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Fundamentals of Management – Midterm- August-September
Name_______________________Date____________ TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
1)
Part of what defines an organization is its purpose.
1)
_______
2)
All organizations have a structure that in some ways serves to define and limit the behavior of members of the organization.
2)
_______
3)
A manager does not work directly on tasks for the organization.
3)
_______
4)
Supervisors and team leaders may both be considered first-line managers.
4)
_______
5)
Effectiveness refers to the relationship between inputs and outputs.
5)
_______
6)
A goal of efficiency is to minimize output costs while maximizing input costs.
6)
_______
7)
Effectiveness refers to the attainment of the organization's goals.
7)
_______
8)
The four contemporary management processes are planning, organizing, leading, and commanding.
8)
_______
9)
Most people who study management think that Fayol's categories are more useful than Mintzberg's.
9)
_______
10)
Today's managers are just as likely to be women as they are men.
10)
______
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
11)
Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding managers in today's world?
11)
______ A)
Managers are found almost exclusively in large corporations that have more than 500 employees. B)
Managers are found almost exclusively in for-profit organizations. C)
There is greater variety of managers with respect to age, ethnicity, and gender than ever before. D)
More than half of today’s managers are women.
12)
Under which category would you classify skill in motivating subordinates?
12)
______ A)
conceptual skills
B)
technical skills C)
political skills
D)
interpersonal skills
13)
A manager interested in how changing demographics can affect markets could benefit from topics taught in a(n) ________ course.
13)
______ A)
psychology
B)
anthropology
C)
economics
D)
sociology
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 14)
In a short essay, discuss the difference between efficiency and effectiveness.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
15)
Why might a manager for a non-profit organization seem as concerned with her organization's financial well-being as a for-profit manager?
15)
______ A)
Non-profit managers try to give the illusion that they care about the "bottom line." B)
Many not-for-profit organizations have tight budgets and must be very efficient. C)
Non-profit managers are evaluated on financial performance only. D)
Non-profit organizations have an obligation to turn a profit.
16)
Understanding building codes would be considered a(n) ________ skill for a building contractor.
16)
______ A)
conceptual
B)
political
C)
interpersonal
D)
technical
17)
According to Katz, the four critical managerial skills can be classified as ________.
17)
______ A)
technical, interpersonal, political, and controlling B)
technical, political, interpersonal, and conceptual C)
interpersonal, political, empirical, and technical D)
technical, political, conceptual, and empirical
18)
Today, the basic management functions are considered to be ________.
18)
______ A)
commanding, organizing, leading, and decision making B)
planning, coordinating, leading, and monitoring C)
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling D)
planning, organizing, leading, and motivating
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 19)
In a short essay, list and explain the four basic functions of management.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
20)
The "father" of scientific management was ________.
20)
______ A)
Robert L. Katz
B)
Henry Mintzberg C)
Henri Fayol
D)
Frederick Winslow Taylor
21)
Good management strives for ________.
21)
______ A)
moderate efficiency and moderate effectiveness B)
high efficiency and high effectiveness C)
low efficiency and high effectiveness D)
high efficiency and low effectiveness
22)
All levels of management between the supervisory level and the top level of the organization are termed ________.
22)
______ A)
supervisors
B)
middle managers C)
first-line managers
D)
team leaders
23)
Efficiency refers to ________.
23)
______ A)
decreasing inputs only B)
the inverse relationship between inputs and outputs C)
the relationship between inputs and outputs D)
the additive relationship between inputs and outputs
24)
Another term for effectiveness is ________.
24)
______ A)
doing things right
B)
doing things intelligently C)
doing the right things
D)
doing things when necessary
25)
Which of the following levels of management is associated with positions such as executive vice president, chief operating officer, chief executive officer, and chairperson of the board?
25)
______ A)
first-line managers
B)
top managers C)
team leaders
D)
middle managers
26)
Which of the following is a member of the lowest level of management?
26)
______ A)
a nonmanagerial employee B)
a middle manager C)
a vice president D)
an individual involved in defining the organization’s philosophy
27)
Which of the following types of managers is responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization?
27)
______ A)
team leader
B)
project leader C)
top manager
D)
department head
28)
Supervisor is another name for which of the following?
28)
______ A)
team leader
B)
top manager C)
middle manager
D)
first-line manager
29)
An organization is ________.
29)
______ A)
a group of individuals focused on profit-making for their shareholders B)
any collection of people who all perform similar tasks C)
a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose D)
the physical location where people work
30)
The primary job of a manager is to ________.
30)
______ A)
make decisions that help an organization grow B)
tackle tasks that are too difficult for nonmanagerial employees C)
direct and oversee the work of others D)
coordinate between organization leaders and ordinary employees
31)
A fraternity is an example of an organization because it is comprised of people who ________.
31)
______ A)
share the same goals and values B)
function under the same set of rules and regulations C)
share goals and function within a common structure D)
share the same values, traditions, and customs
32)
All organizations have ________ which define(s) the organization's purpose and reason for existing.
32)
______ A)
limits
B)
structure
C)
rules
D)
goals
33)
Globalization can be best characterized as a business climate in which there are ________.
33)
______ A)
no international boundaries
B)
rigid rules and standards C)
rigid international boundaries
D)
no rules or standards
34)
Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of a global organization?
34)
______ A)
uses resources from other countries B)
has a home country in which all decisions are made and all profits flow C)
employs high-level technical employees and managerial talent from other countries D)
exchanges goods and services with consumers in other countries
35)
A multinational corporation (MNC) ________.
35)
______ A)
is defined as a company that has its home base in the United States and various operations overseas B)
includes any company that exports goods overseas C)
is defined as any company that has no "home base" D)
is any organization that maintains operations in more than one country
36)
A global corporation ________.
36)
______ A)
centralizes management in a single home country B)
has two main management locations located on different sides of the globe C)
decentralizes management so there is no single home location D)
decentralizes management so that each local country's operation is managed locally
37)
Which of the following would NOT be called an "American company"?
37)
______ A)
a multidomestic with a home base in Memphis, Tennessee B)
a global corporation that originated in Dallas, Texas and has operations in 12 countries C)
a global corporation that began in Japan but has since relocated and now has its sole headquarters in Chicago
D)
a transnational that originated in New York City with operations in 6 countries
38)
A Coca-Cola bottling plant in Bolivia is wholly owned by a local businessperson. What kind of venture is this plant likely to be?
38)
______ A)
a foreign subsidiary
B)
a franchise C)
a joint venture
D)
a licensed plant
39)
Joint ventures are a type of ________.
39)
______ A)
strategic alliance
B)
foreign subsidiary C)
license
D)
franchise
40)
Which of the following would NOT be an example of green management?
40)
______ A)
a company using wind energy for electricity B)
a company rewarding workers to carpool C)
a company shipping in expensive all-natural fruits for employees all year round D)
a company using reusable rather than disposable containers
41)
The cases of Enron and Bernard Madoff go beyond a question of ethics because in both cases ________.
41)
______ A)
laws were clearly broken B)
no harm was intended and they had good reasons for what they did C)
billions of dollars were involved D)
many people were hurt
42)
Which of the following dimensions from the GLOBE framework has no equivalent counterpart in Hofstede's framework?
42)
______ A)
humane orientation
B)
future orientation C)
gender differentiation
D)
individualism/collectivism
43)
Which choice constitutes the typical first step for an organization that is "going global"?
43)
______ A)
strategic alliance
B)
franchising C)
licensing
D)
outsourcing
44)
Franchising is used widely by ________.
44)
______ A)
restaurant chains
B)
accounting firms C)
universities
D)
electric power companies
45)
The classical view of social responsibility is that a for-profit organization's responsibility is ________.
45)
______ A)
to maximize both profits and the general welfare B)
to maximize opportunity for all C)
to help as many people as possible D)
to maximize profits only
46)
The socioeconomic view is that management's social responsibility goes beyond making profits to include ________.
46)
______ A)
sacrificing its own welfare to advance the cause of justice B)
protecting and improving society's welfare C)
prosecuting those who break the law D)
challenging norms within society and inciting people to rise up against injustice
47)
________ dictates that being socially responsible is the "right thing to do."
47)
______ A)
A public expectation
B)
An ethical obligation C)
A public image
D)
A dilution of purpose
48)
Which of the following is a basic definition of ethics?
48)
______ A)
rules that define good and evil B)
laws that define legal and illegal C)
principles that define standards of decency D)
principles that define right and wrong
49)
Which of the following is a category of workforce diversity?
49)
______ A)
computer skills
B)
education level
C)
age
D)
style of dress
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 50)
In a short essay, list and explain five of Hofstede's dimensions of national culture.
51)
In a short essay, explain the paradox of diversity in an organization.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
52)
________ make(s) some managers feel that there is no escape from issues dealing with their work.
52)
______ A)
Being a single wage earner
B)
Rigid 8-hour work days C)
Email, text messages, and cell phones
D)
Ethical obligations
53)
A(n) ________ view of ethics states that more productive workers should get more pay, and less productive workers less pay, regardless of other circumstances.
53)
______ A)
utilitarian
B)
rights C)
theory of justice
D)
individual liberties
54)
In most cases, organizations that have managers who behave ethically tend to have ________.
54)
______ A)
less ethical employees B)
more ethical employees C)
employees who are no more or less ethical than average D)
more productive employees
55)
When a company does the minimum that the law requires, it is meeting its ________.
55)
______ A)
social obligation
B)
social responsiveness goal C)
ethical responsibility
D)
economic responsibility
56)
What is a heuristic?
56)
______ A)
a purely intuitive method of decision making B)
a shortcut or rule of thumb that is used for decision making C)
a complicated and systematic method of decision making D)
a totally unreliable method of decision making
57)
Maximizing value for an organization means making sure that ________.
57)
______ A)
the decision is as simple as possible B)
the best interests of the organization are addressed C)
the organization makes money D)
the decision made is as rational as possible
58)
A judge consults guidelines before handing down an award for damages in a legal case. What kind of decision making is she doing?
58)
______ A)
following a policy
B)
programmed C)
following a rule
D)
following a procedure
59)
Which of the following is NOT a type of programmed decision?
59)
______ A)
rule
B)
systematic procedure C)
brainstorm
D)
policy
60)
Which of the following is an example of an unstructured problem?
60)
______ A)
comparing gas mileage for different car models B)
measuring pollution levels in a power plant C)
choosing the best wardrobe for an executive D)
finding the list price of different copy machines
61)
Structured problems are ________.
61)
______ A)
ambiguous
B)
incomplete C)
undefined and vague
D)
clear and straightforward
62)
Which of the following is the best definition for the word satisfice?
62)
______ A)
not sufficient
B)
requires a perfect solution C)
accepts a less than perfect solution
D)
very satisfying
63)
Unstructured problems are ________.
63)
______ A)
situations in which all options are not known B)
perfectly rational C)
clear and straightforward D)
situations in which all options are known
64)
Which three conditions do decision makers face?
64)
______ A)
risk, high risk, low risk
B)
certainty, risk, high risk C)
certainty, risk, uncertainty
D)
certainty, uncertainty, confidence
65)
Emotions and feelings ________ decision making.
65)
______ A)
have no effect on B)
are more important than facts and logic in C)
decrease performance in D)
can improve
66)
Top managers in an organization tend to ________.
66)
______ A)
solve structured problems
B)
solve well-defined problems C)
make nonprogrammed decisions
D)
make programmed decisions
67)
________ is a situation in which a decision maker has only incomplete information about outcomes and does not have ability to reasonably estimate outcomes that are not known.
67)
______ A)
Risk
B)
Certainty
C)
Uncertainty
D)
High certainty
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 68)
In a short essay, identify and explain the advantages and disadvantages to group decision making.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
69)
________ helps people find better solutions to problems using innovative problem-solving methods.
69)
______ A)
Organization
B)
Creativity
C)
Structure
D)
Planning
70)
Which of the following group techniques allows group members to meet together, but at the same time facilitates independent decision making?
70)
______ A)
small meetings of less than 10 individuals
B)
brainstorming C)
large meetings of over 50 individuals
D)
nominal group technique
71)
If a car buyer knows the inventory dealer price of the same car at different dealerships, he or she is operating under what type of decision-making condition?
71)
______ A)
uncertainty
B)
risk
C)
factual
D)
certainty
72)
A manager is considering purchasing new computers for her department. The manager spends time assessing the computers her department now has. Which stage of the decision-making process is she going through?
72)
______ A)
identification of a problem
B)
development of alternatives C)
identification of decision criteria
D)
implementation of an alternative
73)
Which of the following is NOT a function of planning?
73)
______ A)
settling disputes between employees
B)
coordinating organizational activities C)
identifying a strategy for attaining goals
D)
defining goals
74)
In informal planning, goals are usually ________ shared with others in the organization.
74)
______ A)
written and much is
B)
unwritten, but much is C)
written, but little is
D)
unwritten and little is
75)
Formal planning typically leads to which of the following?
75)
______ A)
tension between different management levels B)
higher profits C)
higher sales, but lower profits D)
lower productivity
76)
Informal planning is ________.
76)
______ A)
more specific than formal planning B)
performed exclusively by middle managers C)
always performed at the lowest organizational level D)
general and usually lacks continuity
77)
An internal analysis, the third step of the strategic management process, helps identify ________.
77)
______ A)
opportunities and threats
B)
resources and capabilities C)
values and philosophy
D)
opportunities and possibilities
78)
When Google purchased YouTube, a company that featured different, but related products, Google was engaging in which of the following?
78)
______ A)
backward vertical integration
B)
concentration C)
forward vertical integration
D)
diversification
79)
A mission statement does NOT include which of the following?
79)
______ A)
strategy for success B)
the company's basic beliefs C)
why the company is in business and what it hopes to accomplish D)
the customers of a company
80)
Growth strategies include ________.
80)
______ A)
diversification, concentration, integration, stabilization B)
integration, allocation, horizontal diversification, vertical diversification C)
vertical integration, horizontal integration, lateral integration, horizontal concentration D)
vertical integration, horizontal integration, concentration, diversification
81)
A corporate strategy focuses primarily on ________.
81)
______ A)
an organization's mission
B)
an organization's people C)
an organization's weaknesses
D)
an organization's strengths
82)
An external analysis, the second step of the strategic management process, helps identify ________.
82)
______ A)
a company's opportunities and threats
B)
the products that a company makes C)
a company's concern for its employees
D)
the long-term goals for a company
83)
SWOT analysis identifies and analyzes an organization's ________.
83)
______ A)
strategy for competing in the market B)
long-term goals C)
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats D)
human resource assets
84)
In formal planning, ________.
84)
______ A)
specific goals covering a period of years are defined B)
very broad general goals are developed C)
to maximize flexibility, specific goals are never spelled out D)
goals may be written or unwritten
85)
A differentiation strategy ________.
85)
______ A)
must focus on price
B)
usually focuses on price C)
can focus on a brand image
D)
can focus on value, but not service