So, what is ENERGY STAR for homes? First, it’s voluntary and administered by EPA. Thus, builders are not forced to label their homes and would only choose to partner with EPA if ENERGY STAR helps them meet their business objectives. With widely varying codes, climates and building practices, truly energy efficiency performance is a difficult attribute to define. For ENERGY STAR, it is most commonly 30 percent or greater energy efficiency than the national Model Energy Code (MEC). However, some states already have very rigorous codes that may approximate or exceed 30 percent greater efficiency than MEC. In these states, ENERGY STAR maintains its brand promise of substantially more efficient performance than code by also requiring at least 15 percent greater energy efficiency than the prevailing state energy code. Lastly, ENERGY STAR establishes credible performance with strong technical specifications and third party verification. Typically, this verification is provided by Home Energy Rating System (HERS) raters and/or providers who are overseen by a national organization called RESNET. For detailed information about the HERS rating system, visit the RESNET web site at www.natresnet.org.
THE CONTEXT:
ENERGY STAR FOR HOMES vs. GREEN
ENERGY STAR for Homes
Green Programs for Homes
VoluntaryRecognizes Builders
Label Web Site, Marketing, Awards
Defines Efficient Predominantly Mandatory Binary
Offers Flexibility Points Multiple Tiers
Presenter
Presentation Notes
So, what is ENERGY STAR for homes? First, it’s voluntary and administered by EPA. Thus, builders are not forced to label their homes and would only choose to partner with EPA if ENERGY STAR helps them meet their business objectives. With widely varying codes, climates and building practices, truly energy efficiency performance is a difficult attribute to define. For ENERGY STAR, it is most commonly 30 percent or greater energy efficiency than the national Model Energy Code (MEC). However, some states already have very rigorous codes that may approximate or exceed 30 percent greater efficiency than MEC. In these states, ENERGY STAR maintains its brand promise of substantially more efficient performance than code by also requiring at least 15 percent greater energy efficiency than the prevailing state energy code. Lastly, ENERGY STAR establishes credible performance with strong technical specifications and third party verification. Typically, this verification is provided by Home Energy Rating System (HERS) raters and/or providers who are overseen by a national organization called RESNET. For detailed information about the HERS rating system, visit the RESNET web site at www.natresnet.org.
THE CONTEXT:
‘GREEN’ BEGINS WITH ‘BLUE’
Energy Efficiency•Air Flow•Thermal Flow•Moisture Flow•Equipment
So, what is ENERGY STAR for homes? First, it’s voluntary and administered by EPA. Thus, builders are not forced to label their homes and would only choose to partner with EPA if ENERGY STAR helps them meet their business objectives. With widely varying codes, climates and building practices, truly energy efficiency performance is a difficult attribute to define. For ENERGY STAR, it is most commonly 30 percent or greater energy efficiency than the national Model Energy Code (MEC). However, some states already have very rigorous codes that may approximate or exceed 30 percent greater efficiency than MEC. In these states, ENERGY STAR maintains its brand promise of substantially more efficient performance than code by also requiring at least 15 percent greater energy efficiency than the prevailing state energy code. Lastly, ENERGY STAR establishes credible performance with strong technical specifications and third party verification. Typically, this verification is provided by Home Energy Rating System (HERS) raters and/or providers who are overseen by a national organization called RESNET. For detailed information about the HERS rating system, visit the RESNET web site at www.natresnet.org.
THE BUSINESS CASE:
BUSINESS QUESTION…
If ENERGY STAR for Homes is the solution…
What’s the Problem?
Presenter
Presentation Notes
So, what is ENERGY STAR for homes? First, it’s voluntary and administered by EPA. Thus, builders are not forced to label their homes and would only choose to partner with EPA if ENERGY STAR helps them meet their business objectives. With widely varying codes, climates and building practices, truly energy efficiency performance is a difficult attribute to define. For ENERGY STAR, it is most commonly 30 percent or greater energy efficiency than the national Model Energy Code (MEC). However, some states already have very rigorous codes that may approximate or exceed 30 percent greater efficiency than MEC. In these states, ENERGY STAR maintains its brand promise of substantially more efficient performance than code by also requiring at least 15 percent greater energy efficiency than the prevailing state energy code. Lastly, ENERGY STAR establishes credible performance with strong technical specifications and third party verification. Typically, this verification is provided by Home Energy Rating System (HERS) raters and/or providers who are overseen by a national organization called RESNET. For detailed information about the HERS rating system, visit the RESNET web site at www.natresnet.org.
PROBLEM: HOMES THAT FAIL
ControlAir Flow
ControlMoisture Flow
(Vapor, Bulk)
ControlThermal Flow
AffordableComfortable
HealthyDurable
SOLUTION: HOMES THAT WORK
ControlAir Flow
ControlMoisture Flow
(Vapor, Bulk)
ControlThermal Flow
AffordableComfortable
HealthyDurable
Control Moisture FlowVapor Bulk
Control Thermal Flow
Defining Energy Efficient
EfficientEquipment
3rd PartyVerification
Control Air Flow
AffordableComfortable
HealthyDurable
Control Moisture FlowVapor Bulk
Control Thermal Flow
EfficientEquipment
3rd PartyVerification
Control Air Flow
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Low-EWindows
EfficientHVAC
InsulationAlignment
Air Barriers
InsulataionR-Value
Air Barriers
EfficientWH System
EfficientLgtg./Appl.
Right-Sizing
Ventilation
Dehumid. inHot/Humid
InsulationInstallation
PressureBalancing
Min.ThermalBridging
HVACQuality Inst.
Water Man.Construction
ThermalEnclosure
HVAC Sys.Quality
Water Man.System
AffordableComfortable
HealthyDurable
Air Barriers
Building Materials
Defining Energy Efficient
IF ENERGY STAR QUALIFIED HOMES IS THE SOLUTION,
WHAT’S THE PROBLEM?
Energy Star V.1 Low Hanging Fruit MissingLack of Verification Infrastructure
Solution Problem
Control Moisture FlowVapor Bulk
Control Thermal Flow
EfficientEquipment
3rd PartyVerification
Control Air Flow
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
InspectFeatures
TestInfiltration
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
1996V.1
Low-EWindows
Test DuctLeakage
EfficientHVAC
AffordableComfortable
HealthyDurable
InsulationR-Value
Defining Energy Efficient
IF ENERGY STAR QUALIFIED HOMES IS THE SOLUTION,
WHAT’S THE PROBLEM?
Energy Star V.1
Energy Star V.2
Low Hanging Fruit MissingLack of Verification Infrastructure
Lack of Initial Building Science
Solution Problem
Control Moisture FlowVapor Bulk
Control Thermal Flow
EfficientEquipment
3rd PartyVerification
Control Air Flow
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
InspectFeatures
TestInfiltration
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
1996V.1
Low-EWindows
Test DuctLeakage
EfficientHVAC
InsulationAlignment
Air BarriersAir BarriersAir BarriersEfficient
WH SystemEfficient
Lgtg./Appl.Right-Sizing2006V.2
ThermalBypass Chk
AffordableComfortable
HealthyDurable
InsulationR-Value
Defining Energy Efficient
IF ENERGY STAR QUALIFIED HOMES IS THE SOLUTION,
WHAT’S THE PROBLEM?
Energy Star V.1
Energy Star V.2
Energy Star V.3
Low Hanging Fruit MissingLack of Verification Infrastructure
Lack of Initial Building Science
Lack of Complete Building Science
Solution Problem
Control Moisture FlowVapor Bulk
Control Thermal Flow
EfficientEquipment
3rd PartyVerification
Control Air Flow
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
InspectFeatures
TestInfiltration
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
1996V.1
Low-EWindows
Test DuctLeakage
EfficientHVAC
InsulationAlignment
Air BarriersAir BarriersAir BarriersEfficient
WH SystemEfficient
Lgtg./Appl.Right-Sizing2006V.2
ThermalBypass Chk
Ventilation
Dehumid. inHot/Humid
InsulationInstallation
PressureBalancing
Min.ThermalBridging
HVACQuality Inst.
2011V.3
Water Man.Construction
ThermalEnclos. ChkHVAC Sys.
QI ChkWater Man.System Chk
AffordableComfortable
HealthyDurable
InsulationR-Value
Defining Energy Efficient
Building Materials
Thermal Enclosure System:•Air Leakage•Insulation R-Value•Insulation Installation•Air Barriers•Thermal Bridging•High-Perf. Windows
Water Management System:•Roof Membranes•Flashing•WRB’s•Fabric Filters•Capillary Breaks•Drainage Layer
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLISTS
AIR SEALING
TEST PLUS INSPECT BIG HOLES
Chases
Cracks:•
Window Openings
•
Door Openings
• Sill Plates
AccessPanels
Penetrations:• Ceiling Fixtures• Vents• Plumbing
Drywall at Top Plate
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Start with the envelop Need to understand driving forces Relatively easy to make upgrades Attic sealing more important than window weatherstripping
AIR SEALING
BYPASS AT WALL/ATTIC INTERFACE
Construction adhesive shall not be used.
AIR SEALING
WALL/ATTIC INTERFACE DETAIL
AIR SEALING
WALL/ATTIC INTERFACE DETAIL
AIR SEALING
WALL/ATTIC INTERFACE DETAIL
Foam seam between drywall
and framing at top
AIR BARRIERS
INSULATION IS NOT AN AIR BARRIER
Courtesy of Blue Grass
Energy
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The image on the left shows a high-ceiling space where the top portion or the wall adjoins the attic. The infrared photo shown in the image on the right shows the result of a missing air barrier on the attic side. Dark is cold and light is hot. The wood studs are the dark vertical surfaces much cooler (e.g., darker) than the insulated spaces between them. Thus, the wood studs are providing more effective insulation than the insulation! And the wood stud has an R-value less than 4 while the insulation is rated at R-19 or five-times the thermal resistance value. If insulation is not properly installed, it’s a waste of money to buy higher R-value. As shown in this case, poorly installed insulation is not affordable.
A CHANGING WORLD
DEFECTS NO LONGER HIDDEN
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The image on the left shows a high-ceiling space where the top portion or the wall adjoins the attic. The infrared photo shown in the image on the right shows the result of a missing air barrier on the attic side. Dark is cold and light is hot. The wood studs are the dark vertical surfaces much cooler (e.g., darker) than the insulated spaces between them. Thus, the wood studs are providing more effective insulation than the insulation! And the wood stud has an R-value less than 4 while the insulation is rated at R-19 or five-times the thermal resistance value. If insulation is not properly installed, it’s a waste of money to buy higher R-value. As shown in this case, poorly installed insulation is not affordable.
AIR BARRIERS
ATTIC KNEE WALLS
Hot WallCourtesy of Building Science Corp.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This image shows a typical attic knee wall. The common construction practice is to simply install insulation between the framing against the interior dry wall without any air barrier facing the attic. Recall the infrared image earlier of the attic wall and how the insulation did not provide any value due to air flow through and around it. The result in summer conditions is a “hot wall” that makes rooms adjoining attics very uncomfortable. Once again, a thin sheathing material can be easily installed on the attic side for a complete air barrier. If the walls are only 4 inches thick, this means only 3 ½” insulation batts will fit in the wall. However, these batts will provide substantially better insulation than 6” batts without the air barrier. If the 5 ½” insulation is desired, use 6 inch framing, but note that you can increase the on-center spacing with 6” studs to mitigate the extra cost for the thicker framing.
AIR BARRIRS
INSET STAPLING = MISALIGNMENT
Presenter
Presentation Notes
First and foremost, a continuous air barrier is critical for insulation to work properly. The interior air barrier is typically the finished walls, floor and ceiling, but in many instances special air barrier details will be needed. To be effective, the insulation needs to be in full contact with the interior air barrier. And this barrier must fully enclose the conditioned space without any gaps. An exterior air barrier is also needed and this is typically provided by the exterior sheathing. Note, however, in the diagram the air barrier shown at the attic “knee wall” on the attic side is commonly not included in most homes. Without this air barrier, the insulation is exposed to the attic allowing hot or cold air to flow through the insulation and effectively kill its value. A variety of thin sheathing materials or rigid insulation can be used to compete the exterior air barrier at these walls. Today, builders and architects are learning that aligned air barriers are so critical that they are starting to include in their construction drawings diagrams of the continuous air barrier and all details needed for a complete installation and full insulation contact. A home built with proper insulation has much more value.
Nearly every two story home with a central return has this double whammy problem…. Leaky return duct sucks in hot attic air – and open bypass allows easy exit of air
AIR BARRIERS
WHY COMPLETE AIR BARRIER
7070o o FF
7070o o FF
130130o o FF
100100o o FF 9090o o FF
DROPPED CEILING
Courtesy of Building Science Corp.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Builders of these homes shown here understand the importance of a complete air barrier. They have planned ahead for simple air barrier details by making their framers responsible for installing sheathing (e.g., dry wall or plywood) at dropped ceiling locations before they are framed. Also note the detailed air sealing work with white caulking at the edges and seams of the plywood air barrier on the right. Proper insulation and air barriers don’t cost a lot more, but add a lot of value to homes.
Wind intrusion, what’s that?
Perimeter radiant heating?No, wind intrusion.
Solution?Space age material
WIND BAFFLES AT EACH BAY
ATTIC ACCESS PANEL PROBLEM
AIR BARRIERS
GRAVITY MAKES THINGS FALL… EVEN INSULATION
AIR BARRIERS
GARAGE/CANTILEVER FLOOR
Garage Ceiling
Conditioned Room
Summer
AIR BARRIERS
GARAGE/CANTILEVER FLOOR
Garage Ceiling
Conditioned Room
Winter
AIR BARRIERS
CANTILEVERED FLOOR PROBLEM
Courtesy of Fort Collins Utilities
AIR BARRIERS
INSULATED FLOOR SOLUTION
AIR BARRIERS
SPRAY FOAM GARAGE CEILING
Void
Compression
Gap
Misalignment
INSULATION INSTALLATION
PROBLEM
0 1 2 3 4 5 605
10152025303540
EFFECT OF GAPS AND SPACES ON BATT INSULATION EFFECTIVENESS
Percent of Voids in Insulation
Net Effective R-Value
Source: Insulate and Weatherize by Bruce Harley, 2002
There are factory-built insulated wall assemblies available today that, by virtue of how they are manufactured and assembled in the field, ensure full alignment of insulation with the integrated air barriers including no gaps, voids or compression. One of these materials, called Structural Insulated Panels or SIPs, are whole wall panels composed of insulated foam board glued to both an internal and external layer of wood sheathing, typically OSB or plywood. This assembly will often be manufactured with precut window openings, chases to run wiring, and splines for adjoining panels together. A house built with SIPs and carefully sealed at all joints will be very comfortable and offers another good insulation option that can help avoid moisture problems.
SIP Panel
INSULATION INSTALLATION
BAND JOIST INSULATION SOLUTION
Presenter
Presentation Notes
There are factory-built insulated wall assemblies available today that, by virtue of how they are manufactured and assembled in the field, ensure full alignment of insulation with the integrated air barriers including no gaps, voids or compression. One of these materials, called Structural Insulated Panels or SIPs, are whole wall panels composed of insulated foam board glued to both an internal and external layer of wood sheathing, typically OSB or plywood. This assembly will often be manufactured with precut window openings, chases to run wiring, and splines for adjoining panels together. A house built with SIPs and carefully sealed at all joints will be very comfortable and offers another good insulation option that can help avoid moisture problems.
THERMAL BRIDGING
FRAMING PROBLEM
THERMAL BRIDGING
ADVANCED FRAMING: CORNERS
Courtesy of Southface Institute
Courtesy of Building Science Corp.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Corners can be framed with two studs using either drywall clips or drywall backer strips that make it easy to run insulation all the way to the corner without any gap. Moreover, since the two pieces of drywall meeting at the corner are now anchored to the same stud, you reduce the likelihood of corner cracking that commonly occurs. This is because with three-stud corners the corner drywall is anchored to two different studs that separately twist (e.g., warp) and move at different rates leading to cracking of the taped joint.
THERMAL BRIDGING
ADVANCED FRAMING: WALL INTERSECTIONS
Advanced Framing: Ladder T – Allows insulation in exterior wall cavity at wall intersections
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Wall intersections can be framed several different ways to eliminate the gap with three-stud intersections. The technique shown in this home is to use horizontal strips between the two studs bounding the wall intersection. These strips allow continuous insulation in the exterior wall cavity while also providing a nailing base to attach drywall.
THERMAL BRIDGING
ADVANCED FRAMING: WALL INTERSECTIONS
Ladder BlockingContinuous 2x6 behind
2x4
2x6 Nailing Stud1” Gap
Courtesy of Building Science Corp.
THERMAL BRIDGING
ADVANCED FRAMING
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Again, it is often hard to believe that wood is such an expensive building material when you can often see framing like this. The result is that the wood framing percent of wall area can easily add up to be 25 percent or higher. In other words, as much as ¼ of the wall area or more is poorly insulated. In contrast, look at a wall with advanced framing. As just mentioned, you only need one stud on either side of a framed opening. With thicker framing (e.g., 6” vs. 4”) the spacing between studs can be increased for further savings and more space for insulation. Along with other advanced framing details, wood framing can easily be reduced from 25 percent to 8 percent with the same or better structural performance, dramatically better comfort and lower energy bills.
THERMAL BRIDGING
ADVANCED FRAMING: WINDOWS & DOORS
One pair of king studsOne pair jack studs
Additional only as needed for structural support
Cripple studs as needed to maintain on-center spacing of studs
72
THERMAL BRIDGING
ADVANCED FRAMING: INSULATED HEADERS
THERMAL BRIDGING
RIGID INSULATION SHEATHING
THERMAL BRIDGING
RIGID INSULATION SHEATHING
Courtesy of Building Science Corp.
THERMAL BRIDGING
STRUCTURAL INSULATION SHEATHING
THERMAL BRIDGING
ADVANCED WALL SYSTEMS
SIPs
ICF
DoubleWall
Presenter
Presentation Notes
There are factory-built insulated wall assemblies available today that, by virtue of how they are manufactured and assembled in the field, ensure full alignment of insulation with the integrated air barriers including no gaps, voids or compression. One of these materials, called Structural Insulated Panels or SIPs, are whole wall panels composed of insulated foam board glued to both an internal and external layer of wood sheathing, typically OSB or plywood. This assembly will often be manufactured with precut window openings, chases to run wiring, and splines for adjoining panels together. A house built with SIPs and carefully sealed at all joints will be very comfortable and offers another good insulation option that can help avoid moisture problems.
THERMAL BRIDGING
RAISED HEEL TRUSSES
THERMAL BRIDGING
RAISED HEEL TRUSS ALTERNATIVE
Spray Foam Plug
Attic Insulation
Verify Depth =75% R-Value
Wind Baffle
THERMAL BRIDGING
RAISED PLATFORM FRAMING
THERMAL ENCLOSURE SYSTEM VALUE PROPOSITION
• Visibly better quality• Superior comfort and health• Future resale value
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Cracks around windows and doors must be effectively sealed. This is because they are built with a rough framed opening leaving a large air space on all sides that must be sealed to avoid infiltration. This is an infrared image taken of the front of a home in winter. Blue indicates cold temperature where less heat is escaping from indoors, and green and black indicate hotter temperatures where heat is escaping from indoors. Based on this image, there are high thermal losses from the windows and doors as would be expected due to their much lower R-value compared to an insulated wall. However, also note the thermal losses from the cracks and framing around the windows and doors. There are also excessive losses around at the framed box openings for exterior lights. Affordable homes are built much tighter than this for little extra cost with profound improvements in energy bills, comfort and indoor air quality.
Water Management System:•Roof Membranes•Flashing•WRB’s•Fabric Filters•Capillary Breaks•Drainage Layer
Thermal Enclosure System:•Air Leakage•Insulation R-Value•Insulation Installation•Air Barriers•Thermal Bridging•High-Perf. Windows
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLISTS
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
11 12 13 14 15Rated SEER
Typical Installation
HVAC SYSTEM QUALITY INSTALLATIONFi
eld
Adj
uste
d SE
ER
Courtesy of Advanced Energy Corp.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
SEER 12 equipment has often been found to be no better than SEER 7.5. This graph is used to help the class to understand the affect of each measure on systems in place in the field. This graph also helps see the priority for bringing a company to excellent installation practice.
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
11 12 13 14 15Rated SEER
Typical Installation
Correct Flow 0.5Proper Charge 1.5
Sized Right .75Airtight Ducts 2.0
Courtesy of Advanced Energy Corp.
Fiel
d A
djus
ted
SEER
HVAC SYSTEM QUALITY INSTALLATION
Presenter
Presentation Notes
SEER 12 equipment has often been found to be no better than SEER 7.5. This graph is used to help the class to understand the affect of each measure on systems in place in the field. This graph also helps see the priority for bringing a company to excellent installation practice.
Equipment (ACCA Manual J/S)Ducts (ACCA Manual D)
Flow Across CoilRoom-by-Room Air Flow
Static Pressure
TestingTXV Valve
Matched ComponentsSensible Heat Ratio
HV
AC
Con
trac
tor Right-Sizing
Equipment Selection
Air Distribution
Refrigerant Charge
HVAC QUALITY INSTALLATION
Duct InstallationR-8 Ducts in Attic
Leakage to Outdoors and TotalPressure Balancing
HVAC QUALITY INSTALLATIONH
ERS
Rat
er
Load Design InputsInstalled Equipment Size
Matching Equipment Measure Flow Across Coil
Refrigerant CalculationsControl Operations
Verify Supply/Return Grill Counts
Duct Installation
Sizing/Selection
Exit grille is over here !
PRESSURE BALANCING: PROBLEM
Courtesy of Building Science Corp.
PRESSURE BALANCING: SOLUTION: TRANSFER GRILLS
PRESSURE BALANCING: SOLUTION: TRANSFER GRILLS
PRESSURE BALANCING: SOLUTION: JUMP DUCT
WHOLE-HOUSE VENTILATION
FRESH AIR DAMPER
DUCTED FRESH AIR SUPPLYCONTINUOUS EXHAUST
WHOLE-HOUSE VENTILATION
THRU-WALL EXHAUST/SUPPLY
WHOLE-HOUSE VENTILATION
ERV AND HRV
SPOT VENTILATION
FILTRATION
Duct
Tight fit cover slot
> MERV 6 Filter snug against frame with fan pressure
FAU Fan
Angle frame for filter
AirFlow
HVAC QUALITY INSTALLATION VALUE PROPOSITION
•
Get What You Pay For•
Engineered Comfort - Thermal Control - Humidity Control - Noise Control
•
Assured Fresh/Filtered Air
Water Management System:•Roof Membranes•Flashing•WRB’s•Fabric Filters•Capillary Breaks•Drainage Layer
Thermal Enclosure System:•Air Leakage•Insulation R-Value•Insulation Installation•Air Barriers•Thermal Bridging•High-Perf. Windows
Perforated drainage pipe in gravel with fabric filter
CAPILLARY BREAKS
POLY UNDER SLABVAPOR AND RADON BARRIER
UNVENTED CRAWLSPACE
CAPILLARY BREAKS = RADON BREAKS
Water Management System Value Proposition
• Better protection for largest investment• Lower maintenance
• Healthier home
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Cracks around windows and doors must be effectively sealed. This is because they are built with a rough framed opening leaving a large air space on all sides that must be sealed to avoid infiltration. This is an infrared image taken of the front of a home in winter. Blue indicates cold temperature where less heat is escaping from indoors, and green and black indicate hotter temperatures where heat is escaping from indoors. Based on this image, there are high thermal losses from the windows and doors as would be expected due to their much lower R-value compared to an insulated wall. However, also note the thermal losses from the cracks and framing around the windows and doors. There are also excessive losses around at the framed box openings for exterior lights. Affordable homes are built much tighter than this for little extra cost with profound improvements in energy bills, comfort and indoor air quality.
THE BUSINESS CASE:
ENERGY STAR V3 30-YR. WARRANTYDurabilityWarranty
No Moisture Damage to Structure*No Thermal Defects*90% UV Sunlight BlockedNo Window Condensation*Longer Equipment LifeNo Termite Damage to Structure*
Lead-Free*Asbestos-Free*Particulates Filtered to 3 Microns*Mold-Free*Combustion Gas-Free150,000 CF per Day Fresh/Filtered Air*VOC-Free*Formaldehyde-Free*Pest-Free*Radon-Free*
IF ENERGY STAR QUALIFIED HOMES IS THE SOLUTION,
WHAT’S THE PROBLEM?
Energy Star V.4
Energy Star V.1
Energy Star V.2
Energy Star V.3
Lack of Net-Zero Ready Definition
Low Hanging Fruit MissingLack of Verification Infrastructure
Lack of Initial Building Science
Lack of Complete Building Science
Solution Problem
Control Moisture FlowVapor Bulk
Control Thermal Flow
EfficientEquipment
3rd PartyVerificatneion
Control Air Flow
50%>Air Sealing
Ducts InCondit. Sp.
50%>Air Sealing
Ducts InCondit. Sp.
InspectFeatures
TestInfiltration
50%>Air Sealing
Ducts InCondit. Sp.
1996V.1
SuperWindows
Test DuctLeakage
Super Eff.HVAC
InsulationAlignment
Air BarriersAir BarriersAir BarriersEnergy StarWH System
EfficientLgtg./Appl.Right-Sizing2006
V.2
ThermalBypass Chk
Ventilation
Dehumid. inHot/Humid
InsulationInstallation
PressureBalancing
Min.ThermalBridging
HVACQuality Inst.
2011V.3
Water Man.Construction
ThermalEnclos. ChkHVAC Sys.
QI ChkWater Man.System Chk
AffordableComfortable
HealthyDurable
Insulation50%>Code
1996V.4
Eff. WaterDistrib.
Water Eff.Fixtures
Defining Net Zero-Ready
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Air Sealing
Tight Ducts
Low-EWindows
EfficientHVAC
InsulationR-Value
EfficientWH System
RenewablePower
(Purchase orOn-site)
OccupantBehavior
Advanced Design
Advanced Technologies
ENERGYSTAR
Version 3
PATH TO NET-ZERO HOMES
EPA Indoor airPlus
THE BUSINESS CASE:
ENERGY STAR CONCEPT HOME
Net-Zero Ready ~30% - 50% Less•
Square Feet with 100% Function•
Cooling/Heating Loads•
Framing•
Ducts•
Plumbing•
HVAC Equipment •
Waste•
Construction Time
~70% Less Call-Backs
THE BUSINESS CASE:
RESPONDING TO NEW NORMAL
•
Attract Smaller Universe of Buyers
•
Male Price-Based Competition Obsolete
•
Exceed High-Performance Expectations
•
Bring on the Infrared Cameras
THE METRICS:
ENERGY STAR QUALIFIED HOMES
Policy:
Carbon Reduction/Yr.Consumer:
Savings/Yr. (Energy, $/Yr.)Business:
Value/Builder Partner
Presenter
Presentation Notes
So, what is ENERGY STAR for homes? First, it’s voluntary and administered by EPA. Thus, builders are not forced to label their homes and would only choose to partner with EPA if ENERGY STAR helps them meet their business objectives. With widely varying codes, climates and building practices, truly energy efficiency performance is a difficult attribute to define. For ENERGY STAR, it is most commonly 30 percent or greater energy efficiency than the national Model Energy Code (MEC). However, some states already have very rigorous codes that may approximate or exceed 30 percent greater efficiency than MEC. In these states, ENERGY STAR maintains its brand promise of substantially more efficient performance than code by also requiring at least 15 percent greater energy efficiency than the prevailing state energy code. Lastly, ENERGY STAR establishes credible performance with strong technical specifications and third party verification. Typically, this verification is provided by Home Energy Rating System (HERS) raters and/or providers who are overseen by a national organization called RESNET. For detailed information about the HERS rating system, visit the RESNET web site at www.natresnet.org.
Federal debt as a percentage of gross domestic product
SOURCE: Congressional Budget Office | The Washington Post ‐
July 31, 2010
THE METRICS:
ENERGY STAR HOMES VS. HOME STAR
½ of 1%
Presenter
Presentation Notes
So, what is ENERGY STAR for homes? First, it’s voluntary and administered by EPA. Thus, builders are not forced to label their homes and would only choose to partner with EPA if ENERGY STAR helps them meet their business objectives. With widely varying codes, climates and building practices, truly energy efficiency performance is a difficult attribute to define. For ENERGY STAR, it is most commonly 30 percent or greater energy efficiency than the national Model Energy Code (MEC). However, some states already have very rigorous codes that may approximate or exceed 30 percent greater efficiency than MEC. In these states, ENERGY STAR maintains its brand promise of substantially more efficient performance than code by also requiring at least 15 percent greater energy efficiency than the prevailing state energy code. Lastly, ENERGY STAR establishes credible performance with strong technical specifications and third party verification. Typically, this verification is provided by Home Energy Rating System (HERS) raters and/or providers who are overseen by a national organization called RESNET. For detailed information about the HERS rating system, visit the RESNET web site at www.natresnet.org.
THE METRICS:
RETURN ON TAX PAYER INVESTMENT
15-Year Investment:
$.025 Billion[total program costs]
Return:
~$1.5 Billion[consumer energy savings]
~$1 Billion[local govt. tax revenue]
~$1 Billion[non-participant savings]
~450,000 Cars[GHGC emission savings]
Presenter
Presentation Notes
So, what is ENERGY STAR for homes? First, it’s voluntary and administered by EPA. Thus, builders are not forced to label their homes and would only choose to partner with EPA if ENERGY STAR helps them meet their business objectives. With widely varying codes, climates and building practices, truly energy efficiency performance is a difficult attribute to define. For ENERGY STAR, it is most commonly 30 percent or greater energy efficiency than the national Model Energy Code (MEC). However, some states already have very rigorous codes that may approximate or exceed 30 percent greater efficiency than MEC. In these states, ENERGY STAR maintains its brand promise of substantially more efficient performance than code by also requiring at least 15 percent greater energy efficiency than the prevailing state energy code. Lastly, ENERGY STAR establishes credible performance with strong technical specifications and third party verification. Typically, this verification is provided by Home Energy Rating System (HERS) raters and/or providers who are overseen by a national organization called RESNET. For detailed information about the HERS rating system, visit the RESNET web site at www.natresnet.org.
HOW TO GET MORE INFORMATION
On the Web at:http://www.energystar.gov/homes
ENERGY STAR NEW SPEC TRANSITION
Version Description
2.0 2006 Guidelines
2.5 Version 3 Reference Design with Air Barriers and Air Sealing Checklist Items
3.0 Version 3 Reference Design with All Checklists
4.0 ENERGY STAR Concept Home (Version 3 + EPA IAP + Adv. Techs.)
ENERGY STAR New Homes Implementation Schedule
Permit Date
Before 1/1/2011
On or After 1/1/2011
On or After 1/1/2012
Single Family Homes
7/1/2010 1/1/2011 7/1/2011 1/1/2012
Condos/Apts. in Multi-Family Buildings
All Homes
Building Completion Date7/1/2012
All Homes
All HomesAny Time
Version 2.0Version 2.5
Version 3.0Concept Home
V2.0
V2.0 V2.5 V3.0
V3.0
V2.5 V3.0
V3.0
Concept Home
BUILDING SCIENCE
WHY COMPLETE AIR BARRIER
7070o o FF
7070o o FF
3030o o FF
5050o o FF 3030o o FF
BUILDING SCIENCE
WHY COMPLETE AIR BARRIER
7070o o FF
7070o o FF
130130o o FF
100100o o FF 9090o o FF
REFERENCE DESIGN: CLIMATE ZONE 5 EFFICIENT HEATING/COOLING
REFERENCE DESIGN: CLIMATE ZONE 5 EFFICIENT ENVELOPE
REFERENCE DESIGN: CLIMATE ZONE 5 EFFICIENT COMPONENTS
Albuquerque Code vs. ENERGY STAR V.3 Areas Where Code More Stringent
•
R-21 vs. R13 Wall Insulation•
Cool Roof Requirement vs. None
•
R-4 Hot Water Pipe Insulation vs. None•
Low-Flow Faucets/Shower Heads vs. None
Albuquerque Code vs. ENERGY STAR V.3 Areas Where ENERGY STAR More Stringent
•
Maximum WFA of 15%•
TEC Requirements - Grade 1 Insulation Installation (Only Implied in Code) - Thermal Bridging - Air Barrier Visual Inspection - Expanded Air Barrier Alignment
•
Lower Air Infiltration (5 vs. 6 ACH50)•
High Efficiency Furnace - 90% AFUE vs. NAECA-minimum
Albuquerque Code vs. ENERGY STAR V.3 Areas Where ENERGY STAR More Stringent
