running on the moon
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Running on the MoonFrancois Decuir
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IntroductionIn reduced gravity <0.5g, running requires
less energy than walking
• In space, the pressure inside space suits is high enough that it helps support the total weight
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0006614#pone.0006614.s003
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IntroductionSpace suits affect the walk-run transition by
mobility restriction, changes in stability, and increased joint mechanical work
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VideoThe pressure in the space suit keeps the knee from buckling. This makes walking expend more energy.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0006614#pone.0006614.s003
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IntroductionFroude Number
By modeling walking as an inverted pendulum, we find that walking occurs only when Fr≤1.
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IntroductionApollo Number
The Apollo number is defined as the Froude number multiplied by the inverse of the mass ratio M.
When no space suit is present, M=1 and Ap=Fr
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Variablesv=velocityL=hip height or center of mass heightM=ratio of human carried mass to total
transported massg=gravitational accelerationα&β=shape and location of the state transition
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PhysiologicalThe physiological variables include the length
of the leg, L, and the mass ratio, M.When attempting to manipulate the Apollo
number, the variable M can be changed. This can give either a higher or lower chance to be in a “run” state.
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Important models
Change in M to keep the Apollo number constant.
Probability that gait=1
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RecreationMATLAB was used to recreate
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0006614#pone.0006614.s003
Apollo Number
Walk
or R
un
sta
te
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Alteration
To allow a shorter astronaut to run at the same speed as a taller astronaut, the weight of the space suit must be altered.
Lower space suit weight/Shorter hip height
Higher space suit weight/ Longer hip height
Ap
ollo
Nu
mb
er
Mass Ratio
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PossibilitiesEmergency situation occurs
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BenefitsOptimizing space suits for travel to the Moon
and Mars
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ConclusionIn a suit with a higher mass, M, the walk-run
transition will occur at lower speedsAs loads reduce the self-support, M, walking
becomes possible at higher velocities
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Questions