sakai and the e-learning landscape office of the vice-provost (it) january 31, 2007
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Sakai and the E-Learning Landscape
Office of the Vice-Provost (IT)
January 31, 2007
http://www.vpit.ualberta.ca/elearning/sakai/
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Today’s undergraduate student preferences regarding technology are described in an EDUCAUSE research study of 28,724 undergraduates from 49 universities and community colleges during spring 2006.
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Increasing hardware ownership by students…
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
Laptops Desktops E-mediadevices
Smartphones
2005
2006
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Student preferences regarding use of IT
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
No use Limited Moderate Extensive Exclusive
Preferred use of IT
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What was the most valuable benefit of IT in your courses? Students responded that…
• Use of IT improves learning – 65% agree or strongly agree
• IT facilitates prompt feedback from instructor – 69% agree or strongly agree
• Helps me communicate and collaborate more effectively with other students – 55% agree or strongly agree
• IT increases convenience through easy access to syllabi, resources, grades, sample tests, and so forth – 57% agree or strongly agree
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Technologies used by respondents….
Podcast Spreadsheets
E-portfolios Presentation software
Instant messaging Course Web site
Webcast Online quizzes or tests
Simulations E-mail
Blogs Online discussions
Student response systems
Online grade books
Discipline-specific IT Social networking software
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Students report a generally positive (76%) experience of course management systems (CMS)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
Verynegative
Negative Neutral Positive Verypositive
CMS Experience
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The Sakai Product…
A Collaborative Learning Environment (CLE) —Suitable for use in teaching and learning, research collaboration, and ad hoc group communication.
Slides identified with the Sakai logo were taken from a presentation given by Anthony Whyte, Community Liaison for the Sakai Foundation, at the Atlanta Sakai Conference in December, 2006.
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Sakai relative to other learning management systems…
Collaboration (including eResearch)
TeachingandLearning
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Overlapping requirements for teaching and research collaboration
PhysicsResearch
Collaboration
NanotechnologyResearch
Collaboration
Teachingand
Learning
Grid ComputingVisualization
Data Repository
Large DataLibraries
QuizzesGrading Tools
SyllabusSCORM
ChatDiscussionResources
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Sakai: Software for the enterprise
CLE — collaboration and learning environment supporting teaching, learning, research and collaboration.
SOA — an extensible, service-oriented architecture and set of tools and services designed for the enterprise. Sakai's CLE offers interoperability, reliability and scalability.
Teaching &Learning
Teaching &Learning
Research &eScience
Research &eScience
PortfoliosPortfoliosProjectGroups
ProjectGroups
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Sakai: Software for the enterprise
FOSS — free open-source software to acquire, use, modify and distribute; no fees or royalties.
Apache-style license encourages a wide range of use including commercial applications.
Teaching &Learning
Teaching &Learning
Research &eScience
Research &eScience
PortfoliosPortfoliosProjectGroups
ProjectGroups
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Sakai: Software for the enterprise
COMPOSITION — academic institutions and commercial organizations working in partnership with standards bodies and other open-source initiatives.
GOALS — work collaboratively to develop innovative software applications designed to enhance teaching, learning, research and collaboration within higher education.
Teaching &Learning
Teaching &Learning
Research &eScience
Research &eScience
PortfoliosPortfoliosProjectGroups
ProjectGroups
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The Sakai Community – collaboration & innovation
VALUES — knowledge sharing, information transparency, meritocracy, “do-ocracy.”
IMPLEMENTATION — currently 100+ volunteers representing 30+ academic institutions and commercial organizations active in developing and testing Sakai releases.
AcademicInstitutions
AcademicInstitutions
CommercialEnterprises
CommercialEnterprises
Non-profits
Non-profits
StandardsBodies
StandardsBodies
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Sakai: Oversight and CoordinationMISSION — manage and protect
IP; serve as a liability shield for the community; provide basic infrastructure and small staff; help coordinate design, development, testing and distribution of software; advocate for open source and open standards.
GOVERNANCE — ten board members elected by partner reps to serve three-year terms; Executive Director manages day-to-day operations.
Sakai Foundation
Exec. DirectorExec. Director
Sakai StaffSakai Staff
Board of DirectorsBoard of Directors
Sakai Partners
Sakai Partners
A member-funded non-profit501(c3) corporation
A member-funded non-profit501(c3) corporation
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Sakai: Oversight and Coordination
PARTNERS — member institutions and organizations contribute $10K per year ($5K for smaller institutions).
Membership is optional.
BUDGET — underwritten by members; annual budget of approximately $1M funds.
RESOURCES – 4-6 staffers, administrative services, computing infrastructure, project oversight, conferences, Sakai Fellows and outreach activities.
Sakai Foundation
Exec. DirectorExec. Director
Sakai StaffSakai Staff
Board of DirectorsBoard of Directors
Sakai Partners
Sakai Partners
A member-funded non-profit501(c3) corporation
A member-funded non-profit501(c3) corporation
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Sakai commercial partners
XXXSerrensoftSerrensoft
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Sakai History 2003-2004
FOUNDERS — Michigan, Indiana, MIT and Stanford in partnership with uPortal and Open Knowledge Initiative (OKI).
GOALS — Share ownership, adopt Apache-style licensing; secure funding and staffing; implement Sakai by end of 2005, build a community; achieve project sustainability.
FUNDING — Launched with $4.4M in shared staff (27 FTEs); $2.4M Mellon, $300K Hewlett grants; additional investment via community partners.
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Sakai 2004-2006100,000+ USERS — Indiana, UNISA
11,000-50,000 USERS — Berkeley, Cambridge, Cape Town, Michigan, Virginia Tech, Yale
1,500-10,000K USERS — Cerritos, Charles Sturt, Fernando Pessoa, Lleida, North-West, Roskilde, Rutgers, Saginaw Valley, UC Merced, Whitman
CONSORTIA — Etudes Alliance (31); Appalachian College Association (35); UNC TLTC (16); Claremont Colleges (8); Ohio Learning Network; Sakai Quebec
ALLIANCES — UK’s Tetra Collaboration (Oxford, Cambridge, Hull, Leads, UHI)
TOTAL — 200+ pilot/production installations
eFundi, North-West University, South Africa
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Sakai: an international initiative
• GOOGLE MASHUP
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Sakai Distributed Development Team
HIGHER ED DEVELOPERS BY LOCATION (n=102)
US79%
UK9%
ZA6%NL
4%ES1%
PT1%
USUKZANLESPT
AFFILIATION
• Higher Ed = 102 (87.93%)• Commercial = 13 (11.21%)• Non-profit = 1 (0.86%)
LOCATION• USA = 93• UK = 10• South Africa = 6• Netherlands = 4• Spain = 1• Portugal = 1• Canada = 1• TOTAL = 116
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Sakai Technology StackJAVA — Sakai consists of
technologies common to Java enterprise environments.
WEB SERVER — Apache Server/Apache Tomcat (mod_jk); Apache Tomcat
UI FRAMEWORK — JavaServer Faces (JSF), Apache Velocity, Reasonable Server Faces (RSF).
COMPONENT INJECTION — Spring
OBJECT/RELATIONAL MAPPING — Hibernate
DB SERVER — Oracle, MySQL and HSQL (for demos).
Java 1.5
Java 1.5
Oracle 9i/10gMySQL 4.1HSQL (demo)
Oracle 9i/10gMySQL 4.1HSQL (demo)
Spring
Hibernate
Tomcat 5.5
JSF/Velocity/RSF
Sakai 2.x
Apache
SSLmod_jkWEBISOVirtualhosting
Apache
SSLmod_jkWEBISOVirtualhosting
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Sakai SOA Component-Based ExpansionSOA Components — A pattern for
decomposing a single application into distinct components, each with a well-defined data model, contract (API), independent implementation and documented dependencies.
SELECT — download and install the Sakai Application Framework (SAF); choose and configure tools, supporting services and database that meets your requirements.
INTEGRATE — connect to local student and course information systems (SIS), single-sign-on systems (SSO), etc.
Sakai Framework
ServiceComponents
CustomConfiguration
CustomConfiguration
UI/Tool Components
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Sakai SOA Component-Based Expansion
CUSTOMIZE — add local customizations, adjust look and feel, choose default language, etc.
DEPLOY — implement production-ready CLE utilizing tools, services and other capabilities contributed by the Sakai Community.
Sakai Framework
ServiceComponents
CustomConfiguration
CustomConfiguration
UI/Tool Components
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Sakai 2.3 ToolsAnnouncementsAnnouncementsBlog (*)Blog (*)Discussion Discussion Drop BoxDrop BoxCalendarCalendarChat RoomChat RoomEmail ArchiveEmail ArchiveForumsForumsLinkTool (*)LinkTool (*)Message Of The DayMessage Of The DayMessage Center (*)Message Center (*)News/RSSNews/RSSPodcasting (*)Podcasting (*)
(*) indicates tool is provisional for release 2.3(*) indicates tool is provisional for release 2.3
PreferencesPreferencesPresentationPresentationProfile/RosterProfile/RosterRepository Search (*)Repository Search (*)ResourcesResourcesSakaiscripts (*)Sakaiscripts (*)ScheduleScheduleSearch (*)Search (*)Site Stats (*)Site Stats (*)SU tool (*)SU tool (*)Web Content Web Content WebDAVWebDAVWikiWikiWorksite SetupWorksite Setup
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Sakai 2.3 Tools - continued
Assignments
Gradebook
Melete Module EditorQTI Authoring (*)QTI Assessment (*)Roster (*) Section MgmtSyllabusTwinPeaks (*)Postem (*)
(*) indicates tool is provisional for release 2.2(*) indicates tool is provisional for release 2.2OSP PortfolioOSP Portfolio
Portfolio
Forms (*)Evaluations (*)Glossary (*)Layouts (*)Matrices (*)Reports (*)Templates (*)Wizards (*)
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Sakai upgrades for 2007
Administration• Installer Package
Collaboration• Shared Whiteboard• Shared Display• Multipoint Audio• Multipoint Video
Teaching & Learning• OCW Tool• SCORM Support• IMS Common
Cartridge
Lanc’s Shared WhiteboardLanc’s Shared Whiteboard
Sakai InstallerSakai Installer
UofM OCW tagging toolUofM OCW tagging tool
Lanc’s Shared DisplayLanc’s Shared Display
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Sakai at the University of Michigan
CASE STUDY: WEB APP SERVERS• CLUSTER — 8 X Dell PowerEdge 2650 (dual
2.4-3.2 GHz CPU 32 bit, 4 GB RAM), bandwidth allocation 1 Gbps
• STACK — Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL-AS3), Apache 1.3/cosign/mod_jk,Tomcat 5.5.x, Java 1.5, Sakai 2.2
• LOAD BALANCERS: PRIMARY & FAILOVER
• 2 X NetScaler RS9800 Secure Application Switch, high availability, 10/100/1000 Mbps copper, 1 GB Memory
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Sakai at the University of Michigan — cont.
CASE STUDY: DATA STORAGE• DATABASE CLUSTER: PRIMARY & REPLICATED
• 2 X SunFire V480 (quad 900 MHz CPU 32 bit, 20 GB RAM), 3 X StorEdge 3310 SCSI RAID Arrays w/12 73 GB disks Bandwith allocation 1 Gbps, standby mode (replication server), tape backups, off-site storage
• STACK — Solaris 8, Sun RAID Mgmt tools, Oracle 10g
• FILESYSTEM — AFS, 1 TB file storage
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In sum, the Sakai Project… • Provides a comprehensive, fully integrated learning
management system.
• Includes a research collaboration system.
• Provides a workflow engine.
• Is intended to integrate with institutional ERP systems (e.g. PeopleSoft).
• Enables us to avoid escalating licensing fees associated with Blackboard’s market dominance.
• Involves well-organized community source development.
• Is based on open licensing with no restriction on commercialization.
• Has been adopted by a number of large research universities (e.g. Michigan, MIT, Indiana, Stanford).
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Questions we are asking about Sakai:• What technical resources are required?
• How mature is Sakai?
• Is Sakai interoperable with our existing systems including:
– Student registration systems
– Libraries
– Finance
– Research
– Digital repositories
• Does it have the functionality we require for teaching & learning?
• What are the relative benefits/costs of purchasing vs collaborative development?
• What are the challenges and rewards with becoming a community source partner?
• Will the Sakai community continue to grow?
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Credits & Demonstrations
R.N. Katz (2006). The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2006 – Key Findings. (www.educause.edu )
A. Mitra & J Hardin, Sakai presentation at Austin Sakai Conference – 2005. (www.educause.edu)
A. Whyte, Sakai presentation at Atlanta Sakai Conference – 2006. (www.sakaiproject.org)
For Sakai demonstrations, please visit: www.longsight.com and http://testdrivesakai.net