rule 6 cases civil procedure

7/24/2019 RULE 6 Cases CIVIL PROCEDURE

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RULE 6

SECTION 4

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, represented by the AIRTRANSPORTATION OFFICE (ATO), Pett!ners,"s#LEO$I%ARIO SARABIA, HER&ENI%IL$O $E LA CRU',$ELIA REBUTAR, &IL$RE$ ROSE, ANITA $E LA CRU',ERLIN$A LUCERIO, %EOR%IE $E LA CRU', FEL&A $ELA CRU', FELINO $E LA CRU', TERESITA SA&SON,EAN%ELINE COLO&ER, Resp!ndents#

$ E C I S I O N

%ARCIA, J#

Be*!re the C!+rt s ths pett!n *!r re"e !n -ert!r.r+nder R+/e 40 !* the R+/es !* C!+rt, .ss./n1 the de-s!n 2

d.ted N!"e3ber 2, 55 !* the C!+rt !* Appe./s n CA7%#R# C N!# 66254, h-h .**r3ed the N!"e3ber 56, 2888de-s!n !* the Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt .t A9/.n, Br.n-h 0, n.n e:pr!pr.t!n -.se there.t */ed by the pett!ner# The.**r3ed de-s!n !* the tr./ -!+rt dsp!st"e/y re.ds

;HEREFORE,


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the entre pr!perty s+b


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2# Th.t they .d3t e.-h .nd e"ery .//e1.t!n n p.r.1r.phs2,5,,4,0 .nd 6 !* the -!3p/.nt# They .d3t th.t the p!rt!n!* the /.nd s!+1ht t! be e:pr!pr.ted h-h s nd-.ted bythe hte sh.ded !* the s9et-h p/.n h-h s .tt.-hed .sANNE GBG !* the -!3p/.nt th .n .re. !* 4,82 s=+.re3eters, 3!re !r /ess, h.s been n the p!ssess!n !* thep/.nt** sn-e 2806 +p t! the present#

S1n*-.nt/y, p.r.1r.ph 6 !* the -!3p/.nth-h s .3!n1th!se .d3tted by the resp!ndents, re.ds

6# The s+b

Ths brn1s +s t! the ss+e !* hen the


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th.n 4 ye.rs th!+t the bene*t !* .ny .-t!n !* e3nentd!3.n !r .1ree3ent th ts !ners, ./bet th!+t pr!testby the /.tter# In . de-s!n n th.t -.se, penned by thenChe* +st-e Andres N.r".s., ths C!+rt, -tn1 the e.r/er-.se !* Republic vs. P)&,5r!te

N!r3.//y, !* -!+rse, here the nstt+t!n !* .n e:pr!pr.t!n.-t!n pre-edes the t.9n1 !* the pr!perty s+b


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%#R# N!# 2588 $e-e3ber 5, 56

FELI CA&ITAN, FRANCISCO CA&ITAN, SEEROCA&ITAN .nd ICTORIA CA&ITAN, pet t!ners,"s#THE HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS .nd THEFI$ELITM INEST&ENT CORPORATION, resp!ndents

$ E C I S I O N

TIN%A, J#

On 2 $e-e3ber 286D, the sp!+ses &.te! C.3t.n .ndL!ren. A/-..r (sp!+ses C.3t.n) s!/d t! Fde/tyIn"est3ent C!rp!r.t!n (resp!ndent) . p.r-e/ !* /.nd-!"ered by Tr.ns*er Cert*-.te !* Tt/e (TCT) N!# T7(2285)T72 /!-.ted n B.r.n1.y &.+n!n1, C./.3b.,L.1+n.# Up!n the e:e-+t!n !* the $eed !* Abs!/+te S./e,

the sp!+ses C.3t.n de/"ered t! resp!ndent -!rp!r.t!n(resp!ndent) the !ners d+p/-.te -ert*-.te !* tt/e(Oners C!py)# Fr!3 then !n, resp!ndent h.s beenp.yn1 the re./ est.te t.:es d+e !n the pr!perty .nd h.sre3.ned n .-t+./ phys-./ p!ssess!n there!*#2

On 58 $e-e3ber 288, .*ter the de.th !* the sp!+sesC.3t.n, th!+t the 9n!/ed1e !* resp!ndent, the hers !*the sp!+ses7pett!ners heren 7 */ed . pett!n *!r thess+.n-e !* . ne Oners C!py,5H!e"er, t .ppe.rs th.tresp!ndent .s n!t 1"en n!t-e !* s+-h pr!-eedn1s# Thetr./ -!+rt ss+ed .n !rder !* 1ener./ de*.+/t# A*ter .n e*

partepresent.t!n !* e"den-e by the pett!ners, the tr./-!+rt 1r.nted the pett!n .nd dre-ted the Re1ster !*

$eeds !* L.1+n. t! ss+e . ne Oners C!py, h/e .t thes.3e t3e de-/.rn1 "!d the *rst Oners C!py, per tsOrder d.ted &.r-h 2880#4

;hen resp!ndent /e.rned !* the pett!n .nd !rder *!r the*rst t3e n &.r-h 2880, t -.+sed the .nn!t.t!n !* . n!t-e!* s./e !n the tt/e !* the pr!perty# There.*ter, !n 56 Apr/2880, t */ed . N!t-e !* Ad"erse C/.3 th the Re1ster !*$eeds !* C./.3b., L.1+n.#0

In . Pett!n6*!r .nn+/3ent !*


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Anent the -/.3 th.t t *./ed t! .tt.-h e"en . ph!t!-!py !*the Oners C!py, resp!ndent -/.3s th.t there s n! r+/eh-h re=+res th.t the s+-h d!-+3ent sh!+/d be n-/+dedn . pett!n *!r .nn+/3ent !*


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: : : :

5# Pr".te resp!ndents deny spe-*-.//yp.r.1r.phs 4 .nd 0 !* the s.d pett!n *!r /.-9 !*9n!/ed1e .nd n*!r3.t!n s+**-ent t! *!r3 .be/e* .s t! the tr+th !* *./sty !* the .//e1.t!ns-!nt.ned theren .nd .s heret!*!res+bst.nt.ted#5

The re/e".nt pr!"s!ns !* the R+/es !* C!+rt .re Se-t!ns2 .nd 22, R+/e , h-h re.d

SEC# 2# %pecific #enial# A de*end.nt 3+stspe-*y e.-h 3.ter./ .//e1.t!n !* *.-t the tr+th !*h-h he d!es n!t .d3t .nd, hene"erpr.-t-.b/e, sh.// set *!rth the s+bst.n-e !* the3.tters +p!n h-h he re/es t! s+pp!rt hs den./#;here . de*end.nt desres t! deny !n/y . p.rt !*.n ."er3ent, he sh.// spe-*y s! 3+-h !* t .s str+e .nd 3.ter./ .nd sh.// deny !n/y there3.nder# ;here . de*end.nt s th!+t9n!/ed1e !r n*!r3.t!n s+**-ent t! *!r3 . be/e*.s t! the tr+th !* . 3.ter./ ."er3ent 3.de n the

-!3p/.nt, he sh.// s! st.te, .nd ths sh.// h."e thee**e-t !* . den./# (E3ph.ss s+pp/ed)

SEC#22#"llegation not specifically #enie# #eeme#a#mitte## &.ter./ ."er3ent n the -!3p/.nt,!ther th.n th!se .s t! the .3!+nt !* +n/=+d.tedd.3.1es, sh.// be dee3ed .d3tted hen n!tspe-*-.//y dened# A//e1.t!ns !* +s+ry n .-!3p/.nt t! re-!"er +s+r!+s nterest .re dee3ed.d3tted * n!t dened +nder !.th# (E3ph.sss+pp/ed)

A/th!+1h pett!ners p+t ther +n3st.9.b/y sp.rse den./ !*resp!ndents .//e1.t!ns re/.t"e t! the e:e-+t!n !* thedeed !* s./e n ts *."!r .nd ts p!ssess!n !* the OnersC!py +nder the he.dn1 GSPECIFIC $ENIALSG .nd.nte-edn1 t th the .d"erb Gspe-*-.//y, the s.3e -.nn!t*+n-t!n .s .n !per.t"e den./ thn the p+r"e !* theR+/es# A den./ s n!t spe-*- s3p/y be-.+se t s s!=+./*ed by the de*end.nt# A 1ener./ den./ d!es n!tbe-!3e spe-*- by the +se !* the !rd Gspe-*-.//y#G ;henthe 3.tters !* hether the de*end.nt .//e1es h."n1 n!9n!/ed1e !r n*!r3.t!n s+**-ent t! *!r3 . be/e*, .rep/.n/y .nd ne-ess.r/y thn the de*end.nts 9n!/ed1e,hs .//e1ed 1n!r.n-e !r /.-9 !* n*!r3.t!n

// n!t be -!nsdered .s . spe-*- den./#54In !ne -.se, t

.s he/d th.t hen . resp!ndent 3.9es . Gspe-*- den./G!* . 3.ter./ .//e1.t!n !* the pett!n th!+t settn1 *!rththe s+bst.n-e !* the 3.tters re/ed +p!n t! s+pp!rt ts1ener./ den./, hen s+-h 3.tters ere p/.n/y thn ts9n!/ed1e .nd the de*end.nt -!+/d n!t /!1-.//y pretend1n!r.n-e .s t! the s.3e, s.d de*end.nt *./s t! pr!per/ytender .n ss+e#50Pett!ners Gspe-*- den./G n ths -.se sne**e-t"e .nd .3!+nts t! .n .d3ss!n p+rs+.nt t! R+/e ,Se-# 22 !* the R+/es !* C!+rt#

Pett!ners 3.9e .n ss+e !* the /.-9 !* 3.ter./ e"den-et! s+pp!rt the C!+rt !* Appe./s -!n-/+s!n th.t the Oners

C!py .s n!t /!st, be-.+se resp!ndent *./ed t! .tt.-h thes.d Oners C!py !r e"en . ph!t!-!py there!*# The.r1+3ent s +n."./n1#

Frst/y, there s n! need !* pr!!* be-.+se !* pett!ners3p/ed .d3ss!n there!*#

Se-!nd/y, the 3.tter sh!+/d h."e been r.sed n thepr!-eedn1s be*!re the C!+rt !* Appe./s .nd n!t be*!re thsC!+rt# $espte ".r!+s !pp!rt+ntes, pett!ners *./ed t! d!s! be*!re the C!+rt !* Appe./s# In *.-t, t .s !n/y npett!ners &!t!n *!r Re-!nsder.t!n !* !+r

Res!/+t!n d.ted 2 +ne 288D ds3ssn1 ther pett!n5

th.t they -/.3ed th.t the C!+rt !* Appe./s -!33ttedG1r."e err!r t.nt.3!+nt t! /.-9 !*


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;ARNER BARNES .nd CO#, LT$#, p/.nt**7.ppe//ee,"s#%UILLER&O C# REMES, ET AL#, de*end.nts7.ppe//.nts#

+'aeta, Lichauco an# Pica'o for appellee.!ariano !. #e Joya for appellants.

PARAS, .J.

The p/.nt**7.ppe//ee */ed .1.nst the de*end.nts7.ppe//.nts .n .-t!n *!r *!re-/!s+re !* 3!rt1.1e !n A+1+st5, 2804# The deed !* 3!rt1.1e s+ed +p!n .s .tt.-hed t!the -!3p/.nt .s Anne: GAG# A*ter h."n1 been 1r.nted .ne:tens!n, the .ppe//.nts */ed .n .nser !n Septe3ber ,2804, .//e1n1

2# Th.t they .d3t p.r.1r.ph 2 !* the -!3p/.nt@

5# Th.t the de*end.nts .re th!+t 9n!/ed1e !rn*!r3.t!n s+**-ent t! *!r3 . be/e* .s t! the tr+th!* the 3.ter./ ."er3ents !* the re3.nder !* the-!3p/.nt@ .nd

# Th.t they hereby reser"e the r1ht t! present .n.3ended .nser th spe-./ de*enses .nd-!+nter-/.3#

As the .ppe//.nts dd n!t */e .ny .3ended .nser, the.ppe//ee 3!"ed !n N!"e3ber 20, 2804 *!r


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!* . den./, d!es n!t .pp/y here the *.-t .s t!h-h .nt !* 9n!/ed1e s .sserted s t! the9n!/ed1e !* the -!+rt .s p/.n/y .nd ne-ess.r/ythn the de*end.nts 9n!/ed1e th.t hs ."er3ent!* 1n!r.n-e 3+st be p./p.b/y +ntr+e# (I-/e P/.ntE=+p3ent C!# "s# &.rt!-e//!, $#C# P.# 2842, 4 F#S+pp# 52#)

;here*!re, the de-s!n .ppe./ed *r!3 s hereby .**r3edth -!sts .1.nst the .ppe//.nts# S! !rdered#

%#R# N!# 2064D4# A+1+st 26, 50

9


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PESANE ANI&AS &ON%AO,

The nst.nt pett!n !r1n.ted *r!3 . -!3p/.nt *!rres-ss!n .nd d.3.1es */ed !n Febr+.ry 24, 2880 bypett!ners, Sp!+ses Pes.ne An3.s &!n1.! (here.*terre*erred t! .s pett!ner &!n1.!) .nd Benh+r &!n1.!,.1.nst resp!ndent Pry-e Pr!pertes C!rp!r.t!n be*!re theRe1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt (RTC) n %ener./ S.nt!s Cty# The

-!3p/.nt .//e1ed th.t pett!ner &!n1.! .nd resp!ndent-!rp!r.t!n e:e-+ted . !emoran#um of "greement4 !n$e-e3ber 5, 288, heren the *!r3er .1reed t! se// t!the /.tter *!r the t!t./ pr-e !* F"e &//!n Tenty7E1htTh!+s.nd E1ht H+ndred Pes!s (P0,5,#) . p.r-e/!* /.nd n P!/!3!/!9, S!+th C!t.b.t! -!"ered by Tr.ns*erCert*-.te !* Tt/e (TCT) N!# T755260 re1stered n then.3e !* pett!ner &!n1.! !n/y# In .--!rd.n-e th theter3s .nd -!ndt!ns !* the !emoran#um of "greement,resp!ndent -!rp!r.t!n .//e1ed/y p.d pett!ners the s+3 !*F"e H+ndred F*ty Th!+s.nd Pes!s (P00,#) .se.rnest 3!ney -!nsdered .s p.rt !* the p+r-h.se pr-e#The -!3p/.nt *+rther .//e1ed th.t .*ter -!nsder.b/e de/.y,resp!ndent -!rp!r.t!n !**ered t! p.y the b./.n-e !* the

p+r-h.se pr-e by ss+n1 . -he-9 p.y.b/e t! pett!ner&!n1.! .nd her 3!ther, Ne//e An3.s, h-h the *!r3erre


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dd n!t e:e-+te the Dee# of %ale .nd th.t pett!ner&!n1.! .s the !ner !* the s+b

Pett!ners .-t!n *!r res-ss!n s 3.n/y b.sed !n the.//e1ed bre.-h by resp!ndent -!rp!r.t!n !* ts -!ntr.-t+.!b/1.t!n +nder the !emoran#um of "greement henresp!ndent re*+sed t! e**e-t p.y3ent !* the p+r-h.se pr-es!/e/y t! pett!ner &!n1.!# The -!3p/.nt pertnent/y.//e1ed the *!//!n1

4# P/.nt** Pes.ne An3.s &!n1.! s the re1stered !nen *ee s3p/e !* . p.r-e/ !* /.nd 3!re p.rt-+/.r/y des-rbed.s # # # #

0# In . &e3!r.nd+3 !* A1ree3ent d.ted 5 $e-e3ber288 .nd entered n the N!t.r./ Re1ster !* Atty# R!s./! CC.rQ!, .s $!-+3ent N!# D0, P.1e N!# 20, B!!9 N!# II,Seres !* 288@ p/.nt** Pes.ne An3.s &!n1.! .1reed t!

11
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se// the .*!res.d p.r-e/ !* /.nd t! de*end.nt (-!py !* the&e3!r.nd+3 !* A1ree3ent s .tt.-hed .s Anne: B)@

6# As e.rnest 3!ney, de*end.nt p.d t! p/.nt** Pes.neAn3.s &!n1.!, .nd n her s!/e n.3e, the .3!+nt !*P00,#@

# # # #5

On the !ther h.nd, n!thn1 *r!3 the .//e1.t!ns nresp!ndent -!rp!r.t!ns .nser 3.9es !+t . pr!per

2# P.r.1r.phs 2, 5, , .nd 0 !* the C!3p/.nt .re.d3tted#52

P.r.1r.ph 0 !* the -!3p/.nt re*erred t! .b!"e st.tes

0# In . &e3!r.nd+3 !* A1ree3ent d.ted 5 $e-e3ber288 .nd entered n the N!t.r./ Re1ster !* Atty# R!s./! C#C.rQ!, .s $!-+3ent N!# D0, P.1e N!# 20, B!!9 N!# II,Seres !* 288@ p/.nt** Pes.ne An3.s &!n1.! .1reed t!se// the .*!res.d p.r-e/ !* /.nd t! de*end.nt (-!py !* the&e3!r.nd+3 !* A1ree3ent s .tt.-hed .s Anne: B)@55

As t! h! resp!ndent -!rp!r.t!n .//e1ed/y bre.-hed ts-!ntr.-t+./ !b/1.t!n +nder the !emoran#um of"greement s //+str.ted by the *!//!n1 ."er3ents n the-!3p/.nt

D# S+bse=+ent t! the e:e-+t!n !* the &e3!r.nd+3 !*A1ree3ent, de*end.nt -!rp!r.t!n .*ter -!nsder.b/e de/.y!**ered t! p.y the b./.n-e !* the p+r-h.se pr-e net !* st//+ndeter3ned .nd +nds-/!sed ded+-t!ns, ths t3e n then.3e !* b!th p/.nt** Pes.ne An3.s &!n1.! .nd th.t !*her 3!ther@

# P/.nt** Pes.ne An3.s &!n1.!


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As e.r/er st.ted, .n .nser 3.y .//e1e .**r3.t"ede*enses h-h 3.y str9e d!n the p/.nt**s -.+se !*.-t!n# An .**r3.t"e de*ense s !ne h-h s n!t . den./ !*.n essent./ n1redent n the p/.nt**s -.+se !* .-t!n, b+t!ne h-h, * est.b/shed, // be . 1!!d de*ense i.e. .nG."!d.n-eG !* the -/.3#56 A**r3.t"e de*enses n-/+de*r.+d, st.t+te !* /3t.t!ns, re/e.se p.y3ent, //e1./ty,st.t+te !* *r.+ds, est!ppe/, *!r3er re-!"ery, ds-h.r1e nb.n9r+pt-y, .nd .ny !ther 3.tter by .y !* -!n*ess!n .nd."!d.n-e# ;hen the .nser .sserts .**r3.t"e de*enses,

there s pr!per

22# Th.t, s!3et3e n $e-e3ber, 288, the de*end.nt,thr!+1h S#N# &!/e ent t! %ener./ S.nt!s Cty, brn1n1th h3 the t! (5) -he-9s ne-ess.ry t! p.y the B.n9 n!rder t! redee3 the An3.s *.3/y /.nds *r!3 the B.n9, thertten .1ree3ents !+t/nn1 the ter3s !* the p+r-h.se by

de*end.nt !* the /.nds, .nd the deeds !* .bs!/+te s./e *!rthe /.nds th.t de*end.nt ntended t! p+r-h.se#

25# Th.t +p!n de/"ery !* the -he-9s t! the B.n9, p/.nt**(.nd her h+sb.nd), .s e// .s Pedr! An3.s, r# (there1stered !ner !* the !ther /.nd p+r-h.sed by thede*end.nt) s1ned the ne-ess.ry 3e3!r.nd. !*.1ree3ent, .s e// .s the deeds !* -!n"ey.n-es (deeds !*.bs!/+te s./e)#

2# Th.t, n the 3e.nt3e, . N!t-e !* Ls Pendens .s.nn!t.ted n TCT N!# T75526 re1.rdn1 C"/ C.se N!0280 GFOR PARTITIONG then pendn1 # # # .nd entt/edGPE$RO ANI&AS I, P/.nt**, "ers+s NELLIE ANI&ASBAL$O&ERO ANI&AS, E$UAR$O ANI&AS, PE$ROANI&AS, R#, PE$RO ANI&AS I, PE$RO ANI&AS &ARIIC ANI&AS, &ARINEL ANI&AS LI& .nd PESANEANI&AS, $e*end.ntsG .nd, !n &.y 5, 2884,


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55# Th.t the -!3p/.nt st.tes n! -.+se !* .-t!n .1.nst thede*end.nt#

5# Th.t ths s+t .-t+.//y n"!/"es -!n*/-tn1 -/.3s .3!n13e3bers !* the s.3e *.3/y#5D

In essen-e, resp!ndent -!rp!r.t!n


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%#R# N!# 25664 N!"e3ber 5, 5

SPOUSES &ARCELO B# ARENAS .nd ANITA T# ARENAS,petitioners,"s#THE HON# COURT OF APPEALS, SPOUSES CONRA$OS# ROAS AN$ ROSALINA BAU'ON ROAS,respon#ents.

$ E C I S I O N

PAR$O, J.

The C.se

The -.se s . pett!n *!r re"e2.ss./n1 the de-s!n !*the C!+rt !* Appe./s,5 re"ersn1 .nd settn1 .sde thede-s!n !* the Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt, P.n1.sn.n, Br.n-h8, Ln1.yen, ds3ssn1 pett!ners -!3p/.nt *!rG$.3.1es, Cert!r.r th . ;rt !* Pre/3n.ry In


16/127

G26# Th.t /9ese p/.nt**s s+**ered . net n-!3e /!ss !*P0,# .t the r.te !* P0,# per 3!nth@

G2D# Th.t s3/.r/y p/.nt**s ere -!nstr.ned t! en1.1e theser"-es !* +nders1ned -!+nse/ *!r . *ee !* P50,##G

On Septe3ber 4, 2882, the Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt ss+ed .te3p!r.ry restr.nn1 !rder22 en

s+spend the pr!-eedn1s *!r the re.s!n th.t the pendn1.ppe./20r.ses . pre


17/127

t d!es n!t re=+re the presen-e !* thrd p.rtes !* h!3 the-!+rt -.nn!t .-=+re


18/127

G(d) .nd there 3+st be beteen the *rst .ndse-!nd .-t!ns dentty !* p.rtes, s+b


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%#R# N!# 26002 +/y 2, 522

$ATU ?IRA& SA&PACO, s+bstt+ted by HA$I SORAMAS# &ACABAN$O, Pett!ner,"s#HA$I SERA$ &IN%CA LANTU$, Resp!ndent#

$ E C I S I O N

PERALTA, J.

Ths s . pett!n *!r re"e !n -ert!r.r !* the C!+rt !*Appe./s $e-s!n d.ted A+1+st 20, 5 n CA7%#R# CN!# 62 .nd ts Res!/+t!n d.ted &.y 2, 54, denyn1pett!ners 3!t!n *!r re-!nsder.t!n#

The *.-ts, .s st.ted by the C!+rt !* Appe./s, .re .s *!//!s

On Septe3ber 24, 284, resp!ndent H.d


20/127

The tr./ -!+rt he/d th.t the ss+.n-e !* resp!ndents tt/e,OCT N!# P760, .s t.nted th *r.+d .nd rre1+/.rtes.nd the tt/e s, there*!re, sp+r!+s@ hen-e, t s n+// .nd"!d, .nd th!+t .ny pr!b.t"e "./+e# The *ndn1 !* *r.+d.s b.sed !n (2) the Cert*-.t!n ss+ed by $.t+ S.3r.And.3, AAd3# Assst.nt II, N.t+r./ Res!+r-es $str-t N!#II7, &.r. Cty, st.tn1 th.t the d.t. -!nt.ned nresp!ndents tt/e ere "er*ed .nd h.d n! re-!rd n thes.d !**-e@ (5) the s.d Cert*-.t!n .s n!t re*+ted !rreb+tted by resp!ndent@ () h/e *ree p.tents .re n!r3.//y

ss+ed *!r .1r-+/t+r./ /.nds, resp!ndents tt/e s . *reep.tent tt/e ss+ed !"er . resdent./ /.nd .s the /!t sdes-rbed n the C!3p/.nt .s . resdent./ /!t@ .nd (4)M+s!ph L+3.3p., .n e3p/!yee !* the /!-./ B+re.+ !*L.nds, t! h!3 resp!ndent .//e1ed/y entr+sted thep.per!r9 !* the /.nd tt/n1, .s n!t presented .s .tness#

&!re!"er, the tr./ -!+rt st.ted th.t resp!ndent *./ed t!est.b/sh th -!3petent .nd -redb/e e"den-e th.t he .sn pr!r p!ssess!n !* the s+b


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I

THE COURT OF APPEALS &ISERABLM FAILE$TO CONSI$ER THE FACT THAT THE TORRENSTITLE INOLE$ HEREIN ;AS ISSUE$PURSUANT TO A FREE PATENT ;HICH COUL$NOT BE ALI$LM ISSUE$ OER A PRIATELAN$#

II

THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRE$ IN$ISRE%AR$IN% THE FACT THAT AS CERTIFIE$TO BM THE BUREAU OF LAN$S ITSELF NOSUCH FREE PATENT OER THE SUBECTLAN$ ;AS ISSUE$ BM IT@ HENCE, SAI$ FREEPATENT IS SPURIOUS#

III

THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRE$ INREERSIN% THE $ECISION OF THE TRIALCOURT THAT THE SUBECT LOT HA$ LON%

BEEN O;NE$, POSSESSE$ AN$ CULTIATE$BM THE $EFEN$ANT (PETITIONER HEREIN) ORHIS PRE$ECESSORS7IN7INTEREST SINCETI&E I&&E&ORIAL IN THE CONCEPT OF ANO;NER#

I

THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRE$ IN RULIN%THAT THE PETITIONERS COUNTERCLAI& FORCANCELLATION OF RESPON$ENTS TITLE ISBARRE$#

THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRE$ IN RULIN%THAT THE COUNTERCLAI& IN THE INSTANTCASE IS A COLLATERAL ATTAC? ONRESPON$ENT7PLAINTIFFS TITLE#

I

THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRE$ IN $ENMIN%PETITIONERS &OTION FORRECONSI$ERATION#50

The 3.n ss+e s hether !r n!t the C!+rt !* Appe./s erredn s+st.nn1 the "./dty !* OCT N!# P760 .nd -!n*r3n1resp!ndent .s !ner !* the pr!perty n dsp+te#

Pett!ner -!ntends th.t the C!+rt !* Appe./s erred ndsre1.rdn1 the *.-t th.t the T!rrens tt/e .s ss+ed t!resp!ndent by "rt+e !* . *ree p.tent -!"ern1 . resdent.//!t th.t s pr".te /.nd .s t h.s been .-=+red by pett!nerthr!+1h !pen, p+b/-, -!ntn+!+s .nd /.*+/ p!ssess!n !*the /.nd n the -!n-ept !* !ner# Pett!ner th+s pr.yed *!rthe -.n-e//.t!n !* resp!ndents tt/e .nd the re-!n"ey.n-e

!* the s+b


22/127

The C!+rt h!/ds th.t the -ert*-.t!n, by tse/*, s ns+**-entt! pr!"e the .//e1ed *r.+d# Fr.+d .nd 3srepresent.t!n, .s1r!+nds *!r -.n-e//.t!n !* p.tent .nd .nn+/3ent !* tt/e,sh!+/d ne"er be pres+3ed, b+t 3+st be pr!"ed by -/e.r.nd -!n"n-n1 e"den-e, 3ere prep!nder.n-e !* e"den-en!t ben1 .de=+.te#Fr.+d s . =+est!n !* *.-t h-h 3+stbe pr!"ed#4The s1n.t!ry !* the -ert*-.t!n, $.t+ S.3r.And.3, AAd3# Assst.nt II, N.t+r./ Res!+r-es $str-t N!#II7, &.r. Cty, .s n!t presented n -!+rt t! test*y !nthe d+e ss+.n-e !* the -ert*-.t!n, .nd t! test*y !n the

det./s !* hs -ert*-.t!n, p.rt-+/.r/y the re.s!n hy thes.d !**-e h.d n! re-!rds !* the d.t. -!nt.ned n OCT N!#P760 !r t! test*y !n the *.-t !* *r.+d, * .ny#

Th+s, the C!+rt h!/ds th.t the e"den-e !n re-!rd sns+**-ent t! pr!"e th.t *r.+d .s -!33tted n thess+.n-e !* resp!ndents T!rrens tt/e# Hen-e, resp!ndentsT!rrens tt/e s . "./d e"den-e !* hs !nershp !* the /.ndn dsp+te#

On the !ther h.nd, pett!ner -/.3s !nershp !* thes+b


23/127

Se-t!n 4 !* P$ N!# 2058 *r!3 . dre-t .tt.-9, .nd he/dth.t . -!+nter-/.3 3.y be -!nsdered .s . -!3p/.nt !r .nndependent .-t!n .nd -.n be -!nsdered . dre-t .tt.-9!n the tt/e, th+s

The !ne7ye.r pres-rpt"e per!d, h!e"er, d!es n!t .pp/yhen the pers!n see9n1 .nn+/3ent !* tt/e !rre-!n"ey.n-e s n p!ssess!n !* the /!t# Ths s be-.+sethe .-t!n p.rt.9es !* . s+t t! =+et tt/e h-h s3pres-rptb/e# In Davi# v. !alay, e he/d th.t . pers!n n

.-t+./ p!ssess!n !* . pe-e !* /.nd +nder -/.3 !*!nershp 3.y .t +nt/ hs p!ssess!n s dst+rbed !r hstt/e s .tt.-9ed be*!re t.9n1 steps t! "nd-.te hs r1ht,.nd hs +ndst+rbed p!ssess!n 1"es h3 the -!ntn+n1r1ht t! see9 the .d !* . -!+rt !* e=+ty t! .s-ert.n .nddeter3ne the n.t+re !* the .d"erse -/.3 !* . thrd p.rty.nd ts e**e-t !n hs tt/e#

: : : :

Se-t!n 4 !* P#$# 2058, the Pr!perty Re1str.t!n $e-ree,pr!"des th.t . -ert*-.te !* tt/e sh.// n!t be s+b

Ar.n1!te "# &.1/+n!b,46.nd C.t!res "# A*d-h.!#4D

B.sed !n the *!re1!n1, the C!+rt h!/ds th.t pett!ners-!+nter-/.3 *!r -.n-e//.t!n !* resp!ndents tt/e s n!t .

-!//.ter./ .tt.-9, b+t . dre-t .tt.-9 !n the T!rrens tt/e !*pett!ner# H!e"er, the -!+nter-/.3 see9n1 *!r the-.n-e//.t!n !* tt/e .nd re-!n"ey.n-e !* the s+b


24/127

%#R# N!# 2D856D +ne 50, 52

ESUS C# %ARCIA, Pett!ner,"s#THE HONORABLE RAM ALAN T# $RILON, Presdn1+d1e, Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt7Br.n-h 42, B.-!/!d Cty, .ndROSALIE AMPE7%ARCIA, *!r herse/* .nd n beh./* !*3n!r -h/dren, n.3e/y O7ANN, OSEPH E$UAR$,ESSE ANTHONE, .// s+rn.3ed %ARCIA, Resp!ndents#

$ E C I S I O N

PERLAS7BERNABE, J.

H./ed .s the b.st!n !* Chrst.nty n As., the Ph/ppnesb!.sts !* 6# 3//!n F/pn!s7 !r 8 per-ent !* . t!t./p!p+/.t!n !* 8# 3//!n J .dhern1 t! the te.-hn1s !*es+s Chrst#2Met, the .d3!nt!n *!r h+sb.nds t! /!"e ther"es .s ther !n b!des


25/127

s3p/y */ed the h!+se nste.d !* t.9n1 her t! the h!spt./#Pr".te resp!ndent .s h!spt./ed *!r .b!+t se"en (D)d.ys n h-h t3e pett!ner ne"er b!thered t! "st, n!r.p!/!1ed !r sh!ed pty !n her# Sn-e then, pr".teresp!ndent h.s been +nder1!n1 ther.py ./3!st e"eryee9 .nd s t.9n1 .nt7depress.nt 3ed-.t!ns#25

;hen pr".te resp!ndent n*!r3ed the 3.n.1e3ent !*R!bns!ns B.n9 th.t she ntends t! */e -h.r1es .1.nst theb.n9 3.n.1er, pett!ner 1!t .n1ry th her *!r Pr".te resp!ndent s deter3ned t! sep.r.te *r!3pett!ner b+t she s .*r.d th.t he !+/d t.9e her -h/dren*r!3 her .nd depr"e her !* *n.n-./ s+pp!rt# Pett!ner h.dpre"!+s/y .rned her th.t * she 1!es !n . /e1./ b.tt/e thh3, she !+/d n!t 1et . sn1/e -ent."!#24

Pett!ner -!ntr!/s the *.3/y b+snesses n"!/"n1 3!st/ythe -!nstr+-t!n !* deep e//s# He s the Presdent !* three-!rp!r.t!ns J 56 Re./ty H!/dn1s, In-#, Ne1r!s R!t.dr//C!rp!r.t!n, .nd 7Br!s Tr.dn1 C!rp!r.t!n J !* h-h he.nd pr".te resp!ndent .re b!th st!-9h!/ders# In -!ntr.st t!the .bs!/+te -!ntr!/ !* pett!ner !"er s.d -!rp!r.t!ns,pr".te resp!ndent 3ere/y dr.s . 3!nth/y s./.ry !*P5,# *r!3 !ne -!rp!r.t!n !n/y, the Ne1r!s R!t.dr//C!rp!r.t!n# H!+seh!/d e:penses .3!+ntn1 t! n!t /essth.n P5,# . 3!nth .re p.d *!r by pr".teresp!ndent thr!+1h the +se !* -redt -.rds, h-h, n t+rn,.re p.d by the s.3e -!rp!r.t!n t!1ether th the b//s *!r+t/tes#20

On the !ther h.nd, pett!ner re-e"es . 3!nth/y s./.ry !*P6,# *r!3 Ne1r!s R!t.dr// C!rp!r.t!n, .nd en

A-t!n !* the RTC !* B.-!/!d Cty

Fndn1 re.s!n.b/e 1r!+nd t! be/e"e th.t .n 33nentd.n1er !* "!/en-e .1.nst the pr".te resp!ndent .nd her-h/dren e:sts !r s .b!+t t! re-+r, the RTC ss+ed . TPO2

!n &.r-h 54, 56 e**e-t"e *!r thrty () d.ys, h-h s=+!ted here+nder

Resp!ndent (pett!ner heren), es+s Ch+. %.r-., shereby

.) Ordered t! re3!"e .// hs pers!n./ be/!n1n1s*r!3 the -!n


26/127

Pett!ner, e"ery 20 d.ys !* the 3!nth, +nder p.n!* Indre-t C!nte3pt !* C!+rt#

h) T! ens+re -!3p/.n-e espe-.//y th the !rder1r.ntn1 s+pp!rt pendente /te, .nd -!nsdern1 the*n.n-./ res!+r-es !* the Resp!ndent .nd hsthre.t th.t * the Pett!ner s+es she // n!t 1et .sn1/e -ent."!, the Resp!ndent s !rdered t! p+t+p . BON$ TO ?EEP THE PEACE n the .3!+nt!* FIE &ILLION PESOS, n t! s+**-ent s+retes#

On Apr/ 54, 56, +p!n 3!t!n28 !* pr".teresp!ndent, the tr./ -!+rt ss+ed .n .3endedTPO,5e**e-t"e *!r thrty () d.ys, h-h n-/+dedthe *!//!n1 .ddt!n./ pr!"s!ns

) The pett!ners (pr".te resp!ndents heren) .re1"en the -!ntn+ed +se !* the Nss.n P.tr!/ .ndthe St.re: .n h-h they .re +sn1 n Ne1r!sO--dent./#


27/127

Asde *r!3 the rep/e"n s+t, pett!ners /.yers nt.ted the*/n1 by the h!+se3.ds !r9n1 .t the -!n


28/127

$+rn1 the penden-y !* C"/ C.se N!# 67D8D, pett!ner*/ed be*!re the C!+rt !* Appe./s (CA) . pett!n4 *!rpr!hbt!n (CA7%#R# CEB7SP# N!# 268), th pr.yer *!rn


29/127

hether -"/, -r3n./, spe-./ pr!-eedn1s, /.ndre1str.t!n, 1+.rd.nshp, n.t+r./.t!n, .d3r./ty !rns!/"en-y#44 It s sett/ed th.t RTCs h."e


30/127

e:tend !r rene the s.d !rder *!r . per!d !* thrty ()d.ys e.-h t3e +nt/ *n./

Feder./ n


31/127

r.ther th.n


32/127


33/127

A--!rdn1 t! the Ph/ppne C!33ss!n !n ;!3en (theN.t!n./ &.-hnery *!r %ender E=+./ty .nd ;!3ensE3p!er3ent), "!/en-e .1.nst !3en (A;) s dee3edt! be -/!se/y /n9ed th the +ne=+./ p!er re/.t!nshpbeteen !3en .nd 3en !therse 9n!n .s G1ender7b.sed "!/en-eG# S!-et./ n!r3s .nd tr.dt!ns d-t.tepe!p/e t! thn9 3en .re the /e.ders, p+rs+ers, pr!"ders,.nd t.9e !n d!3n.nt r!/es n s!-ety h/e !3en .ren+rt+rers, 3ens -!3p.n!ns .nd s+pp!rters, .nd t.9e !ns+b!rdn.te r!/es n s!-ety# Ths per-ept!n /e.ds t! 3en

1.nn1 3!re p!er !"er !3en# ;th p!er -!3es theneed t! -!ntr!/ t! ret.n th.t p!er# And A; s . *!r3 !*3ens e:press!n !* -!ntr!//n1 !3en t! ret.n p!er#D2

The Unted N.t!ns, h-h h.s /!n1 re-!1ned A; .s .h+3.n r1hts ss+e, p.ssed ts Res!/+t!n 424 !n the$e-/.r.t!n !n E/3n.t!n !* !/en-e A1.nst ;!3en !n$e-e3ber 5, 288 st.tn1 th.t G"!/en-e .1.nst !3en s. 3.n*est.t!n !* hst!r-.//y +ne=+./ p!er re/.t!nsbeteen 3en .nd !3en, h-h h."e /ed t! d!3n.t!n!"er .nd ds-r3n.t!n .1.nst !3en by 3en .nd t! thepre"ent!n !* the *+// .d".n-e3ent !* !3en, .nd th.t"!/en-e .1.nst !3en s !ne !* the -r+-./ s!-./3e-h.ns3s by h-h !3en .re *!r-ed nt! s+b!rdn.te

p!st!ns, -!3p.red th 3en#GD5

Then Che* +st-e Reyn.t! S# P+n! tr.-ed the hst!r-./.nd s!-./ -!nte:t !* 1ender7b.sed "!/en-e .ndde"e/!p3ents n .d"!-.-es t! er.d-.te A;, n hsre3.r9s de/"ered d+rn1 the !nt L.+n-hn1 !* R#A# 8565.nd ts I3p/e3entn1 R+/es /.st O-t!ber 5D, 54, thepertnent p!rt!ns !* h-h .re =+!ted here+nder

Hst!ry re"e./s th.t 3!st s!-etes s.n-t!ned the +se !*"!/en-e .1.nst !3en# The p.tr.r-h !* . *.3/y .s.--!rded the r1ht t! +se *!r-e !n 3e3bers !* the *.3/y+nder hs -!ntr!/# I =+!te the e.r/y st+des

Tr.dt!ns s+b!rdn.tn1 !3en h."e . /!n1 hst!ry r!!tedn p.tr.r-hy J the nstt+t!n./ r+/e !* 3en# ;!3en ereseen n "rt+.//y .// s!-etes t! be n.t+r.//y n*er!r b!thphys-.//y .nd nte//e-t+.//y# In .n-ent ;estern s!-etes,!3en hether s/."e, -!n-+bne !r *e, ere +nder the.+th!rty !* 3en# In /., they ere tre.ted .s pr!perty#

The R!3.n -!n-ept !* p.tr. p!test.s .//!ed the h+sb.ndt! be.t, !r e"en 9//, hs *e * she end.n1ered hs pr!pertyr1ht !"er her# +d.s3, Chrst.nty .nd !ther re/1!ns!rented t!.rds the p.tr.r-h./ *.3/y stren1thened the3./e d!3n.ted str+-t+re !* s!-ety#

En1/sh *e+d./ /. ren*!r-ed the tr.dt!n !* 3./e -!ntr!/!"er !3en# E"en the e3nent B/.-9st!ne h.s been=+!ted n hs -!33ent.res .s s.yn1 h+sb.nd .nd *eere !ne .nd th.t !ne .s the h+sb.nd# H!e"er, n the/.te 20s .nd thr!+1h the entre 26s, En1/sh -!33!n/. be1.n t! /3t the r1ht !* h+sb.nds t! -h.stse ther"es# Th+s, -!33!n /. de"e/!ped the r+/e !* th+3b,h-h .//!ed h+sb.nds t! be.t ther "es th . r!d !rst-9 n! th-9er th.n ther th+3b#

In the /.ter p.rt !* the 28th -ent+ry, /e1./ re-!1nt!n !*these r1hts t! -h.stse "es !r n*/-t -!rp!re.p+nsh3ent -e.sed# E"en then, the preser".t!n !* the*.3/y .s 1"en 3!re 3p!rt.n-e th.n pre"entn1 "!/en-et! !3en#

The 3et.3!rph!ss !* the /. !n "!/en-e n the UntedSt.tes *!//!ed th.t !* the En1/sh -!33!n /.# In 2D2the S+pre3e C!+rt !* A/.b.3. be-.3e the *rst .ppe//.te-!+rt t! str9e d!n the -!33!n /. r1ht !* . h+sb.nd t!

be.t hs *e

The pr"/e1e, .n-ent th!+1h t 3.y be, t! be.t !nes *eth . st-9, t! p+// her h.r, -h!9e her, spt n her *.-e !9-9 her .b!+t the */!!r, !r t! n*/-t +p!n her /9e nd1ntes,s n!t n! .-9n!/ed1ed by !+r /.### In pers!n, the *e sentt/ed t! the s.3e pr!te-t!n !* the /. th.t the h+sb.nd-.n n"!9e *!r h3se/*#

As t3e 3.r-hed !n, the !3ens .d"!-.-y 3!"e3enbe-.3e 3!re !r1.ned# The te3per.n-e /e.1+es nt.tedt# These /e.1+es h.d . s3p/e *!-+s# They -!nsdered thee"/s !* ./-!h!/s3 .s the r!!t -.+se !* *e .b+se# Hen-e

they de3!nstr.ted .nd p-9eted s./!!ns, b.rs .nd therh+sb.nds !ther .tern1 h!/es# S!!n, h!e"er, the-r+s.de .s

The *e3nst 3!"e3ent e:p!sed the pr".te n"sb/ty !the d!3est- "!/en-e t! the p+b/- 1.e# They s+--eededn tr.ns*!r3n1 the ss+e nt! .n 3p!rt.nt p+b/- -!n-ernN! /ess th.n the Unted St.tes S+pre3e C!+rt, n 2885-.se P/.nned P.renth!!d "# C.sey, n!ted

In .n ."er.1e 2573!nth per!d n ths -!+ntry.ppr!:3.te/y t! 3//!n !3en .re the "-t3s !* se"ere.ss.+/ts by ther 3./e p.rtners# In . 280 s+r"ey, !3enrep!rted th.t ne.r/y !ne !* e"ery e1ht h+sb.nds h.d.ss.+/ted ther "es d+rn1 the p.st ye.r# The A3er-.n&ed-./ Ass!-.t!n "es these *1+res .s G3.r9ed+nderest3.tes,G be-.+se the n.t+re !* these n-dentsds-!+r.1es !3en *r!3 rep!rtn1 the3, .nd be-.+ses+r"eys typ-.//y e:-/+de the "ery p!!r, th!se h! d! n!tspe.9 En1/sh e//, .nd !3en h! .re h!3e/ess !r nnstt+t!ns !r h!spt./s hen the s+r"ey s -!nd+-tedA--!rdn1 t! the A&A, Grese.r-hers !n *.3/y "!/en-e.1ree th.t the tr+e n-den-e !* p.rtner "!/en-e s pr!b.b/yd!+b/e the .b!"e est3.tes@ !r *!+r 3//!n se"ere/y.ss.+/ted !3en per ye.r#G

St+des !n pre"./en-e s+11est th.t *r!3 !ne7**th t! !ne7thrd !* .// !3en // be phys-.//y .ss.+/ted by . p.rtner!r e:7p.rtner d+rn1 ther /*et3e### Th+s !n .n ."er.1e d.yn the Unted St.tes, ne.r/y 22, !3en .re se"ere/y.ss.+/ted by ther 3./e p.rtners# &.ny !* these n-dentsn"!/"e se:+./ .ss.+/t### In *.3/es here *e be.tn1t.9es p/.-e, 3!re!"er, -h/d .b+se s !*ten present .s e//#

Other st+des *// n the rest !* ths tr!+b/n1 p-t+re# Phys-."!/en-e s !n/y the 3!st "sb/e *!r3 !* .b+se

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Psy-h!/!1-./ .b+se, p.rt-+/.r/y *!r-ed s!-./ .nde-!n!3- s!/.t!n !* !3en, s ./s! -!33!n#

&.ny "-t3s !* d!3est- "!/en-e re3.n th ther.b+sers, perh.ps be-.+se they per-e"e n! s+per!r./tern.t"e###&.ny .b+sed !3en h! *nd te3p!r.ryre*+1e n she/ters ret+rn t! ther h+sb.nds, n /.r1e p.rtbe-.+se they h."e n! !ther s!+r-e !* n-!3e### Ret+rnn1t! !nes .b+ser -.n be d.n1er!+s# Re-ent Feder./ B+re.+!* In"est1.t!n st.tst-s ds-/!se th.t # per-ent !* .//

h!3-de "-t3s n the Unted St.tes .re 9//ed by thersp!+ses###Thrty per-ent !* *e3./e h!3-de "-t3s .re9//ed by ther 3./e p.rtners#

Fn.//y n 2884, the Unted St.tes C!n1ress en.-ted the!/en-e A1.nst ;!3en A-t#

In the Intern.t!n./ *r!nt, the !3ens str+11/e *!r e=+./ty.s n! /ess s+--ess*+/# The Unted St.tes Ch.rter .nd theUn"ers./ $e-/.r.t!n !* H+3.n R1hts .**r3ed the e=+./ty!* .// h+3.n ben1s# In 28D8, the UN %ener./ Asse3b/y.d!pted the /.nd3.r9 C!n"ent!n !n the E/3n.t!n !* .//F!r3s !* $s-r3n.t!n A1.nst ;!3en (CE$A;)# In

288, the UN %ener./ Asse3b/y ./s! .d!pted the$e-/.r.t!n !n the E/3n.t!n !* !/en-e A1.nst ;!3en#;!r/d -!n*eren-es !n the r!/e .nd r1hts !* !3en h."ebeen re1+/.r/y he/d n &e:-! Cty, C!penh.1en, N.r!b.nd Be !* .// *!r3s !*

.b+se .nd "!/en-e .nd 3!re th.n 8> !* these rep!rted-.ses ere -!33tted by the !3ens nt3.te p.rtnerss+-h .s ther h+sb.nds .nd /"e7n p.rtners#D

Re-ent/y, the Ph/ppne C!33ss!n !n ;!3en presented-!3p.r.t"e st.tst-s !n "!/en-e .1.nst !3en .-r!ss .ne1ht7ye.r per!d *r!3 54 t! A+1+st !* 522 th"!/.t!ns +nder R#A# 8565 r.n9n1 *rst .3!n1 the d**erenA; -.te1!res sn-e ts 3p/e3ent.t!n n 54,D4th+s

T.b/e 2# Ann+./ C!3p.r.t"e St.tst-s !n !/en-e A1.nst;!3en, 54 7 522

50 56 5D 5

85D 608 D 22

46 56 55 5

24 20 24D 54

06 5 0 440

5,0 2,85 2,00 2,D

D 46 2

854 2,568 5,D ,088

55 288 25 55

28 58 28

25 8 28 28

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22 26 54 4 205

4 5 5 2 50

0 08 08 D

0,D4 4,2 0,D58 6,80 8,40

522 rep!rt -!"ers !n/y *r!3 .n+.ry t! A+1+st

S!+r-e Ph/ppne N.t!n./ P!/-e J ;!3en .nd Ch/drenPr!te-t!n Center (;CPC)

On the !ther h.nd, n! re/.b/e est3.tes 3.y be !bt.ned

!n d!3est- .b+se .nd "!/en-e .1.nst 3en n thePh/ppnes be-.+se n-dents there!* .re re/.t"e/y /! .nd,perh.ps, be-.+se 3.ny 3en // n!t e"en .tte3pt t! rep!rtthe st+.t!n# In the Unted ?n1d!3, 5> !* !3en h!h.d e"er e:peren-ed d!3est- "!/en-e dd s! *!+r !r *"e(!r 3!re) t3es, -!3p.red th 22> !* the s3.//er n+3ber!* 3en h! h.d e"er e:peren-ed d!3est- "!/en-e@ .nd!3en -!nstt+ted 8> !* .// th!se h! h.d e:peren-ed 4!r 3!re n-dents !* d!3est- "!/en-e#D0 St.tst-s nC.n.d. sh! th.t sp!+s./ "!/en-e by . !3.n .1.nst .3.n s /ess /9e/y t! -.+se n


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pre


37/127

5# depr".t!n !r thre.t !* depr".t!n !**n.n-./ res!+r-es .nd the r1ht t! the +se.nd en

# destr!yn1 h!+seh!/d pr!perty@

4# -!ntr!//n1 the "-t3s !n 3!ney !rpr!pertes !r s!/e/y -!ntr!//n1 the -!n

.+th!red t! ss+e e: p.rte . TPO .*ter r.**/e b+t be*!ren!t-e .nd he.rn1 hen the /*e, /3b !r pr!perty !* the"-t3 s n


38/127

-h/dren *r!3 "!/en-e .nd thre.ts t! ther pers!n./ s.*ety.nd se-+rty#

It sh!+/d be p!nted !+t th.t hen the TPO s ss+ed e:p.rte, the -!+rt sh.// /9ese !rder th.t n!t-e be33ed.te/y 1"en t! the resp!ndent dre-tn1 h3 t! */e .n!pp!st!n thn *"e (0) d.ys *r!3 ser"-e# &!re!"er, the-!+rt sh.// !rder th.t n!t-e, -!pes !* the pett!n .nd TPObe ser"ed 33ed.te/y !n the resp!ndent by the -!+rtsher**s# The TPOs .re nt.//y e**e-t"e *!r thrty () d.ys

*r!3 ser"-e !n the resp!ndent#24

;here n! TPO s ss+ed e: p.rte, the -!+rt // n!nethe/ess!rder the 33ed.te ss+.n-e .nd ser"-e !* the n!t-e+p!n the resp!ndent re=+rn1 h3 t! */e .n !pp!st!n t!the pett!n thn *"e (0) d.ys *r!3 ser"-e# The d.te !* thepre/3n.ry -!n*eren-e .nd he.rn1 !n the 3erts sh.///9ese be nd-.ted !n the n!t-e#20

The !pp!st!n t! the pett!n h-h the resp!ndent h3se/*sh.// "er*y, 3+st be .--!3p.ned by the .**d."ts !*tnesses .nd sh.// sh! -.+se hy . te3p!r.ry !rper3.nent pr!te-t!n !rder sh!+/d n!t be ss+ed#26

It s -/e.r *r!3 the *!re1!n1 r+/es th.t the resp!ndent !* .pett!n *!r pr!te-t!n !rder sh!+/d be .pprsed !* the-h.r1es 3p+ted t! h3 .nd .**!rded .n !pp!rt+nty t!present hs sde# Th+s, the *e.r !* pett!ner !* ben1Gstrpped !* *.3/y, pr!perty, 1+ns, 3!ney, -h/dren,

The !rdn1 !* the pertnent r+/e, h!e"er, d!es n!t by .nystret-h !* the 3.1n.t!n s+11est th.t ths s s!# It st.tes

SEC# 22# Re/e*s ."./.b/e t! the !**ended p.rty# 77 Thepr!te-t!n !rder sh.// n-/+de .ny, s!3e !r .// !* the*!//!n1 re/e*s

: : : :

(-) Re3!"n1 .nd e:-/+dn1 the resp!ndent *r!3 theresden-e !* the !**ended p.rty, re1.rd/ess !* !nershp !*the resden-e, ether te3p!r.r/y *!r the p+rp!se !pr!te-tn1 the !**ended p.rty, !r per3.nent/y here n!pr!perty r1hts .re "!/.ted# I* the resp!ndent 3+st re3!"epers!n./ e**e-ts *r!3 the resden-e, the -!+rt sh.// dre-t ./. en*!r-e3ent .1ent t! .--!3p.ny the resp!ndent t! theresden-e, re3.n there +nt/ the resp!ndent h.s 1.theredhs thn1s .nd es-!rt h3 *r!3 the resden-e@

: : : :

Ind+bt.b/y, pett!ner 3.y be re3!"ed .nd e:-/+ded *r!3pr".te resp!ndents resden-e, re1.rd/ess !* !nershp

!n/y te3p!r.r/y *!r the p+rp!se !* pr!te-tn1 the /.tterS+-h re3!"./ .nd e:-/+s!n 3.y be per3.nent !n/y heren! pr!perty r1hts .re "!/.ted# H! then -.n the pr".teresp!ndent


39/127

Pett!ner -!ntends th.t pr!te-t!n !rders n"!/"e thee:er-se !*

SO OR$ERE$#

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RULE 2D SEC

$IS&ISSAL $UE TO FAULT OF PLAINTIFF

%#R# N!# 040 A+1+st 22, 288

A$ELFO &ACE$A, pett!ner,"s#HON# COURT OF APPEALS AN$ CE&ENT CENTER,INC#, resp!ndents#

harles %. "nastacio for petitioner.

$.!. arpio 5 "ssociates for private respon#ent.

%RIV@O7AUINO, J.

The ss+e r.sed n ths -.se s the

.1.nst h3 !n Apr/ 4, 28D4, n the &+n-p./ C!+rt !* S.n+.n, R./ (C"/ C.se N!# DD)#l1wph60.78t It .sds3ssed !n the p/.nt**s !n 3!t!n#

In N!"e3ber 28D4, Atty# '.p.t. n*!r3ed the pett!ner th.the pr!perty h.d been s!/d t! P.b/! '+br *!r P240,# He.s .s9ed t! ".-.te t# A1.n, he re*+sed# '+br */ed .ne


41/127

the "./+e !* the s+pp!sed ne-ess.ry .nd+se*+/ 3pr!"e3ent .s e// .s thepr!n!+n-e3ent theren re1.rdn1 pr".teresp!ndents r1ht !* retent!n hereby SETASI$E# ;th -!sts .1.nst pett!ner# (p#0, R!//!#)

The re.s!n *!r the C!+rt !* Appe./s den./ !* &.-ed.s-/.3 *!r re3b+rse3ent !* the -!st !* hs 3pr!"e3ents.s th.t the &TC /.-9ed In .ny e"ent, sn-e the +ndert.9n1 !* the -t!r.s t!re3b+rse &.-ed. *!r the P4, !rth !* 3pr!"e3entsh-h he ntr!d+-ed !n ther pr!perty .s n!t re-!rded !nther tt/e, th.t pr!3se dd n!t en-+3ber the pr!perty n!rbnd the p+r-h.ser there!* !r the s+--ess!r7n7nterest !*the -t!r.s (&+n# !* -t!r.s "s# CA, 248 SCRA5)#l1wph60.78t

;h/e t s tr+e th.t +nder B#P# B/1# DD . /essee 3.y n!t bee


42/127

.nd R#A# 664# B.sed !n th!se 1+de/nes, the rent./s d+e*r!3 &.-ed. *r!3 $e-e3ber 4, 282 ere .s *!//!s

;HEREFORE, the pett!n *!r re"e s 1r.nted threspe-t t! the -!3p+t.t!n !* the rent./s d+e *r!3 thepett!ner# He s !rdered t! p.y the +np.d rent./s !P5,64#6 *!r hs !--+p.n-y !* the pr".te resp!ndentspr!perty *r!3 $e-e3ber 282 t! A+1+st 24, 288 p/+sP665#6 3!nth/y there.*ter +nt/ he ".-.tes the pre3sesThe ds3ss./ !* hs -!+nter-/.3 *!r the "./+e !* hs3pr!"e3ents s .**r3ed# N! pr!n!+n-e3ent .s t! -!sts#

SO OR$ERE$#

42


43/127

%#R# N!# 2002D N!"e3ber 5, 54

LAFAR%E CE&ENT PHILIPPINES, INC#, (*!r3er/y L.*.r1ePh/ppnes, In-#), LU'ON CONTINENTAL LAN$CORPORATION, CONTINENTAL OPERATIN%CORPORATION .nd PHILIP ROSEBER%, pett!ners,"s#CONTINENTAL CE&ENT CORPORATION, %RE%ORM T#LI& .nd ANTHONM A# &ARIANO, resp!ndents#

$ E C I S I O N

PAN%ANIBAN, J#

&.y de*end.nts n -"/ -.ses 3p/e.d n ther -!+nter-/.3spers!ns h! ere n!t p.rtes t! the !r1n./ -!3p/.ntsThs s the 3.n =+est!n t! be .nsered n ths-!ntr!"ersy#

The C.se

Be*!re +s s . Pett!n *!r Re"e2 +nder R+/e 40 !* theR+/es !* C!+rt, see9n1 t! n+//*y the &.y 55, 55 5.nd theSepte3ber , 55 Orders !* the Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt(RTC) !* +e!n Cty (Br.n-h ) n C"/ C.se N!# 77422# The de-ret./ p!rt!n !* the *rst .ss./ed Orderre.ds

G;HEREFORE, n the /1ht !* the *!re1!n1 .se.r/er st.ted, the p/.nt**s 3!t!n t! ds3ss-/.3s s 1r.nted# A--!rdn1/y, the de*end.nts-/.3s .1.nst &r# L3 .nd &r# &.r.n! -.pt!ned.s ther -!+nter-/.3s .re ds3ssed#G4

The se-!nd -h.//en1ed Order dened pett!ners &!t!n *!rRe-!nsder.t!n#

The F.-ts

Bre*/y, the !r1ns !* the present -!ntr!"ersy -.n be tr.-edt! the Letter !* Intent (LOI) e:e-+ted by b!th p.rtes !nA+1+st 22, 288, hereby Pett!ner L.*.r1e Ce3entPh/ppnes, In-# (L.*.r1e) 77 !n beh./* !* ts .**/.tes .nd!ther =+./*ed enttes, n-/+dn1 Pett!ner L+!nC!ntnent./ L.nd C!rp!r.t!n (LCLC) 77 .1reed t! p+r-h.sethe -e3ent b+sness !* Resp!ndent C!ntnent./ Ce3entC!rp!r.t!n (CCC)# On O-t!ber 52, 288, b!th p.rtesentered nt! . S./e .nd P+r-h.se A1ree3ent (SPA)# At thet3e !* the *!re1!n1 tr.ns.-t!ns, pett!ners ere e//

..re th.t CCC h.d . -.se pendn1 th the S+pre3eC!+rt# The -.se .s d!-9eted .s %R N!# 228D25, entt/edAsset Pr".t.t!n Tr+st (APT) "# C!+rt !* Appe./s .ndC!ntnent./ Ce3ent C!rp!r.t!n#

In .nt-p.t!n !* the /.b/ty th.t the H1h Trb+n./ 31ht.d


44/127

-!nstt+ted the "ery ss+es *!r res!/+t!n n the nst.ntPett!n#

R+/n1 !* the Tr./ C!+rt

On &.y 55, 55, the Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt !* +e!n Cty(Br.n-h ) ds3ssed pett!ners -!+nter-/.3s *!r se"er./re.s!ns, .3!n1 h-h ere the *!//!n1 .) the-!+nter-/.3s .1.nst Resp!ndents L3 .nd &.r.n! eren!t -!3p+/s!ry@ b) the r+/n1 n S.p+1.y .s n!t.pp/-.b/e@ .nd -) pett!ners Anser th C!+nter-/.3s"!/.ted pr!-ed+r./ r+/es !n the pr!per

A-tn1 !n the &!t!n *!r Re-!nsder.t!n */ed bypett!ners, the tr./ -!+rt 77 n .n A3ended Order d.tedSepte3ber , 55D77 .d3tted s!3e err!rs n ts &.y 55,55 Order, p.rt-+/.r/y n ts pr!n!+n-e3ent th.t ther-!+nter-/.3 h.d been p/e.ded .1.nst L3 .nd &.r.n!!n/y# H!e"er, the RTC -/.r*ed th.t t .s ds3ssn1 the-!+nter-/.3 ns!*.r .s t 3p/e.ded Resp!ndents L3 .nd&.r.n!, e"en * t n-/+ded CCC#

Hen-e ths Pett!n#

Iss+es

In ther &e3!r.nd+3, pett!ners r.se the *!//!n1 ss+es*!r !+r -!nsder.t!n

G. ;hether !r n!t the RTC 1r."e/y erred nre*+sn1 t! r+/e th.t Resp!ndent CCC h.s n!pers!n./ty t! 3!"e t! ds3ss pett!ners-!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3s !n Resp!ndents L3.nd &.r.n!s beh./*#

Gb ;hether !r n!t the RTC 1r."e/y erred n r+/n1th.t () pett!ners -!+nter-/.3s .1.nstResp!ndents L3 .nd &.r.n! .re n!t -!3p+/s!ry@() S.p+1.y "# C!+rt !* Appe./s s n.pp/-.b/ehere@ .nd () pett!ners "!/.ted the r+/e !n

F!r -/.rty .nd -!heren-e, the C!+rt // res!/"e the*!re1!n1 n re"erse !rder#

The C!+rts R+/n1

The Pett!n s 3ert!r!+s#

Frst Iss+e

C!+nter-/.3s .nd !nder !* C.+ses !* A-t!n#

Petitioners9 ounterclaims ompulsory

C!+nter-/.3s .re de*ned n Se-t!n 6 !* R+/e 6 !* theR+/es !* C"/ Pr!-ed+re .s G.ny -/.3 h-h . de*endn1p.rty 3.y h."e .1.nst .n !pp!sn1 p.rty#G They .re1ener.//y .//!ed n !rder t! ."!d . 3+/tp/-ty !* s+ts .nd

t! *.-/t.te the dsp!st!n !* the h!/e -!ntr!"ersy n .sn1/e .-t!n, s+-h th.t the de*end.nts de3.nd 3.y be.d


45/127

p/.nt** h.s n! r1ht t! brn1 t !r t! se-+re the rt#In t.9n1 s+-h b.d *.th .-t!ns, %re1!ry T# L3.s 3!t".ted by hs pers!n./ nterests .s !ne !*the !ners !* p/.nt** h/e Anth!ny A# &.r.n!.s 3!t".ted by hs sense !* pers!n./ /!y./ty t!%re1!ry T# L3, *!r h-h re.s!n he dsre1.rdedthe *.-t th.t p/.nt** s th!+t .ny "./d -.+se#

GC!nse=+ent/y, b!th %re1!ry T# L3 .nd Anth!ny A#&.r.n! .re the p/.nt**s -!7

-!33ss!n !* the .-ts -!3p/.ned !* n ths.nser .nd n the -!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3sp/e.ded be/!# As s+-h they sh!+/d be he/d

n .3!+nts t! be pr!"ed .t tr./, b+t n n! -.se /essth.n P0 3//!n *!r e.-h !* the3 .nd *!r h-hp/.nt** %re1!ry T# L3 .nd Anth!ny A# &.r.n!sh!+/d be he/d

GThe p/.nt**s, %re1!ry T# L3s .nd Anth!ny A#&.r.n!s .-t!ns h."e d.3.1ed the rep+t.t!ns !*the de*end.nts .nd they sh!+/d be he/d

GIn !rder t! ser"e .s .n e:.3p/e *!r the p+b/-1!!d .nd t! deter s3/.r b.se/ess, b.d *.th/t1.t!n, the p/.nt**, %re1!ry T# L3 .nd Anth!nyA# &.r.n! sh!+/d be he/d

The .b!"e .//e1.t!ns sh! th.t pett!ners -!+nter-/.3s*!r d.3.1es ere the res+/t !* resp!ndents (L3 .nd&.r.n!) .-t !* */n1 the C!3p/.nt .nd se-+rn1 the ;rt !*Att.-h3ent n b.d *.th# T+ P! "# B.+tst.2D n"!/"ed thess+e !* hether the -!+nter-/.3 th.t s!+1ht 3!r./, .-t+./.nd e:e3p/.ry d.3.1es .nd .tt!rneys *ees .1.nstresp!ndents !n .--!+nt !* ther G3./-!+s .nd +n*!+ndedG-!3p/.nt .s -!3p+/s!ry# In th.t -.se, e he/d .s *!//!s

GPett!ners -!+nter-/.3 *!r d.3.1es *+/*//s thene-ess.ry re=+stes !* . -!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3#They .re d.3.1es -/.3ed t! h."e been s+**eredby pett!ners .s . -!nse=+en-e !* the .-t!n */ed.1.nst the3# They h."e t! be p/e.ded n the s.3e.-t!n@ !therse, pett!ners !+/d be pre-/+dedby the


46/127

A3!n1 the ss+es r.sed n S.p+1.y .s hetherC.rden.s, h! .s n!t . p.rty t! the !r1n./ .-t!n, 31htne"erthe/ess be 3p/e.ded n the -!+nter-/.3# ;edsp!sed !* ths ss+e .s *!//!s

GA -!+nter-/.3 s de*ned .s .ny -/.3 *!r 3!ney!r !ther re/e* h-h . de*endn1 p.rty 3.y h."e.1.nst .n !pp!sn1 p.rty# H!e"er, the 1ener./r+/e th.t . de*end.nt -.nn!t by . -!+nter-/.3brn1 nt! the .-t!n .ny -/.3 .1.nst pers!ns

!ther th.n the p/.nt** .d3ts !* .n e:-ept!n +nderSe-t!n 24, R+/e 6 h-h pr!"des th.t hen thepresen-e !* p.rtes !ther th.n th!se t! the !r1n./.-t!n s re=+red *!r the 1r.ntn1 !* -!3p/ete re/e*n the deter3n.t!n !* . -!+nter-/.3 !r -r!ss7-/.3, the -!+rt sh.// !rder the3 t! be br!+1ht n.s de*end.nts, *

rendered .1.nst t th!+t ts 9n!/ed1e, 3+-h /essp.rt-p.t!n n the pr!-eedn1s, n b/.t.nt dsre1.rd !r+d3ent.ry d+e pr!-ess re=+re3ents#

The -!rre-t pr!-ed+re n nst.n-es s+-h .s ths s *!r thetr./ -!+rt, per Se-t!n 25 !* R+/e 6 !* the R+/es !* C!+rt, t!G!rder s+-h 3p/e.ded p.rtes t! be br!+1ht n .sde*end.nts, *


47/127

GIt s n!te!rthy th.t C.rden.s dd n!t */e . 3!t!nt! ds3ss the -!+nter-/.3 .1.nst h3 !n the1r!+nd !* /.-9 !* per*!r3.n-e b.sed !n . -!ntr.-t, the -!+nter-/.3 *!rd.3.1es .s b.sed !n the t!rt+!+s .-ts !* resp!ndents# 5

In ts &!t!n t! $s3ss, CCC -tes Se-t!n 0 !* R+/e 5 .ndSe-t!n 6 !* R+/e !* the R+/es !* C"/ Pr!-ed+re, h-he =+!te

GSe-t!n 0# Join#er of causes of action# J A p.rty3.y n !ne p/e.dn1 .ssert, n the ./tern.t"e !r!therse, .s 3.ny -.+ses !* .-t!n .s he 3.yh."e .1.nst .n !pp!sn1 p.rty, s+bSe-t!n 6# Permissive /oin#er of parties# J A/pers!ns n h!3 !r .1.nst h!3 .ny r1ht t!re/e* n respe-t t! !r .rsn1 !+t !* the s.3etr.ns.-t!n !r seres !* tr.ns.-t!ns s .//e1ed t!e:st hether

Se-!nd Iss+e

9s Personality to !ove to Dismiss the ompulsoryounterclaims

Ch.r.-tern1 ther -!+nter-/.3 *!r d.3.1es .1.nsResp!ndents CCC, L3 .nd &.r.n! .s G

G;HEREFORE, t s respe-t*+//y pr.yed th.t .*tetr./ G# Ordern1 the p/.nt**, %re1!ry T# L3 .ndAnth!ny A, &.r.n!

G.# E:e3p/.ry d.3.1es !* P2 3//!n e.-h@

47
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Gb# &!r./ d.3.1es !* P2 3//!n e.-h@ .nd

G-# Att!rneys *ees .nd -!sts !* s+t !* .t /e.st P03//!n e.-h#

Other re/e*s G!ntG !r G

The .3b1+ty n pett!ners -!+nter-/.3s n!tthst.ndn1,resp!ndents /.b/ty, * pr!"en, s s!/d.ry# Ths-h.r.-ter.t!n *nds b.ss n Art-/e 25D !* the C"/ C!de,h-h pr!"des th.t !b/1.t!ns .re 1ener.//y -!nsdered

prn-p/e .s e.r/y .s 2825 n ;!r-ester "# O-.3p!, nh-h e he/d

G: : : The d**-+/ty n the -!ntent!n !* the.ppe//.nts s th.t they *./ t! re-!1ne th.t theb.ss !* the present .-t!n s t!rt# They *./ t!re-!1ne the +n"ers./ d!-trne th.t e.-h

G!nt t!rt *e.s!rs .re

In . G

GA s!/d.ry debt!r 3.y, n .-t!ns */ed by the-redt!r, ."./ tse/* !* .// de*enses h-h .reder"ed *r!3 the n.t+re !* the !b/1.t!n .nd !th!se h-h .re pers!n./ t! h3, !r pert.n t! hs!n sh.re# ;th respe-t t! th!se h-h pers!n.//ybe/!n1 t! the !thers, he 3.y ."./ h3se/* there!!n/y .s re1.rds th.t p.rt !* the debt *!r h-h the/.tter .re resp!nsb/e#G (E3ph.ss s+pp/ed)#

The .-t !* Resp!ndent CCC .s . s!/d.ry debt!r 77 th.t !*

*/n1 . 3!t!n t! ds3ss the -!+nter-/.3 !n 1r!+nds th.tpert.n !n/y t! ts nd"d+./ -!7debt!rs 77 s there*!re.//!ed#

H!e"er, . per+s./ !* ts &!t!n t! $s3ss the-!+nter-/.3s sh!s th.t Resp!ndent CCC */ed t !nbeh./* !* C!7resp!ndents L3 .nd &.r.n!@ t dd n!t pr.yth.t the -!+nter-/.3 .1.nst t be ds3ssed# Be th.t .s t3.y, Resp!ndent CCC -.nn!t be de-/.red n de*.+/t+rspr+den-e te.-hes th.t * the ss+es r.sed n the-!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3 .re s! ntertned th the.//e1.t!ns n the -!3p/.nt, s+-h ss+es .re dee3ed

48
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.+t!3.t-.//y

9s !otion to Dismiss the ounterclaim on &ehalf ofRespon#ents Lim an# !ariano )ot "llowe#

;h/e Resp!ndent CCC -.n 3!"e t! ds3ss the-!+nter-/.3s .1.nst t by r.sn1 1r!+nds th.t pert.n t!nd"d+./ de*end.nts L3 .nd &.r.n!, t -.nn!t */e thes.3e &!t!n !n ther beh./* *!r the s3p/e re.s!n th.t t/.-9s the re=+ste .+th!rty t! d! s!# A -!rp!r.t!n h.s ./e1./ pers!n./ty entre/y sep.r.te .nd dstn-t *r!3 th.t !*ts !**-ers .nd -.nn!t .-t *!r .nd !n ther beh./*, th!+tben1 s! .+th!red# Th+s, +n/ess e:press/y .d!pted by L3.nd &.r.n!, the &!t!n t! $s3ss the -!3p+/s!ry-!+nter-/.3 */ed by Resp!ndent CCC h.s n! *!r-e .nde**e-t .s t! the3#

In s+33.ry, e 3.9e the *!//!n1 pr!n!+n-e3ents

2# The -!+nter-/.3s .1.nst Resp!ndents CCC,

%re1!ry T# L3 .nd Anth!ny A# &.r.n! .re-!3p+/s!ry#

5# The -!+nter-/.3s 3.y pr!per/y 3p/e.dResp!ndents %re1!ry T# L3 .nd Anth!ny A#&.r.n!, e"en * b!th ere n!t p.rtes n the!r1n./ C!3p/.nt#

# Resp!ndent CCC !r .ny !* the three s!/d.rydebt!rs (CCC, L3 !r &.r.n!) 3.y n-/+de, n .&!t!n t! $s3ss, de*enses ."./.b/e t! ther -!7de*end.nts@ ne"erthe/ess, the s.3e &!t!n -.nn!tbe dee3ed t! h."e been */ed !n beh./* !* the s.d

-!7de*end.nts#

4# S+33!ns 3+st be ser"ed !n Resp!ndents L3.nd &.r.n! be*!re the tr./ -!+rt -.n !bt.n


50/127

%#R# N!# D55 A+1+st 8, 2882

&ARITA CABAN%IS .nd RO$OLFO CABAN%IS,pett!ners,"s#HON# COURT OF APPEALS .nd ELIRA $EISNICAN$RO, resp!ndents#

Roberto !. abangis for petitioners.

&ugaring, Tugonon 5 "ssociates Law +ffices for privaterespon#ent.

SAR&IENTO, J.p

In ths pett!n *!r re"e !n certiorari, the pett!ners .ss./the de-s!n 2!* the C!+rt !* Appe./s n CA7%#R# C N!#606 n s! *.r .s t re"ersed .nd set .sde the !rder !* theRe1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt (RTC) !* &.n/., Br.n-h I, ds3ssn1the -!3p/.nt *!r nde3nty !* 3pr!"e3ents th n


51/127

de*end.nts, by "rt+e !* the C!ntr.-t !*E:-h.n1e, entered nt! beteen the1!"ern3ent !* the Cty !* &.n/. .nd theheren pr".te de*end.nts, h! steppednt! the sh!es !* the *!r3er@ 0

::: ::: :::

On $e-e3ber 22, 284, the pett!ners C.b.n1s */ed .3!t!n t! ds3ss the s.d -!3p/.nt *!r nde3nty st.tn1,.3!n1 !thers, th.t the s.d -!3p/.nt s b.rred by thest.t+te !* /3t.t!ns#

On &.r-h 58, 280, the tr./ -!+rt ds3ssed the -!3p/.nt.nd dened N-.ndr!s 3!t!n *!r pre/3n.ry n


52/127

The re/.n-e by the resp!ndent C!+rt !* Appe./s !n Art-/es44 .nd 046 !* the C"/ C!de !* the Ph/ppnes s3sp/.-ed# These pr!"s!ns h."e n! .pp/-.t!n t! .-!ntr.-t !* /e.se h-h s the s+b


53/127

.ppr!pr.te the s.d 3pr!"e3ents# H!e"er, there sn!thn1 n the re-!rds t! nd-.te th.t s+-h -h!-e .s3.de# On the !ther h.nd, there s n! sh!n1 ether th.tthe pr".te resp!ndent 3.n*ested her desre t! re3!"ethese 3pr!"e3ents .bsent .ny p.y3ent !* the re=+rednde3nty# She, !r her de-e.sed *.ther, sh!+/d h."ere3!"ed the 3pr!"e3ents .t the t3e hen the /e.see:pred 24!n +/y 56, 286 20, there ben1 n! tr+e .--ess!n(the 3pr!"e3ents -!nsstn1 !* the h!+se, es-+3br! .ndh!//! b/!-9s, ben1 re3!".b/e th!+t re.//y destr!yn1

the /.nd), !r .t the t3e !* the */n1 !* the +n/.*+/ det.ner-.se h-h .s !n O-t!ber 28, 286# 26

Her *./+re t! d! s!, e r+/e, -!nstt+tes . ."er !r.b.nd!n3ent !* her r1ht !* re3!"./ !* the 3pr!"e3ents#B+t e"en * there .s n! .b.nd!n3ent !r ."er !* her r1ht!* re3!"./, st// she -!+/d n!t /.ter */e . -!3p/.nt *!r thende3nty !* the 3pr!"e3ents be-.+se th.t -.+se !*.-t!n h.d /!n1 pres-rbed, .--r+n1 .s t dd hen thepett!ners e**e-t"e/y .ppr!pr.ted the 3pr!"e3ents henthe /e.se e:pred !n +/y 56, 286, !r e"en hen thee


54/127

%#R# N!# 2D4 Apr/ 28, 52

&ANUEL C# BUN%CAMAO, SR#, represented n ths -.seby hs Att!rney7n7*.-t RO&EL R# BUN%CAMAO, Pett!ner,"s#FORT ILOCAN$IA PROPERTM HOL$IN%S, AN$$EELOP&ENT CORPORATION, Resp!ndent#

$ E C I S I O N

CARPIO, J.

The C.se

Be*!re the C!+rt s . pett!n *!r re"e2.ss./n1 the 52N!"e3ber 50 $e-s!n5!* the C!+rt !* Appe./s n CA7%#R# C N!# 5420#

The Ante-edent F.-ts

&.n+e/ C# B+n1-.y.!, Sr# (pett!ner) -/.3ed t! be !ne !*the t! entreprene+rs h! ntr!d+-ed 3pr!"e3ents !n the*!resh!re .re. !* C./.y.b Be.-h n 28D hen F!rtI/!-.nd. H!te/ st.rted ts -!nstr+-t!n n the .re.#There.*ter, !ther entreprene+rs be1.n settn1 +p ther !nst.//s n the *!resh!re .re.# They /.ter *!r3ed the3se/"esnt! the $Sert! Be.-h Res!rt Oners Ass!-.t!n, In-#

($Sert!)#

In +/y 28, s: p.r-e/s !* /.nd n B.rr! B./.-.d (n!C./.y.d) ere tr.ns*erred, -eded, .nd -!n"eyed t! thePh/ppne T!+rs3 A+th!rty (PTA) p+rs+.nt t! Presdent./$e-ree N!# 2D4# F!rt I/!-.nd. Res!rt H!te/ .s ere-ted!n the .re.# In 2885, pett!ner .nd !ther $Sert! 3e3bers.pp/ed *!r . *!resh!re /e.se th the C!33+ntyEn"r!n3ent .nd N.t+r./ Res!+r-es O**-e (CENRO) .nd.s 1r.nted . pr!"s!n./ per3t# On 2 .n+.ry 55, F!rtI/!-.nd. Pr!perty H!/dn1s .nd $e"e/!p3ent C!rp!r.t!n(resp!ndent) */ed . *!resh!re .pp/-.t!n !"er . 247he-t.re.re. .b+ttn1 the F!rt I/!-.nd. Pr!perty, n-/+dn1 the 07he-t.re p!rt!n .pp/ed *!r by $Sert! 3e3bers# The

*!resh!re .pp/-.t!ns be-.3e the s+b


55/127

The tr./ -!+rt rendered . S+33.ry +d13ent8 d.ted 2Febr+.ry 54#

The $e-s!n !* the Tr./ C!+rt

The tr./ -!+rt r+/ed th.t the !n/y ss+e r.sed by pett!ner.s hs -/.3 *!r d.3.1es h/e resp!ndents ss+e .s!n/y hs -/.3 *!r p!ssess!n !* the pr!perty !--+ped bypett!ner .nd d.3.1es# The tr./ -!+rt n!ted th.t thep.rtes ./re.dy stp+/.ted !n the ss+es .nd .d3ss!ns h.dbeen 3.de by b!th p.rtes# The tr./ -!+rt r+/ed th.ts+33.ry


56/127

(b) ;!+/d res /u#icatab.r . s+bse=+ent s+t !nde*end.nts -/.3, .bsent the -!3p+/s!ry r+/e

(-) ;// s+bst.nt.//y the s.3e e"den-e s+pp!rt !rre*+te p/.nt**s -/.3 .s e// .s de*end.nts-!+nter-/.3

(d) Is there .ny /!1-./ re/.t!ns beteen the -/.3.nd the -!+nter-/.3

A p!st"e .nser t! .// *!+r =+est!ns !+/d nd-.te th.tthe -!+nter-/.3 s -!3p+/s!ry#2

In ths -.se, the !n/y ss+e n the -!3p/.nt s hether&.n+e/, r# s .+th!red t! s1n the $eed !* Ass1n3ent,Re/e.se, ;."er .nd +t-/.3 n *."!r !* resp!ndentth!+t pett!ners e:press .ppr!"./ .nd .+th!rty# In .nOrder d.ted 6 N!"e3ber 5, the tr./ -!+rt -!n*r3ed the.1ree3ent !* the p.rtes t! -.n-e/ the $eed !* Ass1n3ent,Re/e.se, ;."er .nd +t-/.3 .nd the ret+rn !* P4,t! resp!ndent# The !n/y -/.3 th.t re3.ned .s the -/.3*!r d.3.1es .1.nst resp!ndent# The tr./ -!+rt res!/"edths ss+e by h!/dn1 th.t .ny d.3.1e s+**ered by &.n+e/,

r# .s pers!n./ t! h3# The tr./ -!+rt r+/ed th.t pett!ner-!+/d n!t h."e s+**ered .ny d.3.1e e"en * &.n+e/, r#entered nt! .n .1ree3ent th resp!ndent sn-e the.1ree3ent .s n+// .nd "!d#

Resp!ndent */ed three -!+nter-/.3s# The *rst .s *!rre-!"ery !* the P4, 1"en t! &.n+e/, r#@ the se-!nd.s *!r re-!"ery !* p!ssess!n !* the s+b


57/127

%#R# N!# L75540 &.r-h 2, 286

CONSUELO # CALO, d!n1 b+sness +nder the tr.de

n.3e CC L+3ber Ind+stres, .sssted by &ARCOS CALO, p/.nt**s7.ppe//.nts,"s#AA INTERNATIONAL, INCORPORATE$, de*end.nt7.ppe//ee#

Tran(uilino +. alo, Jr. for plaintiffsappellants.%ergio P. 2illareal for #efen#antappellee.

BEN%'ON, #P#, J.

S!3et3e !n &.y D, 2808, p/.nt**7.ppe//.nt C./!!rdered *r!3 de*end.nt7.ppe//ee A


58/127

%#R# N!# L7508 .n+.ry , 28D

RAFAEL 'ULUETA, ET AL#, p/.nt**s7.ppe//ees,

"s#PAN A&ERICAN ;ORL$ AIR;AMS, INC#, de*end.nt7.ppe//.nt#

"lfre#o L. &enipayo for plaintiffsappellee Rafael >uluetaan# arolina >ulueta.

Justo L. "lbert for plaintiffappellee Telly "lbert >ulueta.

2.-. #el Rosario an# "ssociates an# %alce#o, Del Rosario,&ito, !isa an# Lo'a#a for #efen#antappellant.

R E S O L U T I O N

CONCEPCION, .J.

B!th p.rtes n ths -.se h."e 3!"ed *!r there-!nsder.t!n !* the de-s!n !* ths C!+rt pr!3+/1.ted !nFebr+.ry 58, 28D5# P/.nt**s 3.nt.n th.t the de-s!n.ppe./ed *r!3 sh!+/d be .**r3ed in toto# The de*end.nt, nt+rn, pr.ys th.t the de-s!n !* ths C!+rt be Gset .sde ###th !r th!+t . ne tr./, ### .nd th.t the -!3p/.nt beds3ssed, th -!sts@ !r, n the ./tern.t"e, th.t the .3!+nt!* the ..rd e3b!ded theren be -!nsder.b/y red+-ed#G #

S+bse=+ent/y t! the */n1 !* ts 3!t!n *!r re-!nsder.t!n,the de*end.nt */ed . Gpett!n t! .nn+/ pr!-eedn1s .nd!rt! !rder the ds3ss./ !* p/.nt**s7.ppe//ees -!3p/.ntG+p!n the 1r!+nd th.t G.ppe//ees -!3p/.nt .-t+.//y see9sthe re-!"ery !* !n/y P0,05#0 .s .-t+./ d.3.1es,be-.+se, *!r the p+rp!se !* deter3nn1 the


59/127

C!# "s# Spp#, 22 Fed# 5d4D4@ A3er-.nSheet X Tn P/.te C!# "s# ;ne/er $#C#,55D Fed# 52, 54@ Br: "s# Pe!p/es&+t+./ L*e Ins# C!#, 42 P# 5d# 0D, 5 C./#5d# 446@ E3ery "s# P.-*- E3p/!yees Ins#C!#, 6D P# 5d# 246, C./# 5d# 66)#

Need/ess t! s.y, h."n1 n!t !n/y *./ed t! =+est!n the


60/127

he.t !* the ./ter-.t!n, n!b!dy h.d n=+red .b!+t the-.+se !* &r# '+/+et.s de/.y n ret+rnn1 t! the p/.ne, .p.rt*r!3 the *.-t th.t t .s r.ther e3b.rr.ssn1 *!r h3 t!e:p/.n, n the presen-e .nd thn the he.rn1 !* thep.ssen1ers .nd the -re, then .sse3b/ed .r!+nd the3,hy he h.d 1!ne t! the be.-h .nd hy t h.d t.9en h3s!3e t3e t! .nser there . -.// !* n.t+re, nste.d !* d!n1s! n the ter3n./ b+/dn1#

$e*end.nts 3!t!n *!r re-!nsder.t!n .ss./s (2) the

.3!+nt !* d.3.1es ..rded .s e:-ess"e@ (5) thepr!prety !* .--eptn1 .s -redb/e p/.nt**s the!ry@ ()p/.nt**s r1ht t! re-!"er ether 3!r./ !r e:e3p/.ryd.3.1es@ (4) p/.nt**s r1ht t! re-!"er .tt!rneys *ees@ .nd(0) the n!n7en*!r-e3ent !* the -!3pr!3se .1ree3entbeteen the de*end.nt .nd p/.nt**s *e, &rs# '+/+et.#Up!n the !ther h.nd, p/.nt**s 3!t!n *!r re-!nsder.t!n-!ntests the de-s!n !* ths C!+rt red+-n1 the .3!+nt !*d.3.1es ..rded by the tr./ -!+rt t! .ppr!:3.te/y !ne7h./* there!*, +p!n the 1r!+nd, n!t !n/y th.t, -!ntr.ry t! the*ndn1s !* ths C!+rt, n s.d de-s!n, p/.nt** h.d n!t-!ntrb+ted t! the .11r.".t!n !* hs ./ter-.t!n !r n-dentth C.pt# 'entner by re.-tn1 t! hs pr!"!-.t!n the:tre3e be//1eren-y thereby .//!n1 h3se/* t! be

dr.11ed d!n t! the /e"e/ !n h-h s.d .1ent !* thede*end.nt h.d p/.-ed h3se/*, b+t, ./s!, be-.+se thep+r-h.sn1 p!er !* !+r /!-./ -+rren-y s n! 3+-h /!erth.n hen the tr./ -!+rt rendered ts .ppe./ed de-s!n,!"er *"e (0) ye.rs .1!, !n +/y 0, 286D, h-h s .n+nden.b/e .nd +ndsp+ted *.-t# Pre-se/y, *!r ths re.s!n,de*end.nts -h.r.-ter.t!n .s e:!rbt.nt !* the .11re1.te..rd !* !"er PD, by .y !* d.3.1es, .p.rt *r!3.tt!rneys *ees n the s+3 !* PD0,, s +nten.b/e# Indeed,s.d ..rd s n! b.re/y e=+"./ent t! .r!+nd 2, U#S# d!//.rs#

It *+rther s+pp!rt !* ts -!ntent!n, de*end.nt -tes thed.3.1es ..rded n pre"!+s -.ses t! p.ssen1ers !*.r/nes, .s e// .s n se"er./ -r3n./ -.ses, .nd s!3e-.ses *!r /be/ .nd s/.nder# N!ne !* these -.ses s,h!e"er, n p!nt# S.d -.ses .1.nst .r/nes re*erred t!p.ssen1ers h! ere 3ere/y -!nstr.ned t! t.9e . touristclass accommo#ation, despte the *.-t th.t they h.d *rst-/.ss t-9ets, .nd th.t ./th!+1h, n !ne !* s+-h -.ses, there.s pr!!* th.t the .r/ne n"!/"ed h.d .-ted .s t dd t! 1"epre*eren-e t! . GhteG p.ssen1er, ths 3!t"e .s n!tds-/!sed +nt/ the tr./ n -!+rt# In the -.se .t b.r, p/.nt**R.*.e/ '+/+et. .s G!**7/!.dedG .t ;.9e Is/.nd, *!r h."n1d.red t! ret!rt t! de*end.nts .1ent n . t!ne .nd 3.nner3.t-hn1, * n!t be*ttn1 hs nte3per.te /.n1+.1e .nd.rr!1.nt .ttt+de# As . -!nse=+en-e, C.pt# 'entners

.tte3pt t! h+3/.te R.*.e/ '+/+et. h.d b!!3er.n1ed.1.nst h3 ('entner), n the presen-e !* the !therp.ssen1ers .nd the -re# It .s, ./s!, n ther presen-eth.t de*end.nts .1ent h.d re*erred t! the p/.nt**s .sG3!n9eys,G . r.-./ ns+/t n!t 3.de !pen/y .nd p+b/-/y nthe .b!"e3ent!ned pre"!+s -.ses .1.nst .r/nes#

In !ther !rds, &r# '+/+et. .s !**7/!.ded, not t! pr!te-tthe safety!* the .r-r.*t .nd ts p.ssen1ers, b+t t! ret./.te.nd punishh3 *!r the e3b.rr.ss3ent .nd /!ss !* *.-eth+s s+**ered by de*end.nts .1ent# Ths "nd-t"e 3!t"e s3.de 3!re 3.n*est by the n!te de/"ered t! &r# '+/+et. by

de*end.nts .rp!rt 3.n.1er .t ;.9e Is/.nd, &r# Stt!nst.tn1 th.t the *!r3ers st.y theren !+/d be G*!r .minimum!* !ne ee9,G d+rn1 h-h he !+/d be -h.r1edW2# per d.y# Ths re*eren-e t! . G3n3+3 !* !ne ee9Gre"e./ed the ntent!n t! 9eep h3 there str.nded th.t /!n1*!r n! !ther p/.ne, he.ded *!r &.n/., .s e:pe-ted thns.d per!d !* t3e, ./th!+1h &r# '+/+et. 3.n.1ed t! b!.rdd.ys /.ter, . p/.ne th.t br!+1ht h3 t! H.., hen-e he*/e b.-9 t! the Ph/ppnes, ". .p.n#

Nether 3.y -r3n./ -.ses, n!r the -.ses *!r /be/ .nds/.nder -ted n the de*end.nts 3!t!n *!r re-!nsder.t!nbe e=+.ted th the present -.se# Indeed, n !rdn.ry-r3n./ -.ses, the ..rd *!r d.3.1es s, n .-t+./ pr.-t-e,!* p+re/y .-.de3- "./+e, *!r the -!n"-ts 1ener.//y be/!n1t! the p!!rest -/.ss !* s!-ety# There s, 3!re!"er, .*+nd.3ent./ d**eren-e beteen s.d -.ses .nd the !ne .tb.r# The '+/+et.s h.d . -!ntr.-t !* -.rr.1e th thede*end.nt, .s . -!33!n -.rrer, p+rs+.nt t! h-h the/.tter .s b!+nd, for a substantial monetary consi#erationp.d by the *!r3er, n!t 3ere/y t! tr.nsp!rt the3 t! &.n/.b+t, ./s!, t! d! s! th Ge:tr.!rdn.ry d/1en-eG !r G+t3!sd/1en-e#G8The resp!nsb/ty !* the -!33!n -.rrer, +nders.d -!ntr.-t, .s re1.rds the p.ssen1ers s.*ety, s !* s+-h

. n.t+re, .**e-tn1 .s t d!es p+b/- nterest, th.t t G-.nn!tbe #ispense# withG !r e"en Glessene#by stp+/.t!n, by thep!stn1 !* n!t-es, by st.te3ents !n t-9ets, !r !therse#G2 In the present -.se, the de*end.nt dd n!t !n/y fail t!-!3p/y th ts !b/1.t!n t! tr.nsp!rt &r# '+/+et. t! &.n/.b+t, ./s!, .-ted n . 3.nner calculate#t! h+3/.te h3, t!-h.stse h3, t! 3.9e h3 s+**er, t! -.+se t! h3 the1re.test p!ssb/e n-!n"enen-e, by /e."n1 h3 n .des!/.te s/.nd, n the e:pe-t.t!n th.t he !+/d bestr.nded there *!r . G3n3+3 !* !ne ee9G .nd, n .ddt!ntheret!, -h.r1ed there*!r W2# . d.y#

It s +r1ed by the de*end.nt th.t e:e3p/.ry d.3.1es .ren!t re-!"er.b/e n =+.s7de/-ts, p+rs+.nt t! Art-/e 552 !*!+r C"/ C!de, e:-ept hen the de*end.nt h.s .-ted thG1r!ss ne1/1en-e,G .nd th.t there s n! spe-*- *ndn1 th.tt h.d s! .-ted# It s !b"!+s, h!e"er, th.t n !**7/!.dn1p/.nt** .t ;.9e Is/.nd, +nder the -r-+3st.n-es heret!*!re.d"erted t!, de*end.nts .1ents h.d .-ted th 3./-e.*!reth!+1ht .nd e"dent b.d *.th# I* G1r!ss ne1/1en-eG.rr.nts the ..rd !* e:e3p/.ry d.3.1es, th 3!rere.s!n s ts 3p!st!n


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O9n.., t! tr.ns*er, !"er hs !bART# 52# The !b/1.t!n 3p!sed byArt-/e 52D6 s de3.nd.b/e n!t !n/y *!r

!nes !n .-ts !r !3ss!ns, b+t ./s! *!rth!se !* pers!ns *!r h!3 !ne sresp!nsb/e#

::: ::: :::

L.st/y, te.-hers !r he.ds !* est.b/sh3ents !* .rts .nd tr.des sh.// be/.b/e *!r d.3.1es -.+sed by ther p+p/s.nd st+dents !r .pprent-es, s! /!n1 .sthey re3.n n ther -+st!dy#

::: ::: :::

Ob"!+s/y, the .3!+nt !* d.3.1es .rded n the P./s!--.se s n!t .nd -.nn!t ser"e .s the 3e.s+re !* thed.3.1es re-!"er.b/e n the present -.se, the /.tter h."n1been -.+sed #irectly .nd intentionallyby .n e3p/!yee !r.1ent !* the de*end.nt, here.s the st+dent h! 9//ed they!+n1 P./s!- .s n n! se .n .1ent !* the s-h!!/#&!re!"er, +p!n her .rr"./ n the Ph/ppnes, &rs# '+/+et.rep!rted her h+sb.nds pred-.3ent t! de*end.nts /!-./3.n.1er .nd .s9ed h3 t! *!rthth h."e h3 (&r# '+/+et.)br!+1ht t! &.n/., h-h de*end.nts .*!re3ent!ned

3.n.1er re*+sed t! d!, thereby 3p/ed/y r.t*yn1 the !**7/!.dn1 !* &r# '+/+et. .t ;.9e Is/.nd#

It s ne:t +r1ed th.t, +nder the -!ntr.-t !* -.rr.1e th thede*end.nt, &r# '+/+et. .s b!+nd t! be present .t the t3es-hed+/ed *!r the dep.rt+re !* de*end.nts p/.ne .nd th.the h.d, -!nse=+ent/y, "!/.ted s.d -!ntr.-t hen he ddn!t sh! +p .t s+-h t3e# Ths .r1+3ent 31ht h."e h.ds!3e e1ht h.d de*end.nts p/.ne t.9en !** before &r'+/+et. h.d sh!n +p# B+t the *.-t s th.t he .s re.dy,

//n1 .nd .b/e t! b!.rd the p/.ne .b!+t t! h!+rs before.-t+.//y t!!9 !**, .nd th.t he .s de/ber.te/y .nd3./-!+s/y !**7/!.ded !n .--!+nt !* hs ./ter-.t!n thC.pt# 'entner# It sh!+/d, ./s!, be n!ted th.t, ./th!+1h &r'+/+et. .s de/.yed s!3e 5 t! 3n+tes, the .rr"./ !rdep.rt+re !* p/.nes s !*ten de/.yed *!r 3+-h /!n1eper!ds !* t3e# F!//!ed t! ts /!1-./ -!n-/+s!n, the.r1+3ent .dd+-ed by the de*ense s+11ests th.t .r/nessh!+/d be he/d /.b/e *!r d.3.1es d+e t! the n-!n"enen-e.nd .n:ety, .sde *r!3 .-t+./ d.3.1es, s+**ered by 3.nyp.ssen1ers ether n ther h.ste t! .rr"e .t the .rp!rt !ns-hed+/ed t3e


62/127

s.y th.t the =+.ntty .nd =+./ty !* the ser"-es rendered byp/.nt**s -!+nse/ .ppe.rn1 !n re-!rd, .p.rt *r!3 then.t+re !* the -.se .nd the .3!+nt n"!/"ed theren, .s e//.s hs prest1e .s !ne !* the 3!st dstn1+shed 3e3bers!* the /e1./ pr!*ess!n n the Ph/ppnes, !* h-h

PANA& 3.nt.ns th.t the d.3.1es n"!/"ed n the -.se .b.r .re n!t .3!n1 th!se *!r3n1 p.rt !* the -!n


63/127

-!33!n pr!perty !r *r!3 the e:-/+s"epr!perty !* e.-h sp!+se#

C!nsdern1 th.t the d.3.1es n =+est!n h."e .rsen *r!3,inter alia, . bre.-h !* p/.nt**s -!ntr.-t !* -.rr.1e th thede*end.nt, *!r h-h p/.nt**s p.d ther *.re th *+ndspres+3.b/y be/!n1n1 t! the -!n


64/127

t! the -!n


65/127

%#R# N!# L746 &.r-h 2, 280

%LICERIO A%USTIN ($e-e.sed) .s Ad3nstr.t!r !* theIntest.te Est.te !* S+s.n. A1+stn, pett!ner7p/.nt**7.ppe//.nt,"s#LAUREANO BACALAN .nd the PROINCIAL SHERIFFOF CEBU, resp!ndents7de*end.nts7.ppe//ees#

%UTIERRE', R#, J.

The pre-+rs!r !* ths -.se .s . -!3p/.nt *!r e


66/127

P0,# .s e:e3p/.ryd.3.1es

P2,# .s .tt!rneys*ees

h-h s -/e.r/y bey!nd the


67/127

the /e1./ 3e.s+re !* d.3.1es ben1 the *.r rent./ "./+e !*the pr!perty#

P/.nt**7.ppe//.nt /!ses s1ht !* the *.-t th.t the 3!ney


68/127

the n+//ty !* the ..rd .s br!+1ht by the p/.nt**7.ppe//.ntbe*!re the C!+rt !* Frst Inst.n-e !* Ceb+, Br.n-h s .pr!per re3edy#

The n+//ty !* s+-h p!rt!n !* the de-s!n n =+est!n,h!e"er, s n!t s+-h .s t! .**e-t the -!n-/+s!ns re.-hedby the -!+rt n the 3.n -.se *!r e


69/127

%#R# N!# 2D04 +ne , 56

E$%AR$O PIN%A, Pett!ner,

"s#THE HEIRS OF %ER&AN, SANTIA%O represented byFERNAN$O SANTIA%O, Resp!ndents#

$ E C I S I O N

TIN%A, J.

The -!nstt+t!n./ *.-+/ty !* the C!+rt t! pr!3+/1.te r+/es !*pr.-t-e .nd pr!-ed+re2 ne-ess.r/y -.rres the p!er t!!"ert+rn


70/127

;e h!/d th.t +nder Se-t!n , R+/e 2D !* the 288D R+/es !*C"/ Pr!-ed+re, the ds3ss./ !* the -!3p/.nt d+e t! the*.+/t !* p/.nt** d!es n!t ne-ess.r/y -.rry th t theds3ss./ !* the -!+nter-/.3, -!3p+/s!ry !r !therse# In*.-t, the ds3ss./ !* the -!3p/.nt s th!+t pre


71/127

".+nted -!33ent.res !* Che* +st-e &!r.n, re3.r9n1!n Se-t!n 5, R+/e 2D, n!ted th.t Gthere .re nst.n-es nh-h . -!+nter-/.3 -.nn!t re3.n pendn1 *!rndependent .d


72/127

Then n 288, . d"ded C!+rt r+/ed n &" $inanceth.t theds3ss./ !* the -!3p/.nt *!r n!n.ppe.r.n-e !* p/.nt** .tthe pre7tr./, +p!n 3!t!n !* the de*end.nts, -.rred th tthe ds3ss./ !* ther -!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3#4DThe C!+rtreter.ted the r+/e th.t G. -!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3 -.nn!tre3.n pendn1 *!r ndependent .dthess# &" $inance/9ese .d"sed th.t the pr!per re3edy*!r de*end.nts desr!+s th.t ther -!+nter-/.3s n!t beds3ssed ./!n1 th the 3.n -!3p/.nt .s *!r the3 t!3!"e t! de-/.re the p/.nt**s t! be Gn!n7s+tedG !n ther-!3p/.nt .nd G.s n de*.+/tG !n ther -!3p+/s!ry-!+nter-/.3, nste.d !* 3!"n1 *!r the ds3ss./ !* the-!3p/.nt#48

+st-e Re1./.d!,

-!3p/.nt h.d ./re.dy be-!3e *n./# They ds.1reedh!e"er th.t the -!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3 .s ne-ess.r/yds3ssed ./!n1 th the 3.n -!3p/.nt, p!ntn1 !+t th.t .st+.t!n heren the ds3ss./ !* the -!3p/.nt .s!--.s!ned by p/.nt**s *./+re t! .ppe.r d+rn1 pre7tr./.s 1!"erned +nder Se-t!n , R+/e 2D, .nd n!t Se-t!n 5!* the s.3e r+/e# +st-e Re1./.d!, h! r!n-.//y pennedthe de-s!n n !etals -ted by the 3.

T+rnn1 b.-9 t! R+/e 2D, t s re.d/y .pp.rent th.t Se-t!ns5 .nd there!* en"s.1e d**erent *.-t+./ .nd .d+st-e Re1./.d! then pr!p!sed th.t .*ter the !rds

G+p!n the -!+rts !n 3!t!nG n the 6th /ne !* the dr.*t nSe-# !* R+/e 2D, the *!//!n1 pr!"s!n be nsertedGth!+t pre


73/127

+st-e Re1./.d! !pned th.t there s n! need !* 3.9n1 .-/.r*-.t!n be-.+se t s ./re.dy +nderst!!d th.t t -!"ersb!th -!+nter-/.3s#05

It s .pp.rent *r!3 these 3n+tes th.t the s+r""./ !* the-!+nter-/.3 despte the ds3ss./ !* the -!3p/.nt +nderSe-t!n st!!d rrespe-t"e !* hether the -!+nter-/.3.s per3ss"e !r -!3p+/s!ry# &!re!"er, hen the C!+rttse/* .ppr!"ed the re"s!ns n! -!nt.ned n the 288DR+/es !* C"/ Pr!-ed+re, n!t !n/y dd +st-e Re1./.d!s

.3end3ent t! Se-t!n , R+/e 2D re3.n nt.-t, b+t the*n./ "ers!n /9ese e/3n.ted the =+./*-.t!n *!r3er/y!**ered +nder Se-t!n 5 !n G-!+nter-/.3s th.t -.n re3.npendn1 *!r ndependent .d


74/127

pr!te-t!n !* the de*end.nts r1ht t! pr!se-+te the-!+nter-/.3 .s ndeed +n=+./*ed# In ity of !anila,de-ded n 282, the C!+rt e:p/.ned

By p.r.1r.ph 2 !* Se-t!n 25D, t // be seen th.t, herethe de*end.nt h.s nterp!sed . -!+nter-/.3, !r s see9n1.**r3.t"e re/e* by . -r!ss7-!3p/.nt, th.t then, .nd n th.t-.se, the p/.nt** -.nn!t ds3ss the .-t!n s! .s t! .**e-tthe r1ht !* the de*end.nt n hs -!+nter-/.3 !r pr.yer *!r.**r3.t"e re/e*# The re.s!n *!r th.t e:-ept!n s -/e.r#

;hen the .nser sets +p .n ndependent .-t!n .1.nstthe p/.nt**, t then be-!3es .n .-t!n by the de*end.nt.1.nst the p/.nt**, .nd, !* -!+rse, the p/.nt** h.s n! r1htt! .s9 *!r . ds3ss./ !* the #efen#ants.-t!n#6

N!nethe/ess, . ne r+/e .s ntr!d+-ed hen A-t N!# 28.s rep/.-ed by the 284 R+/es !* C!+rt# Se-t!n 5, R+/e !* the 284 R+/es spe-*ed th.t * . -!+nter-/.3 sp/e.ded by . de*end.nt pr!r t! the ser"-e !* the p/.nt**s3!t!n t! ds3ss, the .-t!n sh.// n!t be ds3ssed .1.nstthe de*end.nts !b


75/127

seres !* tr.ns.-t!ns, the -!+nter-/.3 -!+/d h."e "erye// been /!d1ed .s . -!3p/.nt h.d the de*end.nt */ed the.-t!n .he.d !* the -!3p/.n.nt#68The ter3s G.n-//.ryG !rG.+:/.ryG 3.y 3s/e.d n s1n*yn1 th.t . -!3p/.ntnn.te/y p!ssesses 3!re -reden-e th.n . -!+nter-/.3, yetthere .re 3.ny nst.n-es heren the -!3p/.nt s tr"./ b+tthe -!+nter-/.3 s 3ert!r!+s# In tr+th, the n!t!n th.t .-!+nter-/.3 s, !r better st//, .ppe.rs t! be 3ere/yG.n-//.ryG !r G.+:/.ryG s -he*/y the !**sh!!t !* .n .--dent!* -hr!n!/!1y, 3!re th.n .nythn1 e/se#

The *!r3./st- dstn-t!n beteen . -!3p/.nt .nd .-!+nter-/.3 d!es n!t detr.-t *r!3 the *.-t th.t b!th !*the3 e3b!dy -.+ses !* .-t!n th.t h."e n ther end the"nd-.t!n !* r1hts# ;h/e the dstn-t!n s ne-ess.ry .s .3e.ns t! *.-/t.te !rder .nd -/.rty n the r+/es !*pr!-ed+re, t sh!+/d be re3e3bered th.t the pr3!rd./p+rp!se !* pr!-ed+r./ r+/es s t! pr!"de the 3e.ns *!r the"nd-.t!n !* r1hts# A p.rty th . "./d -.+se !* .-t!n.1.nst .n!ther p.rty -.nn!t be dened the r1ht t! re/e*s3p/y be-.+se the !pp!sn1 sde h.d the 1!!d *!rt+ne !**/n1 the -.se *rst# Met ths n e**e-t .s h.t h.dh.ppened +nder the pre"!+s pr!-ed+r./ r+/e .nd-!rresp!ndent d!-trne, h-h +nder ther *n./ per3+t.t!n,

pres-rbed the .+t!3.t- ds3ss./ !* the -!3p+/s!ry-!+nter-/.3 +p!n the ds3ss./ !* the -!3p/.nt, hether+p!n the nt.t"e !* the p/.nt** !r !* the de*end.nt#

Th+s, the present r+/e e3b!ded n Se-t!ns 5 .nd !*R+/e 2D !rd.ns . 3!re e=+t.b/e dsp!st!n !* the-!+nter-/.3s by ens+rn1 th.t .ny


76/127

%#R# N!# 2228 A+1+st 2D, 5

FINANCIAL BUIL$IN% CORPORATION, pett!ner,

"s#FORBES PAR? ASSOCIATION, INC#, resp!ndent#

$ E C I S I O N

$E LEON, R#, J.

Be*!re +s s pett!n *!r re"e !n certiorari!* the $e-s!n2

d.ted &.r-h 5, 288 !* the C!+rt !* Appe./s 5 n CA7%RC N!# 4284 entt/ed GF!rbes P.r9 Ass!-.t!n, In-# "s#Fn.n-./ B+/dn1 C!rp!r.t!nG, *ndn1 Fn.n-./ B+/dn1C!rp!r.t!n (here.*ter, Fn.n-./ B+/dn1) /.b/e *!rd.3.1es n *."!r !* F!rbes P.r9 Ass!-.t!n, In-#

(here.*ter, F!rbes P.r9), *!r "!/.tn1 the /.tters deed !*restr-t!ns !n the -!nstr+-t!n !* b+/dn1s thn theF!rbes P.r9 //.1e, &.9.t#

The pertnent *.-ts .re .s *!//!s

The then Un!n !* S!"et S!-./st Rep+b/- (here.*ter,USSR) .s the !ner !* . 4,55 s=+.re 3eter resdent.//!t /!-.ted .t N!# 2, N.rr. P/.-e, F!rbes P.r9 //.1e n&.9.t Cty# On $e-e3ber 5, 280, the USSR en1.1ed theser"-es !* Fn.n-./ B+/dn1 *!r the -!nstr+-t!n !* . 3+/t7/e"e/ !**-e .nd st.** .p.rt3ent b+/dn1 .t the s.d /!t,h-h !+/d be +sed by the Tr.de Represent.t"e !* the

USSR#

$+e t! the USSRs represent.t!n th.t t !+/d beb+/dn1 . resden-e *!r ts Tr.de Represent.t"e, F!rbesP.r9 .+th!red ts -!nstr+-t!n .nd !r9 be1.n sh!rt/ythere.*ter#

On +ne , 286, F!rbes P.r9 re3nded the USSR !*e:stn1 re1+/.t!ns4.+th!rn1 !n/y the -!nstr+-t!n !* .sn1/e7*.3/y resdent./ b+/dn1 n e.-h /!t thn the"//.1e# It ./s! e/-ted . re.ss+r.n-e *r!3 the USSR th.ts+-h restr-t!n h.s been -!3p/ed th#0 Pr!3pt/y, theUSSR 1."e ts .ss+r.n-e th.t t h.s been -!3p/yn1 th.// re1+/.t!ns !* F!rbes P.r9#6 $espte ths, Fn.n-./B+/dn1 s+b3tted t! the &.9.t Cty %!"ern3ent . se-!ndb+/dn1 p/.n *!r the -!nstr+-t!n !* . 3+/t7/e"e/ .p.rt3ent

b+/dn1, h-h .s d**erent *r!3 the *rst p/.n *!r the-!nstr+-t!n !* . resdent./ b+/dn1 s+b3tted t! F!rbesP.r9#

F!rbes P.r9 ds-!"ered the se-!nd p/.n .nd s+bse=+ent!-+/.r nspe-t!n !* the USSRs s+b

On Apr/ 5, 28D, the tr./ -!+rt ss+ed . rt !* pre/3n.ryn


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d.ted &.r-h 5, 288, the dsp!st"e p!rt!n !* h-hre.ds

G;HEREFORE, the $e-s!n d.ted Septe3ber 56, 2884 !*the Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt !* &.9.t s AFFIR&E$ th the3!d*-.t!n th.t the ..rd !* e:e3p/.ry d.3.1es, .s e//.s .tt!rneys *ees, s red+-ed t! **ty th!+s.nd pes!s(P0,#) e.-h#G

Hen-e, ths pett!n, heren Fn.n-./ B+/dn1 .ss1ns the*!//!n1 err!rs

I# GTHE COURT OF APPEALS %RAELM ERRE$IN NOT $IS&ISSIN% THE CO&PLAINT FILE$ BMRESPON$ENT FPA $ESPITE THE FACT THATITS ALLE%E$ CLAI&S AN$ CAUSES OFACTION THEREIN ARE BARRE$ BM PRIORU$%&ENT AN$OR ARE $EE&E$ ;AIE$FOR ITS FAILURE TO INTERPOSE THE SA&EAS CO&PULSORM COUNTERCLAI&S IN CIILCASE NO# 2604@

II# THE COURT OF APPEALS %RAELM ERRE$

IN NOT $IS&ISSIN% THE CO&PLAINT FILE$ BMRESPON$ENT FPA A%AINST PETITIONER FBCSINCE RESPON$ENT FPA HAS NO CAUSE OFACTION A%AINST PETITIONER FBC@

III# THE COURT OF APPEALS %RAELM ERRE$IN A;AR$IN% $A&A%ES IN FAOR OFRESPON$ENT FPA $ESPITE THE FACT THATON THE BASIS OF THE EI$ENCE ONRECOR$, RESPON$ENT FPA IS NOT ENTITLE$THERETO AN$ PETITIONER FBC IS NOTLIABLE THEREFOR@

I# THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRE$ INOR$ERIN% THE $E&OLITION OF THE ILLE%ALSTRUCTURES LOCATE$ AT NO# 2 NARRAPLACE, FORBES PAR?, &A?ATI CITM,CONSI$ERIN% THAT THE SA&E ARE LOCATE$ON $IPLO&ATIC PRE&ISESG24

;e 1r.nt the pett!n#

Frst# The nst.nt -.se s b.rred d+e t! F!rbes P.r9s *./+ret! set t +p .s . -!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3 n C"/ C.se N!#2604, the pr!r n

&!re!"er, the t! -.ses n"!/"e the s.3e p.rtes# The.11re1.te .3!+nt !* the -/.3s n the nst.nt -.se s thnthe


78/127

Th+s, the */n1 !* . 3!t!n t! ds3ss .nd the settn1 +p !*. -!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3 .re n-!3p.tb/ere3edes#01wphi0In the e"ent th.t . de*endn1 p.rty h.s .1r!+nd *!r ds3ss./ .nd . -!3p+/s!ry -!+nter-/.3 .t thes.3e t3e, he 3+st -h!!se !n/y !ne re3edy# I* he de-dest! */e . 3!t!n t! ds3ss, he // /!se hs -!3p+/s!ry-!+nter-/.3# B+t * he !pts t! set +p hs -!3p+/s!ry-!+nter-/.3, he 3.y st// p/e.d hs 1r!+nd *!r ds3ss./ .s.n .**r3.t"e de*ense n hs .nser#52 The /.tter !pt!n s!b"!+s/y 3!re *."!r.b/e t! the de*end.nt ./th!+1h s+-h

*.-t .s /!st !n F!rbes P.r9#

The 1r!+nd *!r ds3ss./ n"!9ed by F!rbes P.r9 n C"/C.se N!# 2604 .s /.-9 !* -.+se !* .-t!n# There .s n!need t! p/e.d s+-h 1r!+nd n . 3!t!n t! ds3ss !r n the.nser sn-e the s.3e .s n!t dee3ed ."ed * t .s n!tp/e.ded#55N!nethe/ess, F!rbes P.r9 st// */ed . 3!t!n t!ds3ss .nd th+s e:er-sed b.d


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%#R# N!# 8062 O-t!ber 5, 2882

&ETALS EN%INEERIN% RESOURCES CORPORATION,pett!ner,

"s#COURT OF APPEALS .nd PLARI$EL OSE, resp!ndents#

?ing, apuchino, Tan 5 "ssociates for petitioner.

$ortunato !. Lira for private respon#ent.

RE%ALA$O, J.p

I3p+1ned n ths pett!n *!r re"e !n certiorari s the

de-s!n !* resp!ndent C!+rt !* Appe./s, d.ted A+1+st 8,288, 2 ds3ssn1 the spe-./ -"/ .-t!n *!r certiorari .ndpr!hbt!n */ed theren by pett!ner -!rp!r.t!n#

The .ppe./ heren .r!se *r!3 C"/ C.se N!# 0006 */ed bypett!ner -!rp!r.t!n .1.nst pr".te resp!ndent P/.rde/!se, *!r the .nn+/3ent !* .n .1ree3ent t! b+y .nd se//e:e-+ted beteen the p.rtes, be*!re the Re1!n./ Tr./C!+rt !* P.s1, Br.n-h 26, the -!3p/.nt 5 .//e1n1, interalia,th.t

::: ::: :::

5# On O-t!ber 2, 28D, p/.nt** .ndde*end.nt e:e-+ted . d!-+3ent h-h.s den!3n.ted .s .n GA1ree3ent t!B+y .nd Se//G n h-h p/.nt** !**ered t!se// t! the de*end.nt .nd the /.tter n t+rn.1reed t! b+y se"er./ p.r-e/s !* /.nd th.n .11re1.te .re. !* 6,20 s=# 3# # # #

::: ::: :::

4# The GA1ree3ent t! B+y .nd Se//G, !/ ts*.-e, s p.tent/y .nd p/.n/y 3per*e-t .ndn-!3p/ete .s there .s .nd -!+/d h."ebeen n! 3eetn1 !* the 3nds !* the

p.rtes n re1.rd t! the 3.nner, per!d .ndter3s !* p.y3ent !* the p+r-h.se pr-e !r-!nsder.t!n h-h s +nden.b/y .nessent./ e/e3ent !* the -!ntr.-t#C!nse=+ent/y, the s+b


80/127

# The re*+s./ !* de*end.nt t! .-n!/ed1ethe 3per*e-t!n .nd n!n7-!3p/et!n !* theGA1ree3entG .nd t! .--ept the re*+ndP0## .s e// .s hs .-ts !* !**ern1the /.nd *!r s./e t! thrd pers!n .nd hs.nn!t.t!n !* .d"erse -/.3s n the tt/e-!"ern1 the /.nds .re +n


81/127

h.t the p/.nt** dd .1.nst thede*end.nt, sh!+/d pr!per/y be *!re.rned.nd deterred there*r!3@

-) P2,# .s .nd *!r .tt!rneys *eesp/+s the e:penses !* /t1.t!n pr!"ed .tthe tr./@ .nd

d) C!sts#G

Be*!re the -.se -!+/d be he.rd !n pre7tr./, pr".teresp!ndent */ed . &!t!n t! E:p+n1e the C!3p/.nt !n the1r!+nd th.t the s.3e dd n!t spe-*y the .3!+nt !*d.3.1es s!+1ht ether n the b!dy !r n the pr.yer !* the-!3p/.nt, -tn1 n s+pp!rt there!* the then r+/n1 -.se !*!anchester Development orporation, et al. vs. ourt of

"ppeals, et al.4 .nd Ad3nstr.t"e Cr-+/.r N!# D ss+ed byths C!+rt !n &.r-h 4, 28#

In .n Order d.ted $e-e3ber 20, 28, the tr./ -!+rtre=+red pett!ner t! .3end ts -!3p/.nt by spe-*yn1 the.3!+nt !* d.3.1es pr.yed *!r, !therse the !r1n./-!3p/.nt sh.// be ds3ssed# In -!3p/.n-e thereth,

pett!ner */ed ts A3ended C!3p/.nt spe-*yn1 the.3!+nt !* d.3.1es t see9s t! re-!"er *r!3 pr".teresp!ndent#

H!e"er, pr".te resp!ndent 3!"ed *!r the re-!nsder.t!n!* the tr./ -!+rts .*!res.d !rder th respe-t t! the p!rt!n.//!n1 pett!ner t! */e .n .3ended -!3p/.nt, st.tn1 th.tthe -!+rt dd n!t .-=+re


82/127

!* hs -!+nter-/.3 s . 3st.9e, t s .t3!st .n err!r !*


83/127

A3er-.n

2# It s n!t s3p/y the */n1 !* the -!3p/.nt!r .ppr!pr.te nt.t!ry p/e.dn1, b+t the

p.y3ent !* the pres-rbed d!-9et *ee, th.t"ests . tr./ -!+rt th


84/127

%#R# N!# 282 Apr/ 22, 50

ESTHERLITA CRU'7A%ANA, Pett!ner,

"s#HON# U$%E AURORA SANTIA%O7LA%&AN (In her-.p.-ty .s Presdn1 +d1e !* Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt, Br.n-hDD, &./!/!s, B+/.-.n) .nd B# SERRANO ENTERPRISES,INC#, Resp!ndents#

$ E C I S I O N

CARPIO, J.

The C.se

Ths pett!n *!r certiorari2see9s t! re"erse the Order !* the

Re1!n./ Tr./ C!+rt, Br.n-h DD, &./!/!s, B+/.-.n (Gtr./-!+rtG), d.ted 4 +ne 2888, re-.//n1 ts pre"!+s Orderd.ted 50 &.y 2888 ds3ssn1 B# Serr.n! Enterprses,In-#s (Gresp!ndentG) -!+nter-/.3 +p!n . 3!t!n t! ds3ss*/ed by pett!ner Esther/t. Cr+7A1.n. (Gpett!nerG)#

Ante-edent F.-ts

On 2 &.r-h 2886, pett!ner */ed . C!3p/.nt *!r.nn+/3ent !* tt/e th pr.yer *!r pre/3n.ry 3.nd.t!ryn


85/127

ts "ery n.t+re .s ben1 .+:/.ry t! thepr!-eedn1s n the s+t .nd .s der"n1 tss+bst.nt"e .nd


86/127

%#R# N!# L7586D N!"e3ber 25, 28D

THE ISAMAN PAC?IN% CORPORATION, pett!ner,

"s#THE REPARATIONS CO&&ISSION .nd THE COURT OFAPPEALS, resp!ndents#

NARASA, J.

The pr!-eedn1s .t b.r h.d ther !r1n n .n .1ree3entden!3n.ted GC!ntr.-t !* C!nstt+t!n./ P+r-h.se .nd S./e!* nterp.r.t!n %!!dsG entered nt! beteen pett!ners.y.n b.9n1 C!rp!r.t!n (here.*ter, s3p/y ISPAC) .ndthe Rep.r.t!ns C!33ss!n (here.*ter, s3p/y

REPACO&)# S+b


87/127

Ide.//y, n the -.se .t b.r, the sep.r.te action for collectionsh!+/d h."e been ds3ssed .nd set +p .s . compulsorycounterclaim n the de-/.r.t!ry re/e* s+ts, by .y !* .n.3ended .nser# Ths .s n!t d!ne# The .-t!nspr!-eeded sep.r.te/y .nd ere de-ded !n the 3erts# The*n./ "erd-t .s th.t the #eclaratory relief suitsnstt+ted byISPAC ere +n3ert!r!+s, =+te th!+t *!+nd.t!n .nd,n the /1ht !* .// the re/e".nt *.-ts, .ppe.r t! h."e beennt.ted by ISPAC 3ere/y t! !bstr+-t .nd de/.y thep.y3ent !* the nst.//3ents -/e.r/y d+e *r!3 t, p.y3ent !*

h-h .s de-reed n the collection suit. Under the-r-+3st.n-es, .nd t.9n1 .--!+nt !* the n!t n-!nsder.b/e/en1ht !* t3e th.t the -.se .t b.r h.s been pendn1, t!+/d be t! d! "!/en-e t! s+bst.nt./


88/127

%#R# N!# 8282 .n+.ry 54, 2882

FRANCISCO I# CHAE', n hs -.p.-ty .s S!/-t!r%ener./, pett!ner"s#

THE HON# SAN$I%ANBAMAN (Frst $"s!n) .nd UANPONCE ENRILE, resp!ndents#

Ponce -nrile, ayetano Reyes 5 !analastas for privaterespon#ent.

%UTIERRE', R#, J.

The pett!ner -h.//en1es the res!/+t!ns d.ted +ne ,288 .nd N!"e3ber 5, 288 !* the S.nd1.nb.y.n ss+edn C"/ C.se N!# h-h 1r.nted the 3!t!n !* pr".te

resp!ndent +.n P!n-e Enr/e, !ne !* the de*end.nts n the-"/ -.se, t! 3p/e.d the pett!ner .s .ddt!n./ p.rtyde*end.nt n Enr/es -!+nter-/.3 n the s.3e -"/ -.se.nd dened the pett!ners 3!t!n *!r re-!nsder.t!n#

On +/y 2, 28D, the Rep+b/- !* the Ph/ppnes, thr!+1hthe Presdent./ C!33ss!n !n %!!d %!"ern3ent (PC%%)th the .ssst.n-e !* S!/-t!r %ener./ Fr.n-s-! Ch."e*/ed th the resp!ndent S.nd1.nb.y.n . -!3p/.ntd!-9eted .s C"/ C.se N!# .1.nst Ed+.rd!C!


89/127

: : : : : : : : :

$e*end.nt7n7-!+nter-/.3 Fr.n-s-! Ch."e .sthe S!/-t!r %ener./ h! .sssted the PC%% n*/n1 .nd 3.nt.nn1 the nst.nt C!3p/.nt .1.nst$e*end.nt# As the n-+3bent S!/-t!r %ener./, he-!ntn+es t! .ssst the PC%% n pr!se-+tn1 ths-.se#

He s s+ed n hs pers!n./ .nd !**-./ -.p.-tes#

On !r .b!+t O-t!ber 286, the PC%%, spe.9n1thr!+1h the then Ch.r3.n, n! Sen.te Presdent,H!n# !"t! R# S./!n1., *!+nd .nd de-/.red th.tGn!t !ne !* the d!-+3ents /e*t by

rule 6 cases civil procedure

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