Example 2

JS History S1

Topic Olympic Games

Number of Lessons 2 lessons (40 minutes per lesson)

Learning objectives

Know the venue, sports events and culture of ancient Olympic Games

Understand the aims of ancient Olympic Games

the connection between ancient and modern Olympic Games

Do find out the differences between ancient and modern Olympic

Games

Tools for differentiation/Instructional strategies

Tools for

differentiation

Form A and B (Appendix 1)

Equalizer (Appendix 2)

Instructional strategies Tiered Questions

The questions will be asked about the students’ daily life. Then questions

will be projected to students’ experience in their own country and to

international level Olympic Games.

Exit Card

It is an assessment tool for monitoring students’ learning progress.

*You may view chapter 2 in the animated video for reference.

Learning and Teaching Materials

Video clips Olympic flame lighting ceremony in Athens in 2008 (3:51)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDcO0MbjAyQ

Beijing 2008 Olympic Highlights (5:31)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQqmelsJlhs

Pre-assessment Worksheet (Appendix 3)

Classwork Historical and interesting facts/worksheets (Appendix 4)

Table of comparison between Ancient and Modern

Olympic Games (Appendix 5)

Exit Card (Appendix 6)

Home assignment/ Extended learning activities

Worksheet (Appendix 7)

Students’ work Pre-assessment task (Appendix 8)

Exit Card

Puzzle game: Olympic rings

Teaching Flow

Time Steps in the lesson

Learning and teaching activities Elements/strategies of Differentiated Instruction

Before lesson

Pre-assessment

- Conduct a survey to find out students’ learning interests and understand their knowledge of the teaching topic.

- Distribute a worksheet with questions about school Sports Day and ask students to relate the topic to modern Olympic Games.

- Adjust the focus of the teaching topic according to pre-assessment result.

Use the results of Form A and Form B to set the topic that interests students most. (Appendix 1)

Equalizer (Appendix 2)

Pre-assessment Task: Worksheet (Appendix 3)

Students are required to answer questions about their experience/ impression of school Sports Day and indicate their areas of interest about ancient and modern Olympic Games.

(From foundational to transformational)

Lesson 1

10 mins

Review - Review what students learned last lesson.

- City-states: independent government with own army

- Different city-states had different characteristics (e.g. Athens and Sparta).

- There were many ancient Greek gods and goddesses in ancient Greece.

- There are ancient Olympic

Teaching pace will be adjusted timely according to the response from students.

Refer to Historical and interesting facts/worksheet and Table of comparison between Ancient and Modern Olympic Games (Appendix 4 and 5)

Games and modern Olympic Games.

- Select two students to share their pre-assessment result.

20 mins

Introduction of the aims, players, sports events, culture (opening ceremony)

- Teacher asks students, ‘What is Olympic Games nowadays?’ (sports games, competition)

- Share the results of the pre-assessment and introduce the sports items found by students.

- Introduce the ancient Olympic Games and emphasise the importance of religious value in ancient Olympic Games (e.g. even Spartans stopped war/there was truce during ancient Olympic Games).

- Introduce ancient Olympic Games with religious rituals in ancient Greece.

- Who could join the ancient Olympic Games? (Only male)

Tiered questions:

1. from factual recall to comparison

2. from ancient to modern

3. from basic knowledge to further readings

Refer to Historical and interesting facts worksheet (Appendix 4)

Group Activity 1 : Miming Game

- Invite students to demonstrate the action of the sports items in ancient Olympic Games. Other students try to guess the name of the items in ancient Olympic Games.

- What types of sports games were played in ancient Olympic Games? (Long jump, distance running, boxing, wrestling, chariot racing, throwing spears/javelins, throwing discus.)

The miming game caters for learner diversity as some students learn better by adopting kinesthetic approach while some others prefer group activities.

5 mins Feedback time

- Introduce all sports events in ancient Olympic Games. Teacher explains some events related to the situation in ancient Greece.

- Why there were wrestling and chariot racing in the ancient Olympic Games? (The sports events are related to wars.)

Lesson 2

10 mins

Teaching and students’ responses

- Introduce the athletes who were naked when they played the games in ancient Olympic Games.

- Why did the players not to wear anything when they played the games?/Why were they naked? (Greek culture: human body is beautiful. The Greeks liked to show their bodies to others.)

- In our school Sports Day, what prizes would be given to the winners? (Gold, silver and bronze medals)

- What prize did the athlete win in the ancient Olympics Games? (A crown of olive leaves) Why? (religious event)

Refer to Historical and interesting facts/worksheet (Appendix 4)

(From concrete to abstract)

10mins

Questioning and students’ responses

- May provoke the bright students to have further thinking by asking them about the Olympics Games during two World Wars and in 1936.

Tiered questions are asked to provoke students to think further and let them understand the importance of religion in Greek civilization.

15 mins

Questioning skill and

- Historical facts about ancient Olympic Games

Historical and interesting facts/Further readings sheet

students’ responses

- Suspension of ancient Olympic Games due to cheating (Theodosius I)

- Theodosius II ordered to destroy all Greek temples in 426 B.C.

- Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1890.

- In 1894, the first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens.

- Differences between ancient and modern Olympic Games

- Aims are different. (Ancient Olympic Games was to honour God Zeus. Modern Olympic Games is to promote international sportsmanship)

- Venue is different. (Ancient Olympic Games: Olympia. Modern Olympic Games: different host cities)

(Appendix 4)

Students who are interested and want to know more about this topic may move on to the last part of this worksheet for further readings on Olympic Games and the World Wars.

- Opening ceremony, Torch Relay, Closing ceremony

10 mins

Consolidation activity

- Find out the differences between ancient and modern Olympic Games.

Group Activity 2: Olympic Games Puzzle

- Students are divided into a group of 4.

- Teacher distributes a set of cards to each group. The cards consist of description of ancient or modern Olympic Games.

- Students take turns to read the card. Then they find the answer which matches the questions shown on the game board. Then they put the correct answer cards on the given questions. After the completion of the task, the whole group should put up their hands to indicate their completion of work. The fastest group will be the winner of the game. Students who obtained all correct answers would find a picture of Olympic rings.

Follow-up Task:

- After the activity, teacher asks students to complete the Exit Card. Exit Card (Appendix 6)

Puzzle game for consolidation through group work

Teacher collects Exit cards

Take-home assignment

- Introduce and distribute the home assignment (Consolidation exercise).

from students to understand their learning progress and identify their learning difficulties to inform planning of next lesson.

Home assignment/ Extended learning activities: Worksheet (Appendix 7)Home assignment with extended learning activities for students who have interest or who are ready to explore more on this topic.

(From structured to open)

Students’ work: (Appendix 8)

Appendix 1Data collected from Form A

Data collected from Form B

Reading

level

R(1-3)

Writing

Level

W(1-3)

Group(G)/

Solo

(S)

Interests Visual(V)

Auditory(A)

Kinesthetic(K)

Critical

Thinking skills

C1(1-3)

Collaboration

Skills C2(1-3)

Creativity

C3(1-3)

R1: 0%

R2: 50%

R3: 50%

W1: 0%

W2: 56%

W3: 44%

G: 67%

S: 28%

S&G: 5%

Reading:

11%

Drama: 11%

Public

speaking:

6%

Speaking: 6%

Mathematics

: 11%

Computer:

28%

Others: 27%

V/A: 39%

V/A/K: 61%

C1-1: 0%

C1-2: 56%

C1-3: 44%

C2-1: 0%

C2-2: 29%

C2-3: 71%

C3-1: 0%

C3-2: 53%

C3-3: 47%

Adapted from Carol Ann Tomlinson, Learning and Managing a Differentiated Classroom,

ASCD, 2011. pp.156-157.

Appendix 2

Equalizer: A tool for differentiating process and product

Topic: Olympic Games (S1)

Foundational

Write a diary about your

experience in school

Sports Day.

Transformational

Write a journal on a day

you joined the ancient

Olympic Games.

Structured

Think of a sports event that

ancient Greeks could join,

but not the modern athletes

or vice versa.

Open

Create and describe ONE

sports event with elements

of new and old Olympic

Games.

Concrete

What types of sports

events did you participate

in the School Sports Day?

Abstract

What is the importance of

Sports Day to students?

Adapted from Carol Ann Tomlinson, How to differentiate instruction in mixed-ability

classrooms, Pearson Education, 2005.pp.47.

Appendix 3

(Pre-assessment Task)Answer the following questions.

1. Did you participate in any sports events on the School Sports Days? YES / NO (Circle the answer)

2. What types of sports events did you / your classmates participate in the School Sports Days? (You may write or draw 3 events as answers.)

3. What did you learn from the Sports Day? How did you feel after participating in the Sports Days? Were there any special sports event which impressed you a lot? (e.g. I was impressed by the class relay and cheering competition.)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

4. We are going to learn ancient and modern Olympic Games. Is there anything you would like to learn more? (Circle not more than 3 items)aims/ culture/ opening ceremony/ closing ceremony/ torch relay/ legends of ancient Olympic Games/ sports events/ Athlete/Others (please specify): _________________

5. The followings are the icons for events in modern Olympic Games shown in website on Beijing 2008.

Circle the ones which you guess can be found in ancient Olympic Games.

Appendix 4

Olympic Games

1. There were 150 city-states in Greece. Greece located at southern-east

of Europe. It consisted of p eninsul a and i slands . This made

communication d ifficult . City-states gradually formed with their own

government system and independent a rmy .

2. Z eus : chief god 3. Hermes: messenger god

4. Apollo : sun god, music god 5. P oseidon : sea god

6. A thena : Goddess of Wisdom 7. Selene: goddess of the moon

8. How to worship ancient Greek gods?

Holding religious ceremonies, building temples.

9. Only males could join ancient Olympic Games. Ancient Greeks believed

human bodies were very beautiful so they were naked in ancient Olympic

Games.

10. 7 types of sports events in ancient Olympic Games

1 Running 5 Throwing spears

2 Long Jump 6 Throwing discus

3 Boxing 7 Chariot racing

4 Wrestling

These 7 types of events were related to war.

11. Ancient Olympic Games: started in 776 B.C.

12.Modern Olympic Games: A.D. 1896 to present

H istorical facts of ancient and modern O lympic Games

13.Suspension of ancient Olympic Games due to c heating (Theodosius

I). Theodosius II ordered to destroy all Greek temples in 426 B.C. (No

more Olympic Games).

14.Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic

Committee (IOC) in 1890.

15. In 1894, the first modern Olympic Games was held in A thens .

Interesting facts about modern Olympic Games

16.By 2016, the Olympic Games will have been hosted by 15 cities in 23

countries.

17.USA has hosted eight Olympic Games (4 Summer Olympic Games

and 4 Winter Olympic Games).

18.Olympic Games have been held in Asia for 3 times.

1964 Tokyo + 2020 Tokyo (2nd time)

1988 Seoul, South Korea

2008 Beijing, China

19.2016 Games in Rio de Janeiro will be the first Olympics hosted by a

south American country.

20.No Games have been held by African countries.

Further Readings on Olympic Games and the worl d wars

If you are interested in the above topic, please browse the following

websites.

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1916_Summer_Olympics

- http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005680

Appendix 5

Olympic GamesStudy the pictures and use your own knowledge, draw an athlete getting a prize in a modern Olympic Game in the space provided and complete the following table.

Ancient Olympic Games Modern Olympic Games

A comparison between Ancient Olympic Games and Modern Olympic GamesAncient Olympic Games Modern Olympic Games

(1) Aims Honour God Zeus A religious ceremony

- Promote international friendship and sportsmanship

(2) How oftenEvery 4 years Every 4 years

(3) Venue Olympia Different host cities

(4) What do the winners get as awards?

A crown of olive leaves gold, silver, bronze medals

(5) Who can join O nly male B oth males and females

the Games?(6) Should the athletes wear uniform?

Yes / No Yes / No

Appendix 6

Olympic Games(EXIT CARD)

Write down 3 sports events in ancient Olympic Games.________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Write down 2 different host cities which held modern Olympic Games.________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Write down 1 thing that you have learnt and most impressed you in this lesson.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Appendix 7

Olympic GamesHome assignment

Answer two questions.

1. Please think of a sports event that

(a) ancient Greeks could join, but not the modern athletes or

(b) modern athletes could join, but not the ancient Greeks

If I were a (boy/girl) (circle the suitable one) , I could join ___________________. (name

a sports event)

2. Write a diary about your experience in School Sports Day.

EXTENDED LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Complete one of the following tasks.

(a) Create and describe ONE sports event with elements of modern and ancient

Olympic Games.

_________________________________________________________________

(b) Write a journal on a day you joined the ancient Olympic Games

(Write at least 50 words).

_________________________________________________________________

Appendix 8

Students’ work:

1. Extended learning activities (b)

2. Exit Card

C. Group work: Puzzle game on Olympic Rings