russias childcare from a global perspective
TRANSCRIPT
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Russia:
Child Care from a GlobalPerspective
Presentation by: Sharon
Sabio, Niljen Quigaman,Nekeia Barclay, Douglas Joya,
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IntroductionSharon Overview of Russia
Kaitlin - Description of childcare
Nekeia History of childcareDouglas- Underlying philosophies
Niljen- Availability and Accessibility
Kaitlin- Training of childcare workers
Conclusion
Agenda
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Russian Federation
The world's largest country
It is a country in the Northern Eurasia(compromising Europe and Asia)
RUSSIA
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: Russian & 27 others co-official in variousregions
: 143 Million as of 2012 9th most
populated nation
: 17,075,400 square km (6.592.800 squaremiles)
: Russian Ruble
(1 Ruble = 0.0319 Canadian Dollar)
RUSSIA (cont)
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The largest and most populated 12million
residents
It is the country's major political,economic,
cultural and scientific center in Russia
andEurope
Moscow
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Federal Semi-presidentialConstitutional Republic
President is Vladimir Putin
Prime Minister is Dmitry Medvedev
Form of Government
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World's largest resources ofmineral and energyresources
Largest producer ofoil and natural gas globally
World's largest forest reserves Lakes contain1/4 of the world's largest fresh water
Facts About Russia
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Formal child care: In most regions, state run child care is most
common
Private preschools are on the rise.
Some child care facilities are funded by
enterprises, these centers often have morematerials and books available to the children.
Yasli- nursery school
Russias Childcare System
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Previously, child care curriculum focused on thedevelopment of health and physical education.
The government is currently implementing the
Rainbow Program which changed the focus to theChilds psychological development.
- creating a safe, comfortable envt
-preserving health of each child
-aiding the development of each child
Formerly teaching was more teacher directed,however with the introduction to the RainbowProgram, is now child more directed
Childcare Systemcurriculum
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There are special facilities for Children with specialneeds
Family is considered one of the most crucial factors
for a childs development and education similar toCanada's child care philosophies.
New programs are striving to introduce children totheir natural culture and renew the national history.
Childcare system
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More creativity promotion through the use of musicand art
Informal child care: babysitting by neighbors,family, friends or nannies.
Childcare system
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Russian preschools of the eighteenth to nineteenthcenturies mainly existed in the form of shelters andorphanages
Preschool and nurseries was first developed in 1871
The child-care workers had to convince women toplace their children in nurseries(day care) and(preschool)
The History of Childcare inRussia
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Childcare made it possible for women to attend theworkforce
The preschools used the Montessori approach in
1913
Some Pre-schools and nurseries were set up atschools and gymnasiums
The children spent 9-10 hours a day in theinstitutions learning how to read, write, count andlearn 2-3 foreign languages(German, English andFrench)
History of Russia Cont
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The preschools in Russia have to be licensed andaccredited as all the other educationalinstitutions
The network that Russia uses for its education isformed by the Ministry of Education
Previously marxist-lenisism philosophy was
followed, this was based on communistideologies.
Currently the Montessori approach is beingimplemented in most child care centers.
Russias underlyingphilosophy on childcare
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Detsky Sad (Kindergartens) Regulated by regionaland local authorities
PRE-SCHOOL The Ministry of Education and
Science regulates only a brief preparation programfor 5-6 year olds
Preschool is not compulsory
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AVAILABILITY AND
ACCESSABILITY
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WORKING MOTHERS & CHILDSUPPORT
The Russian system provided primary and kindergartenservice in urban areas to help working mothers to care fortheir young children in daytime
Women/pregnant women with child under 3 years of age
are strictly forbidden to work at night
There is a requirement of a three-year-paid maternity leavefor childcare.
Maternity leave based on the minimum wage rather thancurrent wage
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SINGLE MOTHERS
Single mothers with children with no support fromthe father may obtain additional 45 % of theminimum wage up to their childs sixth birthday.
Increased to 50 % and effective until child is 16
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BABYSITTING/NANNIES Often done by families, neighbours, friends
Nannies may do daily housework
Many are unregulated and Cheaper
Prices may vary:
Nanny (part-time) from 180 rub per hour
Nanny (live-in) from 30000 rub per month
-Expatica, Easy Expat
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ACCESSIBILITY : FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE
CHILD-CARE Territorial
Socio-economic inequality of families
Child Health
-Early Childhood Care and Education in the Russian Federation,
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TERRITORIAL (PLACE OF RESIDENCE)
73% lives in urban areas 80% of parents can take theirchild to Kindergartens
In rural areas, many children also attend kindergarten
where its located and the remainder live within 5 km away
Not all settlements in rural areas have a kindergarten
Bad roads and lack of suitable transportation
Percentages arejust the average
-Early Childhood Care and Education in the Russian Federation,
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SOCIO-ECONOMICINEQUALITY More accessible to high-income families
Above average-income families - moreopportunities to take them to lessons inprivate or official transport
The majority of services provided outside
kindergartens are paid for and this preventsaccess to them by low-income families.
-Early Childhood Care and Education in the Russian Federation,
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CHILDHEALTH
Specialized pre-school education availablefor children with disabilities
Range of ecological and socio-economicproblems weakening health of newborns,infants, pre-school age children
During pregnancy 40% mothers have poorbalanced diet
17% does not give up smoking
-Early Childhood Care and Education in the Russian Federation,
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Child care teachers often referred to as vospitateliwhich translates to up bringer and educator.
Education requirements of pre-school teachers
varies from incompletion of higher education tosecondary specialized education,
Education levels of teachers is constantly
increasing
Training of Child CareWorkers in Russia
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Training of Child CareWorkers
High standard of child care and low wages of the teacherscauses an increase in teaching load
In the late 80s, early 90s pre-school teachers were givenmore freedom in the programming and curriculum.
Continues to be a profession more commonly pursued bywomen
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There are 190 secondary pedagogical schools
To further education there are, 30 pedagogicalinstitutions of higher education
To become a manager you need to complete threeyears of training at a pedagogical institution ofhigher education
Training of Child CareWorkers
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Gargiulo, Richard M. , and Stephen B. Graves. "Early childhood education in threeEastern Europe countries ." Academic OneFile. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Nov. 2012..
Taratukhina,, M. S., Polyakova, M. N., Berezina, T. A., Notkina, N. A., Sheraizina, R. M.,
& Borovkov, M. I. (2006.). Early childhood care and education in the RussianFederation. unesco. Retrieved November 5, 2012, fromunesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001491/149142e.pdfhttp://www.expatica.ru//education/pre_school/Childcare-in-Moscow_17523.html
http://eng.mon.gov.ru/str/mon/mis/ (The ministry of education and science) 2004
http://www.guvernanto.ru/guvernanto-in-english
http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/eur.htm
Bibliography
http://eng.mon.gov.ru/str/mon/mis/http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/eur.htmhttp://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/eur.htmhttp://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/eur.htmhttp://eng.mon.gov.ru/str/mon/mis/