Ministry of Physical Planning and

Works to UNDP .Building code was prepard within two years period from 1992-94.



Categories of the Building Code

Level Type of code Context and use

1 State of art Design - Encouragement to ultra modern technology andequipments in design and construction

- Free use of ultra modern technology and principle

2 Professionally - Professional designerseng neere u ngs - es gn accor ng o es gna e s an ar

3 Mandatory rule of thumbs

- Medium level technical subject matter- Readymade designs and detail plans to be used by

engineers, technicians, builders and house owners- Appropriate for all owner builder buildings can be

used up to three storeys buildings

4 Guidelines for RemoteRural Buildings

- Construction works using only traditional materialsand technology without involvement of the technicians(mud, stone, wood, adobe brick etc)



Twenty years long term vision,mission andobjectives- Building Sector

• Long term vision: To make public and private buildingssafe,durable,comfortable and cost effective by utilizing the local constructionmaterials and technology as far as possible.

•• Mission: To construct and develop safe,durable, cost effective and

environment friendly public and private buildings reflecting indigeneous y /local

architecture as far as possible.

• ect ves:• To construct safe,durable, comfortable and cost effective buildings.• To promote local architecture, building construction technology related

knowledge and skills and construction materials.• To encourage the use of modern technology and new materials in the building

construction .• To develop effective financial instrument in the building sector.• To make special arrangement for the design,construction,use and

maintenence of the government buildings.• To improve in the institutional and legal structures of the building sector.



Working policy and action plans(a) Working policy to implement different guidelines and bye

laws/standards to make building safe, comfortable and costeffective by categorizing buildings from the point of view of use.

(b) Working policy to implement maintenance plan byformulating it

(c) Working policy to ensure quality assurance in buildingconstruction

(d) Working policy for full compliance to building code by timelyimprovements

(e) Working policy to promote and conserve the localarchitecture(f) Working policy to encourage local appropriate construction

technology, knowledge and skills



Working policy and action plans...(g) Working policy to encourage the use of locally available

construction materialsh) Working policy to internalize the modern technology in

the building construction(i) Working policy to encourage the use of new materials in

building construction(j) Working policy to identify possible financial resources in

the building construction(k) Working policy to establish and develop appropriate

financial instrument in building sector (l) Working policy to increase the involvement of thefinancial sector in building

(m) Working policy to maintain certain identity and facilitywhile desigining the government building



Working policy and action plans...

(n) Working policy to regulate the system of rentinggovernment building(o) Working policy to manage maintenence of the

government buildingsp) Working policy to enhance the capacity ofthe

stakeholders by institutional improvement in buildingsector

(q) Working policy to improve timely in the existing legalinstruments relating to building sector



Proposed major programmes1)Building sector regulation programme:

- Building design guidelines- Building construction guidelines-Public building maintenence guidelines and working policy- Private building maintenence guidelines

- Geen building guidelines - Building norms

-Specifications of the building construction works-Guidelines relating to high rise building

-Minimum design standard for public buildings- Minimum design standard for private buildings-Different building design based on application and

construction guidelines



2)Disaster minimization programe:3) Conservation of local architecture,technology and

construction materials:4) Programme to use innnovative/new technoogy and

construction materials:

5) Building repair and improvement programme:

Proposed major programmes...

6) Building construction programme:7) Financial attraction in building sector 8) Government building special programme:

9) Building sector institutional improvement programme:



Roles and Responsibility of Urban Development Division of DUDBC

Vision: Sustainable urban developmentObjective: Promote sustainable urban development and urban rurallinkages through development of modern physical facilities andconservation of cultural, religious, and historical heritage sitesMajor Roles and Responsibilities:• Preparation and Implementation of Development Plans

• Physical Development Plan• Periodic Plan• Integrated Development Plan• Long Term Development Plan• Urban environment related program

• Mapping and Data base preparation• Municipal Base Map• Land Use Map



Roles and Responsibility of Urban Development Division of DUDBC… ..•

Management of Urban Development Project• Urban and environment Improvement Project• Urban Governance Development Project• Integrated Urban Development Project• New Town Development Project• Secondary Town Integrated Urban Environment Improvement Project

• Pro ect Pre aration and Pro osal Writin for Donor A encies• Small Town and Market Centre Planning and Implementation• Urban Infrastructure Planning and Construction• Land Development

• Land Pooling• GLD

• Human Resource Support and capacity building (man power supply)• Trainings• Technical personnel deputation to Municipality, TDCs

• Cultural and Historical site conservation and planning•

Advocate in ministry for contemporary policy, acts and strategies



Urban Size Classes byPopulation

Number of Municipalities Total

>= 100,000 7 3 0 10

50,000 – 99,999 6 10 0 16

< 50,000 17 15 0 32



Organization for Implementation of Physical Planning ,housing and Building Construction

• The then existing department of building was proposed to execute additionaltwo sectors; housing and urban development in B.S. 2028. In 1969 Physicaldevelopment plan of Kathmandu valley was prepared. Town Developmentimplementation Act 2029 was prepared to develop four regional centers;Dhankuta, Kathmandu, Pokhara and Surkhet.

• In 2045 Ministry of Physical Development was formed and consequently the

department of housing and urban development was formed to implement the. ,

after the building related activities under the same ministry. In 2057 B.S. thetwo departments were merged to form the department of urban developmentand building construction.

• However, there are 58 municipalities and 198 town development committees

and more than 132 small towns and their role is similar to that of thedepartment. Sometimes they have land development activities to addressthe urban development issue and they issue the building permit hencelooking directly the building related issues.



The specific objectives of Department of UrbanDevelopment and Building Construction:

• Urban development:Sustainable urban development, by protectingculture, tourism and historical areas andstrengthen the rural urban linkages

• ous ng:Planned settlement and efficient housing

• Building Construction:Safe, economical and environmental friendlybuilding construction addressing to vernacular architecture.



Organization Structure Existing) :Department of Urban Development and Building Construction

Department of Urban Development and Building Construction

Urban DevelopmentDivision

Physical planning andUrban Development

Section

Housing Division

Housing Section

Building Division

Building ConstructionSection

Section

Small Cities Section

Municipality section

Statistical and Geo-Information Section

Small Cities Section

Monitoring Section

Building Code Section

Building ServiceSection

Building Maintenanceand Evaluation Section



Projects under DUDBC

- Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental

- Improvement Project Integrated Urban Development Project- Outer Ring Road Project- Mahendranarayan Nidhi Mithila Cultural Central Project- Special Physical and Infrastructure Area Development Project- Biratnagar Outer Ring Road Project

- Health Related Programs

- etcPeople Housing Program

Executing Sections/ Units

- 24 divisions- Building Construction Maintenance Division- Building Technology Research and training Centre



Issues Related to Urban Development- General

• Policy / strategy for urban cum industrial development• Strengthening urban rural linkage• comprehensive legislative framework• institutional capacity for resource mobilization and

mana ement • Environmental issues

• urban land development and housing• long term plan for Kathmandu Valley

• Urban Poverty• etc



Issues related to the Department .

• Inadequate human resources• Municipality

with…………………………..(MOFALD)



Recommendation

• Huge investment in urban area• Cost Recovery Mechanism• Optimal use of resources