SAFE CONNECT 2012Moving ahead in Industrial Safety

Unsafe Act : Operating without authority Bypassing safety devices Use of unsafe tools/tackles Unsafe loading & placing Taking unsafe procedure Working on moving

machinery/equipment

Unguarded machines Defective machine Unsafe design/construction Improper illumination Poor house-keeping Lack of proper tools Slippery floors Lack of proper training

Example: A Garden Hose

Water Moves from High Pressure

To Low Pressure

Flow of

Water

The same thing occurs in an Electrical Wire

Current Moves from High Voltage

To Low Voltage

Flow of Current

Note: Ground circuits provide a path for stray current to pass directly to the ground, and greatly reduce the amount of current passing through the body of a person in contact with a tool or machine that has an electrical short. Properly installed, the grounding conductor provides protection from electric shock.

Electricity travels in closed circuits, normally through Electricity travels in closed circuits, normally through a a conductorconductorShock results when the body becomes part of the Shock results when the body becomes part of the electrical circuitelectrical circuitCurrent enters the body at one point and leaves at Current enters the body at one point and leaves at anotheranother

Current(Amps)

Human Reaction

0.001 Perception level. Just a faint tingle.

0.005 Slight shock felt; not painful but disturbing. Average individual can let go.

0.006-0.025(Women)

Painful shock, muscular control is lost.

0.009-0.030 (Men)

This is called the freezing current or "let-go" range.

0.050-0.150 Extreme pain, respiratory arrest, severe muscular contractions.

1 - 4.3 Ventricular fibrillation.

10 Cardiac arrest, severe burns and probable death.

Note: some smaller microwave ovens use 10.0 Amps (10,000 milliamps) and common florescent lights use 1 Amp (1,000 milliamps)

The most common shock-related injury is a burn. Burns suffered in electrical incidents may be one or more of the following three types:

• Electrical Burns cause tissue damage, and are the result of heat generated by the flow of electric current through the body. Electrical burns are one of the most serious injuries you can receive and need to receive immediate medical attention.

• High temperatures near the body produced by an electric arc or explosion cause Arc or Flash Burns (also need prompt medical attention)

• Thermal Contact Burns occur when skin comes in contact with overheated electric equipment, or when clothing is ignited in an electrical incident.

Our bodies use small electrical currents to transmit Our bodies use small electrical currents to transmit signals through signals through the nervous system and contract the nervous system and contract muscles,muscles, Extra electrical current flowing through the body can Extra electrical current flowing through the body can cause cause serious damage.serious damage.Medical problems can include internal bleeding, tissue Medical problems can include internal bleeding, tissue destruction, destruction, and nerve or muscle damage.and nerve or muscle damage.Internal injuries may not be immediately apparent to the Internal injuries may not be immediately apparent to the victim or victim or observers; however, left untreated, they can observers; however, left untreated, they can result in deathresult in death

Muscles violently contract when stimulated by excessive Muscles violently contract when stimulated by excessive amounts amounts of electricityof electricity

These involuntary contractions can damage muscles, These involuntary contractions can damage muscles, tendons, and tendons, and ligaments, and may even cause broken ligaments, and may even cause broken bones. bones.

If victim is holding an electrocuting object, hand muscle If victim is holding an electrocuting object, hand muscle may contract, making it impossible to drop objectmay contract, making it impossible to drop objectNote: injury or death may result from a fall due to muscle contractions.

Meaning of Safety : state or condition of freedom from danger or risk

Freedom of persons from injury and property from damage

Electricity a good servant but a very bad master.

May cause instantaneous death, life long disability due to severe burns or devastating fire

Basic Legal Framework pre-2003: (i)Indian Electricity Act, 1910, (ii)Electricity(Supply) Act ,1948 (iii) Electricity Regulatory

Commissions Act, 1998 Need for harmonizing &

rationalizing these three Acts into a self-contained comprehansive legislation

Indian Electricity Act,2003 :Intent To consolidate the laws relating to

generation, transmission, disribution,trading and use of electricity

Measures conducive for dev of power Industry & promote competition

Protecting interest of consumers Rationalization of tariff

Section 53: CEA in consultation with State Govt will specify measures :

Protecting the public (including persons engaged in GTD ) from dangers arising from GTD, installation, maintenance

Eliminating or reducing risks of personal injury or damage to property

Conforming to specification in supply/transmission

Notice in case of accidents to Statutory Authrities

Section 73(c ) : safety requirements for construction, O&M of power plants & lines.

Section 161 :reporting of accidents and inquiry thereof

Section 185(2) (C ): I.E.Rules,1956 shall continue to be in force till regulation under Sec 53 of this Act are made.

Basic principle of safety at every installation phases :

Design/manufacture components, equipment

Construction, Installation & commissioning

O&M Rule 44 : Instructions –

restoration of persons suffering from electrical shock

Rule 44-A: Intimation of Accident : Accident to human being/animal to be reported within 24 hours

Written report within 48 hours to the Electrical Inspector and Collector & DM.

Sec 3:Employer’s liability to pay compensation to employees who has sustained injury arising in course of or out of employment as per the statutory provisions

Eligibility : is the injured person an employee?

Whether the emp was disabled( total or partial) for more than 72 hours

Injury in course or out of employment

Quantum of Comp : Death : 50% of the wages x

multiplying factor or Rs 1.20 lakhs whichever is higher

Permanent total disablement : 60% of wages x the multiplying factor or Rs 1.40 lakhs whichever is higher

Permanent partial disablement : % loss of earning capacity

Sec-8:Distribution of Comp: Comp amount as per provision to be deposited with Empl Comp Commissioner , ALC/DLC/JLC, within one month from when it is due.

Sec 10-A: Info on fatal accident : Information in the prescribed form to Comp Commissioner and Factory Inspector under the Factories Act 1948

Handle Electircity with

Care &

Caution