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Safety Notes

01. What is Work Method Statement?

Ans, A document showing the various methods through which a particular job is being carried out. It also provides a section for the safety measures for activities.

02. What is the use of work method Statement?

Ans,WMS describes the method in which a particular job is to be done. This can give complete awareness to the working crew. A JSA can be prepared based on the WMS. In fact, it helps to finish the job safely.

03. What is JSA and what is its use?

Ans, Job Safety Analysis, It is prepared after analyzing the different steps of a particular work and the hazards involved in those different stages. It recommends the necessary precautions to be taken to complete the job safely.

04. What is Work Permit?

Ans,A written document authorizing a person or a group to perform maintenance, inspection or construction work.

05. What is a Confined Space?

Ans, Any space, having limited means of access and egress, and which could be subject to the hazards of Oxygen deficiency or the accumulation of poisonous or flammable gases or dusts.

06. In what circumstances a Confined Space Work Permit can be issued?

Ans, Gas test is done and the result is favorable. Experienced working crew. Trained Entry-Watch with Entry Log Sheet. Effective Emergency Evacuation Plan 07. Who is a Confined Space Watch-Man? / entry attendant/hole watch man

Ans, The trained person who stands outside the entrance of the confined space with the Entry Log Sheet and records the details of the entrants. He always keeps communication with the entrants. In an emergency, he will call for assistance.

08. What are the Hazards in a Confined Space?

Ans,Limited access/egress, limited visibility, oxygen deficiency, presence of toxic or flammable gases or mixtures, dust and fall hazards.

09. What are the duties of a Confined Space Attendant?

Ans, Stay outside the entrance of the confined space. Record the details of the entrants such as name, trade, ID number, Time going in, time coming out, etc. Keep communication with the entrants. Call for rescue in an emergency.

010. Give some Examples of a Confined Space?

Ans, Tanks, Vessels, Ducts, Silos.

011. Name on Hazardous Job inside a Confined Space?

Ans,Hot Works.

012. Who is Competent Person?

Ans,A person who, Because of qualification and experience, has the necessary skills and so is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards that can be dangerous to people, property or environment. This person is authorized to take prompt corrective actions to eliminate the recognized unsafe conditions.

013. What is an Accident?

Ans,An unwanted and undesired occurrence resulted in injury to people or damage to property or environment.

014. What is a near-miss?

Ans, An unwanted or undesired occurrence has the potential to give injury to people or damage to property or environment.

015. Who makes an Accident Report?

Ans, The work Supervisor.

016. What is Waste Management?

Ans, The collection, segregation and disposal of various waste materials according to the rules and regulations of the authorities.

017. What is MSDS?

Ans, Material Safety Data Sheet It is issued by the manufacturer of a hazardous substance along with the material. It shows all details regarding that material, including related to health hazards and their precautions.

018. What is an Isotope?

Ans, Two or more forms of the same element having same atomic numbers but with different atomic weights.

019. What is Radioactivity?

Ans, The spontaneous emission of radiation by atomic nuclei resulting in their disintegration is called Radioactivity.

020. What is the unit for measuring radiation?

Ans, Sievert (SV) Roentgen.

021. In what conditions a Work Permit can be issued for Radiography?

Ans, Valid documents for the source, certified radiographer, trained crew, barricading, and sign boards placed, properly using radiation monitors and area evacuated.

022. What are the safety measures to be taken while doing radiography?

Ans, Authorized and trained crew, proper PPEs, use radiation monitors including Film Badge, Barricading, Sign Boards, and Warning lights and monitoring the observed area.

023. What is a Controlled Area?

Ans, An area cordoned and posted prior to exposing a sealed source or starting up an X-ray machine, where at the periphery the pre-calculated radiation dose shall not exceed 0.75 mR averaged over any on hour.

024. What is a Geiger Meter?

Ans, Equipment for monitoring radiation.

025. What is the use of a film Badge?

Ans, After exposure, can be analyzed to find the amount of radiation to which the person is exposed.

026. What is a Decay Chart?

Ans, The Chart showing the rate of decomposition of a radioactive element over a period of time.

027. Who is an Authorized Exposed Person?

Ans, Authorized Radiographer.

028. What are the requirements for a Man-Basket?

Ans, Valid third party certification, SWL marked on the side and tag-line.

029. Who inspect the slings?

Ans, A competent person such as a rigging supervisor.

030. What is Working Radius?

Ans, The distance from the center pin of the crane to the center of gravity of the load.

031. What is SWL?

Ans, Safe Working Load.

032. What is a lifting Plan?

Ans, The document describing the plan for a safe lifting. It shows the details of the crane to be used, lifting tackles to be used, details of the load, details of crane set-up, lifting steps, etc.

033. What is an Excavation?

Ans, Any work done by breaking the surface of the earth by using hand tools or by machines.

034. What is a trench?

Ans, A trench is an excavation. But the depth is greater than the width; but not greater than 15 feet at the base.

035. What is Shorting?

Ans, The safety measure adapted to avoid eave-ins by providing wooden planks or metal sheet plates at the side of the excavation with hydraulic or screw jacks.

036. What are the classes of fire and what types of Extinguishers are used for them?

Ans,A- Class for ordinary combustible materials like wood, paper, cloth, etc. B- Class for combustible liquids or gases like petrol, thinner, etc. C- Class for electrical fire. DCP, and use All Kind of fire. DCP extinguishers are used for A, B, and C. DCP and Carbon dioxide extinguishers are used for C. 037. What are the responsibilities of a fire watch?

Ans, Wear visible vest, stay alert at the job area. Identify any fire hazards, inspect and arrange fire fighting equipments properly and know how to use them in an emergency. If any unsafe conditions arise, stop the job.

038. What is Color Coding System?

Ans, All tools and equipments are inspected periodically by concerned competent persons and color coded accordingly.

039. Who can apply a color cod?

Ans, A competent person after inspection.

040. What is the maximum distance between two adjacent accesses in a long excavation?

Ans, 20 Meters.

041. When is an excavation considered as a confined space?

Ans, If the depth is more then 1.2 meters.

042. Who can erect scaffolding?

Ans. Qualified Scaffolders.

043. Who can inspect the components used for erecting a scaffold?

Ans, Qualified Scaffolders.

044. What is Tag System?

Ans, Tag is applied a scaffoldings. They are of three colors Red, Yellow and Green. Red means do not use the scaffolding only use Scaffolders, Yellow Means the scaffolding is not complete. Use full body harness, Green, means safe scaffold for work.

045. Who can place a scaffold tag?

Ans, Scaffolding Supervisor.

046. What are the details in a scaffold tag?

Ans, Location, date of erection, request no., SWL name and signature of the inspected scaffolding supervisor and columns for future inspection.

047. What is the minimum overlapping of two adjacent planks in a scaffold platform?

Ans, 30 cms.

048. What is a Guard-rail system?

Ans, Guard-rail system consists of top rail, mind rail and toe-board.

049. What is a Toe-board?

Ans, The plank or metal sheet kept vertical to the platform at a minimum height of 4 inches in order to avoid materials from falling down and to protect personnel.

050. What is the minimum height of a toe-board?

Ans, 4 inches.

051. What is the height of the top-rail from the platform?

Ans, 0.95 to 1.15 m.

052. What is the minimum width required for a walk-way?

Ans, 27 inches or three planks.

053. What materials can be placed on a scaffold platform?

Ans, Only the tools of the working crew; but should not exceed the SWL.

054. What are the requirements for working on a mobile scaffold?

Ans, Inspected and tagged, the wheels must be locked, no overloading, personnel properly hooked and no travelling.

055. When should we inspect a scaffold?

Ans, Weekly

056. With what color a ladder can be painted?

Ans, Ladder should not be painted.

057. What is a life-line?

Ans, Where ever no other fall arrest systems are feasible, life lines can be provided with wire ropes. The life lines should be able to support a minimum of 5000 pounds per person hooking.

058. How can we calculate the safe anchorage of life-line?

Ans, 5000 pounds per hooking person.

059. What are the following:

Ans, STARRT Safety Task Analysis Risk Reduction Talk.COSHH -Control of substances Hazardous to Health.OSHA -Occupational Safety and Health Administration.ELCB -Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker.GFCI -Ground fault Circuit Interrupter.SWL -Safe Work Load.LTI -Lost Time Injury.LTIFR -Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate.FA -Fast Aid.FAFR -Fast Aid frequency Rate.RWC -Restricted Work Case.RWCFR -Restricted Work Case Frequency Rate.

060. What is a Toolbox Meeting?

Ans, A communication session between the work supervisor and his crew regarding the work activities they have to perform in order to help in completing the work in a safe manner.

061. What is an Emergency evacuation plan?

Ans, The plan describing the method of evacuation done in an emergency.

062. What is Hydro testing?

Ans, The pressure test done in pipe, vessels, etc. by filling with water and giving pressure in order to find any defects related to leakage.

063. What is hypot-test?

Ans, The test done in cables at high voltage in order to check the voltage holding capacity cable.

064. What are the safety requirements for doing hot work?

Ans, Hot work permit, fire blanket, fire watch man should be available, complete PPEs, Face Sheet, etc.

065. What are the benefits of near-miss reporting?

Ans, Make possible to analyze the incidents. Fine the root cause, develop remedial measures and implement them.

066. What is Risk Assessment?

Ans, The document prepared before starting the job for assessing the risks involved in the various steps of a particular job and to find the necessary remedial measures.

067. What is the emergency evacuation procedure to follow in the event of a gas release?

Ans, Stop all activities, shut down all equipments, move out of the working area in an orderly way, check the direction of the wind sock and move a cross wind way to the nearest assembly point and wait there until heard-count is done and further instructions are given.

068. What is a muster point?

Ans, The assembly point where to assemble in an emergency evacuation.

069. What is meant by head-counting? What is its purpose?

Ans, After evacuating to the Assembly point, the supervisors will make a count for their employees according to that days attendance register. It helps to find if any body is missing.

070. What is heat-stroke? What are the different stages through which a person can undergo before be gets heat-stroke?

Ans, It is caused by dehydration of the body. It is reached through the stages of heat cramps and heat exhaustion.

071. What is an Aerial Device?

Ans, Any vehicle-mounted device, telescoping or articulating, or both, which is used to position personnel.

072. Who is an affected employee?

Ans, Employee whose job requires the operation or use of machinery or equipment on which servicing or maintenance is being performed under lock-out or tag-out or whose job requires work in an area in which such servicing or maintenance is being performed.

073. What are the details included in a PTW?

Ans, Permit to work formats vary for each task covered, but most have common points, which include:-

A unique permit number. The contract name or number. Date and time of issue. Duration of the permit to work. Identification of the precise work location. Description of the hazard, foreseeable risks. List of the precautionary measures to be taken. Testing and proving procedures. Details of emergency procedures.

074. What is a Toxic Material?

Ans, A Toxic material is one that adversely affects the body and organs.

075. What is a Carcinogenic Material?

Ans, Sensitizer is a chemical that after repeated exposure can cause an allergic-type reaction.

076. What is a Corrosive Substance?

Ans, Corrosive is any chemical that cause visible destruction or changes in living tissues by

077. What are Asphyxiates?

Ans, Chemicals/gases which can cause suffocation by retracting the uptake of oxygen or by respiratory paralysis or by diluting/displace below levels needed by the body.

078. What are flammable & Combustible Liquids?

Ans,

Liquids that give off enough vapor to form an ignitable mixture with air and produce a flame when a source of ignition is present.

079. What are the requirements for a crane-lifting?

Ans, Documents including third party certificate of the Crane, Certified rigger, inspected rigging tackles, barricading the swing radius, lifting permit, lifting plan, JSA, Proper PPE for the crew and favorable climatic conditions.

Inspection sticker, Operator license from Saudi Arabia Qualified riggers Cranes Boom moment area free and barricading Out rigger fully extended and must be on pads. Float. Check ground level and ground stability Check the SWL (Safe work load) Never lifting load beyond rated capacity of crane. Check slings wire, shackles, and belts. Not allowed to enter under the suspended load. Tag line restricts swinging of load. Never place under the over load power lines.

080. What are the requirements in placing an access ladder on scaffolding?

Ans,Base of the ladder fixed to a firm ground, ladder slanting in the ration of 4:1, ladder not damaged or painted and the top should extend minimum 3 feet above the landing platform.

081. What is lotto & what Is Lock-out / Tag-out System?

Ans,

Lock-out

Involve the process of turning off and lockout the flow of energy from a power source to a piece of equipment or circuit and keeping it lock-out.

Tag-out

Is placing a tag on power source The tag acts as a warning not to store any energy It is not to store physical restraint. Tag must be installing in English language and local country language. Do not operate or remove this tag.

082. What are the Safety requirements for doing a hot work?

Ans, Any activity with generate Spark, Hit, Flame, An or source of Ignition is called hot work Work permit, fire extinguishers, housekeeping, PPEs, inspected tools and equipments, barricading and sign boards, grounding of the equipments, GFCI (Ground fault circuit interrupter) using fire blankets and trained fire watch.

083. What is Housekeeping?

Ans, Keeping the work area safe and clean. Keeping things in proper place and in proper way. Dispose of waste in a proper way.

084. What is a corrosive substance?

Ans, Corrosive is any chemical that cause visible destruction or changes in living tissues by action upon chemical.

085. What is Safety?

Ans, Safety is the barricade between hazard and safe way.Safe youre self then others,

086. What is JSA?

Ans,Identification to hazard related the job and precautionary measure to be taken is called JSA (Job Safety Analysis).

Prepared By:-

GHULAM MUSTAFA HSE SUPERVISORMA!ADEN MAGNISITE PROJECT(ZARGHAT SITE) OLAYAN DESCON INDUSTRIAL COMPANY,(KSA)