romanticism and its sub-movements emphasis on fireside poets

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Page 1: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Romanticism

And its Sub-movementsEmphasis on Fireside

Poets

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Page 2: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Types of Romanticism

• Romanticism

• Transcendentalism

• Dark Romanticism

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Page 3: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Romanticism Defined

• A movement in literature and the fine arts, beginning in the early nineteenth century, that stressed personal emotion, intuition, free play of the imagination, and freedom from rules of form.

• Romanticism was a reaction to Rationalism.

• 1830-1865

Page 4: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Romantic Writers

• Fiction– James Fennimore Cooper, Washington Irving

• Poets– Whittier, Longfellow, Bryant, Lowell– Known as the Fireside Poets

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Page 5: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

About Transcendentalism

• Transcendentalism is an American literary, political, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century.

• Emphasized non-comformity, social experimentation, and the individual’s spiritual “relation to the universe,” usually through nature.

• mid-19th century.

Page 6: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Transcendentalists

• Ralph Waldo Emerson

• Henry David Thoreau

• Centered around Concord, MA.

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Page 7: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Dark Romanticism

• Disagreed with the optimism inherent in Transcendentalism.

• Emphasis on sin, self-destruction, evil, psychology, rather than divinity, wisdom, or perfection.

• mid-19th century.

Page 8: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Dark Romantic Writers

• Hawthorne

• Melville

• Poe

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Page 9: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

What are the Fireside Poets?

• First group of American poets to rival British poets in popularity in either country.

• Preferred conventional forms over experimentation.

• Often used American legends and scenes of American life as their subject matter.

Page 10: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Who were the Fireside Poets?

• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

• William Cullen Bryant

• James Russell Lowell

• Oliver Wendell Holmes

• John Greenleaf Whittier

Page 11: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

• 1807-1882• Composed “Song of Hiawatha”,

• “Paul Revere’s Ride”

• “Psalm of Life”• “The Day Is Done”• Translated Dante’s Inferno from Italian into English

Page 12: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

William Cullen Bryant

• 1794-1878• Composed “To a Waterfowl” and “Thanatopsis”

• One of the founders of the Republican party and supporter of Lincoln

Page 13: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

James Russell Lowell

• 1819-1891• Composed “The First Snowfall” and “The Present Crisis”

• Active in anti-slavery causes

Page 14: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Oliver Wendell Holmes• 1809-1894• Medical doctor – invented the term “anesthesia.”

• Composed “Old Ironsides,” which saved the U.S.S. Constitution from the scrap yard and “O Captain! My Captain”

• Father of Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.

Page 15: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

John Greenleaf Whittier

• 1807-1892• Composed Snow-bound , “Maude Muller” and “Barefoot Boy”

• Active in anti-slavery movement

Page 16: Romanticism And its Sub-movements Emphasis on Fireside Poets

Lasting Impact

• Longfellow remained the most popular American poet for decades.

• They took on causes in their poetry, such as the abolition of slavery.

• Through their scholarship and editorial efforts, they paved the way for later ‘Romantic’ writers like Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Walt Whitman.