rural electrification cooperative model in madhya pradesh

8/3/2019 Rural Electrification Cooperative Model in Madhya Pradesh

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Rural Electrification Cooperative

Model in Madhya Pradesh

Dr. Najib Altawell

[email protected]

Center for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy (CEPMLP)

University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, UK

11 December 2011



Agenda

Introduction

CooperativeCooperative Model

Conclusion



Image source: World Map Photo http://www.worldmapphotos.com/arab-world-map/

Electrification

The village/Town*1.Influence of the geographic endowment on the electrification2.Influence of the State Electricity Boards (SEB)3.Influence of the state¶s general development and structure4.The main grid5.

A rural village (higher priority = states that depend on theagriculture sector)6.Higher cost = large number of villages = longer transmission linesand interconnection7.Positive effect = irrigation, crop processing and storage are part of the working village environment where electricity demand will behigh.

8.The existence of electrification within regions adjacent to a village,electrification of the village would be part of the futureelectrification by the state

*(Andreas K., 2006)

/




Cooperative

W hat is a co-operative?

µ A co-operative is a group of people acting together to

meet the common needs and aspirations of its members,

sharing ownership and making decisions democratically.¶*µCo-operatives are not about making big profits for shareholders, but

creating value for customers ± this is what gives co-operatives a

unique character, and influences.¶*

*The Cooperative Group http://www.co-operative.coop/corporate/widermovement/




Cooperative

The First Co-operative

The Fenwick Weavers' Society 1761 (Fenwick, East Ayrshire,

Scotland)

Consumer Co-operative 1769

High standard of weaving craft

Food and books

The Cooperative Society reconvened March 2008

/




Cooperative

R obert Owen (1771 - 1858)




Cooperative

Cooperative Seven Principles ( R ochdale Principles)

Voluntary and Open Membership

Democratic Member ControlMembers¶ Economic Participation

Autonomy and Independence

Education, Training, and Information

Cooperation Among CooperativesConcern for Community




Cooperative

Ru ral Electric Cooperative by Cou nty, USA*

*Image source: Center for Cooperative http://reic.uwcc.wisc.edu/electric/




Cooperative

Distribu tion and G&T co-ops combined*

There are 841 distribution and 65 G&T cooperatives serve:

42 million people in 47 states (12% of the nation's population);

18 million businesses, homes, schools, churches, farms andirrigation systems; $112 billion (distribution and G&T co-ops

combined); 42% of the nations electric distribution lines;

Deliver 10% per year of the total kilowatt-hours; Employ 70,000

people; Retire $545 million in capital credits annually; Pay $1.4

billion in state and local taxes

*National Rural Electric Cooperative Association http://www.nreca.coop/members/Co-opFacts/Pages/default.aspx




Cooperative

E u rope

India

Africa




Energy Cooperative

India

More than 70% of the population of India is

located in villages, where lack of electricity and

other essential services hinder the economic andsocial development*

A village cooperative model, therefore, to

provide basic and essential services could be oneof the solutions for the local community*MNES, 2010




Energy Cooperative

Universal Coverage

Electricity supply should be provided on the basis of

µuniversal coverage¶, i.e. it should be provided for all the

local people, with no exception, where the cooperativepower enterprise operate.

A number of households connected via a cooperative

enterprise have much higher rate of connection, i.e. four

time more than the connection provided via SEB*

*NRECA, 2002 (SEB=State Electricity Boards)




Energy Cooperative

Solar Plant

There is no other power supply presently available

The village/town model should have the basic

infrastructure for present and future economicdevelopment, e.g. a positive outlook for agricultural and/or

local industries

Access to main roads

*NRECA, 2002 (SEB=State Electricity Boards)




Energy Cooperative

M emberships

Genuine participation and cooperation = the number of the

memberships should be limited

(Not open for unlimited members)

A village or a town of around 5,000 inhabitants can be an

ideal for the proposed energy cooperative model

An experimental model should focus on the final possible

positive outcome which can be achieved successfully with

limited resources

The whole local population



Energy Cooperative

The M odel Lack of electricity supply

The population size

The willingness of the local population to get involved

in the management, operation and maintenanceaspects

The town /village is located within the administered

part of Madhya Pradesh state

Recent data concerning the village /town are presentlyavailable for the project



Energy Cooperative

S u ccessf u l Cooperative Electrification

The size of the village

Access to good roads

Distant to distribution network and /or villages nearby

already being supplied with electricityNumber of consumers

Number of established businesses

Number of rural industries

Comparison of other similar work done in other

countries to the new locationAvailability of public facilities



Energy CooperativeG u ideline

Local ownership

Community participations

Suitable solar model

TrainingDevising method(s) for revenue collection

Tariff agreement with the local authority

Establishing a committee (e.g. developmentand for major problems)



Energy Cooperative

H atod District of Mandla (Madhya Pradesh state)

Geographical location is within 22° 48' 0" North, 75° 44' 0"

East*

The last census indicated that there are around 9030inhabitants**

The population of the town comprise of 51% male (4,648) and

49% female (4,382).

16% of the total populations are under the age of 6

*Google Map **India Census, 2001



Energy Cooperative

StatisticsThe following locations from class I to class VI, in the state of MadhyaPradesh, can be presented as an example, i.e. before deciding on thesize of the town/village for the cooperative model*

A. Bhind (M) [Population: 153,752, Class - I]B. Ashoknagar (M) [Population: 57,705, Class - II]C. Chitrakoot (NP) [Population: 22,279, Class - III]

D. Gurh (NP) [Population: 12,450, Class - IV ]E. Hatod (NP) [Population: 9,028, Class - V ]

F. Sethia (or Sethiya) (CT) [Population: 4,559, Class - VI]

(Census of India, 2001).*(Census of India, 2001)



Energy Cooperative

Dataa. The present population growth rate

b. The present electricity demand in India is 530kWh/capita-annum The demandrising at a rate of 4.74% per annum, Hatod would therefore require a generation

capacity of 7.9GWh/annum or an average delivered power capability of 900kW

c. System cost (declining)

d. Bank lending interest rate: 4%

a. Section 3 of the Electricity Act 2003 has clearly formulated the National ElectricityPolicy, Tariff policy and National Electricity Plan including optimal utilizationresources including renewable sources of energy. Under this Act the solarelectricity feed-in tariff rate for financial year 2010/11 onwards has been set at

Indian Rupees 14.95/kWh as opposed to the consumer¶s purchase price of Rupees4/kWh. The ratio of sale/purchase price for the consumer is thus 3.7. Thiscompares more favourably than the latter ratio being 3.0 for the UK



Energy Cooperative

Technical Aspects*

*Image source: Redrawn and edited from NASA Science, 2010)



Energy Cooperative

H atod¶s Energy Data*

Estimated power to be consumed = 1.1 MW

Peak load = 8 KV

Number of household power connections = 1640Number of commercial power connections = 40

Number of Industrial power connection = 14

Number of agricultural connection = 12

Number of street lights = 28

Schools and places of worships = 14

*India Census, 2001



Methodology

Steps

Listing of all known factors on the ground

Analysing individual factors

Compiling all the factors, i.e. hardware,

labour /workforce, experts and energy sources under

agreed guidelines /cooperative modelLocal entrepreneurs and engineers and other

cooperative members will report on the first

operational test of the system

Final decision on the viability of the work will be made

The modifications needed will be carried out which

should lead to an improvised final operational test



Methodology



MethodologyThe second test will be the final test, even if the test did not match the

expected improvement. This is simply to confirm whether or notfurther changes will be needed before the final operational mode has

been finally reached

To proceed with the supplying of electricity to the local community and

no further steps need to be taking, then this stage will lead to the

conclusion of the work. If on the other hand further work will be

needed, then stage 7 will be repeated

The final stage where the overall activity of the project and the form of a

cooperative model will be part of the daily business activity of the

local community

Feed back on the progress of the project will be part of the quarterly

report produced by the management responsible for the dailyoperation of the Solar-PV station to the cooperative executive

committee



MethodologyImportance of loads, cost /prices, human

resources, taxations, grants and other

relevant factors under three main

headlines

S u mmary

1.Regulations/laws & Environmental/Social

aspects

2. Technical aspects3. Commercial aspects



Conclusion

Forming cooperative organisations

Listing all the factors/cooperative model

Factors are connected to regulations,

environment, technical and commerciallevel/values

rural electrification cooperative model in madhya pradesh

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