safety works, fairness worksmrtranatcps.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/81007919/module 3.pdf · 2021. 2....

SaskatchewanMinistry ofAdvanced Education, Employment andLabour

www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/ywrcc

SAFETY WORKS, FAIRNESS WORKS

Ministry of Labour Relations and Workplace Safety

Copyright 2011, Saskatchewan Ministry of Labour Relations and Workplace Safety

This material may be used, reproduced, stored, distributed or transmitted for non-commercial purposes to promote safety and fairness in the workplace provided the Saskatchewan Ministry of Labour Relations and Workplace Safety is acknowledged as follows: "Saskatchewan Ministry of Labour Relations and Workplace Safety, 2011.Used with permission.” This material is not to be used, reproduced, stored, distributed or transmitted for commercial purposes without written permission from the Saskatchewan Ministry of Labour Relations and Workplace Safety.

Permission to use any content contained within this document which is the property of WorkSafeBC and branded as such must be secured from WorkSafeBC.

We would like to thank WorkSafeBC for their permission to use and adapt aspects of the publication Student Work Safe Planning 10 for use in this document.

Note: This is not a legal document. Consult the legislation to interpret and apply the law.

August, 2011 Edition

Module 3 Table of Contents

Introduction ...........................................................................................................1 1. Why worry about health and safety? ..............................................................1 Activity 1: Self-Assessment............................................................................4 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT...THINGS TO DO..............................................5 2. Who has rights and responsibilities for health and safety in the workplace?..6 Activity 2: Questions to ask your employer ....................................................8 Activity 3: Michael and his Employer............................................................10 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT…THINGS TO DO…........................................10 3. What are hazards?.......................................................................................11 Activity 4: Filing Cabinet...............................................................................11 Types of Hazards .........................................................................................13 Activity 5: Spot the Hazard...........................................................................15 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT...THINGS TO DO............................................20 4. What is personal protective equipment (PPE)?............................................21 Activity 6: What would you wear?.................................................................21 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT...THINGS TO DO............................................24 5. What is WHMIS?..........................................................................................25 What parts make up WHMIS?......................................................................25 What are WHMIS classification and hazard symbols? .................................27 What are my responsibilities? ......................................................................28 How dangerous are the materials? ..............................................................28 Activity 7: What should Mary do?.................................................................28 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT...THINGS TO DO............................................29 6. What do I do if I get injured? ........................................................................30 7. Who can I talk to if I need help or information? ............................................32 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT...THINGS TO DO............................................32 Occupational Health and Safety Fact Sheets...............................................33 REVIEW AND SELF-CHECK..............................................................................36 Answer Keys .......................................................................................................41

Young Worker Readiness Certificate Course (YWRCC)

Introduction

Everyone on the job is responsible for keeping the workplace safe, but employers and supervisors hold the most responsibility. In fact, there are legal consequences if safety regulations are not followed and a worker is injured. In this module, you will learn what hazards are and the three-step process for identifying and eliminating/minimizing safety hazards. You will also learn about your right to know (receive training), your right to participate (in health and safety activities) and your right to refuse (you may refuse to do a task that you think is unusually dangerous).

1. Why worry about health and safety?

When Michael started working as a dishwasher, his employer provided training on how to do his work safely and what hazards to watch for. You may remember that Michael was quite nervous about starting his first job. He didn’t really listen to or understand a lot of what he was told. Besides, he thought, “How could anyone get

hurt from washing dishes? It’s a pretty safe job and people only get hurt in jobs like construction or working in the oil patch.” He figured he would just pick it up as he went along.

Although things were pretty confusing on that first day, the other two people who started at the same time as Michael didn’t ask any questions, so he didn’t want to either. Who wants to be the only one who looks like he doesn’t

understand something as simple as dishwashing?

Michael did remember he was told to wear special gloves when he took the dishes out of the dishwasher. He noticed that no one else was wearing them, so he didn’t either. Besides, no one checked to see if they were using the gloves, they were told to wear. When it got busy, no one cleaned up the water on the floor or closed the doors on the cupboards. So, how important could these things be?

Is Michael right? When you work in jobs such as a dishwasher, server or retail sales clerk, are you “safe”? Do these jobs have no hazards?

Module 3: Health and Safety in the Workplace (YWRCC) Page 1


Module 3: Health and Safety in the Workplace (YWRCC)

Look at the following graph and identify the top three industries where young workers are most frequently injured.

1. _______________ _______________

2. _______________ _______________

3. _______________ _______________

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Industries with the Highest Accepted Injury Claims for the Young Workers in 2010

The categories on the graph may become clearer to you if you look at the chart on the next page. Examples are provided for the three industries with the highest rate of inju-ries. These workplaces will likely be familiar to you as most young people (under the age of 18) work in these types of workplaces.

Did you know that most young workers are injured duringtheir

work?

Source: Saskatchewan Workers' Compensation Board 2010 claims data



Examples

Commodity-Wholesale-Retail

clothing stores, retail drugs and pharmacies, theatres, bookstores, grocery, department, and hardware stores, co-operative associations, lumberyards, automobile and farm implement dealerships, car washing and glamorizing, gas bar attendants, lube shops, and

Manufacturing and Processing

bakeries, food preparation and packaging, dairy products, soft drinks and meat processing, pipeline

agricultural equipment, and machine shops.

Service Industry

hairdressing and tanning salons, animal clinics,

agencies.

(Source: Workers Compensation Board, 2010)

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It is true that some industries (such as building construction, oil well servicing and logging) are considered more high risk than others. However, Michael, like a lot of other people, often forgets that there are potential hazards – and injuries – in every workplace. In fact, one out of every 10 young people will be involved in a workplace incident.

Cause of Incidents for 15-24 Years Olds in 2010



There are many reasons for the high number of injuries. Some possibilities include:

feeling rushed or pressured to get things done - not having enough time to try a task and get feedback on how you are doing or to ask questions,

the nature of the tasks that young people are hired to do (may involve manual labour, heavy lifting or cleaning up),

lack of appropriate training and supervision (in part-time jobs you may not always get top priority for training or an orientation to safe work practices),

inexperience in recognizing possible dangerous situations, use of equipment, machinery or tools designed for adults, and

not being familiar with workplace rights and responsibilities.

Sometimes, general beliefs, life situations or personality characteristics can also put you at greater risk. Assess yourself with the following questionnaire.

Did you know that young men are more likely to get hurt than any other group of workers (73 % of young workers injured in 2010 were male)?

Activity 1: Self-Assessment

Sounds like me? Yes No

I want to fit in and do well in my job.

I lack work experience to judge what’s safe and what’s not safe.

I don’t believe anything bad will happen to me.

I don’t feel comfortable asking questions at work.

I don’t even know what questions to ask.

I am distracted by other things going on in my life.

I am tired from juggling school, homework, a job, family life and social life.

I don’t have to worry because an adult (boss, teacher, parent) is looking out for me.

Did you know that most young workers are injured during their first three months of work?

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If you aren’t working, think about how you usually are in new situations or in activities you are involved with in your community. For example, are you generally uncomfortable asking questions and only ask if you know and are comfortable with the people around you?

TIP

How do you think these characteristics might affect your safety in the workplace?

Why do you want to work (for example, to buy something, to gain experience, to be more independent, to help with the bills at home)?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

If you are injured, you may not be able to have, or do, some of the activities you listed above.

You are important. You have much to offer others in your home, community and the workplace. Everyone wants you to come home safely from work.

THINGS TO THINK ABOUT...THINGS TO DO...

If you have access to a computer, read about Curtis Weber’s workplace injury and find out what he is doing now at www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/youth-at-work

For more stories about young workers injured on the job, go to http://www.workersoftomorrow.com/truestories.html (stories about young workers in Manitoba) or http://www.raiseyourhand.com/ (stories about young workers in British Columbia).

Think about how your friends and family would be affected if you were injured at work. How would an injury affect your life and the things you like to do?

Why do you think more young men have workplace injuries? What do your friends think?

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http://www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/youth-at-work

http://www.workersoftomorrow.com/truestories.html

http://www.raiseyourhand.com/



2. Who has rights and responsibilities for health and safety in the workplace?

Everyone has a role to play in keeping workplaces healthy and safe – your employer, your supervisor and you: If you are asked to

be a supervisor, make sure you are ready and know what your responsibilities are.

• Your employer has overall responsibility for providing a safe and healthy workplace.

• You have a responsibility to take protect your health and safety and that of other workers.

• Your supervisor is responsible for making sure that you know and follow safe work procedures.

Sometimes young workers are asked to become supervisors. The supervisor is often responsible for day-to-day operations and for making sure the work is done. It can be a heavy responsibility. Supervisors are required by law to make sure their workers understand and follow health and safety rules in that workplace. They need to make sure workers get the training they need, that they are using safe procedures, and wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

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Now that I have graduated, my boss

wants me to be a supervisor.



Here are examples of some health and safety rights and responsibilities.

Workers have three basic rights…

Employers have a responsibility to...

Workers have a responsibility to...

1. The right to know what hazards there are in your workplace and how to prevent harm from them.

Create a workplace culture where it’s okay to ask questions about health and safety concerns.

Provide information and training to new workers about how to do their work safely, how to recognize hazards on the job and what to do about them.

Provide additional training when workers are moved to a new task with different hazards.

Provide appropriate supervision to make sure workers work without undue risk.

Attend training.

Ask questions.

Use safe work procedures.

Use equipment safely.

Wear any required personal protective equipment.

Not bully or harass anyone.

Know your rights and responsibilities.

2. The right to participate in health and safety activities in your workplace without fear of getting into trouble.

If required, set up an occupational health committee or representative (see OH&S Fact Sheets).

Do regular inspections of the workplace with the committee, representative or workers to make sure everything is working properly.

Correct unsafe conditions and activities.

Participate in workplace occupational health committees, meetings and activities.

Co-operate with committee members, supervisors and employers.

Report any unsafe conditions or equipment.

3. The right to refuse work or to do tasks that you believe can be unusually dangerous to yourself or others.

Not take any discriminatory actions (unfair actions or punishment) against the worker who refuses to do a dangerous task.

Work with the worker, supervisor and/or Occupational Health Committee to resolve the concern.

If the concern can’t be resolved, contact an occupational health officer from Saskatchewan Advanced Education, Employment and Labour.

Share results of the investigation with all employees.

Inform your employer or supervisor that you are refusing work because of a health and safety concern.

Do not leave the worksite without the employer’s permission.

Don’t do work you are not trained, equipped or experienced to do.

Contact your occupational health committee (if present) if you can’t resolve your concern with the supervisor.

If the concern can’t be resolved, contact an Occupational Health Officer from Saskatchewan Advanced Education, Employment and Labour.

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Orientation and Training When you start work, your employer should orient you to the workplace. There are several areas your employer should go over with you in your workplace orientation such as:

what to do and who to talk to if you have a safety concern, hazards and safe work procedures,

location of first aid supplies, and

what to do in case of a fire or other emergency.

In addition to an orientation to the workplace, you should also receive training on how to do things properly. Section 19 of The Occupational Health and Safety Regulations states quite clearly that the employer must ensure that no worker is permitted to perform work unless the worker:

has been trained, and has sufficient experience, to perform the work safely, or is under close and competent supervision.

You must be paid while you are taking this training.

Activity 2: Questions to ask your employer What health and safety questions would be important for you to ask your employer when you start work?

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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Unsafe Working Conditions

Consider Steve’s situation:

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TIP

TIP

Steve has recently started working at a butcher shop. One day when the other staff were busy with customers, the employer told Steve to use the slicing machine to cut more bologna to put in the display case. Steve hadn’t been shown how to use the machine, but he had noticed that the safety guard was missing. Steve wasn’t sure what to do – if he tried to do the job, he might get hurt. On the other hand, he didn’t know how to say “no” to his boss especially when the other staff used the machine the way it was. He thinks he might get into trouble if he speaks up. It’s hard sometimes being the youngest person in the shop.

Every decision has consequences. What consequences are you prepared to deal with? What do you think? Should Steve do the job anyway or should he refuse to do a task he hasn’t been trained for and that requires him to use unsafe equipment?

I haven’t been trained.

I don’t know how to do

this.

If you think a task is too dangerous or if you haven’t been trained to do something, tell your employer or supervisor. Identify your concern and work with your supervisor to solve the problem. Most problems are solved in this manner. If you are unsure about talking to your supervisor, you can talk to your parents, guardian or teacher about your concerns at a later time. They may have suggestions about how to handle the situation. However, you are the one in the workplace and sometimes you will need to decide what to do and what to say before you can talk to anyone at home.

Ask yourself, “Is this job worth being injured or dying for? Is this task ‘unusually dangerous’ for me?”

A refusal to work is an individual worker’s right (a group of workers cannot use the right to refuse.) Remember that you should not leave your workplace without your employer’s permission. The employer can give you other tasks to do until your refusal to work is settled.

In some workplaces, the Occupational Health Committee (OHC) or an Occupational Health Officer (OHO) will be asked to investigate if the problem cannot be resolved.



Activity 3: Michael and his Employer Look back at the story about Michael at the beginning of this module. What responsibilities did Michael not follow? What should his employer have done differently?

Michael should have…

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

The employer should have…

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

THINGS TO THINK ABOUT…THINGS TO DO…

If you have access to a computer, read the Occupational Health and Safety

Tips for Young Workers at http://www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/ohs. Your parents or gaurdians may also be interested in the Occupational Health and Safety Tips for Parents on the same website.

Talk to people you know who are working. What health and safety orientation did they receive? Is there an OHC at their workplace? Are unsafe conditions addressed?

You can find out about all the information that employers are required to provide by reading the Occupational Health and Safety Tips for Employers http://www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/ohs.

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http://www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/ohs




3. What are hazards? (Copyright © WorkSafeBC. Adapted with permission from the WorkSafeBC publication Student Worksafe Planning 10. This and other materials can be found free of charge at www.WorkSafeBC.com.)

Activity 4: Filing Cabinet

A hazard is any situation, activity, procedure or equipment that may result in harm to a person.

What hazards (unsafe conditions) do you see in this situation? ____________________________

____________________________

Why is this a hazardous situation? How likely it is that someone would get hurt from this hazard?

____________________________

____________________________

Could it cause death, serious injury or minor injury? ____________________________

____________________________

____________________________ What could be done to control the hazard? ____________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

You have just gone through some simple and effective steps for recognizing, assessing and controlling hazards!

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http://www.worksafebc.com/



Step 1: See it! What is the hazard? When you are at work, it is important to be aware of what is happening

around you – to be on the lookout for hazardous substances and unsafe conditions.

Check out old, new or unfamiliar equipment before using it – do you know the safe way to use the equipment? Are all the safety guards in place and working?

Step 2: Think it! Why is this situation hazardous? You need to determine the risk of harm from these hazards. Risk

mainly depends on two things: the likelihood of an incident happening and the severity if it does.

Hazards can vary in their risk. Something that is a hazard to you may not be to someone with more training and experience – they may have already learned how to safely deal with the hazard.

Step 3: Do it! What can be done to prevent an incident or injury? You may be able to take care of some hazards right away – wipe up

water spilled on the floor or put trash in the garbage bin. You may not be able to take care of other hazards immediately. You

will need to report them to your supervisor or employer. In some workplaces, hazards are also reported to the Occupational Health Committee (OHC) or representative. Talk to your supervisor about the procedures that you must follow in your workplace. TIP

The employer will then need to implement the most effective way to control the hazard. She or he may be able to:

eliminate the hazard altogether (e.g., by replacing or fixing equipment that is broken);

reduce the hazard by figuring out a way to do the job that is less dangerous (for example, change the pace of work or rotate jobs so the risk of injury is reduced) or by using a different product that is less hazardous (e.g., using a less toxic cleaning product); or provide personal protective equipment to protect workers when working in hazardous situations and provide workers with training.

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Types of Hazards

Health and safety hazards come in many shapes and forms and can have long term or short-term effects.

Hazards

Type Examples

Chemical Cleaning supplies, battery acid, turpentine, paints, propane fumes

Biological Bacteria, viruses, blood, dust, animal bites, mould, insect stings

Physical agents Electric currents, exposure to heat or cold, light, vibration, noise

Work design (ergonomics)

Poor lighting, repetitive movements, computer monitors, lifting heavy objects

Stress Harassment, shift work, violence, poor working conditions

Slipping and tripping Being pushed or thrown into an object

Fires and explosions Bumping into or stepping on objects

Moving parts of machinery, tools and equipment

Hazards posed by violence, working alone or in isolated workplaces

Working at heights (such as work done on scaffolds or ladders)

Being struck, crushed or pinned by a falling object

Vehicles (such as forklifts or ATVs) Excessive physical effort or exertion

Lifting and other manual handling operations

Excessive physical effort or exertion



Some common hazards in industries where you might work include... Warehouses Retail Shops

• Improper lifting • Lifting of heavy objects • Unstable stacks of products • Repetitive work activities • Noise from equipment • Working at heights (ladders) • Operating and working around

moving equipment without proper training

• Not following safe work procedures

• Harassment

• Improper lifting • Poor posture • Cluttered work area • Improper use of box cutter (or

other tools) • Repetitive lifting or other work

activities • Unsafe use of ladders • Harassment • Lack of safe work procedures • Harassment

Grocery Stores Restaurants and Fast Food Outlets • Improper lifting • Improper use of box cutter • Repetitive lifting or scanning

grocery items • Poor posture and standing for

long periods of time (cashiers) • Carrying heavy loads • Improper use of mobile

equipment • Contact with hot objects • Contact with harmful substances

or materials • Harassment

• Struck by objects • Slips and trips (e.g., on greasy

floor) • Handling of hot items or coming in

contact with hot items • Contact with chemical substances • Improper lifting • Harassment • Horseplay

Parks and Yard Maintenance (Working Outdoors) • Repetitive lifting or other motions • Carrying heavy loads • Lack of personal protective equipment or not trained on their use and care • Lack of training or improper use of equipment or tools • Contact with running equipment • Noise and vibrations from machines • Working alone and harassment • Dust, pollens, insect bites • Hazardous chemicals (e.g., pesticides) • Fall from large machinery • Not following safe work procedures

Copyright © WorkSafeBC. Adapted with permission



Activity 5: Spot the Hazard

1. Convenience Store - Megan works various shifts in a convenience store that is open 24 hours a day. In addition to helping customers and operating the cash register, she is asked to stock shelves. Practice identifying hazards by using the three-step process. What hazards do you see in this picture?

Step 1: See it! (What are the hazards?)

Step 2: Think It! (Why is this a hazardous situation? How serious is the risk?)

Step 3: Do it! (What could be done to prevent an incident from happening?)


For this, and the following hazard scenarios, look back at the previous pages for ideas about types of hazards. Read the Occupational Health and Safety Fact Sheets (found at the end of this module) for more information about hazards such as manual handling, harassment, and working alone.

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2. Kitchen Worker - You may remember that Michael’s employer told him about hazards to watch for in the restaurant. Michael only remembered a few things that he was told. Use the three-step process to identify the hazards he is facing in this situation.


Step 1: See it! Step 2: Think it! Step 3: Do it!

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3. Warehouse - John was laid off at the hardware store. His employer thought John was a good worker but business was just too slow to keep new staff. The employer said he had heard that they were hiring down at the warehouse. Even though John wasn’t sure he would like that kind of work, he decided to apply. John got the job and starting working again. What kinds of hazards does John face in the warehouse?

Step 1: See it!

Step 2: Think It! Step 3: Do it!


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4. Mechanic Shop – Brent is grinding down brake pads and Todd stopped in to visit on his break. What hazards are these young workers facing?


Step 1: See it! Step 2: Think it! Step 3: Do it!

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5. Outside Worker - Julia works in a park and is outside most of the time planting flowers, trimming grass, and picking up garbage. Sometimes she is the only employee working in that part of the park. What hazards might she face in her job?

Possible Hazards

Things to do to address hazards

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You can help yourself to stay safe in the workplace by learning about hazards and how to protect yourself. Knowing about hazards and following safe work procedures does reduce workplace injuries.

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THINGS TO THINK ABOUT...THINGS TO DO... Additional information and activities on hazards in high risk jobs are available

at www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/youth-at-work.

If your job is similar to Julia and John’s (or whenever you are doing physical work) try some warm-up exercises before you start. Examples can be found at http://www.wcbsask.com/WCBPortalWeb/ShowProperty/WCBRepository/tipDetails/warmUp.

Information about ergonomics (over ex ertion and repetitive motion injuries) can be found at http://www.worksafesask.ca/O�ce-Ergonomics

Safe lifting tecniques can be found at http://www.worksafesask.ca/Safe-Lifting or http://www.worksafesask.ca/posterorder/7-steps.pdf.

Before going to work, check out the workplace. Is the workplace uncluttered and organized? Are there visible signs of neglect or hazardous substances?

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http://www.wcbsask.com/WCBPortalWeb/ShowProperty/WCBRepository/tipDetails/warmUp

http://www.wcbsask.com/WCBPortalWeb/ShowProperty/WCBRepository/pdfs/ci2007_20

http://www.worksafesask.ca/Safe-Lifting

www.worksafesask.ca/Office-Ergonomics

www.worksafesask.ca/posterorder/7-steps.pdf



4. What is personal protective equipment (PPE)? personal protective equipment (PPE)?

The best employers and supervisors work to eliminate hazards as much as possible. Because some hazards can’t be eliminated, you may have to use personal protective equipment (PPE) when you do some tasks. What PPE would you use to protect yourself when doing the following tasks? (Note: There may be more than one piece of PPE for a task.)

Remember, if you don’t have the right equipment, you won’t be properly protected.

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Activity 6: What would you wear?

What would you wear when you are... Choice PPE

Carrying lumber?

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a) safety goggles

Working around equipment that is noisy?

b) face shield

Working with hot fluids that can splatter?

c) hearing protection




Working with corrosive materials that burn your skin?

d) work gloves

Working on wet or slippery surfaces?

e) heat resistant gloves

Sanding?

f) steel toed boots

Removing hot items from an oven?

g) dust mask

Working around falling objects?

h) anti-slip footwear



TIP


To protect your feet from being hit?

i) hard hat

You may think that you look silly when you wear PPE or that it is too hot or too uncomfortable to wear. Think of the consequences if you don’t wear your equipment – burns, broken toes, concussions, damage to your lungs, and loss of hearing! Now that would make your life much more uncomfortable! So, remember your rights and responsibilities around PPE.

What you can do...

• Take the training the employer offers about how to use PPE. • Learn when to use PPE and use it as you’ve been trained. • Take care of the PPE that’s assigned to you. • Get damaged PPE replaced.




Have you had to use PPE in jobs you’ve done? Have your friends or family members? What training did they receive?

I have to wear heat resistant gloves when I use the oven.

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5. What is WHMIS?

You were introduced to the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) in Module 1. Your workplace may products. Some may even be things you see every day such as paint, cleaning liquids or degreasers. Even these ordinary things can make you very sick if they are used incorrectly. WHMIS provides information about any products (solids, liquids and gases) that pose a risk or hazard in the workplace. It lets you know which ma terials are dangerous and how to protect yourself when you have to handle them.

Remember, all workplaces in Canada follow the same WHMIS rules.

Remember that workers under 16 years of age should not be working with hazardous chemicals or biological substances that are particularly dangerous. Talk to your supervisor if you have concerns about any of the substances with which you are asked to work.

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What parts make up WHMIS?

WHMIS has three main parts to help you identify and handle hazardous products safely:

1. Labels – Supplier labels are provided by the manufacturer, importer or distributor of the products. Suppliers classify these products and assign one or more of the appropriate hazard symbols. The materials are then shipped to the workplace. When any hazardous material is taken out of the supplier container and put into another container, workplace labels must be put on the new container. Labels are used to alert you to the type of hazardous material in the container, what the dangers of the product are and how to use the product safely. They also direct you to the second part of the information system, the Material Safety Data Sheets.

2. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) – These sheets provide more information than labels. They tell you how to handle emergencies and cl ean-ups and what controls are needed for the safe use of the material. The law requires employers to have MSDS available for every hazardous material in the workplace. You need to make sure you know where the MSDS is (and what’s in it) before you use any hazardous product. There are nine sections on a MSDS and none of them can be left out. Don’t expect to always see the sections in the same order, as that may vary from sheet to sheet.

When you read “real” MSDSs in the work place, nd that they are not all written in the same clear way that your textbooks at school are. They often contain technica l language and complex chemical

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TIP

If only I had known that before I started.” “No one told me!” “I didn’t know.”

information. So, when you read a MSDS, don’t get bogged down by the language! For example, if you want to �nd out what safety gear needs to be worn when working with a hazardous product, scan the MSDS to �nd the heading of the section (Preventive Measures ) that has the information you need. If you want to know about �rst aid treatments, look in the First Aid Measures section.

3 Worker Education – Employers must provide instruction to each worker on how to use WHMIS, what hazardous materials are on site, how to handle them properly and what other ident i�cation systems are used in the workplace. Since each worksite may be di�erent, the employer has to provide training so you know that there are hazardous materials pres ent. For general information and training on WHMIS, go to http://worksafesask.ca/ and take the online WHMIS course. Please note that there is a fee for taking this course.

Don’t let the names confuse you! Hazardous products are sometimes “controlled products” . A controlled product falls into one or more of theWHMIS hazard classi�cations.

http://worksafesask.ca/



What are WHMIS classification and hazard symbols?

There are eight WHMIS hazard symbols.

CLASS A: COMPRESSED GAS This class includes compressed gases, dissolved gases and gases liquefied by compression or refrigeration.

CLASS B: FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL This class includes solids, liquids and gases capable of catching fire in the presence of a spark or open flame under normal working conditions.

CLASS C: OXIDIZING MATERIAL These materials increase the risk of fire if they come in contact with flammable or combustible materials.

CLASS D: POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS MATERIAL Division 1: Materials Causing Immediate and Serious Toxic Effects

These materials can cause death or immediate injury when a person is exposed to small amounts. Examples: sodium cyanide, hydrogen sulphide

CLASS D: POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS MATERIAL Division 2: Materials Causing Other Toxic EFFECTS

These materials can cause life-threatening and serious long-term health problems as well as less severe but immediate reactions in a person who is repeatedly exposed to small amounts.

CLASS D: POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS MATERIAL Division 3: Biohazardous Infectious MATERIAL

These materials contain harmful microorganisms that have been classified into Risk Groups 2, 3 and 4 as determined by the World Health Organization (WHO) or the Medical Research Council of Canada.

CLASS E: CORROSIVE MATERIAL

This class includes caustic and acid materials that can destroy the skin or eat through metals. Examples: sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid

CLASS F: DANGEROUSLY REACTIVE MATERIAL

These products may self-react dangerously (for example, they may explode) upon standing or when exposed to physical shock or to increased pressure or temperature, or they emit toxic gases when exposed to water.

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What are my responsibilities?

You have a responsibility to use the label system, check the information in the MSDS and follow the safety procedures the employer has developed. Always use the personal protective equipment provided by your employer. Do not eat or drink while working with a hazardous substance.

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Always ask if you are unsure about a product! TIP You may have learned about WHMIS symbols at school and you may even have a certificate that says you have successfully completed a

WHMIS course. In fact, some employers will want to hire people who have general WHMIS certificates. However, you still need to take the “second part” of WHMIS training – the training that the employer provides about hazardous materials and safe work procedures in that workplace. Every time you go to work for another employer, you will have to learn about hazardous materials in that workplace. How dangerous are the materials? Mary works as a server in a small family restaurant. One morning, when Mary came into work, she noticed that the floor in the kitchen needed cleaning. She found a pail, a mop, plastic gloves and two half-empty identical containers of cleaning solutions near the kitchen sink. The labels on the containers had been damaged by the chemicals and she couldn’t read them. Neither of the containers had enough solution to allow her to clean the floor properly. Mary thought she would have enough solution to do the job if she mixed the chemicals together. Activity 7: What should Mary do? Circle the number of the sentence that best explains what Mary should do. 1. Mix the chemicals and clean the floor.

2. Wait for her supervisor to come to work and ask her what to do.

3. Clean the floor without using the chemicals.

Remember that hazardous materials can be inhaled (breathed in), ingested (swallowed) or absorbed through the skin. Harm to your health may occur suddenly (dizziness, nausea and itchy eyes or skin) or it may occur gradually over years (dermatitis or cancer). Sometimes the body reacts strongly to defend against exposure. This is called sensitization; examples of sensitization include rashes and asthma-like reactions such as wheezing and coughing. Sensitization is acquired over a period of exposures, but once sensitization occurs, low-level exposure to the material will cause a strong reaction. Avoiding exposure to the material is the only solution.




Some workplaces have specific health and safety training requirements that are helpful for you to have before you start work. For example, a lifeguard must have a certain level of swimming certification and have First Aid training. Find out what is required for the jobs you will be applying for. Check out the health and safety training that is available in your community. Does your school, regional college or other community organization offer health and safety courses such as WHMIS or First Aid?

Ask at school or ask someone you know who is working about MSDSs. Could you look at a “real” MSDS and find important information?

I have to pass First Aid training before I start my new job.

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6. What do I do if I get injured?

Michael has slipped on the floor in the kitchen at work. He has hurt his arm – he knows it isn’t broken, but thinks it might be sprained as it really aches and has started to swell. He doesn’t want anyone to know, because he thinks he might get into trouble for not paying attention to the grease spot on the floor. It was busy and

he just didn’t see it. He is not sure whether he should try to ignore his arm until his shift is over or say he’s sick and leave work.

What advice would you give Michael? What should he do?

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

If you are injured at work – for whatever reason – it is important that you get help and tell your supervisor. Procedures may vary somewhat from one workplace to another, but generally, you will follow these steps:

Get first aid. Report the incident to your employer or supervisor. Seek medical attention if you need it. If you go to a doctor’s office or a

hospital, tell them this is a workplace injury. Fill out the Worker’s Initial Report of Injury as soon as possible. Submit it to

the Saskatchewan Workers’ Compensation Board (WCB).

I slipped and fell at work.



The injury report asks for certain information. This is shown on the following chart.

Heading Explanation Your name, address, Social Insurance Number, etc. Worker Information

Employer Information Name, address, contact person

Injury Information Details of how the injury happened

Sources of income and time-off due to injury Wage and Employment Information

Direct Deposit Information The bank you deal with and the address

That the information you have provided is the truth Declaration

The Workers’ Compensation Act covers most workers in Saskatchewan. Employers pay insurance premiums based on the type of work that is done in their business. The Act covers all full-time, part-time and seasonal workers as soon as they start work. Some occupations and industries (such as artists and poultry farms) are not covered under the Act. Check with the WCB or your employer if you aren’t sure if your job is covered.

Workers’ compensation may cover medical costs, such as prescription drugs or any hospital expenses and a portion of the salary you will lose by not being able to work. They also have services to help you return to work.

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7. Who can I talk to if I need help or information? Whenever you have a health and safety concern, talk to your supervisor or employer first.

You can raise concerns with your OHC or health and safety representative. You don’t have to wait until a workplace safety inspection is done.

Some workplaces have a union representative (shop steward). Questions and concerns can be discussed with her/him.

You can also get information from the Occupational Health and Safety Division of the Ministry of Labour Relations and Workplace Safety at their toll free numbers: 1-800-567-7233 (Regina) or 1-800-667-5023 (Saskatoon). Offices are open


� If you have access to a computer, review your knowledge by going through the Occupational Health and Safety Interactive Quiz at http://www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/youth-at-work.

� More information can be found on Occupational Health and Safety’s website

at: http://www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/ohs

Help!

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Monday-Friday, 8:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.





Occupational Health and Safety Fact Sheets

What is “manual handling”? Many jobs that young workers have involve manual handling (any activity requiring the use of force exerted by a person to lift, lower, push, pull, slide or hold objects). Placing boxes and other items on shelves, painting, gardening, operating levers on machinery and working with tools are some examples of manual handling tasks.

Most manual handling injuries (strains, sprains, neck and back injuries, slips and falls, cuts and bruises, or musculoskeletal injuries) can be prevented by instruction, training and supervision. Work procedures may include things such as safe lifting techniques, how to use manual handling aids and knowing when to ask for help with a heavy load. Whenever possible:

• break loads into smaller, manageable quantities, • protect your hands and feet in case the load falls, • use ladders safely, • reduce bending, twisting, reaching movements, • prevent muscle strain and fatigue by doing warm-up stretches before and during

the job, and • take time for rest breaks, and • lift to and from waist height whenever possible.

As a young worker, you are more likely than an older worker to be injured through work that involves manual handling. Your body is still developing and is less able to cope with strain.

The Occupational Health and Safety Regulations do not have a limit on the weight a worker can lift in the workplace. However, they do say that no worker should engage in manual lifting, holding or transporting objects that, by reason of weight, size or shape, are likely to cause injury to the worker. People vary in their ability to do things. It depends on things such as age, strength, body development, health, ability to deal with fatigue and the type of lift you are doing. Know yourself and your strengths and limitations.

As students, you are also involved in manual handling. Think about how much your backpack weighs when it is full of books! To remain healthy, many doctors recommend that your backpack should not be more than 15-20% of your total weight. For example, if you weigh 40 kilograms, your backpack should weigh no more than six to eight kilograms. Try weighing your backpack to see if you are carrying a “safe load.” To learn more about ergonomics and the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries, check out the occupational health and safety website at www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/ohs.

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What is harassment in the workplace? Harassment means any inappropriate conduct, comment, display, action or gesture by a person that is a threat to the health or safety of a worker. All employers in Saskatchewan are required to take reasonable steps to prevent and stop harassment – whether the harassment is from co-workers, managers or customers. All employers in Saskatchewan are required to develop and implement a policy created for dealing with concerns and complaints of harassment, including an explanation of how complaints will be brought to the attention of the employer. There are two types of harassment covered by The Occupational Health and Safety Act and regulations: 1. Harassment based on race, creed, religion, colour, sex, sexual orientation,

marital status, family status, disability, physical size or weight, age, nationality, ancestry or place of origin; and

2. Harassment that affects a worker’s psychological or physical well-being and that the person knows or should know would cause a worker to be humiliated or intimidated (often called personal harassment or “bullying”). Personal harassment may include things like verbal or written abuse, insulting jokes, personal ridicule, vandalism of personal property, or sabotaging your work. Under this second type, the harassment must: 1. involve repeated action or display, or 2. involve a single, serious occurrence that has been established to have

caused a lasting harmful effect on a worker. Note that any reasonable action that is taken by an employer or supervisor relating to the management and direction of the employer’s workers or the place of employment is NOT harassment. There are a number of things you can do if you believe you are being harassed at work:

Review your employer’s harassment policy and procedures. Speak with the person who is the cause of the harassment. They may not realize

that their conduct or display is offensive to you. Informing them of your feelings may put an end to the matter. However, there may be times where this option is not appropriate.

Notify your supervisor or employer. They should assist you in using the harassment policy in your workplace to start the process towards resolution.

Contact your union or other employee association for assistance. Contact Occupational Health and Safety for assistance. Some workplaces also need a violence prevention policy. This includes businesses such as restaurants in which alcohol is served and retail establishments open between 11:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. For more information, check out the Violence fact sheet on the Occupational Health and Safety website at www.lrws.gov.sk.ca/ohs.




What does an Occupational Health Committee do?

There is a team approach to health and safety in Saskatchewan workplaces. Occupational Health Committees (OHC) and representatives are part of the “safety team” in most workplaces. Committee members help to reduce incidents and illnesses in the workplace through activities such as:

helping employers identify, assess and control hazards, talking with workers about health and safety concerns, making regular inspections of the workplace, helping with investigating incidents and refusals to work, and making recommendations to the employer for improving workplace health and

safety.

Becoming an OHC member is one way to exercise your right to participate in health and safety activities in the workplace.

All workplaces with ten or more workers are required to have OHCs. Worker health and safety representatives are required in high hazard industries, such as nursing homes, homecare, small auto body shops, wholesale baking and building construction, that have between from four and nine workers.

The employer is responsible for setting up a committee and getting it working. Names of committee members and minutes from meetings and workplace inspections must be posted where workers can see them.

How am I protected if I work alone?

In The Occupational Health and Safety Regulations, “working alone” means when you are the only worker of the employer at that worksite and that assistance is not readily available to you in the event of injury, ill health or emergency.

If you are required to work alone or at an isolated place, the employer must identify the risks and take reasonable steps to eliminate or reduce those risks, such as providing PPE, establishing safe work practices and procedures, and providing training. Actions to reduce risks must include a way to get in contact with you, such as by phone or radio. Employers may also establish regular “check-in” times with you, only allow you to do certain tasks when you are alone or only let you work alone when you have had a certain amount of training and experience.



Review and Self-Check Now that you have finished this module, you are able to:

Describe why health and safety is important to you. List and discuss primary causes of injuries to young workers. Accurately identify employer and worker rights and responsibilities for keeping

workplaces healthy and safe. Apply a hazard recognition process to workplace situations and suggest ways

to deal with them. Recognize WHMIS symbols and know where to look for important information

on MSDSs. Identify personal protective equipment.

The following activities will help you to review some of the key ideas in this module.

1. True or False?

1. A group of workers has the right to refuse work that they believe to be unusually dangerous.

2. If I get injured at work, the first thing I should do is get first aid. 3. You should be more concerned about your safety rights than your

responsibilities. 4. Only high risk workplaces need to have MSDSs. 5. You are being teased about your weight by a group of co-workers and you

feel upset and humiliated. Your friend doesn’t think it’s a problem because those workers are known to tease everyone about something! This is harassment.

6. The employer is ultimately responsible for keeping the workplace healthy and safe.

7. Every workplace has to have an Occupational Health Committee. 8. Eliminating the risk to workers is the most effective way to control a hazard. 9. Most workplaces only have one hazard. 10. If you already have a WHMIS certificate, you don’t need to take the

workplace WHMIS training. 11. You have to follow the safe work procedures the employer told you to use

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2. Match the symbol to the classification.

Write the letter of the symbol in the blank before the classification it matches.

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

h)

_____1. Compressed Gas

_____2. Poisonous and Infectious Material – Materials causing immediate and serious toxic effects

_____3. Flammable and Combustible Materials

_____4. Corrosive Material

_____ 5. Poisonous and Infectious Material – Materials causing other toxic effects

_____6. Oxidizing Material

_____7. Poisonous and Infectious Material – Biohazardous Infectious material

_____8. Dangerously Reactive Material

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3. Multiple Choice Questions

Circle the letter for the sentence that is the best answer to the question. Answer 1. You see some co-workers doing a job in a way that could cause them

to get hurt. What do you do? a) Ignore them

b) Inform your supervisor

c) Tell your co-workers you are concerned and why you are concerned.

d) Run for cover

2. As a young worker, you are most likely to be injured on the job: a) During the first year

b) During the first three months

c) At the same rate as older workers.

d) During the first two weeks

3. As a new worker, you have the right to be told about: a) The hazardous materials being used in your workplace

b) Procedures for safely handling the chemicals

c) The PPE you will need to wear

d) All of the above

4. Young workers under the age of 19 are at most risk for injuries from: a) Exposure to harmful substances

b) Overexertion

c) Coming in contact with objects

d) None of the above

5. What should you do if your PPE needs to be repaired? a) Share with a co-worker until yours can be fixed

b) Carry on with your task; it won’t matter if you don’t use PPE this one time

c) Take your PPE home to fix

d) Tell your supervisor and get your PPE replaced



4. Provide short answers to the questions. a) Earl has been late for work several times. The employer has noticed this and

has talked to him about it before. Earl is late again. The employer calls him into the office and wants to know why he is late and what he is going to do to avoid being late in the future. Is this personal harassment? Why or why not?

b) Describe the three health and safety rights all workers have and provide. List one responsibility you have for each right.

c) On a regular basis, my boss asks me to lift a box that weighs more than 30 kilograms. I think there is a law that says I can only be asked to lift boxes under 22 kilograms. Who is right? My boss or me? What are the rules?

d) Tara is a high school student who works in a restaurant. A group of older kids who come to the restaurant always make fun of Tara and make rude comments when she cleans their table. The supervisor frequently sees this happening and does nothing. When Tara tried to talk to her supervisor about how humiliating and upsetting the comments are, she was told that she needs to learn to handle the situation because “the customer is always right.” Is this harassment? Why or why not?



5. Health and Safety Crossword Puzzle

1

2 3

4 5

6

7 8

9

10

EclipseCrossword.com

Across Down

2. Makes sure you do your job safely 4. Work out or solve a problem 6. Workplace Hazardous Materials

Information System 7. The OHC conducts a regular

workplace ___. 10. Swallowed

1. Work station design 3. You have a right to ___ in health and

safety activities. 5. Information and training about how to

do your job safely 8. Banging into something is an example

of a ___ hazard. 9. Breathed in

Words to Use: Ergonomics Inhaled

Participate Resolve

Ingested Safety Inspection Supervisor Orientation WHMIS

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Answer Keys

Module 3:

Health and Safety in the Workplace

Answer Key for Module 3 Activities Activity 1: Self-Assessment This activity asks you to think about yourself and come to some understanding of

why you do the things you do. Therefore, everyone’s responses will be different.

Activity 2: Questions to ask your employer

Some questions you may have included in your list are:

What are the hazards of the job? Is job safety training available? What safety procedures and policies should I know about? What safety equipment do I need to do my job? Will I receive training on how to use the PPE required for the job? Are there any areas I shouldn’t be in or tools I shouldn’t use? What should I do in case of fire or another emergency? Where are the fire extinguishers, first aid kits, first aid rooms and emergency

assistance? If I notice something wrong, whom do I tell? Is there a health and safety representative or OHC in this workplace? What should I do if I get injured or am involved in an incident?

Page 41



Activity 3: Michael and his Employer

You may have identified these responsibilities for Michael and his employer.

Michael’s Responsibilities Employer’s Responsibilities

Attend and pay attention during training.

Ask questions. Ask for the safety procedures to

be repeated. Talk to the employer about what

to do when things are busy. Should he be taking time to close cupboard doors and wipe up spills when it is busy? What are the “good housekeeping” rules he needs to follow?

Wear all PPE that he is supposed to, even if others aren’t.

Make sure workers know it is okay to ask questions about their training or other health and safety concerns.

Make sure workers understand the orientation and training they receive.

Provide appropriate supervision to ensure workers are following safe work procedures and using PPE.

Remind all workers about the procedures to follow and the PPE to use.

Provide PPE and training on how to use it.

Activity 4: Filing Cabinet

Copyright © WorkSafeBC. Adapted with permission. What are the hazards: Why is this hazardous? How likely is it

that someone would get hurt? Open file drawer Papers on the floor

Someone could slip and fall on the papers on the floor. They might bang their head on the filing cabinet or floor. They could also injure their arms if they tried to break their fall.

Someone could bang into the open drawer and get bruised or a gash on their leg.

Could it cause death, serious injury or minor injury?

What could be done to control the hazard?

This would most likely cause a minor injury.

Use good housekeeping practices by picking up the papers.

If the drawer is too full to close, ask for another space to file the papers.

Make sure file drawers are closed.



Activity 5: Spot the Hazard

Copyright © WorkSafeBC. Adapted with permission. 1. Convenience Store - Megan

See it! Think it! • Megan is reaching over stacked items • She is overextending her arms • Items may be too heavy for lifting • Items not stacked properly

• Could strain arms, shoulder, or back from awkward lifting

• Items could fall on her or a customer if knocked over

• If glass items get broken, she could get cut

• Grocery items could fall off the edge Do it!

• Don’t overextend (reach too far) or twist body when lifting • Use proper lifting techniques • Ask for help to lift heavy items • Use proper posture while working

2. Kitchen Worker – Michael

See it! Think it! • Server holding tray in unstable

position (over shoulder) • Server cannot see Michael coming

around the corner • Server not paying attention to

potential oncoming traffic • Server could lose balance • Michael looks distracted by something

• Workers could collide coming around the corner

• They could fall due to a collision • Both workers could get hurt from

broken glass • Both could get burned by hot liquids

Do it! • Both workers need to pay attention to oncoming traffic • A mirror could be installed so workers can see oncoming traffic • Use proper technique for carrying tray (use both hands for carrying tray) • Proceed cautiously around corner



3. Warehouse - John

See it! Think it! • John is reaching too high to lift the box• He has his leg on the second top rung

of the ladder so he is in an unstable position

• Box could be too heavy to lift • Forklift is in the aisle

• He could fall off the ladder • Another worker may start operating

the forklift • Box could fall on him • He could get shoulder or back strain

Do it! • Do not stand on the top two rungs of the ladder • Ensure the ladder is in correct and secure position • Use proper lifting techniques • Ensure forklift driver is aware of John on ladder • Ask for assistance with heavy boxes, if required

3. Mechanic Shop – Brent and Todd

See it! Think it! • Brent isn’t wearing a face mask when

grinding/sanding • Brent isn’t wearing safety glasses • Brent could be distracted by Todd • Todd sitting on unstable stack of tires

• Dust is airborne • Debris could get into Brent or Todd’s

eyes • Stack of tires could collapse and Todd

could fall • Todd could fall onto Brent or the car

Do it! • Wear proper personal protective equipment (dust mask, safety glasses) • Move tires away from car • Do not sit on stack of tires • Clean up work area • Pay attention to task and the dangers around you



4. Outside Worker - Julia

Possible Hazards Ways to address the hazards • Working alone • Moving parts of equipment (lawn

mower, grass trimmer) • Sunburn, heat stroke • Insect (animal) bites, dust, pollen • Chemicals (pesticides) • Noise and vibrations from machinery • Repetitive motions (planting plants,

digging, picking up garbage)

• Provide a cell phone for emergencies or have regular check-in times

• Training on safe work procedures (WHMIS, PPE) and what tasks can be done when working alone

• Take regular breaks from repetitive movements and the heat

• Drink lots of water • Use PPE (such as ear plugs, mask,

gloves, hat, safety goggles) and insect repellent

Activity 6: What would you wear?

What would you wear when you are...

Carrying lumber? d) work gloves

Working around equipment that is noisy? c) hearing protection

Working with hot fluids that splatter? b) face shield

Working with corrosive chemicals? a) safety goggles

d) work gloves

Working on wet or slippery surfaces? h) anti-slip footwear

Sanding? g) dust mask

a) safety goggles

Removing hot items from an oven? e) heat resistant gloves

Working around falling objects? f) steel-toed boots

i) hard hat

To protect your feet from being hit? f) steel-toed boots



Activity 7: What should Mary do?

If you selected answer number two, you’re right! If you don’t know what the chemicals are, don’t use them and definitely don’t mix them together. Chemicals may react with one another and release poisonous gas. Sometimes they can even catch fire or explode. Unfortunately, in the real situation, Mary mixed the chemicals. They released chlorine gas. Mary damaged her lungs and was hospitalized.

Always ask your supervisor for advice if you don’t know if the job is safe to do.



Answer Key for Review and Self-Check 1. True or False

1. False. The right to refuse is an individual worker’s right.

2. True

3. False. As part of the workplace “safety team,” it is important to know both your rights and your responsibilities.

4. False. Employers in all workplaces are required to have MSDS available for every hazardous product in the workplace.

5. True

6. True

7. False. Only workplaces with ten or more workers are required to have an OHC. High hazard industries that have between four and nine workers are required to have a health and safety representative.

8. True

9. False. The number, type and severity of hazards will vary from one workplace to another. However, all workplaces will have more than one hazard.

10. False. All workers must receive WHMIS training that is specific to a particular workplace. The employer is responsible for providing training in hazardous materials and safe work procedures in his/her workplace.

11.True

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2. Match the symbol to the classification

Write the letter of the symbol in the blank before the classification it matches.

_e) 1. Compressed Gas

c)_2. Poisonous and Infectious Material – Materials causing immediate and serious toxic effects

__b) 3. Flammable and Combustible Materials

__d)_4. Corrosive Material

__h) 5. Poisonous and Infectious Material – Materials causing other toxic effects

_ g) _6. Oxidizing Material

_ _f) _7. Poisonous and Infectious Material – Biohazardous Infectious material

__a)_ 8. Dangerously Reactive Material

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

h)

Page 48



3. Multiple Choice Questions

1. c) Tell your co-workers you are concerned and why you are concerned. If you feel uncertain or uncomfortable about doing this, you could tell your supervisor instead (choice b).

2. b) During the first three months.

3. d) All of the above. All of this information should be provided in your workplace orientation or in workplace training.

4. c) Coming in contact with objects.

5. d) Tell your supervisor and get your PPE replaced.

2. Short Answer Questions

a) No, this is not personal harassment. It is reasonable for the employer to expect Earl to be at work on time and to talk to Earl when he is repeatedly late. The employer sets standards for the workplace and wants to know how Earl is going to meet those standards.

b)

Worker Rights: One example of the following worker responsibilities:

The right to know what hazards are in the workplace and what to do about them.

Attend training, ask questions, use safe work procedures, use equipment safely, wear required PPE, not bully or harass anyone, know your rights and responsibilities.

The right to participate in health and safety activities in the workplace.

Participate in health and safety committees, meetings and activities; co-operate with OHC members, supervisors and employers; report unsafe conditions or equipment.

The right to refuse work or tasks that you believe are dangerous to you or others.

Tell your supervisor/employer about your concern; do not leave the worksite without your employer’s permission; don’t do work you are not trained, equipped or experienced to do.



c) The Occupational Health and Safety Act and Regulations don’t have a specific limit on the amount a worker can lift. The weight that is safe for you to lift may be different from the weight that is safe for someone else to lift. However, the Regulations do state that workers shouldn’t engage in lifting that is likely to cause injury. So, it depends on what would be a reasonable weight you could be expected to lift.

d) Yes, this is personal harassment. The supervisor has witnessed the

harassment and Tara has told the supervisor how the customers’ actions affect her (that she is humiliated and upset). The employer is required to have a harassment policy in place in the workplace. Therefore, the supervisor is required to follow the procedures outlined in the policy and to take reasonable steps to prevent and stop the harassment.

3. Health and Safety Crossword Puzzle

1

2 3

4 5

6

7 8

9

10

EclipseCrossword.com

S U PARTICIPATE

EERGONOMICS

V

N

I

SAFETY

S

P

O

E

I

R

C

INHALED

R

W

T

G

E

H

I

E

S

M

O

S

ORIENTATION

L

S

E

V

D

E

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