russian revolution
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Russian Revolution. Guided Notes PowerPoint Presentation. A gruesome discovery. In 1976, a shallow grave, containing the bodies of seven people was discovered in a pit in rural Russia. A gruesome discovery. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Russian Revolution
Guided NotesPowerPoint Presentation
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A gruesome A gruesome discovery...discovery...
• In 1976, a shallow grave, containing the bodies of seven people was discovered in a pit in rural Russia.
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A gruesome A gruesome discovery...discovery...
• It soon became clear to investigators that these bodies were the victims of a terrible murder.
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A gruesome A gruesome discovery...discovery...
• Today, their remains are venerated in a church in Moscow. Millions of people visit Russia to pay their respects.
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Who were they?
Why were they murdered?
For the answers we look to an event in Russian history that plays on our imaginations even today.
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• In the spring of 1917, Russia changed from a monarchy (a government with a king) to the world’s first Communist government. The causes were many and varied, and the end result was a terror beyond a nightmare.
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The RomanovsThe Romanovs
• The Romanovs were Russia’s last royal family. They were the heirs to a dynasty that was almost 400 years old. They were also a close-knit family that loved each other very much.
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The Romanovs
• Shown here are: Czar Nicholas II, his wife Alexandra, his daughters Olga, Maria, Anastasia, Tatiana, and the only son, and heir to the throne, Alexi.
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The Romanovs
• The Czar Nicholas and his wife Alexandra are one of history’s true love stories.
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The Romanovs
•
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The Romanovs
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Causes of the Russian Causes of the Russian RevolutionRevolution
• By the time Nicholas II came to the throne, Russia was in bad shape.
• The population had outgrown its food supply, and many people starved.
• Peasants, working on the farms, demanded their freedom.
• And to make things worse, Russia was losing miserably in World War I.
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Causes of the Russian Causes of the Russian RevolutionRevolution
• Also, people working in factories were not being paid enough; working conditions were very poor.
• Many people felt that Czar Nicholas II had failed his country. Many people demanded change.
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Causes of the Revolution• One of Nicholas’
strongest critics was a criminal named Vladamir Lenin.Vladamir Lenin.
• Lenin believed that Communism was the best way to solve the countries problems.
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Causes of the Revolution
• Lenin believed strongly in the teaching of a German philosopher named Karl Marx.
• In 1848, Marx wrote a book called the Communist Manifesto.
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Causes of the Revolution • Lenin promised the starving people of Russia,
“peace, land, and bread!”
• Many people believed in Lenin. Many thought that Communism would help Russia.
• He gathered a large following called the Bolsheviks.
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Causes of the Revolution • Meanwhile, things were not going well for
Nicholas and his family.
• His wife, Alexandra, had become obsessed with a man who she thought was a a true prophet of God.
• His name was Gregory Rasputin.
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Rasputin, the Mad Monk
• Although Alexandra adored Rasputin, most people called him “the mad monk.”
• He was a filthy peasant. He rarely bathed, and he was practically illiterate.
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Rasputin, the Mad Monk
• Somehow, Rasputin had a strange power. On several occasions, he seemed to save the life of Alexi, who suffered from hemophilia.
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RasputinAlthough Rasputin was not a real monk, Alexandra hung on his every word.
Many Russians believed that Rasputin was controlling the kingdom - this did not make Nicholas and his family look good.
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Rasputin• Eventually, Rasputin
was finally murdered by friends of the Czar.
• It took a poisoned wine, 5 bullets, a knife, a club on the head, a savage beating, and finally drowning to do him in.
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The Revolution Begins
• While the family was wasting time with Rasputin, things in Russia got only worse.
• When an group of peasants marched on the Czar’s palace, a group of soldiers killed them.
• This was known as Bloody Sunday.
• Czar Nicholas looked terrible to his people.
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The Revolution Begins
• In 1917, Vladamir Lenin, who had been sent into exile by Nicholas II, was brought back into the country by his followers.
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The Revolution Begins
• Lenin raised an army that called themselves the Bolsheviks because of their devotion to Communism.
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The Revolution Begins
• Lenin and the Bolsheviks raided the Czar’s palace in the fall of 1917.
• It became known as the October Revolution.
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The Revolution Begins
• The Czar and his family were arrested and sent to live away from the city.
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The Revolution Begins
•One night the family was told they were to have their picture taken.
•They were marched into a room in their prison and posed.
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The End of the Romanovs
• In this room, the Romanov family was murdered by Bolshevik assassins.
• You can still see the bullet marks on the wall.
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A New Nation
• With the Romanovs dead, and Lenin in power, a new Russia was born under the Communist flag.
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A New Nation
• The country’s new name became the U.S.S.R. for Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
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A New Nation
•Eventually, Lenin died in 1924. He had succeeded in establishing the first Communist government in the world.
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A New Nation•Lenin’s economic system was called the New Economic Policy.
•Like in China years later, people were forced to live and work in communes, and share all responsibility.
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Lenin’s Legacy
• Because Communist countries frown on religion, Lenin became the substitute for God.
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Lenin’s Legacy
• The people of Lenin’s Soviet Union had little freedom.
• They could not own property, believe in God, or say and publish their own ideas.
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The End of the Soviet Union
• The Soviet Union continued as Communist state until it collapsed in 1991.
• The history of Russia’s royal past and its last royal family was nearly forgotten.
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The Discovery• But when
Communism collapsed in Russia, people began to search for their past.
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The Discovery• In 1976, teams of
researchers uncovered the bones of the Romanov family.
• DNA evidence confirmed their identity.
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The Discovery• Every family
member was found and identified.
• They were given a Christian burial shortly after.
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Anastasia was rumored to have escaped execution.
Many romantic tales surrounded the possibility of the secrete existence of a Russian princess.
However, recent DNA testing has made the identification of Anastasia remains possible.
The youngest Russian princess died with the rest of her family.