s.1.4 model for energy map calculation

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SUNSHINE - Smart UrbaN ServIces for Higher eNergy Efficiency (GA no: 325161)

D6.4 S1.4

The Model for Energy Map

Calculation„Building Energy Awareness”

http://ec.europa.eu/ict_psp

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1 - Problem analysis – laws

The scope of the model is to estimate energy performance of buildings (EP).

The model is based on European laws.Main laws are:EN 15217 indicates global indicators for the energy performance of whole building.EN 15603 indicates a general framework for the assessment of overall energy use.


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2 - Problem analysis - EP

In general, overall energy performance 𝐸𝑃𝑔𝑙 is calculated using the formula:

𝐸𝑃𝑔𝑙 = 𝐸𝑃𝑖 + 𝐸𝑃𝐷𝐻𝑊

where Qℎ = Qℎ,𝑙𝑠 - γℎ,𝑔𝑛Qℎ,𝑔𝑛

STEPS :1. Seasonal thermal energy

2. Annual Domestic Hot Water energy 3. For each terms calculate energy use in buildings referred to area.

𝐸𝑃𝑔𝑙 = 𝐸𝑃𝑖 + 𝐸𝑃𝐷𝐻𝑊 + 𝐸𝑃𝑒 + 𝐸𝑃𝑖𝑙𝑙

In our model:

𝐸𝑃 =(𝑄/𝐴𝑟𝑖𝑓)

η𝑠𝑦𝑠


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3 - Heating energy request Qh

- HDD is the Heating Degree Day. In general this value is calculated as accumulated differences between internal and external temperature.

Energy need for heating 𝑄ℎ is given by EN 13790 «Energy performance of buildings: Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling ».

𝑸𝒉 = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟐𝟒 ∙ 𝑯𝑫𝑫 ∙ (𝑯𝑻 +𝑯𝑽 ) - 𝒇𝒙 (𝑸𝒔+𝑸𝒊)

( 20 [°C] – 5,2 [°C] ) x 174 [d/a] = 2575 [Kd/a]

T ExternalT Internal Heating days Heating Degree Day

- Ht is the heat transfer coefficient by transmission.

- Hv is the heat transfer coefficient by ventilation.

𝑯𝑽 = 𝟎, 𝟑𝟒 ∙ 𝒏 ∙ 𝑽

Where V is volume of building and n the ventilation rate.

𝑯𝑻 = (𝑨𝒆𝒏𝒗,𝒊 ∙ 𝑼𝒊 ∙ 𝒃𝒕𝒓,𝒊 ) + 𝚫𝑼𝒕𝒃 ∙ ( 𝑨𝒆𝒏𝒗,𝒊)


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- Qs is the solar heat load during heating season.For example:

Qs = ( 0,9 x 0,75 ) x 𝐀𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 x I

Nonperpendicular

Solar energy transmittance

Energy need for heating 𝑄ℎ is given by EN 13790 «Energy performance of buildings: Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling ».


Areawindow

- Qi is the internal heat sources.

Irradiation

- fx is the gain utilization factor for heating.

𝑸𝑰 = ( 𝜽𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝐱 𝐀𝒇𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝐱 𝒉 ) ∶ 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

Internal heat sources

per unit area AreaHeatinghours

fx = 0,95


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Geometric values

Si (Envelope element area)

𝐀𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 (Window area)

Volume

Afloor (Area)

Thermal values

Ui (U-value)

𝚫𝑼𝒕𝒃 (Thermal bridge)

Climatic Data

I (Irradiation)

T External

Heating days

The model need several parameter for each building.

How to

calculate them ?


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Buildings characteristics with age after 1900: data are estimated by TABULA project.

By Tabula are estimated also climatic data.

Some geometric values (such as external perimeter and floor area)are estimated by geometric shape file.

Window area and thermal proprieties depend on buildings age, typologies and region.


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Buildings characteristics with age before 1900: data from historical analysis of Ferrara University.

From wall material (stone or brick) and average width of one building type, it is possible calculate wall width for each building.

So we can calculate Heating energy request Qh

Some geometric values (such as external perimeter and floor area)are estimated by geometric shape file.

Window area and thermal proprieties depend on buildings age, typologies and region.


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4 – Domestic Hot Water

𝐐𝑫𝑯𝑾 = ( 𝟏, 𝟏𝟔𝟐 x 𝑽𝑾 x ( 𝜽𝑯 − 𝜽𝑪 ) x 𝟑𝟔𝟓

VolumeDHW

Energy need for domestic hot water 𝑄𝐷𝐻𝑊 is given by EN 15316 series:“Heating systems in buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies”

temperature hot water

Daystemperature

inlet

Where:

• Volume DHW is calculated directly on floor area [ l / day ]

• Temperature hot water is 40 °C

• Temperature inlet water is 15 °C

𝑽𝑾 = a x 𝑨𝒇𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓


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The energy model validation requires some considerations:

• Not all energy certifications are based on the entire building;

• Building age in the model isn’t always as real age;

• We don’t know real refurbishment.

5 – Validation - Trento

Difference between EPi – building with similar S/V


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User can choose the location of the plan

Use variable (with value 0 or 1) for the control of dispersant surfaces

The energy model validation requires some considerations:

• Not all energy certifications are based on the entire building

6 – Use


𝑯𝑻 = (𝜶𝒊 ∙ 𝑨𝒆𝒏𝒗,𝒊 ∙ 𝑼𝒊 ∙ 𝒃𝒕𝒓,𝒊 ) + 𝚫𝑼𝒕𝒃 ∙ (𝜶𝒊 ∙ 𝑨𝒆𝒏𝒗,𝒊)

• Building age in the model isn’t always as real age• We don’t know real refurbishment

User can choose the data for simulation


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Credits

For more training material and courses visit http://www.sunshineproject.eu/solutions/trainingor contact us directly at [email protected]

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Thank you!

Marco Berti

Fondazione Graphitech

[email protected]


http://www.sunshineproject.eu/solutions/training

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

s.1.4 model for energy map calculation

Technology