7/28/2019 Rumusan Artikel Learning for Understanding

1/2

RUMUSAN ARTIKEL LEARNING FOR UNDERSTANDING

Meaning of Understanding

4 empat ciri yang utama dalam pembelajaran (To promote deep learning, teachersand institutions need to adopt a multi-pronged approach.At least four areas need to

be addressed.)

KURIKULUM yang menekankan pembelajaran secara aktif dan

membolehkan pelajar memahaminya secara mendalam.Guru hanya akan menjadi

fasilator.Murid sendiri yang bertanggungjawab terhadap apa yang mereka faham

semasa pembelajaran. (emphasises active learning will promote deep learning.The

Problem-based Learning curriculum is one such example where students take

responsibility for and teachers facilitate their learning.In Problem-based Learning, the

topics that need to be taught are converted into problems which are then used tostimulate learning.)

` SUASANA PEMBELAJARAN YANG KONDUSIF membolehkan pelajar

berfikir,berbincang dan membuat refleksi tentang apa yang mereka belajar dalam

proses pnp.Suasana sebegini akan memberi semangat dalam pembelajaran

dengan menanya soalan serta memberi pendapat mereka.(Students need aconducive environment to be able to think, reflect and discuss (the attributes

required for deep learning).Encouraging them to ask questions and express their

opinions will stimulate them to explore ideas and question assumptions and

statements.)

TEKNIK PENGAJARAN ATAU TEKNIK PEMBELAJARANguru perlu menggunakanpelbagai kaedah dan teknik supaya proses pnp berjalan dengan lancer.Murid akan

lebih memahami tentang kandungan pelajaran sekiranya cara pengajaran guru lebih

berminat.Guru boleh mengaitkan maklumat yang pernah murid dengan maklumat

baru.Dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran guru perlu menanya soalan supaya boleh

mengenal pasti tahap kefahaman dan perhatian pelajar dalam kelas.(engaging to

both students and teachers, and build on previous knowledge.

being able to carry out a variety of

actions or "performances" that show

one's grasp of a topic and at the same

7/28/2019 Rumusan Artikel Learning for Understanding

2/2

Statements or questions that express that which is most important for students to

understand during a session, or over a long duration, will focus their attention on

desirable goals.)

PENILAIAN boleh dikatakan sebagai pengukur proses pnp yang dijalankan

oleh guru.Penilaian akan membantu untuk berfikir secara mendalam.Selain

itu,penilaian juga menjadi pendorong kepada murid untuk belajar dan mencari

maklumat secara sendiri.Penilaian perlu mencabar dan membuat pelajar berfikir

secara kritis .Dengan ini guru boleh mengelak system penghafalan dalam

kelas.("Performances of understanding require students to show their understanding

in an observable way. . Apart from selection of the content to be learned, the format

and timing of learning, evaluation also influences students' approach to learning. If

the test focuses on recall, students will simply memorise the information without

having insight into it.)

ARTIKEL TEACHING FOR UNDERSTANDINGHOW CAN STUDENTS LEARN WITH UNDERSTANDING?

understanding a topic means building up performances of understanding

around that topic, the mainstay of learning for understanding must be actual

engagement in those performances. The learners must spend the larger part of their

time with activities that ask them to generalize, find new examples, carry out

applications, and work through other understanding performances. And they must do

so in a thoughtful way, with appropriate feedback to help them perform better.

Teaching for understanding is not simply another way of teaching, just asmanageable as the usual lecture-exercise-test method. Here are six steps forteachers who teach for understanding:

.

Make learning a long-term, thinking-centered process

Provide for rich ongoing assessment.

Support learning with powerful representations.

Pay heed to developmental factors.

Induct students into the discipline.

Teach for transfer.