roots to revolution the difficulties begin. roots to revolution differences create tensions 1820:...
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Roots to RevolutionThe Difficulties Begin
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Roots to RevolutionDifferences Create Tensions
• 1820: Federalists in power• Allowed Anglo Americans to
settle, receive land grants, open their own schools, bring slaves
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Roots to RevolutionDifferences Create Tensions
• 1829: Centralists come to power• Issued regulations to being states
and provinces of Mexico under the authority of the National government
• Anglo Americans consider the regulations unfair and unsafe
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Roots to RevolutionFredonia Revolt
• Haden Edwards (empresario) was permitted to settle 800 families in Nacogdoches
• When he got there, may people were already there with no clear titles to the land
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Roots to RevolutionFredonia Revolt
• Benjamin Edwards (Haden’s brother) thought the only way to solve this problem to get their land was to declare the colony independent from Mexico
• December 5, 1826: Edwards led a small group to the Old Stone Fort proclaiming the creation of the “Republic of Fredonia”
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Roots to RevolutionFredonia Revolt
• Fredonia Rebellion collapsed when the Mexican troops arrived, many of the rebels fled to the US
• Effect: Mexican officials became worried and sent Colonel Jose de las Piedras to Nacogdoches to prevent more uprisings
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Roots to RevolutionMier y Teran Investigations
• General Mier y Teran was sent to Texas to investigate Mexico’s suspicion of Texas after the Fredonian Rebellion
• Mier y Teran Report:• Expressed concern about the
growing Anglo influence in East Texas
• Made clear if the Mexican government did not act, Texas would be “Lost forever”
• Effect: Law of April 6, 1830
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Roots to RevolutionLaw of April 6, 1830
• Law of April 6, 1830• Stopped immigration from the US• Suspended most empresario’s
contracts that had not been completed
• Encouraged immigration of families from Mexico
• Set up forts• Placed Customs Duty taxes on
foreign made products
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Roots to RevolutionLaw of April 6, 1830
• Reaction to the Law of April 6, 1830• Anglo Americans considered this law
unfair b/c many colonists had families in US wanting to come to Texas
• Texas depended on trade with US• Significance: • One of the first turning points
between Texas and Mexico’s government
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Roots to RevolutionRebellions 1831-1832
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Roots to RevolutionSettlers Protest at Anahuac
• Who: • John Bradburn: Mexican official that
followed all the laws ran a customs duty station at Anahuac
• What• Bradburn arrested and imprisoned 2
lawyers (William B Travis and Patrick C. Jack) for interfering in his efforts to enforce the laws
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Roots to RevolutionSettlers protest at Anahuac
• Significance:• A skirmish broke out when Texas
citizens marched to Anahauc to get the prisoners released, but the Texans needed more fire power
• Colonists made camp at Turtle Bayou to wait for John Austin to get a cannon
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Roots to RevolutionTurtle Bayou Resolution
• While waiting, the colonists adopted a statement known as the Turtle Bayou Resolutions in June 1832
• Turtle Bayou Resolution• Denied they were rebelling• Said they were supporting Santa
Anna, who was leading a revolt against the Centralists President
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Roots to RevolutionTurtle Bayou Resolution
• Significance: • Piedras arrived and released the
prisoners and took Bradburn out of command
• Soldiers at Anahuac declared support for Santa Anna and joined his growing forces in Mexico
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Roots to RevolutionClash at Velasco
• Before John Austin knew that the prisoners were set free, he tried to get his cannon across the Brazos river, but was stopped by Mexican officials.
• Battle of Velasco: • Fight to get the cannon on to the
ship• Mexico ran out of ammunition• Bitter loss on both sides
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Roots to RevolutionClash at Velasco
• Meanwhile, Santa Anna supporters won, and Santa Anna began serving as president in the summer of 1832
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Roots to RevolutionConventions of 1832 and 1833
Convention of 1832• When: Oct 1832• Why: called to discuss changes in Texas• Who: • 55 delegates• Stephen F. Austin - president of the
convention• Where: San Felipe
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Roots to RevolutionConventions of 1832 and 1833
• What: Created document to ask Mexican government:• They could be a separate Mexican
State• Permit Immigration from US• Exemption for import taxes• Improve educational facilities• Better protection for Native
Americans• Land titles for East Texas settlers
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Roots to RevolutionConventions of 1832 and 1833
• Resolutions were sent to Mexico, but for some reason never presented to the Mexican government
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Roots to RevolutionConventions of 1832 and 1833
Convention f 1833• When: April 1833• Why: Colonists still concerned about
the situation in Texas• Who: Mostly new delegates, including
Sam Houston• Where: San Felipe
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Roots to RevolutionConventions of 1832 and 1833
• What: Adopted Resolutions• Adopted all the same resolutions as
the first• Added: Constitution for a Mexican
State of Texas• Stephen F. Austin took the resolutions
to Mexico City
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Roots to RevolutionIncreased Tensions1833-1835
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Roots to RevolutionAustin’s trip to Mexico
• Austin gets stalled because of a Cholera epidemic was raging through the capital
• Austin wrote to San Antonio describing his difficulties and encouraging Texans to form their own state government
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Roots to RevolutionAustin’s trip to Mexico
• Nov 1833: Santa Anna met with Austin• Santa Anna decided• Repeal (do away with) the law
restricting immigration• Agreed to improve the court and
postal system• Denied their attempt for separate
statehood
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Roots to RevolutionAustin’s trip to Mexico
• During Austin’s trip back, he was arrested for the letter he had sent to San Antonio
• With the help of political leader Musquiz, Austin was released from prison on Christmas Day 1834
• Allowed to returned to Texas on in Sept 1835
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Roots to RevolutionTexas Calls for Consultation
Consultation 1835• Why did they meet: Texans nervous
about General Cos trying to imprison Texas residents for small uprising
• When: August 15, 1835 (Remember: SFA was still in Mexico until September 1, 1835)
• Where: Columbia
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Roots to RevolutionTexas Calls for Consultation
Consultation 1835• Who was there: • Peace Party- fearful, they didn’t
want more trouble!• War Party- favored an immediate
declaration of independence from Mexico, even if this meant WAR.
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Roots to RevolutionTexas Calls for Consultation
• When Austin arrived at the consultation he had become convinced that Santa Anna was coming a dictator- he urged the people to unite and get ready to fight
• “War is our only resource. There is no other remedy. We must defend our rights, ourselves, and our country by force of arms.” – S.F. Austin