Problems of Rural RoadsProblems of Rural Roads in Mongolia

S Ochirbat MongoliaS.Ochirbat, MongoliaOctober 27, 2010

Mongolia is a landlocked country located at th h t f A i ith t t it dthe heart of Asia with a vast territory and continental type of climate, with mild to moderate summers and severe winters, where 2.7 million people dwelt scarcely p p yover in settlement areas which are scattered and located far away from each other.

Road Network of MongoliaRoad Network of Mongolia

Total road network49250 km

International and stateLocal roads

International and stateroads

11218 km 38032 km

Road network

6217.0355.42%

1962.0817.49%

53.730.48%

174.361.55%

1531.3113.65%

1279.4911.41%

Àñôàëüòáåòîí Öåìåíòáåòîí Õºíãºâ÷èëñºí õàð Õàéðãà Ñàéæðóóëñàí õºðñ Åðäèéí õºðñCement concrete

GravelMacadam Earth tracks

Improved earth surface

Asphalt concrete

Of total roads Of state roads

Paved and gravel roads 13 % 33 1 %g 13 % 33.1 %

4

Mongolian Linkage to Asian Highway Network (2005)( )

ASIAN HIGHWAY IN MONGOLIA

AH4

AH32

AH3

2325kmAH32 758 kmAH41009 kmAH3

Road Network Development Programme and Plans

• Master Plan for Mongolian Mid Term Road NetworkMaster Plan for Mongolian Mid Term Road Network Development” ADB, 1995

• “Mongolian Transport Development Strategy” World Bank, 19961996

• Sustainable Development Programme of Mongolia in 21st Century, Government of Mongolia,1999“Millennium Road” Project or New Strategic Policy for Road• Millennium Road” Project or New Strategic Policy for Road Network Development , Government of Mongolia, 2001

• “Millennium Development Goals-based Comprehensive National Development Strategy of Mongolia” Government ofNational Development Strategy of Mongolia Government of Mongolia, 2007

• “Master Plan for Development of Mongolian Road Network up to 2021” ADB 2009to 2021 ADB, 2009

Investment for Road Network (Bln MNT)

8

The roads completed in last 10 years in Road SectorThe roads completed in last 10 years in Road Sector

a. Completed roads /km/ b. Completed bridges /l/m/

450.0 

500.0 488.6 

1'200.0 1'189.2 

300.0 

350.0 

400.0  369.1 

304.2  297.5  304.2  800.0 

1'000.0  906.6 

593.9 

100.0 

150.0 

200.0 

250.0 

109.0  110.2 

174.4  174.7 

400.0 

600.0 

330.2 

548.2 

208.3 

498.3 

‐

50.0 

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

49.2 

‐

200.0 

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

‐60.8 

114.5 

Total 1925.9 km asphalt concrete roads and 455.2 km gravel roads have been completed in

2000-2009.

Total 4450 l/m bridges have been completed in 2000-2009.

9

Investment towards road maintenance

Investment for road maintenance and rehabilitation has been increasedby 86%, for routine maintenance has been increased by 34% in 2009comparing to year 2004comparing to year 2004.

8000

10000

6000 6400 7000

9014.5 9202.3

5535 6

7455.9

2000

4000

6000 50006000 6 00

4185.4

1773.9

3571.9

5258.5 5535.6

Mln

MN

T

0

2000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Çàñâàð àð÷ëàëòûí àæèëä òºëºâëºãäñºí íèéò õºðºí㺯¿íýýñ óðñãàë çàñâàð àð÷ëàëòàä çàðöóóëñàí õºðºíãº

Total budget allocated for maintenance worksTotal budget allocated for routine maintenance

10

Specific features of Local RoadsSpecific features of Local Roads

• Most sparsely populated,• Relatively less production of agricultural products,• Relatively less number of traffic,• No proper route directions and absence of road furniture on

i ti d lt i i t l d d ti d t lti lexisting roads result in environmental degradation due to multipleearth tracks formed by the drivers. The non-natives travellingthrough those areas normally get disoriented and lose directionsin the night.g

• Air pollution due to dust from gravel roads and earth tracks• Time is lost as vehicles get stuck in the mud in summer and in

snow in winter due to high mountain ranges and rivers,C f S b 250C• Common feature: Summer temperature ranges between +250Cand +400C and winter temperature drops to -250C and -400C,occasionally daily temperature range reaches 15-200C.

Local Road FundsLocal Road Funds

• Motor vehicle registration taxMotor vehicle registration tax,• Local road usage toll,

St t d l l b d t• State and local budget,• Fine paid by the violators of traffic rules

and regulations, • Revenue from loan, assistance and aid.,

Objectives of National ProgrammeObjectives of National Programme “Improvement of Food Supply” and “Third

Crop Rehabilitation Campaign”

T t d ti f d d ti b d i th• To promote domestic food production by reducing the country’s dependence on imported goods for main consumer food products;p ;

• To raise public awareness and information on quality of food products; and

• To ensure hygienic and safe food production and processing.

Investment for local road maintenanceInvestment for local road maintenance

Objectives of Local Roads Development Projects

• Prompt access to settlement areas with proper social services p p pand market, reduce transportation cost,

• Involve local unemployed people in road construction and rehabilitation/maintenance worksrehabilitation/maintenance works,

• Timely and efficient transportation of perishable food items and those deteriorate during transportation,S f f f• Safety and security of food items

• Protect environment by decreasing number of multiple tracks and reducing dust,g ,

• Capacity strengthening of local administrative and road maintenance institutions, imparting training etc.

Increase in Investment towards Local R d M i tRoads Maintenance

“Ulaanbaatar-AZZA" LLC

“Selenge-AZZA" LLC

“Orkhon-AZZA" LLC

“BulganAZZA" LLC

“Khuvsgul-AZZA" LLC

“ZavkhanAZZA" LLC

Locations of Road Maintenance Companies

Ul b i hi

KhandgaitKhankh

“Dornod Auto

“Khargui" SoC

631km

AZZA LLC841km

AZZA LLC113km

“Darkhan-AZZA" LLC

117km

AZZA LLC145,5km

AZZA LLC492.0km

AZZA LLC631,2km

AZZA LLC991,6km

"Uvs-AZZA" LLC

637,7km “KhuvsgulZam" LL 202,5km

Ulgii

Khovd

Ulaangom

Uliastai

Bulgan

MurunErdenet Darkhan

Sukhbaatar

Ulaanbaatar Choibalsan

UlaanbaishintArts Suuri Baga-Ilenkh Altanbulag Ereentsav

Ulikhan

KhavirgaDayan Tosontsengel

Road" LLC849,3km

Uliastai

Govi-Altai BayankhongorArvaikheer

TsetserlegZuunmod

Ulaanbaatar

×îéð

Mandalgovi

Undurkhaan

Baruun Urt

Choibalsan

Bichigt

Burgastai

Yarantai Kharkhorin

Sainshand

DalanzadgadZamiin Uud

Gashuun Sukhait

Burgastai“Jol" LC651,1km

“Khovd -AZZA" LC

“Taliin Zam" SoC

534,4km Gashuun Sukhait835km

“Govi Altai-AZZA" LC739,6km

“Nomgonkhairkhan" LC

508,6km

“Arkhangai" LC

265km

“Ovorkhangai-AZZA" LC

338km

“Kharkhorin-AZZA" LC

207km

“Dornogovi-AZZA" LC447,8km

“Tuv AZZA" LC

957,9km

,

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21 state and private companies are working in charge of maintenance of 11519 km road.

Types of local road maintenance ti itiactivities

• Providing road furniture,Providing road furniture,• Sectional improvement, construction of earth

roads,,• Installation of minor bridges and culverts,

construction of earth roads,,• Opening and clearing of snow on the hills and

passes,• Rehabilitation of roads with excessive damages

etc

Causes of poor development of local d t kroad network

• Road Network Management is not optimal, • Poor central monitoring on local activities• Poor central monitoring on local activities, • Insufficient support from central office, • Lack of funding• Lack of funding, • Increase in cost of major construction materials

are far too rapid than the cost allocated for roadare far too rapid than the cost allocated for road maintenance works.

Increase in cost of major construction materials (2005-2009)

2.082.25

1.001.13 1.13

1.411.25

1.75

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Битум 1.00 1.14 1.40 1.60 1.60

Арматур 1.00 1.00 1.60 1.60 1.23

Ц 00 3 63 0 0

1.00

0.75

Steel

Bitumen

Recent years:

Цемент 1.00 1.13 1.63 1.50 1.50

Шатахуун 1.00 1.13 1.13 2.08 1.41

Cement

Fuel

- Cost of three major road construction materials have increased by 44%- Cost of fuel doubled in 2008 comparing to 2005.

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Objectives of “Road Sector Capacity B ildi ”P j tBuilding”Project

• Improve and strengthening of road network management,• Optimize legal environment of road sector,• Improve contractual relations between DOR, local administrative authorities

and road maintenance companies, facilitate permanent participation of i t t i d i t ti itiprivate sector in road maintenance activities,

• Maximize scope of “Road Fund”,• Establish Road Fund Council, effectively manage its activities,

D l t d d d f d f d d l i f i t• Develop standards and norms for road fund and planning of maintenance works and devise effective planning scheme,

• Enhance capacity of local consultancy services and maximize involvement of local consulting companies for road maintenance activitiesof local consulting companies for road maintenance activities,

• Augment monitoring by road users on road conditions and utilization of road fund,

• Support and improve activities of local administrative authoritiesSuppo t a d p o e act t es o oca ad st at e aut o t es

Objectives of Department of Roads

• Effective implementation of “Road Sector Capacity Building Project” after ratification by the p y g j yCabinet

• Set forth independent “Law on Road Fund” p

Thank you for your kind attention

•

Thank you for your kind attention.