Personality Types Rusk ❖ Psychology

What is a personality type? •  Basically, your personally type is derived from your

psychological preferences.

•  It is about who you are at the core; not what color you like, or your favorite food.

•  Your personality type is determined by the patterns of thinking and behavior that develop over time.

•  Your personality type, although many people may share some of the common characteristics and are of the same type, is unique and defines who you are.

Personality Theory •  The theory of Personality Types contends that each of us has a natural

preference which falls into one category or the other in each of these four areas, based on four preference pairs: –  (E)-Extraversion/ (I)-Introversion; –  (S)-Sensing Perception/ (N)-Intuitive Perception; –  (T)-Thinking Judgment/ (F)-Feeling Judgment; and –  (J)-Judging Lifestyle/ (P)-Perceiving Lifestyle.

•  Out of these four preference pairs, you will be dominant in one or the other in each pair, resulting in sixteen personality types from which to choose.

•  By choosing the dominant letter (E or I, S or N, T or F, J or P) you will come up with a four letter code that is your personality type.

•  To begin, look at the four preference pairs and decide which one of each pair most describes you.

•  Try to make your decision based on how you see yourself as being the majority of the time, not at any particular moment in time. –  You are looking for your personality patterns, identifying the areas in

your life that come easily to you and the areas are that more of a struggle for you..

•  After determining which areas seem to be your "natural preferences," write the letters down on a piece of paper.

Extraverts (E)  Introverts (I) • energized by being with other people • like being the center of attention • act, then think • tend to think out loud • are easier to 'read' and know, and share personal information freely

• prefer breadth to depth • talk more than listen • communicate with enthusiasm • respond quickly, and enjoy a fast pace • a more outward focus to your environment

• feel comfortable with working in groups • have a wide range of acquaintances and friends

• a "go-getter" or "people-person"

• energized by spending time alone • avoid being the center of attention • think, then act • think things through inside your head • are more private and prefer to share personal information with a select few

• prefer depth to breadth • listen more than talk • keep your enthusiasm to yourself • respond after taking the time to think things through

• a more inward focus to concepts and ideas

• feel comfortable being alone and prefer solitary activities

• prefer fewer, more intense relationships • calm, reserved

Sensors (S) Intuitives (N) • trust what is certain and concrete • like new ideas only if they have practical applications

• value realism and common sense • like to use and hone established skills • tend to be specific and literal. You give detailed descriptions

• present information in a step by step manner

• are oriented to the present • inclined to attend to the immediate, practical, and observable

• realistic and practical; good at grasping facts and details

• patient and careful with precise work and routine

• put experience first and place less trust in words and symbols

• recall events as snapshots and remember the literal aspects of what happened

• trust inspiration and inference • like new ideas and concepts • value imagination and innovation • like to learn new skills and new ways of doing things. You get bored easily after mastering new skills

• Tend to use metaphors and analogies. • present information through leaps, in a roundabout manner

• are oriented towards the future • inclined to attend to future possibilities and implicit or symbolic meanings

• imaginative and insightful; patient in projects with many intangibles and possibilities

• place more trust in insights, symbols, and metaphors and less trust in what is literally experienced

• recall events by intuition and what you "read between the lines"

Thinkers (T) Feelers (F) • apply impersonal analysis to problems • value logic, justice, and fairness, with one standard for all

• naturally see flaws and tend to be critical • may be seen as heartless, insensitive, and uncaring

• consider it more important to be truthful than tactful

• believe feelings are valid only if they are logical

• motivated by a desire for achievement evaluate decisional paths primarily emphasizing thinking and objective logic

• have a technical or scientific orientation • look for logical explanations or solutions for almost everything

• seek objective truth and fairness, regardless of effects, and may be seen as and firm

• prefer to understand experience through logical thinking

• consider effects of action on others • value empathy and harmony and see the exception to the rule.

• naturally like to please others and show appreciation easily

• seen as overemotional, illogical, and weak • consider it important to be tactful as well as truthful.

• believe any feeling is valid, whether it makes sense or not

• motivated by a desire to be appreciated • evaluate decisional paths primarily emphasizing feeling and subjective values

• people or communications orientated • look for what is important to others and • express concern for others • seek harmony and cooperation, sometimes • ignoring the consequences, and may be seen as warm and understanding

• appreciate the merits of others

Judgers (J) Percievers (P) • are happiest after decisions have been made

• have a work ethic, work first - play later • value order, structure, and predictability • prefer knowing what you are getting into • are product oriented, with emphasis on completing the task

• derive satisfaction from finishing projects • see time as a finite resource and take deadlines seriously

• tend to control your life in a very organized, planned, expeditious way, making quick and final decisions

• tolerate and enjoy routine • task oriented and a "list maker" • like to make decisions and have things decided

• Take deadlines seriously

• are happiest leaving their options open • have a play ethic, that is you enjoy now and finish the job later

• value spontaneity and the challenge of dealing with the unexpected

• change goals as new information becomes available like adapting to new situations

• are process oriented, with emphasis on how the task is completed

• derive satisfaction from starting projects • see time as a renewable resource and see deadlines as elastic

• you adapt to life spontaneously through constant information-seeking and inquiry while keeping your options open

• find routine boring and intolerable • loose and casual and keep detailed plans to a minimum

• like staying open to be ready for whatever happens

• interesting developments cause deadlines to fall by the wayside