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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 1 LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 2 LightMASTER Course Outline Fiber to the Home (FTTH) Architecture The Basics of Fiber Optics Optical Waveguides Transmission Characteristics Optical Link Components Fiber Optic System Design Safety and Handling Procedures Termination Methods Test and Measurement FOI Examination Preparation Lab # 1 Fabricate and Test a 2 meter Multimode ST to ST Jumper Lab # 2 Fabricate and Test a 2 meter Multimode ST to SC Jumper Lab # 3 Fabricate and Test a 2 meter Singlemode ST to FC Jumper Lab # 4 Perform and Validate a Mechanical Splice Lab # 5 Perform and Validate Fusion Splices Lab # 6 Utilize a Singlemode OTDR for Troubleshooting a Fiber Link

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 3 Local Loop Distribution 1 st Generation Copper Distribution Feeder Cable (600-3600 prs.) Drop Wire Distribution Cable (100-1200 prs.) 2nd Generation Metallic Pair Gain Pair Gain System 2 pr. T-1 Circuit (2-6 miles) 12,000 ft. or less CSA loops 18,000 ft. or less analog loops Analog/Digital Digital/Analog Mux/Demux Digital Loop Carrier Optical/Electrical Analog/Digital Digital/Analog Mux/Demux 12,000 ft. or less CSA loops 3rd Generation Fiber Pair Gain Central Office Fiber Feeder (5-20 miles) OC-n CSA = Carrier Serving Area

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 4 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 10 468 121416182022 Frequency (cycles/sec) 30,000 m 3 m0.3 mm 3 um 0.3 nm 3 x 10 -12 m Wavelength 0.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.21.31.41.51.6 Optical Fiber Low Loss Region Wavelength ( m) Gamma RaysX-RayUltravioletInfraredRadioMicrowaveAudio Visible Energy Visible Region

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 5 Numerical Aperture The Numerical Aperture or Cone of Acceptance is a measure of the light gathering ability of an optical fiber. The greater the NA, the greater the acceptance angle and more light will be coupled into the fiber. Core Cladding NA = sin Acceptance Cone

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 6 Attenuation vs. Wavelength 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 Wavelength (nm) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 10 0 Attenuation (dB/km) 3 rd Window 2nd Window1 st Window 4th Window OH - Spectral Loss Curve Low-Loss, High Silica, Multimode Fiber

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 7 Transmission Formats Point to Multi-Point - Full Duplex TX 1 x N Coupler TX RX........ Wideband Couplers N = 16 or 32 TX RX 850 nm 1300 nm

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 8 Fiber Cable - Outdoor Loose Tube Outer Jacket Gel Moisture Layer Central Strength Member Loose Buffer Tube Fiber Bundle Tensile Strength Member Inner Sheath

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 9 Fiber Optic Connectors - SC Subscriber Connector (SC) Very popular connector style introduced in the early 1990s Used in both telco and datacom applications Singlemode and Multimode 2.5mm Ferrule Size Keyed, Spring-loaded Style Push-Pull Design facilitates use in High-Density Applications Easy to field terminate, reasonable cost

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 10 Fiber Optic Splicing Fusion Splicing XX yy V-groove Side View Precision V-groove Imaging Optics Electrodes Cleaved Fibers Fusion Splicer Block Diagram Electric Arc

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 11 Connector Ferrule Shapes Air Gap 0.5 dB Loss 20 dB Return Loss Physical Contact 0.3 dB Loss 30 dB Return Loss Convex PC 0.3 dB Loss 40 dB Return Loss Angle PC 0.3 dB Loss 60 dB Return Loss 8 deg. angle

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 12 Optical Loss Test Set Single Jumper Method 1300 nm Multimode Optical Source On/ Off 4.62 dB Optical Power Meter Ref Cable Under Test MQJ Connector Adapter Step Four Disconnect the MQJ from the Power Meter and connect to one end of the cable under test using a connector adapter. Step Five Connect the other end of the cable under test to the Power Meter. Step Six Read the loss in dB directly from the Power Meter display.

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SAMPLE LightMASTER Certified Fiber Optic Training 2005, Michael P. Kovacs 13 OTDR Waveform Trace Measuring Event Loss Reflective Event Non-reflective Event A Cursor B Cursor Distance (ft or m) Loss (dB) A Cursor B Cursor Loss (dB) OTDR set to dB Loss mode