sameer morar programme manager rand water: implementing agent

Harties, Metsi a me – “My Harties, Metsi a me – “My water”water”

www.dwaf.gov.za/hartiese-mail: [email protected]

Sameer MorarSameer MorarProgramme ManagerProgramme ManagerRand Water: Implementing AgentRand Water: Implementing Agent

www.dwa.gov.za/harties

HHARTBEESPOORT ARTBEESPOORT DDAMAM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL

REMEDIATION PROGRAMMEREMEDIATION PROGRAMME

HHARTBEESPOORT ARTBEESPOORT DDAMAM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL

REMEDIATION PROGRAMMEREMEDIATION PROGRAMME

WISA Conference 2010



Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

• Geographical Orientation & StatisticsGeographical Orientation & Statistics

• Problem StatementProblem Statement

• ChallengesChallenges

• Programme BackgroundProgramme Background

• Programme StructureProgramme Structure



Geographical Location

Republic of South Africa

Crocodile West Marico Catchment

Hartbeespoort Dam

Bojanala District Municipality

Madibeng Local Municipality



WMA 3: Crocodile (West) and Marico - Land UseCWM-WMA total population estimated ± 4.9 million people

(1995 data).

Upper Crocodile Sub-area: 2.2 million people

Apies-Pienaars Sub-area: 2.2 million people Elands River Sub-area:

370 000 people

Lower Crocodile: 150 000 people



• Hartbeespoort Dam 1 of 9 Hypertrophy in RSAHartbeespoort Dam 1 of 9 Hypertrophy in RSA

• 7 of 9 in Crocodile Marico Catchments7 of 9 in Crocodile Marico Catchments

●



ExcessivelyExcessively enriched by the enriched by the nutrients nutrients phosphatephosphate & & nitrogennitrogen

SolarSolar Radiation & TempRadiation & Temp Wind, Turbidity, Vegetation, Wind, Turbidity, Vegetation,

FoodwebFoodweb

What is a hypertrophic What is a hypertrophic dam?dam?

where algal growth is limited by physical or biological conditions



Hartbeespoort Dam 2016 Hartbeespoort Dam 2016 hectareshectares



Infrastructure - Hartbeespoort Infrastructure - Hartbeespoort DamDam

• Catchment Area:Catchment Area: 4 112 km4 112 km22

• Mean Annual Rainfall:Mean Annual Rainfall: 670 mm670 mm

• Mean Annual Evaporation:Mean Annual Evaporation: 1 690 (S) / 1 246 (D)1 690 (S) / 1 246 (D)

• Mean Annual Run-off:Mean Annual Run-off: 163 million m163 million m33

• Surface Area:Surface Area: 2 016 ha2 016 ha

• Full Supply Capacity:Full Supply Capacity: 195 million m195 million m33

• Firm Yield (1990):Firm Yield (1990): 158 million m158 million m33

• Urban runoff/return flows:Urban runoff/return flows: 103 million m103 million m33

• Wall height:Wall height: 59 m59 m

• Crest length:Crest length: 101 m101 m



What does Hartbeespoort What does Hartbeespoort Dam Look like?Dam Look like?



Health Risk Environmental Smell Recreational Water Purification Property

Development Downstream

water use and

loss

ImpactsImpacts and Challengesand Challenges



Problem StatementProblem Statement• 700+ Mega Liters of purified sewage p/d• 280+ tons of phosphate p/a.• Depleted riparian variation & in-stream habitat• Shrinking wetlands• Toxic microcystis algal blooms• Exotic water plants (Hyacinths)• Exotic fish (Carp, Barbel, Canary Kurper)• Distorted food web and fish population• Depleted diversity in catchment and dam• Impacts from Desertification / Social Drought



CROCODILE RIVER

Average inflow (Volume ) = 170 mil m³ ?

Average PO4 concentration = 0.12 mg/l

Modelled load PO4 = 166 000 kg/a (80 - 300 x10³)

Point discharges = 620 Ml x 365 days x 1.0 mg/l

= 226 300 kg/a

Direct discharges =440 Ml/d x 365 days x 1.0 mg/l

= 160 600 kg/a

MAGALIES RIVER

Volume = 18 mil m³

Concentration total P = 0.0582 mg/l

Load total P = 1047 kg/a

USAGE FROM DAM

Volume = 176 mil m³


Load total P = 29 920 kg/a

IN HARTEBEESPOORT DAM: Full level

Volume = 205 mil m³


Load total P = 25 010 kg

HARTEBEESPOORT DAM SEDIMENTS

Volume =(i) 194,6 mil m³ TP or

= (ii) 2062 ha x 20 cm

Total P = (i) 1230 mg/kg or bio-avail. PO4= (ii) 0.44 mg/kg

(580 ?)

Load P = (i) 1,79 X108 kg or

Bio-avail. = (ii) 881 kg

(1 195 653 kg)

HARTBEESPOORT DAM TOTAL PHOSPHATE MASS BALANCE

?INCOMING SEDIMENTS



THE THE PROGRAMME...PROGRAMME...

HARTBEESPOORT DAM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL REMEDIATION

PROGRAMME (HDRP)



INITIATION OF HBP DAM INITIATION OF HBP DAM REMEDIATION PROJECT REMEDIATION PROJECT

• State of Hbp Dam: implications on tourism industry in NW, economical growth, environmental and human health

• NW Gov allocated budget of R1.3 mil in 2004• Broad objective: NWP in collaboration with other

dept wants specialist study + recommendations to address problems with WQ of Hbp Dam

• Request for proposals in April 2003



PROJECT HISTORYPROJECT HISTORY

•Activities started on 25 Aug ’03 and last submission was in Mar ’05

•2 main final reports:– Action Plan (2 volumes) – Oct ’04

– Fish Community Study HBPD – Feb ’05

•Publish Plan – Env Man Series 5 – Oct ’05

•DWAF appoint RW implementing agent Jun ’06

•DG DWAF instruct fast tracking – May ’07



SUMMARY OF FINDINGSSUMMARY OF FINDINGS• Microcystin levels in cyanobacterial algae threat

to human & environmental health at times• Uncontrolled development increases pressure:

Integrated Catchment Management• Dedicated & Committed management structure

– Water Management Institutions and CMA’s• NB: Every relevant authority must take up

responsibility for their mandate

CONDITIONS IN THE DAM CAN BE IMPROVED SIGNIFICANTLY



SUMMARY OF FINDINGSSUMMARY OF FINDINGSMAIN ISSUES IDENTIFIEDMAIN ISSUES IDENTIFIED

1)1) Water quality management (point and Water quality management (point and non-point sources)non-point sources)

2)2) Fisheries management (bio-manipulation)Fisheries management (bio-manipulation)

3)3) Recreational Activity Control & Boating Recreational Activity Control & Boating regulationsregulations

4)4) Recreational access opportunitiesRecreational access opportunities

5)5) Ecologically valuable areas & land Ecologically valuable areas & land managementmanagement

6)6) Public awareness & education programsPublic awareness & education programs



MANAGEMENT MEASURESMANAGEMENT MEASURESWATER QUALITYWATER QUALITY

• Enhance wastewater treatment: external P Enhance wastewater treatment: external P loading to be reducedloading to be reduced

• Improve management of urban & farming Improve management of urban & farming activitiesactivities

• Study required to assess remediation of sediment Study required to assess remediation of sediment in damin dam

• Physical removal of algal scumsPhysical removal of algal scums

• Regular monitoring of microcystin levelsRegular monitoring of microcystin levels

• Possible instream treatment - Croc RiverPossible instream treatment - Croc River



MANAGEMENT MEASURESMANAGEMENT MEASURESFISHERIESFISHERIES

Community based fisheries:Community based fisheries:

• First 2 years – carp and catfishFirst 2 years – carp and catfish

• Estimated annual income is R 768 000-R 1 Estimated annual income is R 768 000-R 1 152 000 for 1st year and R 1 536 00-R 2 304 152 000 for 1st year and R 1 536 00-R 2 304 000 for 2000 for 2ndnd yr yr

• Third year – Mozambique tilapiaThird year – Mozambique tilapia

• Estimated income is Estimated income is R 3 840 000 – R 11 R 3 840 000 – R 11 520 000,520 000, depending on amount of fish (200 depending on amount of fish (200 – 300 t/y) and market price (R10 - 20/kg)– 300 t/y) and market price (R10 - 20/kg)



MANAGEMENT MEASURESMANAGEMENT MEASURESRECREATIONAL USERECREATIONAL USE

• Zoning of damZoning of dam• Boating regulationsBoating regulations• Fishing regulationsFishing regulations• Public accessPublic access• Develop & implement Resource ManagementDevelop & implement Resource Management

Plan (RMP) – 3Plan (RMP) – 3rdrd draft Feb 2010 draft Feb 2010



MANAGEMENT MEASURESMANAGEMENT MEASURESECOLOGICALLY VALUABLE ECOLOGICALLY VALUABLE

AREASAREAS

– Shoreline habitat assessment & Shoreline habitat assessment & management planmanagement plan

– Shoreline and wetland restorationShoreline and wetland restoration– Revegetation Revegetation – Establishment of Floating wetlandsEstablishment of Floating wetlands



ImplementationImplementation•Draft 1 BP Oct 2006

•BP Feb 2007

•Draft 1 fast track BP May 2007

•Draft 2 fast track BP July 2007

•BP 2007/08 Oct 2007

•BP 2008/09 Oct 2008

•BP 2009/10

•BP 2010/15 April 2010



Overall Objectives: HDRPOverall Objectives: HDRP

• Implement IWRM principals in Catchment to enhance Growth, Development and Work Creation.

• Determine, Optimise & Manage Physical and Biological conditions in the dam to ensure reduction in algae (blue-green) and biomass.



JJob ob CCreationreation JJob ob CCreationreationEstablished jobs:

• 19 people as part of shoreline & floating islands

• 47 people as part of algae and hyacinth & debris removal

In process: SME Development• Large opportunities during Silt removal• Recycling project will create jobs for local

communities – vermiculture• Aqua Culture, Recreation Guiding & Fly Fishing



CCapacity apacity BBuildinguilding

• DWA Regional Staff knowledge transfer

• Develop & implement tools to improve cooperative governance in terms of Environmental & Water Authorisations

• Communities, Mining & Industry, Local Authorities to implement waste minimisation, recycling and rainwater harvesting.

• SME development: Floating Islands Organic recycling & vermiculture Sediment treatment



OOperational perational ChallengesChallengesTTiming 3 years extensive implementation program iming 3 years extensive implementation program towards institutional development:towards institutional development:

• Regulate recreational use and implement RMP• Biomass management, labour vs. mechanised• Establish artificial vegetation – floating wetlands (Resourse Q uality

Objectives)• Point source vs. catchment management• Water allocation: – fluctuating level & Operating rules

– Socio Economic impact balanced with G&D Alternatives

• Research & Development• Interdependencies• Practical implementation• Cost benefit analyses



Overarching Infrastructure Focus Areas

• Inter Governmental Forum(HDSC)

• Project Management (HDCC/PCO)

• Communication and Awareness

– Communication Centre– Interactive Website– School Projects

• Integrated Monitoring Programme

• Data & Information Management

• Supporting Research & Development

• Environmental Management• Fund Raising & Sponsorhip

Dambasin Focus Areas• Fisheries management

and monitoring• Biomass Management

– Control and removal of Algae and Hyacinths

– Shoreline vegetation– Floating mezocosms

• Control of recreational activities

– Assistance and enforcements

• Sediment management• Resource Management

Plan• Water Management

Institute

Catchment Management Focus Areas

• River water diversion and treatment options (pre-impoundment)

• Wetlands and riverbank remediation

• Phosphate reduction at source and compliance

• Aquaculture hub • Vermiculture• Fly fishing• Waste minimisation• Socio-economic model• Compliance and

enforcement



[ICC1] * Information & Communication Centre (Tan’ Malie & Dam Wall)

Information, Communication & Knowledge Centres {ICC} Operation and Maintenance {OM}

[OM1] * RMP Development and Implementation- RMP Development- Implementation and Regulation of Local Rules- Control of recreational activities

Medium to Long Term Catchment {MLC}

[MLC1] Support to Harties Metsi a me programme (HWAG, NGO’s)

Compliance and Enforcement {CE}

[MLC2] * Artlure-Fishing in support to WfGD

[CE5] * Integrated Monitoring Programmes

[CE1] * Water Use Authorisations for Dam Basin and Surrounding Catchment- Interim Resource Quality Objectives- Operational Guidelines & Practices - Concept Water Use Authorisations- Water Use Auditing- Stakeholder engagement

HARTBEESPOORT DAM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL REMEDIATION PROGRAMME

[OM5] * Sediment Management- Pilot & Feasibility - Implementation

[ICC2] Kommando Nek & Oberon - Knowledge & Eco Centres* Fish and foodweb restructuring information hub* Shoreline & Floating wetlands information hub* Sustainable development information hub* Waste minimisation information hub

[OM6] * ICC Operations- School programmes- Information centre programmes- Communication Centre Information Exchange- Knowledge Centre operations

[OM2] Foodweb Restructuring2.1 * Foodweb monitoring2.2 * Parallel Fish Harvesting

[OM3] * Biomass Harvesting, Removal and Treatment- Algae harvesting and pumping- Hyacinths & Debris removal- Vermiculture to support waste minimisation (Dam Wall etc.)- Roodeplaat Biomass management

[OM4] * Biomass Establishment- Shoreline remediation- Floating wetlands- Wetland establishment

[PC3] Transformation, Community Development and Support* 3.1 Private and Corporate Support and Coordination* 3.2 Training, Capacity Building and Skills Transfer* 3.3 SMME Development

[PC1] Programme Coordination * 1.1 Project Co-ordinating Office (PCO)* 1.2 Office management* 1.3 Administration & Invoicing* 1.4 Steering Committee & Development of IGF* 1.5 Coordinating Committee* 1.6 General Coordination & Programme Meetings (Internal)* 1.7 Programme Meetings (External)* 1.8 Documentation and Reporting

[ICC3] Ifafi Wetland Information Centre* Wetland information hub

[ICC4] Aquaculture Information Centre* Aquaculture information hub

[ICC5] Vermiculture Information Centre * Vermiculture information hub

[CE2] * Water Use Authorisations for Hartbeespoort Catchment- Interim Resource Quality Objectives- Operational Guidelines & Practices - Concept Water Use Authorisations- Water Use Auditing- Stakeholder engagement- Socio Economic Modeling & Decision Making

[CE3] * Water Use Authorisations for Crocodile (West) Marico Catchment- Interim Resource Quality Objectives- Operational Guidelines & Practices - Concept Water Use Authorisations- Water Use Auditing- Stakeholder engagement

[CE4] Operational Best Practices4.1 * Waste Minimisation & Recycling4.2 * Wetlands & Instream habitats

[MLC4] Downstream Eutrophication Control

[MLC5] Pre-impoundment, River diversion and Treatment of Inflowing Water

[MLC3] Nutrient Management

LEGEND

Programme Control {PC}

{ } Sub-programmes

* Catchment Projects (PEPs)

* Dambasin Projects (PEPs)

* Overarching Projects (PEPs)

[PC2] Rand Water Implementation* 2.1 Office Support* 2.2 SHEQ Compliance* 2.3 Policy and Legal Issues* 2.4 Assets (Equipment)* 2.5 Assets (Infrastructure) * 2.6 Technical and Maintenance support* 2.7 Engineering Services* 2.8 Scientific Continuous Development

[ ] Key Focus Areas

[MLC6] Instream and Stormwater Litter Traps

Support {SP}

[SP2] * Information Management

[SP1] * Communication and Awareness



Programme CoordinationProgramme Coordination

• Documentation and Reporting

• Programme Meetings (External)

• Coordination Committee• Steering Committee and Development of IGF

• Office Management

• Project Co-ordination Office (PCO)

• Administration and Invoicing

• General Coordination & Programme Meetings (Internal)



Foodweb RestructuringFoodweb Restructuring• FishFish

– Removed substantial Removed substantial volumevolume

– Decline in carp/catfishDecline in carp/catfish

• ZooplanktonZooplankton– Increase in species Increase in species

Daphnia pulex/D magnaDaphnia pulex/D magna

• PhytoplantonPhytoplanton– MicrocystisMicrocystis replaced as replaced as

dominant species (Jul – dominant species (Jul – Nov)Nov)

– Filamentous algae in Filamentous algae in littoral zone (evident of littoral zone (evident of positive plant succession)positive plant succession)

a

fe

c)

b

h

d g

i

Energy and nutrient flow more efficient



Species Composition

Oreochromis mossambicus

(Mozambique Tilapia) Chetia flaviventris(Canary Kurper)

Tilapia sparrmanii (Banded Tilapia)

Pseudocrenilabrus philander

(Southern Mouthbrooder)

Micropterus salmoides

(Largemouth Bass) Cyprinus carpio (Carp)

Barbus unitaeniatus

(Longbeard Barb)

Clarias gariepinus (Sharptooth Catfish)Barbus mattozi (Papermouth)

Barbus trimaculatus (Threespot Barb) Labeobarbus marequensis (Largescale Yellowfish)

Labeobarbus polylepis (Smallscale Yellowfish)

Barbus paludinosus(Straightfin Barb)

Dam Basin ProjectsDam Basin Projects



Dam Basin ProjectsDam Basin ProjectsEvaluation of the Trophic Structure of Evaluation of the Trophic Structure of the Fish Communitythe Fish Community



Dam Basin ProjectsDam Basin ProjectsRestructuring the Fish CommunityRestructuring the Fish Community



Biomass RemovalBiomass Removal

• Prioritised Prioritised AreasAreas– Dam wallDam wall– Crocodile River inletCrocodile River inlet– Magalies River inletMagalies River inlet– Leeuwen Spruit inletLeeuwen Spruit inlet

• Removal of:Removal of:– Algae & hyacinthAlgae & hyacinth– Debris & litterDebris & litter



1

2

34



Litter and Debris RemovalLitter and Debris RemovalObjectives: Remove where possible urban litter and debris

(visible solid waste) emanating from the urban environment in the catchment

Deliverables• Assessment of where litter and

debris are generated• Implement a pilot litter trap in

the Crocodile (upstream of dam)

Challenges• Effective trapping of

urban litter & debris which obstruct algal and hyacinth harvesting

• Operation and maintenance



VermicultureVermicultureWhy do we need VermiCulture?• The average person produces approximately 1 ton organic waste/year• Vermiculture = most effective means of waste management • Vermiculture using compost worms can achieve waste elimination and

value added conversion on the same site forever.

Vermiculture: A Solution for Organic Waste Vermiculture can be utilised as a solution for the treatment of organic waste in the following sectors:•Domestic Agricultural•Industrial Commercial

Value added products derived from Vermiculture•Solid vermicast (Organic Compost)•Liquid vermicast (Organic Liquid Fertilizer)•Surplus worms for further process enhancement



Biomass RemovalBiomass Removal

Roodeplaat Dam Achievements•Created income for 27 local people. •Remove 8 616 tons of hyacinths at dam

wall and inlet.•Construct (Prototype 3: R5 – 600/m) 790m

of booms. •Construct 3,500m containment booms

(R32/m).



Shoreline VegetationShoreline VegetationObjectives: Re-establish shoreline vegetation along the rivers and dam to enhance micro habitats for fish, control pollution and prevent

erosionDeliverables• Preparation of shoreline for planting when water level

drops• Large portions of Magalies River has been prepared for

rehabilitation.• Plant species have been identified & are collected from

local rivers & alternative wetlands.

Challenges• Full scale planting will

commence as soon as the dam water level drops. (September to November)

• Educate Local Land Owners as to shoreline rehabilitation requirements.

• Excessive hyacinth growth



Areas Areas identified for identified for

shoreline shoreline vegetationvegetation



Establishing

Shoreline Vegetatio

n



Floating WetlandsFloating WetlandsObjectives: Establish habitat to support foodweb restructuring – enhance zooplankton and macro-invertebrates. Supplement floating

wetlands for equivalent degraded shoreline.

Challenges• Protection and Management

• Algae build-up within the islands

• Support from shoreline property owners

Deliverables• 600 x 20 m2 floating wetland units during

the year • Distribute the wetlands to respective

shoreline locations where they will be the most effective

• Establish enough plant stock to supply different requirements



Biomass EstablishmentBiomass Establishment

Shoreline severely impacted

Need to be replaced with floating

wetlands



WetlandsWetlands

Deliverables• Compiled Info booklet, Factsheet & Posters.

• Identified 9 new wetlands at HBPD.

• Compiled Concept doc, Main strategy, Artificial wetlands roll-out strategy & HBPD wetlands roll-out strategy.

• Arranged World Wetland Day 2 Feb 2008 fieldtrip for Remediation Team.

• Arranged “Wetlands Team” Workshop June 2007.

• Obtained commitment from WfWetlands, WfWater and Rand Water Foundation

• Part of Team to arrange and host Wetland Awareness Weeks in May 2009 for Schools, Developers & Specialist Task Team

Advantages• Diminish amount of

toxic algae that occurs in HBPD.

• Maintaining surface water flow during dry periods & storing and slowing of floodwaters, thereby re-charging groundwater.

• Providing livelihoods (e.g. crafts & food production), thereby creating sustainability

Objectives: Restoring of biodiversity in the wetlands and rivers & preservation of them. Storm water reduction, dissipation & retention

reducing sediments



Hartbeespoort Dam Hartbeespoort Dam WetlandsWetlands



Sediment Removal and Sediment Removal and ManagementManagement

Objectives: Reduction of internal nutrient load in the dam by means of sediment removal in an environmentally safe manner.

Deliverables• Detailed analyses of sediments completed• Pilot project – Elands Mine (jelly layer) & Oberon• Evaluate potential uses of the nutrient enriched silt material within

environmentally & economically sound practices

Challenges• Develop economic viable

sediment recovery practices (from the dam)

• Source willing local partners to use material

• Acquire land for sediment recovery



Information, Communication Information, Communication & Knowledge Centres& Knowledge Centres

• Information & Communication Centre (Tan’Malie & Dam Wall)

• Komanndo Nek & Oberon – Knowledge & Eco Centres

• Ifafi Wetland Information Centre

• Aquaculture Information Centre

• Vermiculture Information Centre

[ICC1] * Information & Communication Centre (Tan’ Malie & Dam Wall)

[ICC2] Kommando Nek & Oberon - Knowledge & Eco Centres* Fish and foodweb restructuring information hub* Shoreline & Floating wetlands information hub* Sustainable development information hub* Waste minimisation information hub

[ICC3] Ifafi Wetland Information Centre* Wetland information hub

[ICC4] Aquaculture Information Centre* Aquaculture information hub

[ICC5] Vermiculture Information Centre * Vermiculture information hub

sameer morar programme manager rand water: implementing agent

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