rt - weld evaluation comparison chart.xls

WELD DISCONTINUITY EVALUATION GUIDE

1None Allowed. (QW-191.2.2)





6 _

7 _


SCOPE: THIS STANDARD IS A WELD DEFECT COMPARISON GUIDE. IT COMPARES THE REGULATONS WHICH SEVERAL CODES APPLY FOR EXAMINATION OF DEFECTS IN RADIOGRAPHIC FILMS.

ASME SEC-IX

API-650REFINERY PIPING API-1104PRESSURE VESSELS

Not covered (see undercut)

SPOT RADIOGRAPHYPIPING CODE 1104 - 1999

EDITION STORAGE TANK STD 650

NOV-1980 EDITION

ANSI PIPING CODE B31.3 - 1999 EDITION

SPOT RADIOGRAPHY

ASME SEC VIII DIV 1 - 1986 EDITION

100% RADIOGRAPHY

None Allowed (UW 51.b.1)


SERIAL NOTYPE OF

DISCONTINUITY



100% RADIOGRAPHY

CRACKS

INCOMPLETE PENETRATION @root pass (without high low)

INCOMPLETE FUSION @root pass

INCOMPLETE FUSION @side wall or between

beads (cold lap)

Smoothly contoured suck-up permitted if equal weld

reinforcement is provided. (UW-35.d)

The weld must be free of coarse ripples, grooves, overlaps abrubt ridges or

valleys. Any thickness reduction due to welding

shall not exceed the lesser of 1/32" or 10% of adjoining

wall thickness. (UW-35.a)

BURN - THROUGH

INTERNAL CONCAVITY

UNDERCUT @root pass or cap pass

None Allowed (UW 52.c.1)






Smoothly contoured suck-up permitted if equal weld

reinforcement is provided. (UW-35.d)

The weld must be free of coarse ripples, grooves, overlaps abrubt ridges or valleys. Any thickness

reduction due to welding shall not exceed the lesser of 1/32" or 10%

of adjoining wall thickness. (UW-35.a)

None Allowed (Table341.3.2A)





Not covered (see Incomplete penetration)

Shall not reduced the total thickness of the joint, including reinforcement, to less than the

thickness of the thinner of component being welded.



Maximum depth of 1/32" or 20% of wall thickness. Whichever is smaller. Maximum length of 1-1/2" in 6" weld

SAME AS ROOT PASS (Table341.3.2A)


See ASME SECTION VIII DIV1 para UW-51(b), (6.1.5)

None allowed except on horizontal butt joints the maximum depth is 1/32".

Maximum depth of vertical joint is 1/64". (5.2.1.4)

INCOMPLETE PENETRATION (due

to high low)


The length of an individual indication of IF exceeds

2"(50mm). (9.3.5)

The maximum dimension of BT exceeds 1/4" (6mm). 9.3.7.1 /

9.3.7.2 & 9.3.7.3


Not covered (see Incomplete penetration)

Shall not reduced the total thickness of the joint, including reinforcement, to less than the

thickness of the thinner of component being welded.

Minimum depth of 1/32" or 25% of wall thickness. Whichever is

smaller. None allowed for longitudinal butt welds.

None Allowed (SEC VIII Div 1, UW-51(b)

Maximum of 1" in length in 12" of weld or 8% of weld length if the weld length is 300mm. (9.3.1)

The length of an individual indication of IP exceeds

2"(50mm). (9.3.2)

The length of an individual indication of IF exceeds

1"(25mm). (9.3.4)

None Allowed (9.3.10)

None Allowed (5.3.2.1)




Any length of internal concavity is acceptable. (9.3.6 & 9.3.7)

The aggregate length of indications of cover pass (EU)

and root pass (IU) in any compination, in any continuous

12" (300mm) length of weld exceeds 2"(50mm) . see 9.7 and 9.3.11


Compiled by: Mahesh Chandran. Zirku Island - UAE based on QGPC source document.


ASME SEC-IX




NOV-1980 EDITION


SPOT RADIOGRAPHY


100% RADIOGRAPHYSERIAL NO

TYPE OF DISCONTINUITY

100% RADIOGRAPHY

9Ref:

(QW-191.2.1)

10 _

11 _

12 _

Not covered.

Not covered.

ACCUMULATION OF DISCONTINUITIES

Not covered. Not covered. Not covered. Not covered.

Inside weld reinforcement shall not be raised above parent

material by more than(2mm) and (3mm) for outside reinforcement.

POROSITY

Maximum size for any indications shall be lesser of

1/4T or 5/32". An isolated indication seperated by

atleast 1" is the lesser of 1/3T or 1/4". For T>2" the maximum acceptable size

is3/8". (UA-65), (appendix 5)

Rounded indications are not a factor in the acceptability of welds

not required to be fully radiographed. (UW-52)

Maximum size for any indication shall be the lesser of 1/4T or

5/32". Isolated indications seperated by atleast 1" is the

lesser of 1/3T or 1/4T for T>2" . The maximum acceptable size is

3/8". No surface porosity is allowed.

EXCESSIVE ROOT PENETRATION

For T<1/4" reqirements the same as for 100% radiography. For

T>1/4" requirements are 1.5times those for 100% radiography. No

surface porosity is allowed.

The size of an individual pore exceeds 1/8" (3mm). The

size of an individual pore exceeds 25% of thinner of the nominal wall thickness joined. Reference:(9.3.9.1 / 9.3.9.2 /

9.3.9.9 & 9.3.9.4)

Excluding of Incomplete penetration due to high-low and undercutting, any accumulation of imperfections (AI) shall be considered a defect should any of the following conditions exist: 1. The aggregate length of indications in any continuous 12" length of weld exceeds 2". 2. The aggregate length of indications exceeds 8% of the weld length. (9.3.1.2)

Not covered.

Longitudinal butt weld: same as 100% X-ray, except as noted.

Rights of rejection since NDT methods give indications. The company may reject any weld which appears to meet these

standards of acceptability. If in its opinion. The depth of

discontinuity may be detrimental to the weld.

General UW-35, d

Same as weld reinforcement. (UW-35, d).

Same as weld reinforcement. (UW-35, d).

See ASME SECTION VIII DIV1 para UW-51(b), (6.1.5)

Same as weld reinforcement (Table 341.3.2A)

Same as weld reinforcement (Table 341.3.2A)



ASME SEC-IX




NOV-1980 EDITION


SPOT RADIOGRAPHY




100% RADIOGRAPHY

PLATE THICK

MAX. REINFORCEMENT

THICK

_

VERTICALHORIZONT

AL

<1/2" 3/32" 1/8"

1/2 TO 1" 1/8" 3/16"

WELD REINFORCEMENT

13

MATERIAL THICKNESS MAXIMUM HEIGHTTHINNER MATERIAL

THICKNESS: T,MAXIMUM HEIGHT

1" TO 2"

2" TO 3"

3" TO 4"

1 / 16" TO 3 / 32"

3/32" TO 3/16"

4" TO 5"

>5"

3/16" TO 1"

5/32"

7/32"

1/4"

1 / 32"

1/16"

3/32"

5/16"

1/8"

<1/4"

>1/4" TO 1/2"

>1/2" TO 1"

OVER 1"

<1/4"

>1/4" TO 1/2"

>1/2" TO 1"

OVER 1" >1" 3/16" 1/4"

MATERIAL THICKNESS

LONG. MAX: CIR. MAX:

Inside diameter of the component at ends to be joined must be

aligned within engineering design and welding procedure. If the external surfaces of the two

components are not aligned the weld shall be tapered between

the two surfaces.

Inside diameter of the component at ends to be joined must be

aligned within engineering design and welding procedure. If the external surfaces of the two

components are not aligned the weld shall be tapered between

the two surfaces.

The alignment of a butting ends shall minimize the offset between

surfaces. For pipe ends of the same nominal thickness, the

offset should not exceed 1/8"(3mm) larger variations are

permissible provided the variation is caused by variations of the

pipe end dimensions with in the pipe purchase specification

tolerances, and such variations have been distributed essentially uniformly around circumference of the pipe. Hammering of the pipe to obtain proper line up

should be kept minimum. (7.2)

NOT COVERED

1/4"t

>1/2" to 3/4" 1/8" 1/4"t

3/16"

1-1/2" to 2" 1/8" 1/8"t

14 MISALIGNMENT

3/4"t to 1-1/2" 1/8"

<1/2" 1/4"t

>2" lesser of (UW-33A)

1/16t or 3/8" 1/8t or 3/4"

Vertical misalignment <10% of 1/16". Whichever larger

(5.2.3.1). Horizontal misalignment <20% of upper

plate, with 1/8" maximum. (5.2.3.2). 1/16" misalignment is

allowed for plates less than 5/16" thick. (5.2.3.2).

_



ASME SEC-IX




NOV-1980 EDITION


SPOT RADIOGRAPHY




100% RADIOGRAPHY

MATERIAL THICKNESS

MAX. LENGTH

<3/4" 1/4"

3/4" TO 2-1/4" 1/3t

>2-1/4"Max. total leng. 12t

Ref: (QW-191.2.1)

Maximum length of 1/3T, maximum total length T in 12T of weld. Maximum width of 3/32" or

1/3T. T=wall thickness. (Table

341.3.2A).

Maximum length 2T, maximum width of 1/8" or 1/2T. Maximum total length 1/4T in 6" of weld

length. T=wall thickness. (Table 341.3.2A)

The length of an ESI indications exceeds 2". The aggregate length of indications in any

continuous 12" length of weld exceeds 2". (9.3.8.1, 9.3.8.2 &

9.3.8.3). ESI - Elongated Slag Inclusions

Welds examined by radiography shall be judged according to ASME SEC VIII DIV 1. PARA

UW-51(B), (6.1.5)

FOR >2-3/8" OD PIPE. FOR SMALLER

DIAMETER SEE 6.512 NAD 6.522.

15SLAG INCLUSIONS

ELONGATED EXCEPT AS NOTED

RADIOGRAPHIC FILMS ONLY SHOW DEFECTS IN TWO

DIMENSIONS, DEPTH OF DISCONTINUITIES CANNOT BE

DETECTED.

100% RADIOGRAPHY AND SPOT ARE QUALITY LEVEL DESIGNATIONS USED BY

THE ASME PRESSUER VESSEL AND ANSI PIPING CODES, AND CAN BE USED

TO EVALUATE OTHER METHODS OF NDT.

t=weld thickness

Maximum length of 2/3T, where T is thickness of material with 3/4"

maximum. Maximum total lengths of T in 6T weld length.

(UW-52.C.2)

REFERENCES : CODES AND REGULATIONS:

1 ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE, SECTION VIII DIV 1.

2 ANSI B 31.3, CHEMICAL PLANT AND PETROLEUM REFINERY PIPING.

5 ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE, SECTION 1 POWER BOILERS.

3 API 650 WELDED STEEL TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE TANKS.

4 API 1104, STANDARD FOR WELDING PIPE LINES AND RELATED FACILITIES.


rt - weld evaluation comparison chart.xls

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