s mall b usiness, e ntrepreneurship, and f ranchises c hapter -05 dr. gehan shanmuganathan, (dba) 1
TRANSCRIPT
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SMALL BUSINESS, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, AND FRANCHISESCHAPTER-05
Dr. Gehan Shanmuganathan, (DBA)
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FRANCHISING FEEDS GROWTH OF FIVE GUYS BURGERS AND FRIES….
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FRANCHISING FEEDS GROWTH OF FIVE GUYS BURGERS AND FRIES….
Offer competitively priced generously sized
meals in a family-friendly atmosphere
Jerry and Janie Murrell started one outlet in
Arlington Virginia in 1986
In year 2002, they owned 300 franchised
restaurants in and around metropolitan DC
area
Today they have more than 600 franchised
restaurants in North America
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Define what a small business is and recognize the
fields in which small businesses are concentrated.
2. Identify the people who start small businesses
and the reasons why some succeed and many fail.
3. Assess the contributions of small businesses to
our economy.
4. Judge the advantages and disadvantages of
operating a small business.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES (CONT’D)
5. Explain how the Small Business
Administration helps small businesses.
6. Appraise the concept and types of
franchising.
7. Analyze the growth of franchising and the
advantages and
disadvantages of franchising.
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SMALL BUSINESS: A PROFILE
SMALL BUSINESS: A PROFILE
A business that is independently owned
and operated for profit and is not
dominant in its field SBA “smallness” guidelines-number of employees and size of the
turnover (in US 99.7% of all business considered small)
Industry group Size standard
Manufacturing, mining 500 employees
Whole sales trade 100 employees
Agriculture $ 750,000
Retail trade $ 7 Million
General and heavy construction
$ 33.5 Million
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ESTABLISHING A BUSINESS AROUND THE WORLD…..
Country # procedures
Time/ Days
Cost (US$) Min. Capital %
Australia 2 2 402 0
Belgium 7 56 2633 75.1
Canada 2 3 127 0
Denmark 4 4 0 52.3
France 10 53 663 32.1
Germany 9 45 1341 103.8
Greece 16 45 8115 145.3
Ireland 3 12 2473 0
Italy 9 23 4565 49.6
Japan 11 31 3518 71.3
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SMALL-BUSINESS SECTOR
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SMALL-BUSINESS SECTOR
In US, easy process to incorporate ($250 and four
days- name registration, tax ID, unemployment and
worker’s compensation insurance). Japan $3500, 31
days and 11 different procedures
There are about 29.6 million businesses in the US.
Only over 17000 of these employ more than 500
workers. During last decade small businesses in the
US increased by 49%
Two- third of new business survive at least two years
44 % survive at least four years
31 % survive at least seven years
INDUSTRIES THAT ATTRACT SMALL BUSINESSES Attractive small-business industry characteristics
Low investments
Some special skills
Knowledge
Industry categories where small businesses tend to
cluster
Distribution industries (33%) - retailing, wholesaling,
communication, and transportation
Service industries (48%) – dental care, watch, shoe
Production industries (19%)- construction, mining,
manufacturing
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THE PEOPLE IN SMALL BUSINESSES: THE ENTREPRENEURS
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THE PEOPLE IN SMALL BUSINESSES: THE ENTREPRENEURS
The entrepreneurial spirit is alive in the US
Study reveals that US population is quite entrepreneurial
when compared to other countries
More than 70% of Americans would prefer being an
entrepreneur to work for someone else
This compares with 46% of adults in Western Europe and
58% of adults in Canada
Another study reveals that United States was in the top
third in entrepreneurial activities and was a leader when
compared with Japan, Canada, and Western Europe
CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTREPRENEURS
Why people go into business for themselves
The “entrepreneurial spirit” (desire to create new business)
The desire for independence
The desire to determine one’s own destiny
The willingness to find and accept a challenge and risk
Family background
Age
“Had enough” of working for someone else
High-tech opportunities, especially for teens
Losing a job and deciding to start a business
An idea for a new product
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WOMEN AS SMALL-BUSINESS OWNERS
Women are 51% of the total US population and according to
the SBA, they owned at least 50% of all small business in 2008
Already own 66% of the home-based businesses in the country
9.1 million women-owned business in the United States provide
almost 27.5 million jobs and generate $ 3.6 trillion in sales
They have proven that they are successful: more than 40%
have been in business for 12 years or more
Generally women owned businesses are financially sound,
credit-worthy, older, better educated, and have more
managerial experience
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HOW OLD IS AN AVERAGE ENTREPRENEUR?
Under 20
20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 or Older
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
8
17
21
18
15
97
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WHY SOME ENTREPRENEURS AND SMALL BUSINESSES FAIL
Planning
Lack of capital and cash-flow problems
Lack of management skills
Overexpansion
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US BUSINESS START-UPS, CLOSURES, AND BANKRUPTCIES IN 2005- 2009
Year New Closure Bankruptcies
2009 N/A N/A 60840
2008 627200 595600 (94%) 43546 (6%)
2007 663100 571300 (86%) 28322 (4%)
2006 670058 599333 (89%) 19695 (2%)
2005 644122 565745 (87%) 39201 (6%)
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THE IMPORTANCE OF SMALL BUSINESSES IN OUR ECONOMY
THE IMPORTANCE OF SMALL BUSINESSES IN OUR ECONOMY
Providing technical innovation
Innovation and invention are part of our economy
Search for new ways to do “more with less”
Small firms employ 40% of all high-tech workers such
as engineers, and computer specialists
Small firms produce thirteen to fourteen times more
patents per employee than large patenting firms
THE IMPORTANCE OF SMALL BUSINESS IN OUR ECONOMY (CONT’D)
Providing employment
Small businesses create more new businesses
They provide 67% of workers with their first jobs and training
Providing competition
Challenge larger companies with high customer service
A combined competition makes a significant impact to large
organizations
Filling needs of society and other businesses
Small firms provide variety of goods and services to each
other and to much larger firms
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THE PROS AND CONS OF SMALLNESS
THE PRO AND CONS OF SMALLNESS
ADVANTAGES
Personal relationship
with customers
Ability to adapt to
change
Simplified record
keeping
Independence
DISADVANTAGES
Risk of failure
Limited potential
Limited ability to raise
capital
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DEVELOPING A BUSINESS PLAN
DEVELOPING A BUSINESS PLAN
Business plan
A carefully constructed guide for the person
starting a business
Three basic purposes of a business plan
Communication
Management
Planning
Accuracy and realistic expectations are crucial
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OVERALL PICTURE OF A BUSINESS PLAN
What exactly is the nature and mission of the
new venture?
Why is this new enterprise a good idea?
What are the businessperson’s goals?
How much will the new venture cost?
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COMPONENTS OF A BUSINESS PLAN
1. Introduction
2. Executive summary
3. Benefits to the community
4. Company and industry
5. Management team
6. Manufacturing and operations plan
7. Labor force
8. Marketing plan
9. Financial plan
10. Exit strategy- going public (who will take over)
11. Risk and assumptions
12. Appendix
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THE SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
THE SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (SBA) A government agency that assists, counsels, and
protects the interests of small business in the U.S
SBA management assistance
Management courses and workshops
Service corps of retired executives (SCORE)
Help for minority-owned small business
Small business institute
Small business publications
SBA financial assistance
Regular business loans
Small-business investment companies
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FRANCHISING
FRANCHISING
Franchise- a license to operate an individually
owned business as though it were part of a chain
of outlets or stores
Franchising- the actual granting of a franchise
Franchisor- an individual or organization granting
a franchise
Franchisee- a person or organization purchasing
a franchising
TYPES OF FRANCHISES
Manufacturer- passenger cars, farm products
Producer – soft drinks, fast food
Services- massage parlors, financial services
FRANCHISING (CONT’D)
The growth of franchising
Are franchises successful?
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GLOBAL FRANCHISED BRANDS
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INDUSTRY TRENDS AND FRANCHISE COMPANIES
Health consciousness - Subway
Increasing working women- KFC, McDonald
Aging populations – Ocean Medical
International
Cost consciousness – Wal-Mart
ADVANTAGES OF FRANCHISING
TO THE FRANCHISOR
Gains fast and well-controlled distribution at
low cost
Making the product accessible to clients
Larger coverage
TO THE FRANCHISEE
Opportunity start business with limited
capital
Make use of business experience of a major
player
Business guidance
Already established brand image
DISADVANTAGES OF FRANCHISING
TO THE FRANCHISOR
Time to closely monitor customer service
Contract disputes
TO THE FRANCHISEE
Greater deal of control from the franchisor
Contract disputes
Inability to manipulate the marketing mix
GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES IN SMALL BUSINESS
Growing interdependence of national and international
economies as trade barriers diminish
Instant communications shrinks distances and expands
business opportunities
The Internet is the favored strategy for growth for small
businesses
The SBA offers counseling on how and where to market
overseas
Small businesses must adapt to demographic and
economic changes in the world marketplace
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QUESTIONS……..
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WRITE FIVE KEY THINGS (AREAS) THAT YOU CAN CRITICALLY REMEMBER IN TODAY’S DISCUSSION
WHAT WE DISCUSSED……
1. Define what a small business is and recognize the
fields in which small businesses are concentrated.
2. Identify the people who start small businesses
and the reasons why some succeed and many fail.
3. Assess the contributions of small businesses to
our economy.
4. Judge the advantages and disadvantages of
operating a small business.
WHAT WE DISCUSSED…… CONT…
5. Explain how the Small Business
Administration helps small businesses.
6. Appraise the concept and types of
franchising.
7. Analyze the growth of franchising and the
advantages and
disadvantages of franchising.
WEEKLY ASSIGNMENT- 05
What are the major components of a
business plan? Why should an entrepreneur
develop a business plan? Discuss with
examples.