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Term 2 (October to March 2015)

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CBSEContinuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)

Class10

Social Science

SAMPLEQUESTION

PAPERSsolutions

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S O L U T I O N SSAMPLE

QUESTION PAPER-6Self Assessment ____________________________ Ans. 1. Napoleonic Code 1804.

Or Huynh Phu So.

Ans. 2. Madhya Pradesh.

Ans. 3. Mahatma Gandhi

Ans. 4. Wangari Maathai

Ans. 5. Money lenders.

Ans. 6. 1990.

Ans. 7. 15%.

Ans. 8. To liberalise international trade.

Ans. 9. Features of Landed aristocracy of Europe :

(i) They were small in numbers. Members of this class were united by common way of life that cut across regional divisions.

(ii) They owned estates in the countryside and also townhouses.

(iii) They spoke French for the purpose of diplomacy and in high society.

(iv) Their families were often connected by the ties of marriage. (Any three) 1×3=3

Or Like colonial policy of other imperial powers, the French also subjected the Vietnamese

economy to interests of the homeland. Vietnam had to supply its natural resources and other essential goods to France on their terms. No doubt the French irrigation took up vast irrigation works and built canals but mainly with forced labour consisting of Vietnamese people. Increased rice production was aimed to export rice to the international market to make profit. Colonial economy of Vietnam was primarily based on rice cultivation and rubber plantation. 3

Ans. 10. The main features of the Boycott and Swadeshi Movement :

(i) Boycott of foreign goods, institutions and services.

(ii) Picketing of foreign goods shops.

(iii) Bonfires of foreign cloth.

(iv) Increased production of Indian handloom and textiles. (Any three) 3

Ans. 11. Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel in India.

Features of coal :

(i) It provides a substantial part of the nation’s energy needs.

(ii) It supplies energy to industry as well as for domestic needs.

(iii) It is used for power generation. (Any two) 1+2=3

2 | OSWAAL CBSE (CCE), Social Science Class –10

Ans. 12. Non-conventional sources of energy :

(i) The Sun, winds, tides, geothermal energy, biomass, farm and animals waste are non - conventional sources of energy.

(ii) They are renewable and inexhaustible sources of energy. (iii) They are not very convenient and versatile forms of energy. (iv) They are very expensive. Conventional sources of energy :

(i) Coal, oil, natural gas, hydroelectricity and nuclear energy are the conventional sources of energy.

(ii) They are exhaustible and cannot be replenished. (iii) They are more convenient and versatile forms of energy. (iv) They are less expensive. 1½+1½=3

Ans. 13. Odisha is the largest prodcer of manganese in India. Uses of manganese :

(i) It is used in manufacturing of steel. (ii) It is used in manufacture of bleaching power and insecticides. (iii) It is used as depolariser in cells. (iv) It is used as decolourising agent for glass that has been coloured green. 1+½+½+½+½=3

Ans. 14. Firewood and cattle dung cake are most common in rural India. According to the estimate, more than 70 percent energy requirement in rural households is met by these two fuels; continuation of these is increasingly becoming difficult due to decreasing forest area. Moreover, using dung cake too is being discouraged because it consumes most valuable manure which could be used in agriculture. (or any other relevant points) (CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-SPXOUWE) 1+2=3

Ans. 15. The word ‘defection’ in democracy means changing party allegiance from the party on which a person got elected to a different party. In order to get some benefit, various party leaders took this way. (CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-ABTAF1R) 1+2=3

Ans. 16. Democracy is a better form of government as compared to dictatorship because :

(i) A democratic government is people’s own government. That is why, it receives over-whelming support from all parts of the world.

(ii) Unlike dictatorship, people wished to be ruled representatives elected by them. (iii) Democracy’s ability to generate its own support is itself an outcome that cannot be ignored. (iv) The examples from South Asia show the support exists in countries with democratic as well

as non-democratic regimes. 3

Ans. 17. (i) Challenge of expansion involves applying the basic principle of democratic government across all the regions, different social groups and various institutions.

(ii) Ensuring greater power to local government, extension of federal principles to all the units of federation, inclusion of women and minorities, etc. falls under this challenge.

(iii) It means that less and less decisions should remain outside the arena of democratic control. 3

Ans. 18. MNC’s help in the growth of local companies in the following manner :

(i) MNC’s are spreading their production and interacting with local producers in various countries across the globe.

(ii) By setting up partnerships with local companies. (iii) By using the local companies for supply. (iv) By closely competing with the local companies or buying them. 3

Sample Question Papers (SA-2) | 3

Ans. 19. The problems that forced India to take New Economy Policy of 1991 are as follows :

(i) The performance of the public sector was not good.

(ii) Inability of the public sector to achieve desired goals.

(iii) Balance of payment defict of India was rising continuously since 1980-81.

(iv) Excess of anticipated expenditure over estimated revenue (i.e., fiscal deficit).

(v) Rising prices. 3

Ans. 20. Under COPRA,three-tier-quasi judicial machinery at the district, state and national levels was set up for redressal of consumer disputes.

(i) The district level court deals with the cases involving claims up to ` 20 lakhs.

(ii) The state level courts deals with the cases involving claims between ` 20 lakhs and ` 1 crore.

(iii) The national level court deals with the cases involving exceeding ` 1 crore.

(iv) If a case is dismissed in the district level court, the consumer can also appeal at the state and then at the national level court. 3

Ans. 21. Greek War :

(i) Greece had been part of the Ottoman empire since the 15th century. The growth of revolutionary nationalism in Europe sparked off a struggle for independence amongst the Greeks which began in 1821.

(ii) Nationalist in Greece got support from other Greeks living in exile and also from many West Europeans who had sympathy for ancient Greek culture.

(iii) Poets and artists lauded Greece as the cradle of European civilisation and mobilised public opinion to support its struggle against a Muslim empire.

(iv) The English poet Lord Byron organised funds and later went to fight in the war, where he died of fever in 1824.

(v) Finally, the Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 recognised Greece as an independent nation. 1×5=5

Or (i) Hoa Hao Movement began in 1939 and gained popularity in the fertile Mekong delta area.

(ii) It drew upon religious ideas popular in anti-French uprisings of the 19th century.

(iii) Founder of Hoa Hao Movement was Huynh Phu So. He performed miracles, his criticism against useless expenditure, sale of child brides, gambling and use of alchohol and opium had a wide apeal.

(iv) He was treated mad and was expelled to Laos and many of his followers to concentration camps.

(v) It was against colonial rule and its significance in arousing anti-imperialist sentiment should not be under-estimated. 1×5=5

Ans. 22. The Non-Cooperation Movement gradually slowed down in the cities due to the following reasons :

(i) Khadi cloth was often more expensive-than mass produced mill cloth and poor people could not afford to buy it.

(ii) For the movement to be successful, alternative Indian institutions had to be set up so that they could be used in place of British ones.

(iii) These were slow to come up. So, students and teachers began trickling back to Government schools and lawyers joined back their work in government courts.

(iv) Since businessmen were incurring a huge loss in their market, so they did not give support in this movement. 1¼×4=5


Ans. 23. Gandhiji’s idea of Satyagraha :

(i) The idea of Satyagraha emphasized the power of truth and the need to search for truth.

(ii) It suggested that if the cause was true and, if the struggle was against injustice, then physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.

(iii) Without seeking vengeance or being aggressive, a Satyagrahi could win the battle through non-violence.

(iv) This could be done by appealing to the conscience of the oppressor. (v) Gandhiji believed that truth was bound to ultimately triumph. (vi) He believed that the Dharma of non-violence could unite all Indians. (Any five) 1×5=5

Ans. 24. Transportation and communication are called the lifelines of a nation and its economy because : (i) Economy development of a region or country very largely depends upon the dense network

of transport and communication. (ii) They link areas of production with consumption, agriculture with industry and village with

town and cities. (iii) They help the industries by providing raw materials and distribution of finished goods. (iv) They help in the development of all the three sectors : primary, secondary and tertiary. (v) They help in the balanced regional development. (vi) They have accelerated the development of the industry and agriculture. Ans. 25. The following could be some of the reasons why a democracy is a better form of government : (i) Freedom of expression granted in a democratic nation. (ii) The ruling authority would be the choice of the people. (iii) Useful method of representation for large masses. (iv) A tool to represent diverse interests. (v) Lends stability to the political system. (vi) Develops a political culture which creates apt environment for political socialization. 1×5=5

Ans. 26. (i) The financial accounts of every political party should be made public. (ii) These accounts should be examined by government’s auditors. (iii) There should be state funding of elections. Parties should be given some money by the

government to meet their election expenditure. (iv) Citizens should be encouraged to give more donations to parties. (v) Such donations should be exempted from income tax.

(CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-ABTAF1R) 1×5=5

Ans. 27. (i) Banks are not present everywhere in rural India whereas informal sources are easily available in all villages.

(ii) Getting a loan from a bank is much more difficult than taking a loan from the informal resources because bank loans require proper loans and collaterals.

(iii) Money lenders provide loan to the poor people without any collateral. (iv) Formal sources provide loan only for productive purpose, whereas the informal sources

provide credit both for productive and non-productive purposes. (v) Other informal sources of credit are friends and relatives, or traders and landlords, who

know the borrowers personally and therefore they do not demand collaterals. 1×5=5

Ans. 28. There has been a change in the nature of our international trade : (i) Till 2004-2005, the share of agriculture and allied products, ores and minerals, chemical

engineering goods have been increasing. (ii) Exchange of commodities and goals have been superseded by the exchange of information

and knowledge.


(iii) India has emerged as a software giant at international level. (iv) India is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology. (v) Imports : Commodities imports include petroleum and petroleum products upto 41.87% and

coal, coke upto 94.17%. 1×5=5

Ans. 29. 1×6=6

POLITICAL

INDIA

I N D I A N O C E A N

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C

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Calcutta

Amritsar

Bardoli

(i) Kaiga(ii) Tuticorin Seaport

(iii) Berhampur

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SAMPLEQUESTION PAPER-7

Self Assessment ____________________________ Ans. 1. Metternich 1

Or History of the Loss of Vietnam.

Ans. 2. Manganese. 1

Ans. 3. Allahabad and Haldiya. 1

Ans. 4. 24th, December. 1

Ans. 5. Strengthening of institutions to increase people’s participation and control. 1

Ans. 6. BAMCEF. 1

Ans. 7. Myanmar. 1

Ans. 8. To safeguard the domestic producers. 1

Ans. 9. The 1830’s were years of great economic hardship in Europe due to following reasons :

(i) There were enormous increase in population all over Europe.

(ii) There were more seekers of job than employment.

(iii) Population migrated from rural areas to the cities.

(iv) Peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations. (Any three) 3

Or Impact of Great Depression on Vietnam :

(i) The Great Depression of the 1930’s had a profound impact on Vietnam.

(ii) The prices of rubber and rice fell, leading to rising rural debts, unemployment and rural uprisings, such as in the provinces of Nghea and Ha Tinh.

(iii) The French put these uprisings down with great severity, even using planes to bomb demonstrators. 1×3=3

Ans. 10. (i) As a woman it was a proud movement for me to participate in Gandhiji’s Civil Disobedience Movement. It was a time when women were kept inside walls.

(ii) Though I had got good education, I was not allowed to take part in social or political activities. At the call of Gandhiji, I couldn’t resist myself. Revolting against my family traditions, I became an active member of the movement.

(iii) I organised the women of my locality and began the activities of the movement. I was full of nationalistic fervour. It was the most memorable and proud phase of my life. 1×3=3

Ans. 11. (i) Natural gas is used as source of energy as well as an industrial raw material.

(ii) It can be transported easily through pipelines.

(iii) Pipelines have helped in setting up fertilizer plants and power plants on its way.

(iv) It is an environment-friendly fuel because of the low carbon emission. (Any three) 3


Ans. 12. Non-conventional sources of energy are :

(i) Solar energy : India is a tropical. It has enormous possibilities of tapping solar energy. Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity.

(ii) Wind energy : India now ranks as a ‘wind super power’ in the world. The largest wind farm cluster is located in Tamilnadu from Nagarcoil to Madurai.

(iii) Biogas : Shrubs, farm waste, animal and human waste are used to produce biogas for domestic consumption in rural areas. Biogas plants using cattle dung are known as ‘Gobar gas plants’ in rural India. 1×3=3

Ans. 13. Factors responsible for the location of an industry :

(i) Availability of raw material.

(ii) Availability of Labour.

(iii) Capital, power and market.

(iv) Services like Banking, Insurance, transport etc. (Any three) 1×3=3

Ans. 14. Factors :

(i) Northern plains of India are vast and level land. Construction of railway tracks is easy and cheap in these plains. Plains have dense railway network.

(ii) In hilly terrians of peninsular regions, rail tracks are laid through low hills and tunnels. In this region, railway network is not so dense as of plains.

(iii) In sandy plain of western Rajasthan, construction of railway lines is always difficult. 3

Ans. 15. Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP).

The four features of BJP are as follows :

(i) Cultural nationalism is an important element in its conception of Indian nationhood and politics.

(ii) It wants a uniform civil code for all people living in the country irrespective of religion.

(iii) It came into power in 1998 as the leader of the National Democratic Alliance including several state and regional parties.

(iv) It lost elections in 2004 and is the principal opposition party in Lok Sabha. 3

Ans. 16. (i) Democracies throughout the world have recognise the act that people should be treated with due respect. The passion for respect and freedom is the basis of democracy.

(ii) Democracies recognise all individuals equal. The equality is a big thing for societies which have been built for a long on the basis of subordination and domination.

(iii) Most societies across the world were male dominated but democracies have created sensitivity. That equal treatment of women are necessary ingredients of a democratic society. 3

Ans. 17. Definition of democracy shall be expanded by adding following features :

(i) The rulers elected by the people must take all the decisions.

(ii) Elections must offer a choice and fair opportunity to the people to change the current rulers.

(iii) The choice and opportunity should be available to all the people on an equal basis.

(iv) The exercise of this choice must lead to a government limited by the basic rules of the constitution and citizen’s rights. (Any three) 3


Ans. 18. MNC’s set up production units at such a place where :

(i) Markets are closer.

(ii) Skilled and unskilled labour are available at low cost.

(iii) Other factors of production are assured.

(iv) Government policies are favourable. (Any three) 3

Ans. 19. (i) MNC’s set up units in those countries where labour is available at cheaper rate and has large market to sell their products. 3

(ii) MNC’s setup production jointly with some of the local companies of the countries.

(iii) MNG’s purchase local companies and then expend production.

Ans. 20. Consumers are exploited in the market in the following ways : 3

(i) Deceptive advertising : False informations are passed on through the media.

(ii) Adulteration : Adulterated or defective goods are sold.

(iii) Underweight : Traders indulge in unfair trade practices such as weighing less than what they should.

Ans. 21. Culture played an important role in creating the idea of a nation by :

(i) Art and poetry, stories, music helped in shaping nationalist feelings in Europe.

(ii) Romanticism was a cultural movement which played a role in this context. Romantic poets and artists were critical of reason and science.

(iii) A sense of shared collective heritage developed.

(iv) Folk dance, Folk poetry, Folk songs were considered the true expression of the spirit of the nation.

(v) Speaking in the vernacular language was another expression of nationalism. 5

Or

(i) In February 1930, Ho Chi Minh brought together competing nationalist groups to establish Vietnamese Communist Party, later known as Indo-Chinese Communist Party.

(ii) In 1940, when Japan occupied Vietnam, nationalists under Ho Chi Minh had to fight both against the French and the Japanese.

(iii) The League for the Independence of Vietnam later known as Vietminh fought the Japanese and recaptured Hanoi in 1945.

(iv) The Democratic Republic was formed and Ho Chi Minh became its Chairman.

(v) After eight years of fighting, the French too was defeated by Vietminh under Ho Chi Minh. According to Geneva Convention, Vietnam was split into North and South Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh and the communists took power in the North. Till the end of his life, Ho Chi Minh struggled for the creation of united Vietnam. 5

Ans. 22. The main causes of limited Dalit participation are as follows :

(i) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar who organized Dalits into depressed classes association in 1930, clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the second round table conference as he asked for separate electorates for Dalits.

(ii) Gandhiji believed that separate electorates will down the process of integration in society. (iii) Poona Pact of September, 1932 was the result of acceptance of Gandhiji’s position.


(iv) Also, Dalit were looked down upon by society since ages.

(v) Political empowerment, they believed, would resolve the problem of social disabilities.

(vi) Their organisation was strong all over.

(vii) It gave the depressed classes reserved seats in provincial and central legislative councils, but they were to be voted in by the general electorate. 5

Ans. 23. The benefits of globalisation can be shared better in the following ways :

(i) The government policy must protect the interest, not only of the rich and the powerful, but of all the people in the country.

(ii) The government can ensure that labour laws are properly implemented and workers get their rights.

(iii) It can support small producers to improve their performance till they became strong enough to compete.

(iv) It can use trade and investment barriers.

(v) It can negotiate at the WTO for ‘fairer rules’. 5

Ans. 24. Democracies do not appeal to be reducing inequalities :

(i) The poor constitutes a large proportion of voters and no party likes to lose their votes, yet democratically elected governments have not addressed the question of poverty as one would have expected them to.

(ii) The people in several poor countries are now dependent on rich countries even for food supplies.

Argument in support :

(i) It enhances the dignity of individual.

(ii) Improves the quality of decision making.

(iii) Provides a method to resolve conflicts. 5

Ans. 25. The following conclusion can be drawn from the two struggles :

(i) The movement in Nepal was to establish democracy, while the struggle in Bolivia involved claims on an elected democratic government.

(ii) The popular struggle in Bolivia was about one specific policy, while the struggle in Nepal was about the foundations of the country’s politics.

(ii) Both these are instances of political conflict that led to popular struggles.

(iv) Both the cases of struggle involve mass mobilisations. 1¼×4=5

Ans. 26. The different types of party systems and their merits :

(i) One - party system

Merit : The decisions are taken quickly and frequently.

(ii) Bi-party or Two Party system

Merit : It gives fair chance for the competing parties to come to power. Generally, one party forms government and other party sits in opposition. England is a good example of Bi-party system.

(iii) Multi-party system

Merit : It is more representative and accountable. This system creates internal checks and balances within a coalition government.

(iv) India has a multi-party system. 5


Ans. 27. The joint efforts of seven party alliance, the Nepalese communist party, labour union and their federations, organization of the indigenous people, teachers, lawyers all taught the lesson of mobilization and organization.

The struggle of Nepali people set the example of peaceful revolution, that established democracy and brought down the rule of monarchy.

It also taught that direct participation in competetive politics can be done by creating parties contesting politics and forming governments. 5

Ans. 28. Characteristics of Kandla Sea Port :

(i) Kandla in Kuchchh was the first port that developed soon after Independence.

(ii) It was built so that the volume of trade on the Mumbai port gets eased after the loss of Karachi port to Pakistan after the Partition.

(iii) It is a tidal port.

(iv) Catering to the convenient handling of exports and imports of highly productive granary, it stretches along a huge industrial belt across the states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat.

(v) It is a free trade zone. 5

Ans. 29. 1×6=6

POLITICAL

INDIA


SRI

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C

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Champaran

Dandi

Madras

(i) Narora

(ii) Rourkela

(iii) Kandla

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SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-8

Self Assessment ____________________________ Ans. 1. Led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of citizens. 1

Or Phan Boi Chau. Ans. 2. Kalpakkam. 1

Ans. 3. Oil India Limited. 1

Ans. 4. United Kingdom. 1

Ans. 5. Thorium. 1

Ans. 6. They hold regular elections. 1

Ans. 7. Tax on import. 1

Ans. 8. Consumer international. 1

Ans. 9. Characteristics features :

(i) Otto Von Bismarck, Chief Minister of Prussia was the architect of this process of unification.

(ii) The wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark and France, ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification.

(iii) The Prussian King, William-I was proclaimed the German Emperor. 1×3=3

Or The role of ‘Trung Sisters’ in the nationalist movement of Vietnam : (i) ‘Trung Sisters’ had fought against Chinese domination in 39-43 CE. (ii) These sisters fought as patriot to save Vietnam from the Chinese. (iii) Phan Boi Chau wrote a play based on their lives and they were idealized and

glorified. (iv) They were depicted in paintings, plays and novels as representing their intense

patriotism towards Vietnam. (Any three) 3

Ans. 10. The Rowlatt Act of 1919 was opposed in the following ways : (i) People organised hartals in cities, railways went on strike. (ii) Shops were closed down. (iii) Rallies were organised in various cities. Jalianwala bagh massacre took place in opposition of the Rowlatt Act. 3

Ans. 11. (i) Aluminium is extracted from the Bauxite ore. (ii) Aluminium is gaining importance because of its extreme lightness, good conductivity

and great malleability. It combines the strength of metals such as Iron. (iii) It is mainly found in Amarkantak plateau, Maikal hills and the plateau region of

Bilaspur — Katni. Koraput district in Odisha has large deposits. Odisha is the largest bauxite producing state. Others are Gujarat, Maharashtra and Jharkhand. 1+1+1=3


Ans. 12. Conservation of energy resources is essential because :

(i) Every sector of the National Economy needs inputs of energy. (ii) Consumption of energy is increasing, hence resources are getting exhausted. (iii) Energy is required for future — hence conservation is essential. (iv) Energy saved is energy produced. So, judicious use of energy is essential. (Any three) 3

Ans. 13. Challenges faced by the jute industry :

(i) Stiff competition in the international market. (ii) Lack of demand due to synthetic substitutes available. Government policy is trying to revive

the market. (iii) Low productivity and high cost of production. Ans. 14. Analysis :

(i) Agro-industries in India have given a major boost to agriculture by raising of its productivity. (ii) Industries depend on agriculture for their raw material. (iii) Industries set all their products such as irrigation pumps, fertilisers etc. to the farmers. 3

Ans. 15. (i) Democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities. Although majority of voters constitute the poverty ridden group, yet democratically elected government do not appear to be as keen to address the question of poverty as you would expect them to.

(ii) Situation is much worse in some of the countries where people depend upon rich countries for food supplies.

(iii) But even then democracy is favoured because it provides the opportunity to change the rulers. (Any three) 1×3=3

Ans. 16. Pressure group is a group of people which tries to exert pressure on administration to get these laws passed which do not go against their interest. They also use persuasive methods to get favourable decisions. They do not participate in politics directly. But political parties take participates in politics directly. The relation between the two are direct and indirect both. (CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-SPXOUWE) 3

Ans. 17. Democracy is rated as better and successful if it :

(i) Promotes equality among citizens. (ii) Enhances the dignity of the individuals. (iii) Improves the quality of decision making. (iv) Provides a method to resolve conflicts. (v) Allows room to correct mistakes. (Any three) 3

Ans. 18. (i) Telecommunication facilities are used to contact and communicate and to access information. (ii) Internet includes transfer of technology, money and capital across countries. (iii) Speedy transfer of information technology, money and capital integrates different countries

of the world. 3

Ans. 19. Free and fair trade :

(i) Government policies must protect the interests not only of the rich and powerful but all the people in the country.

(ii) The Government can ensure that labour laws are properly implemented and the workers get their rights.

(iii) It can support small producers to improve their performance till the time they become strong enough to compete.

(iv) The government can use trade and investment barriers. It can also negotiate at the WTO for fairer rules. (Any three) 1×3=3


Ans. 20. Right to choose :

(i) Consumers have the right to be protected against the marketing of goods and delivery of services.

(ii) Consumers have the right to avail safety against hazardous and electrical goods.

(iii) Many goods and services require special attention to safety as pressure cooker, Geysers, Gas cylinders, etc.

Ans. 21. Role of Giuseppe Mazzini in the unification of Italy :

(i) He became member of various secret societies such as ‘Young Italy’ or ‘Young Europe’.

(ii) He attempted revolution in liguris.

(iii) He wanted unification with wider alliance of nations.

(iv) He frightened conservatives through opposition to Monarchy and vision of democratic republics.

(v) He favoured war for unification of Italy.

(vi) He wanted Economic development and Political dominance. (Any five) 5

Or

Vietnamese shared an amicable relationship with Japan and China. They provide a refuge for those who were trying to escape from the French police, models for those who were looking for change. They also provided a location where Asian network of revolutionaries could be established. In 1907-08, some 300 Vietnamese students went to Japan to get modern education. They also established a branch of Restoration society in Tokyo.

Developments associated with China also inspired Vietnamese. The long established monarchy of China was overthrown by a popular movement under Sun-Yet-Sen, In 1911, a republic was set up. Later Vietnamese students established an association for restoration of Vietnam Viet Nam Quan Phuc Hoi. 5

Ans. 22. Reasons of grievances of the peasants against the government were :

(i) Due to forest laws of the colonial government.

(ii) Depriving them of the traditional rights of entering the forest.

(iii) High land Revenue.

(iv) Forced to perform beggary.

Steps taken to organise peasant movement :

(i) Many Kisan Sabhas were set.

(ii) Organised Guerrilla militant movement.

(iii) Attacked police station and attempted to kill police officials.

(iv) Gandhiji declared that no tax should be paid. 2½+2½×5

Ans. 23. (i) The sense of collective beloging meant that people began to feel that they all are the part of the same nation. This discovered a sense of unity which bound them together.

(ii) They were the part of variety of cultural processes through which nationalism captured people’s imagination.

(iii) Indian folklore, history and fiction, popular prints and symbols all developed a sense of pride in the past.

(iv) The sense of belonging came partly through the experience of united struggles.

(v) Carrying a flag and holding it along during marches became a symbol of defiance. 5


Ans. 24. (i) Our spinning mills are competitive at the global level but the weaving, knitting and processing units cannot use much of the high quality yarn that is produced in the country.

(ii) We need to import good quality staple cotton.

(iii) Low output of labour and stiff competition with the synthetic fibre industry

(iv) The world trade of cotton yarn is much larger than the trade of cotton garments. 1¼×4=5

Ans. 25. Influence of pressure groups and movements :

(i) They try to gain public support and sympathy for their goals by carrying out campaigns, meetings, filings, etc.

(ii) They often organize protest activities like strikes.

(iii) Many of them may participate in official bodies and committies that offer advice to the government.

(iv) They seek to exert influence on political parties without participating in politics themselves.

(v) Many a times pressure groups of movements are led by political parties. 1×5=5

Ans. 26. Suggestions to reform the political parties :

(i) A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties. It should be made compulsory for political parties to maintain a register of its members, to follow its constitution, to act as a judge in case of party disputes, to hold open elections to the highest posts.

(ii) It should be made mandatory for political parties to give a maximum number of tickets to women.

(iii) Similarly, a 33% quota for women can be fixed in the decision-making body of the party.

(iv) There should be state funding of elections. The government should give parties money to support their election expenses.

(v) Every political party should disclose the source of their income. It should be made compulsory. 1×5=5

Ans. 27. (a) Bank would need for the specified loan amount and duration of loan.

(b) Bank would know about the mode of repayment.

(c) After that, Bank would require collateral and proper documentation for getting a loan.

(d) A reasonable rate of interest would be charged for the loan.

(e) Proper records would be maintained. (CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-SPXOUWE) 1×5=5

Ans. 28. Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and affluents discharged into rivers. The main culprits in this regard are paper, pulp, chemical, textile and dyeing, petroleum refineries, tanneries and electroplating industries that let out dyes, detergents, acids, salts and heavy metals like lead and mercury pesticides, fertilisers, synthetic chemicals with carbon, plastics and rubber, etc. into the water bodies.

To minimize environment degradation by industries :

(i) Rainwater harvesting needs to be practised.

(ii) Overdrawing of ground water reserves by industries where there is a threat to ground water should be prohibited.

(iii) Minimizing use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it at every two or more successive stages. 5


Ans. 29. 1×6=6

POLITICAL

INDIA


SRI

LANKA

C

BA

Amritsar

(iii) Raja Sansi(International Airport)

AhmedabadCalcutta

(i) Bhilai

(ii) Coimbatore

SOC

IAL

SCIE

NC

E O

swaa

l CB

SE C

lass

-10

, SA

-2 E

xam

inat

ion

Sam

ple

Que

stio

n P

aper


Self Assessment ____________________________ Ans. 1. Young Italy. 1

Or Success of collective bargaining. Ans. 2. Chauri Chaura. 1

Ans. 3. Textile Industry. 1

Ans. 4. Expressway National Highway. 1

Ans. 5. BAMCEF. 1

Ans. 6. Political party that runs government. 1

Ans. 7. Bureau of Indian Standards. 1

Ans. 8. Absence of collaterals. 1

Ans. 9. Cavour was the Chief Minister of Sardinia - Piedmont. His contribution to the unification of Italy was : 1+2=3

(i) He was a good administrator and worked for the unification of Italy. (ii) He led the movement to unify the regions of state.

Or (i) Phan Chu Trinh was a nationalist and sought to end France’s brutal occupation of

Vietnam. (ii) He was intensely hostile to monarchy and opposed the idea of resisting the French

with the help of court. (iii) He wanted to establish a democratic republic. (iv) He was influenced by western ideals like liberty. (Any three) 1×3=3

Ans. 10. Gandhiji issued an eleven point ultimatum to Lord Irwin, combining some general and specific demands. Some of them are as follows :

(i) Release of political prisoners. (ii) Cuts in army expenses, civil services salaries. (iii) Lowering of rupee sterling rate. (iv) Abolition of both salt tax and government salt monopoly. The abolition of salt tax was the most stirring demand because it was the most essential

item of the food and consumed by the rich and the poor alike. ½+½+½+½+1=3

Ans. 11. Ways for the judicious use of energy resources :

(i) By using public transport system. (ii) Switching off electricity when not in use.

(iii) Using power saving devices.

(iv) Using non-conventional sources of energy. (Any three) 3


Ans. 12. Factors responsible for location of jute textiles :

Proximity of the jute producing area, the areas that produce jute in abundance are located near west bengal around hoogli river . This is one of the factor affecting the localisation of jute industies inexpensive water transport: hoogli river provides a good network of water ways suported by a good network of railways roadways nd waterways that allows easier transportation of raw materials n finished goods abundance of water: The jute industry requires abundance of water for processing raw material to finished goods this requirement is well fulfilled by hoogli river cheap labour: Cheap labour from bihar uttar pradesh and orrisa is available. (Any three) 1×3=3

Ans. 13. India is not able to perform her full potential in iron and steel production because of :

(i) high costs and limited availability of cooking coal.

(ii) Low production of labour.

(iii) Irregular supply of energy/power.

(iv) Poor infrastructure. (Any three) 1×3=3

Ans. 14. Importance of tourism as trade :

(i) Our country earns foreign exchange through tourism. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry.

(ii) It promotes National Integration and provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits.

(iii) It also helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage. 1×3=3

Ans. 15. (i) Pressure groups have a strong organisation but movement groups have a loose organisation.

(ii) Decision making in pressure groups is formal but informal in case of movement groups.

(iii) Pressure groups depend on the participation of its members, but movement groups depend much more on spontaneous mass participation. 1×3=3

Ans. 16. Bahujan Samaj Party.

Features :

(i) It was formed in 1984 under the leadership of Kanshi Ram.

(ii) It stands for the welfare of dalits and oppressed people. 1+2=3

Ans. 17. (i) The financial accounts of every political party should be made public. These accounts should be examined by Government auditors.

(ii) There should be state funding of elections.

(iii) Citizen should be encouraged to give more donations to parties and to political workers. Such donations should be exempt from income tax. (CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-SPXOUWE) (1×3=3)

Ans. 18. Factors that have enabled Globalisation are :

(i) Improvement in transportation : This has made the delivery of goods much faster across long distances, possible at lower costs.

(ii) Improvement in Information and Technology : It has played a major role in spreading out production of services across countries. Tele-communication facilities are used to contact one another around the world to access information instantly and to communicate from remote areas. Computers have now entered almost every field of activity. So, also the internet, e-mail at negligible costs.


(iii) Liberalisation nations have removed the barriers to foreign trade and foreign investment and thus promoted and facilitated globalization. 3

Ans. 19. Yes.

(i) Consumers need to engage lawyers which costs money.

(ii) Cases require time for filing and attending court.

(iii) Purchases are mostly small and cash memos are rarely issued. (Any two) 1+2=3

Ans. 20. Particulars about the goods and services are available as given below :

(i) Ingredients used in the product.

(ii) Date of manufacture.

(iii) Expiry date (upto which date can be used).

(iv) Address of the manufacturing.

(v) Directions for proper use. (Any three) 3

Ans. 21. Reasons :

(i) The first half of the 19th century saw an enormous increase in population all over Europe.

(ii) Job seekers were more and employment opportunities were less.

(iii) People from rural areas migrated to cities and made cities overcrowded slums.

(iv) Small producers often faced stiff competition from imports of cheap machine made goods.

(v) Peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations. 5

Or

(i) In 1907–08, some 300 Vietnamese students went to Japan to acquire modern education. This is to Go East Movement.

(ii) The main objective was to drive out the French from Vietnam and overthrow the puppet emperor.

(iii) These note analysts-established the Nguyen dynasty that had been deposed by the French.

(iv) They worked for foreign arms and help.

(v) They appealed to the Japanese as fellow Asians for help.

Ans. 22. Gandhiji converted the National Movement into a mass movement in the following manner :

(i) His simple and saintly life and style of convincing the masses made him popular.

(ii) His undisputed leadership and magnetic personality.

(iii) His policy of non-violent Satyagraha.

(iv) His programmes of social reforms like fighting against untouchability.

(v) His commitment to Hindu-Muslim unity. 5

Ans. 23. Industrial locations are complex in nature. They are influenced by a number of factors that determine their location in region.

The physical factors that influence that location of industries are as follows :

Availability of raw materials — Raw materials for industries range from agricultural products to minerals. Raw material required for the industry must be available cheaply and at close range or at well-linked places. In case of industries using bulky raw materials like iron, bauxite, etc., the ideal location is near the sources of raw materials. 5


Ans. 24. Railways are the most important mode of transport in India :

(i) Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India, as they link different parts of the country.

(ii) They carry huge loads and bulky goods to long distances.

(iii) Railways make it possible to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances.

(iv) Railways have been a great integrating force for the nation, for more than 150 years now.

(v) They have been helpful in binding the economic life of the country and cultural fusion.

(vi) They have accelerated the development of the industry and agriculture. (Any five) 5

Ans. 25. If several parties compete for power and more than two parties have a reasonable chance of coming to power, either on their own strength or in alliance with others, we call it a multiparty system.

Merits :

(i) This system allows a variety of interests and opinions.

(ii) People have to make a choice between several candidates.

(iii) The ruling party will be checked by opposition parties, so that mal practices will reduce.

Demerits :

(i) It appears messy.

(ii) It leads to political instability.

(iii) With three or more parties, a party has a much more likely chance of being elected without holding the same beliefs of the majority of people. 2+1½+1½=5

Ans. 26. The challenge of deepening of democracy is faced by every democracy in one form or the other. This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy. This should happen in such a way that people can realize their expectations of democracy. But ordinary people have different expectations from democracy in different societies. Therefore, challenge takes different meanings and paths in different parts of the world. In general terms, it usually means strengthening those institutions that help people’s participation and control. This requires an attempt to bring down the control and influence of the rich and powerful people in making governmental decisions. 5

Ans. 27. Objective of Self Help Groups (SHG) :

(i) Helps in pooling the savings of the women members who are poor.

(ii) Timely loans are given for a variety of purposes.

(iii) Reasonable rate of interest and lack of collateral.

(iv) Provides platform to discuss variety of social issues.

(v) The pooled savings can be used as a callateral to take a loan from a bank. 5

Ans. 28. WTO : World Trade Organisation

Features :

(i) To Liberalise International Trade.

(ii) To make rules regarding International Trade.

(iii) To see that these rules are followed by every member countries.

(iv) Encouraging the adoption of liberal economic policies by governments. (CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-SPXOUWE) 5


Ans. 29. 1×6=6

POLITICAL

INDIA


SRI

LANKA

C

B

A

Bokaro

Kolkata

Bellary

(i) Kheda

(ii) Nagpur

(iii) Amritsar

SOC

IAL

SCIE

NC

E O

swaa

l CB

SE C

lass

-10

, SA

-2 E

xam

inat

ion

Sam

ple

Que

stio

n P

aper


Self Assessment ____________________________ Ans. 1. Red, green and yellow. 1

Ans. 2. Ludhiana. 1

Ans. 3. Organisation that led Bolivian mass protest. 1

Ans. 4. Manikaran. 1

Ans. 5. The Election Commission of India. 1

Ans. 6. About 1/4th. 1

Ans. 7. Goods are exchanged for goods. 1

Ans. 8. 15% (CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-ABTAF1R) 1

Ans. 9. Representatives of the European power, Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria signed treaty of Vienna in 1815. The impacts of treaty were :

(i) Deposed Bourbon dynasty was restored to power. Future expansion of French was prevented.

(ii) Prussia was given important new territories on its Western frontiers, while Austria was given control of Northern Italy.

(iii) In the East, Russia was given part of Poland while Prussia was given a portion of Saxony.

(iv) The treaty slowed down the growth of nationalism. There was an effort to restore Monarchies that had been overthrown by Napoleon and to create a new conservatives order in Europe. 3

Or

French colonization was not based only on economic exploitation. It was also driven by the idea of a ‘Civilizing Mission’. Like the British in India, the French claimed that they were bringing modern civilization to the Vietnamese. They took for granted that Europe had developed the most advanced civilization. So, it became the duty of the Europeans to introduce these modern ideas to the colony even if this meant destroying local cultures, religions and traditions, because were seen as outdated and prevented modern development. Education was seen as one way to civilize the ‘native’.

Colonies were considered essential to supply natural resources and other essential goods. Like other Western nations, France also thought it was the mission of the ‘advanced’ European countries to bring the benefits of civilization to backward peoples.

Ans. 10. In the countryside, rich peasant communities such as the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh took active participation in the movement.

(i) They were very hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices being producers of commercial crops.


(ii) As their cash income disappeared, they found it impossible to fulfil the government’s revenue demand.

(iii) Refusal of the government to reduce the revenue demand led to widespread resentment. (iv) These rich peasants became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience Movement,

organizing their communities and at times forcing reluctant members, to participate in the boycott programmes.

(v) The fight for Swaraj was a struggle for them against high revenues. (Any three) 3

Ans. 11.

No. Ferrous Minerals Non-Ferrous Minerals

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

The minerals containing iron content are called ferrous minerals.They are used in iron and steel industry.Example : Iron, manganese, cobalt etc.

The minerals which do not contain iron content are called non-ferrous minerals. They have their own utility and are used in electrical, electronic and chemical industries. Example : Copper, lead, aluminium, etc.

3

Ans. 12. (i) It is essential for construction activities like buildings, bridges etc. (ii) It requires bulky and heavy raw material like- limestone, silica, alumina and gypsum. (iii) Coal and electric power are also required. (iv) At present 166 large plants and 350 mini plants are there in India as on 31.03.2011. (v) This industry is doing well in terms of production as well as export. (Any three) 1×3=3

Ans. 13. Iron and steel industries are called basic industry because all the industries depend on them for their machinery.

The problems faced by this industry are :

(i) This industry faces difficulty in buying coal because of its high cost and limited availability. (ii) There is an irregular supply of energy and electricity in India, so that work becomes more

difficult. 1+2=3

Ans. 14. (i) They enable goods to reach newer markets and allows people greater accessibility to goods and services.

(ii) They help in increasing cooperation and assistance between countries by easy movement of goods and material between countries.

(iii) They help in trade and commerce within country. 1×3=3

Ans. 15. Pressure groups are organizations that attempt to influence government policies. Differences :

(i) Unlike political parties, pressure group does not aim to share or directly control political power.

(ii) These organizations are formed when people with common occupation, interests, aspirations, or opinions come together in order to achieve a common objective. Whereas in political parties are those which come together to contest elections and hold power in the government.

(iii) A pressure group represents their own single interests while political party represents various interests. 1×3=3

Ans. 16. A democratic government can be made accountable by :

(i) Conducting discussions and negotiations. (ii) By ensuring transparency. (iii) Holding regular, free and fair elections. (iv) Having open public debates. 1×3=3


Ans. 17. Democratic principles cannot be implemented only on the basis of legal constitutional changes. It lies in the application of expansion of democratic principles to all social groups across regions. It requires the support of political parties, groups etc. These laws have been formulated to overcome the problems.

Expansion includes taking democracy to the grass root level through local governments. It includes empowerment of women and applies federal principles to ensure autonomous decision-making and decentralization. 3

Ans. 18. (a) Awareness of one’s right. (b) Responsibility of the consumer. (c) Social ethics of morality. (CBSE Marking Scheme 2014, Set-SPXOUWE) 1×3=3

Ans. 19. A consumer needs to be well informed as :

A well informed consumer knows how to fight for his own rights. An educated consumer becomes a rational consumer i.e., he knows how to spend money to derive the maximum satisfaction out of d product he/she buys. A well informed consumer cannot be cheated easily by the shop-keepers,traders etc. 3

Ans. 20. Limitation of consumer movement :

(i) It is cumbersome, expensive and time consuming.

(ii) Evidences are not easy to gather.

(iii) Existing laws are not clear.

(vi) Lack of consumer awareness.

(v) Rules and regulations are not clear. (Any three) 1×3=3

Ans. 21. (i) During the middle of the nineteenth century, Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one Piedmont and Sardinia was ruled by a Italian princely house. The North was under Austrian Habsburgs. Centers were under the pope and Southern states were under the Bourbon king of Spain.

(ii) By 1830, Giuseppe Mazzini put forward coherent programme of unitary Italian republic. Formed secret society named young Italy to inspire them with ideas of unification.

(iii) After the failure of revolutionary movement, the responsibility of unification lay on Victor Emmanuel-II who along with the chief minister Cavour led the movement to unify the regions of Italy.

(iv) Through a tactful diplomatic alliance with France he defeated Austrian force in 1859.

(v) Garibaldi, another leader in Italian unification, along with his armed volunteers marched into southern kingdom of Two Sicily’s and drove away the rulers with the local peasants. In 1861, Victor Emmanuel-II was proclaimed the king of united Italy. 5

Or

An incident which happened in Saigon Native Girls school in 1926 created much bad blood in Vietnam. It so happened when a Vietnamese girl sitting on one of the front seats was asked to vacate her seat for a local French student. When she refused to do so, she was expelled from the school by the principal. When the angry students protested, they too were expelled leading to further spread of the agitation and the protest. Seeing the situation getting out of control, the school authorities forced the school to take back the students. Such incidence went a long way in instilling the national feelings among the Vietnamese people. 5

Ans. 22. (i) Socialy and politically, a landed aristocracy was the dominant class on the continent. The members of this class were united by a common way of life that cut across regional division.

(ii) They spoke French for purpose of diplomacy and in high society.


(iii) Industrialisation began in England in second half of the eighteenth century but in France and Germany states, it occurred only during the 19th century. In its wake, new social groups came into being.

(iv) It was among the educated liberal middle class that ideas of national unity following abolition of aristocratic privileges gained popularity. 5

Ans. 23. Civil Disobedience Movement : Violation of salt law by manufacturing salt from sea water by Gandhi ji marked the beginning of Civil Disobedience Movement.

(i) Rich peasants (Patidars of Gujrat and Jats of Uttar Pradesh) were active in the movement. They were hard hit by the trade depressions and falling prices. The refusal of the government to reduce the revenue led to widespread resentment.

(iii) Poor peasants wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord be remitted so they join Civil Disobedience Movement. 1+1+1½+1½=5

Ans. 24. Advantages of road transport in India :

(i) Roadways have lower cost than railway lines.

(ii) It can cover more undulating and dissected topography.

(iii) It can negotiate higher gradients like the Himalayan Mountains.

(iv) It is economical in case of move of smaller number of persons and goods over short distances.

(v) It provides door to door accessibility.

(vi) In roadways, the cost of loading and unloading is much cheaper.

(vii) Road transport can be used as a feeder to other modes of transport as they provide link between the railway stations, air and sea ports. (Any five) 5

Ans. 25. (i) Lack of internal democracy : The first challenge is lack of internal democracy between the parties concentration of power in one or few leaders at the top.

(ii) Dynastic succession : It favours people close to them or even their family members. In many parties the top positions are always controlled by members of one family.

(iii) Money and muscle power : The third challenge is about growing role of money and muscle power in parties, especially during elections.

(iv) Meaningful choice : The fourth challenge is that very often parties do not seem to offer a meaningful choice to the voters.

Ans. 26. (i) Democracies throughout the world has recognized the fact that people should be treated with due respect. The passion of respect and freedom is the basis of democracy.

(ii) Democracies recognize all individuals equal. This equality is the big thing for the societies which have been built for long on the basis of subordination and domination.

(iii) Most societies across the world were male–dominated but democracies have created sensitivity that equal treatment of women is necessary ingredient of a democratic society.

(iv) Caste–based inequalities and atrocities are also not acceptable to democracies.

(v) All these combined together enhance the dignity and freedom off the individual. 5

Ans. 27. Collateral is an asset of the borrower which can be used as a guarantee if the loan is not repaid, of a property house, livestock, etc.

Lenders ask for collateral to save themselves against any possibility of default by the borrowers. The lenders have the right to sell the collateral in case the borrower fail to repay the loan. For example, banks ask for collateral as it. It acts as a guarantee that the borrower is capable of paying the loan bank to the lender. 5

Ans. 28. The duties of consumer while purchasing a thing are : (i) Consumer should look at the quality of the product, market price, guarantee period, date of

manufacturing, expiry date, etc.


(ii) Consumers should purchase standard products with seal of ISI or the AGMARK. (iii) Consumers should ask for a cash memo and warrantee card. (iv) He should know the legal procedures if he is cheated. (v) He should be aware of his duties. 5

Ans. 29. 1×6=6

POLITICAL

INDIA


SRI

LANKA

C

B

A

Srinagar

Kanyakumari

Kudermukh

(i) Chauri Chaura

(ii) Bardoli

(iii) Madras

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