san bernardino terrorist assets seizure filing
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EI LEEN M. DECKERUni t ed St at es At t or neyLAWRENCE S. MI DDLETONAssi st ant Uni t ed St at es At t or neyChi ef , Cr i mi nal Di vi si on
STEVEN R. WELKAssi st ant Uni t ed St at es At t or neyChi ef , Asset For f ei t ur e Sect i onFRANK D. KORTUMAssi st ant Uni t ed St at es At t or neyAsset For f ei t ur e Sect i onCal i f or ni a Bar No. 110984
Feder al Cour t house, 14t h Fl oor312 Nor t h Spr i ng St r eetLos Angel es, Cal i f or ni a 90012 Tel ephone: ( 213) 894- 5710
Facsi mi l e: ( 213) 894- 7177E- mai l : Fr ank. Kort um@usdoj . gov
At t or neys f or Pl ai nt i f fUni t ed St ates of Amer i ca
UNI TED STATES DI STRI CT COURT
FOR THE CENTRAL DI STRI CT OF CALI FORNI A
EASTERN DI VI SI ON
UNI TED STATES OF AMERI CA,
Pl ai nt i f f ,
vs .
ALL MONI ES, I NCLUDI NG I NSURANCEBENEFI TS AND I NTEREST, PAYABLEPURSUANT TO CLAI M NUMBER1179068 UNDER MI NNESOTA LI FEI NSURANCE GROUP POLI CY NO.33772- G, FOR BASI C LI FEI NSURANCE COVERAGE I N THE
AMOUNT OF $25, 000, ANDSUPPLEMENTAL LI FE I NSURANCECOVERAGE I N THE AMOUNT OF$250, 000,
Def endant s.
))))))))))))
)))))))
NO. 5: 16- CV- 1129
VERI FI ED COMPLAI NT FORFORFEI TURE
[ 18 U. S. C. § 981( a) ( 1) ( G) ( i i i ) ]
[ F. B. I . ]
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The Uni t ed Stat es of Amer i ca br i ngs t hi s cl ai m agai nst t he
def endant s al l moni es, i ncl udi ng i nsur ance benef i t s and
i nt er est , payabl e pur suant t o cl ai m number 1179068 under
Mi nnesota Li f e I nsur ance gr oup pol i cy no. 33772- G, f or basi c
l i f e i nsurance cover age i n t he amount of $25, 000, and
suppl ement al l i f e i nsurance cover age i n t he amount of $250, 000
( t he “Pol i cy Benef i t s”) , and al l eges as f ol l ows:
J URI SDI CTI ON AND VENUE
1. Thi s i s a ci vi l f or f ei t ure act i on brought pur suant t o
18 U. S. C. § 981( a) ( 1) ( G) ( i i i ) .
2.
Thi s cour t has j ur i sdi ct i on over t he mat t er under 28
U. S. C. §§ 1345 and 1355.
3. Venue l i es i n t hi s di st r i ct pur suant t o 28 U. S. C.
§ 1395( a) .
PERSONS AND ENTI TI ES
4. The pl ai nt i f f i s t he Uni t ed Stat es of Amer i ca.
5.
The def endant s ar e al l moni es, i ncl udi ng i nsur ance
benef i t s and i nt er est , payabl e pur suant t o cl ai m number 1179068
under Mi nnesot a Li f e I nsurance gr oup pol i cy no. 33772- G, f or
basi c l i f e i nsurance cover age i n t he amount of $25, 000, and
suppl ement al l i f e i nsurance cover age i n the amount of $250, 000.
6. The i nter est s of Raf i a Far ook ( “Raf i a”) i n t he Pol i cy
Benef i t s may be adver sel y af f ected by t hese pr oceedi ngs.
7.
The def endant Pol i cy Benef i t s, once t aken i nto
pl ai nt i f f ’ s cust ody pur suant t o t he ar r est war r ant i n r em, shal l
be hel d by the Uni t ed St at es Mar shal s Ser vi ce, where t hey shal l
r emai n subj ect t o t hi s cour t ’ s j ur i sdi ct i on dur i ng t he pendency
of t hi s act i on.
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SUMMARY OF FACTUAL AND LEGAL BASES FOR FORFEI TURE
8. Syed Ri zwan Farook ( “Far ook”) was one of t he
per pet r at or s of a t er r or i st at t ack t hat occur r ed on December 2,
2015 i n San Ber nar di no, Cal i f or ni a, i n t he Cent r al Di st r i ct of
Cal i f or ni a ( t he “San Ber nar di no At t ack”) . Dur i ng t he cour se of
t he San Bernar di no At t ack, Far ook di ed i n a shoot out wi t h l aw
enf or cement . I nvest i gat i on has r eveal ed t hat Far ook had been
r adi cal i zed and aspi r ed t o engage i n t er r or i st act i ons begi nni ng
no l at er t han 2011. St ar t i ng i n appr oxi mat el y 2011, Far ook and
a co- conspi r at or , Enr i que Mar quez J r . ( “Mar quez”) , made pl ans t o
conduct t er r or i st att acks i n Ri ver si de Count y, Cal i f or ni a. As
par t of t hat pl anni ng, Farook and Marquez acqui r ed weapons and
expl osi ve powder t o f aci l i t at e the at t acks and engaged i n
t r ai ni ng t o car r y out t he at t ack pl ans. I n 2012 and 2013, af t er
Far ook had i ni t i at ed pl ans t o conduct t he at t acks, he obt ai ned
t he l i f e i nsurance coverage descr i bed above. Far ook named
Raf i a, hi s mot her , as t he pr i mar y benef i ci ar y of t hat cover age.
9. Pl ai nt i f f al l eges t hat t he Pol i cy Benef i t s ar e asset s
der i ved f r om a Feder al cri me of t er r or i sm, as t hat t er m i s
def i ned at 18 U. S. C. § 2332b( g) ( 5) . Speci f i cal l y, i n car r yi ng
out t he San Ber nar di no At t ack, Far ook i nt ended t o i nf l uence or
af f ect t he conduct of gover nment by i nt i mi dat i on or coer ci on, or
t o r et al i at e agai nst gover nment conduct ; and vi ol at ed 18 U. S. C.
§§ 2332f ( pr ohi bi t i ng t he del i ver y of an expl osi ve devi ce t o a
pl ace of publ i c use or a st at e or gover nment f aci l i t y, wi t h t he
i nt ent t o cause deat h or ser i ous bodi l y i nj ur y, or ext ensi ve
dest r uct i on of such a pl ace or f aci l i t y) and 2339A ( pr ovi di ng
mat er i al suppor t t o t er r or i st s) . The Pol i cy Benef i t s ar e
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t her ef or e subj ect t o f or f ei t ur e pur suant t o 18 U. S. C.
§ 981( a) ( 1) ( G) ( i i i ) .
FACTS SUPPORTI NG FORFEI TURE
Far ook’ s Pl ans f or Vi ol ent J i had
10. Begi nni ng at an unknown t i me, but no l ater t han
November 14, 2011, and cont i nui ng t hrough t o December 2, 2015,
Far ook and hi s co- conspi r at or s ( speci f i cal l y, hi s wi f e, Tashf een
Mal i k ( “Mal i k”) and, at t i mes, Mar quez) , engaged i n t he pl anni ng
of and pr epar at i on t o car r y out t er r or i st at t acks agai nst t he
Uni t ed St at es, i t s ci t i zens and t hei r pr oper t y. Far ook’ s pl ans
cul mi nated i n t he San Bernardi no At t ack on December 2, 2015,
car r i ed out by Far ook and Mal i k.
Far ook and Mar quez Pl an Ter r or i st At t acks
11. Far ook conspi r ed wi t h Mar quez t o acqui r e f i r ear ms and
bomb- maki ng components, whi ch Far ook and Mal i k ul t i mat el y used
i n t he San Ber nar di no At t ack. Due i n par t t o hi s i nvol vement i n
t he acqui si t i on of t hose f i r ear ms and bomb- maki ng component s,
Marquez has been charged wi t h vi ol at i ons of 18 U. S. C. § 2339A( a)
( Conspi r i ng t o Pr ovi de Mat er i al Suppor t t o Ter r or i st s) ; 18
U. S. C. § 922( a) ( 6) ( Maki ng a Fal se St at ement i n Connect i on wi t h
t he Acqui si t i on of Fi r ear ms) ; and 18 U. S. C. § 1546 ( Fraud and
Mi suse of Vi sas, Per mi t s, and Ot her Document s) . United States
v. Marquez, EDCR 15- 93- J GB.
12. Far ook i nt r oduced Mar quez t o I sl am i n l at e 2005. I n
2007, Marquez conver t ed t o I sl am. Far ook subsequent l y
i nt r oduced Mar quez t o r adi cal I sl ami c i deol ogy, whi ch i ncl uded
di scussi on of t he ext r emi st vi ews of t he now- deceased i mam and
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I sl ami c l ect ur er Anwar al - Aul aqi , 1 who was an advocat e of vi ol ent
j i had, a t er m used i n t hi s cont ext t o connot e a r el i gi ous war
car r i ed out by Musl i ms agai nst t hose who do not bel i eve i n
I sl am. Vi ol ent j i hadi st s bel i eve t hat t hei r deat h whi l e
f ur t her i ng j i had wi l l r esul t i n t hei r mar t yr dom. One of t he
goal s of vi ol ent j i had i s t he pur sui t of a hol y war agai nst t he
Uni t ed St at es i n r et al i at i on f or gover nment pol i ci es, such as
t he suppor t of I sr ael .
13. I n approxi mat el y 2011, Far ook and Marquez began maki ng
pl ans t o commi t t er r or i st act s i n t he sout her n Cal i f or ni a ar ea.
They wer e i nspi r ed by t he act s of Musl i m Ar my Maj or Ni dal Hasan,
who shot and ki l l ed 13 peopl e and i nj ur ed more than 30 at For t
Hood, Texas on November 5, 2009. Mar quez and Far ook al so
1 Anwar al - Aul aqi has been i dent i f i ed as a pr opagandi st andat t ack pl anner f or Al - Qa’ i da i n t he Ar abi an Peni nsul a. Accor di ngt o t he Combat t i ng Ter r or i sm Cent er ar t i cl e “Anwar al - `Awl aqi :Pr of i l e of a J i hadi Radi cal i zer ” by Chr i st opher Hef f el f i nger ,dat ed Mar ch 2010,
Al - `Awl aqi has al r eady ser ved t o r adi cal i ze a si zeabl enumber of young Musl i ms, i ncl udi ng Amer i cans and otherEngl i sh- speaki ng Musl i ms who aspi r ed t o l ear n more about j i had and i t s per mi ssi bi l i t y accor di ng t o Shar i `a ( I sl ami cl aw) . He has t r ansl at ed and di scussed f amous Ar abi c-l anguage t r act s on j i had i n hi s l ect ur es and ar t i cl es, aswel l as hadi t h st or i es and ot her mat t er s of f ai t h anddoct r i ne. . . . What makes al - `Awl aqi uni que i s hi s rol e i nt he r adi cal i zat i on pr ocess, ser vi ng as a cri t i cal l i nk t hatt akes dedi cat ed st udent s of Sal af i - j i hadi i deol ogy f r om an
i nspi r at i onal t o an oper at i onal mode. Accor di ngl y, al -`Awl aqi ’ s gr eat est si gni f i cance l i es i n hi s abi l i t y t of unct i on as a mot i vat i onal speaker , demonst r at i ng a pr ovent al ent t o dr i ve bel i ever s i nt o acti on.
CTC Sent i nel , Mar ch 2010, Vol ume 3 I ssue 3 ( avai l abl e atht t ps: / / www. ct c. usma. edu/ post s/ anwar - al - awl aqi - pr of i l e- of - a- j i hadi - r adi cal i zer ) .
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st udi ed ot her t er r or i st shoot i ngs, i ncl udi ng t he 2011 at t ack i n
Osl o, Norway, wher e a Norwegi an man set of f bombs i n a
gover nment cent er , ki l l i ng seven peopl e, bef or e headi ng t o an
i sl and summer camp f or young member s of t he Labor Par t y and
ki l l i ng at l east 80 ot her s. Dur i ng t hi s per i od, Mar quez had
t i es t o a gr oup of j i hadi st s ( “Cal i f or ni a j i hadi st s”) who wer e
ar r est ed i n 2012 when t hey at t empt ed t o t r avel t o Af ghani st an t o
j oi n Al Qa’ i da.
14. Far ook pr ovi ded Mar quez wi t h r adi cal I sl ami c mat er i al s
i n 2011. Marquez spent t i me at Far ook’ s r esi dence, where he
r ead mat er i al s, l i st ened t o l ect ur es, and wat ched vi deos
i nvol vi ng r adi cal I sl ami c cont ent . For exampl e, Mar quez
r evi ewed a publ i cat i on by Al - Qa’ i da i n t he Ar abi an Peni nsul a
( “AQAP”) ; cont ent by Al - Qa’ i da f ounder Abdul l ah Azzam; and
vi deos pr oduced by t he Al - Qa’ i da af f i l i at e Al - Shabaab. I n
August of 2011, Far ook t ol d Mar quez of hi s i nt er est i n j oi ni ng
AQAP i n Yemen.
15. I n 2011, Marquez and Far ook di scussed t he pr ospect of
becomi ng a “shahi d. ” Shahi d ( or Shaheed) i s an Ar abi c t er m
meani ng “wi t ness” and i s al so used t o denot e a mar t yr . I n t hi s
cont ext , i t i s bel i eved t o r ef er t o t he honor i f i c t er m t o denot e
a per son who has di ed dur i ng vi ol ent j i had.
16. Marquez and Far ook agr eed i n or about Oct ober 2011 t o
acqui r e f i r ear ms t o execut e t hei r pl anned t er r or i st at t acks. I n
l ate 2011 and ear l y 2012, on t wo occasi ons, Marquez pur chased
f i r ear ms, namel y, AR- 15 r i f l es, f or Far ook f r om t wo separ at e
st or es of a l ocal spor t i ng goods r et ai l er . Speci f i cal l y, on
November 14, 2011, Mar quez pur chased a Smi t h & Wesson, model
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M&P- 15 Spor t , 5. 56 cal i ber r i f l e, bear i ng ser i al number SN77510
( t he “Smi t h & Wesson Ri f l e”) . On Febr uary 22, 2012, Marquez
pur chased a DPMS, model A- 15, 5. 56 cal i ber r i f l e, bear i ng ser i al
number FH108002 ( t he “Or acl e Ri f l e”) . Marquez and Farook
subsequent l y pur chased ammuni t i on and gear . They al so vi si t ed
gun r anges t o pr act i ce shoot i ng and t r ai n f or t hei r vi ol ent
at t acks.
17. I n appr oxi matel y 2012, Marquez pur chased a bot t l e of
expl osi ve powder i n f ur t her ance of hi s and Far ook’ s pl ans t o
cr eat e bombs and commi t mass ki l l i ngs. Marquez gave t he bot t l e
of expl osi ve powder t o Far ook.
Far ook and Mal i k Mar r y and Make Pl anst o Engage i n Vi ol ent J i had
18. Af t er t he ar r est of t he Cal i f or ni a j i hadi st s i n 2012,
Mar quez di st anced hi msel f f r om Far ook. I n 2013, Far ook began
communi cat i ng onl i ne wi t h Mal i k, who was l i vi ng i n Saudi Ar abi a.
Far ook and Mal i k mar r i ed i n 2014 i n Saudi Ar abi a. Pr i or t o
t hei r marr i age, Far ook and Mal i k exchanged onl i ne communi cat i ons
i n whi ch t hey di scussed j i had and mar t yrdom. Af t er get t i ng
mar r i ed, Far ook r et ur ned t o the Uni t ed St at es wi t h Mal i k, and
t hey l i ved wi t h Raf i a. I ni t i al l y, Far ook and Mal i k l i ved i n
Ri ver si de, Cal i f or ni a, wi t h Raf i a and ot her member s of Far ook’ s
f ami l y. I n May 2015, Far ook, Mal i k, and Raf i a moved t oget her t o
a t wo- bedr oom apar t ment i n Redl ands, Cal i f or ni a, wher e t heyl i ved unt i l t he San Ber nar di no At t ack.
The San Ber nar di no At t ack
19. On December 2, 2015, Farook and Mal i k car r i ed out t he
San Ber nar di no At t ack:
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a. At appr oxi mat el y 9: 00 a. m. , Far ook ent er ed t he
I nl and Regi onal Cent er i n San Ber nar di no, Cal i f or ni a ( t he
“I RC”) t o at t end a wor k- r el at ed event and pl aced an i t em on
a t abl e. At appr oxi mat el y 10: 40 a. m. , Far ook l ef t t he
event whi l e i t was st i l l i n pr ogr ess.
b. At appr oxi matel y 11: 00 a. m. , at l east one masked
i ndi vi dual dr essed i n bl ack t act i cal gear began shoot i ng at
peopl e, bot h out si de and i nsi de t he I RC. Pl ai nt i f f al l eges
t hat Far ook was one of t he shoot er s i n t he at t ack, as par t
of whi ch, f our t een peopl e wer e ki l l ed and at l east t went y-
t wo ot her peopl e wer e i nj ur ed. Far ook l ef t t he scene i n a
bl ack spor t s ut i l i t y vehi cl e ( t he “SUV”) t hat he had
r ent ed.
c. Mi nut es af t er t he st ar t of t he San Ber nar di no
At t ack, Mal i k pl edged al l egi ance i n a Facebook post t o a
t er r or i st or gani zat i on known as t he I sl ami c St at e of I r aq
and t he Levant ( “I SI L”) . Her post st at ed “We pl edge
al l egi ance t o Khal i f a bu bkr al bhaghdadi al qur ai shi . ” Al
Bhaghadadi i s t he l eader of I SI L.
d. At t he I RC, l aw enf orcement f ound a r emotel y
cont r ol l ed i mpr ovi sed expl osi ve devi ce ( “I ED”) on a t abl e.
Thi s I ED was composed of t hree gal vani zed st eel pi pe bombs.
The t hree pi pe bombs had a green wi r e connect ed t o t hem and
wer e at t ached t o a r emot e- cont r ol t oy car t o cr eat e a
r adi o- cont r ol l ed I ED. At t he t i me l aw enf or cement f ound
i t , t he I ED was ar med and r eady t o det onat e. Pl ai nt i f f
al l eges t hat t he I ED was del i ver ed t o or pl aced at t he I RC
by Far ook.
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e. Lat er t hat day, l aw enf or cement of f i cer s l ocat ed
and pur sued t he SUV t hat had been seen l eavi ng the I RC.
Dur i ng t he pur sui t , t he vehi cl e’ s occupant s, l at er
det ermi ned t o be Far ook and Mal i k, f i r ed sever al r ounds of
ammuni t i on at l aw enf or cement of f i cer s.
f . The SUV event ual l y st opped, and Farook and Mal i k
cont i nued t o f i r e ammuni t i on r ounds at l aw enf orcement
of f i cer s, who r et ur ned f i r e. Bot h Far ook and Mal i k di ed at
t he scene. They were wear i ng cl othi ng matchi ng t he
descr i pt i on of t he shoot er s at t he I RC, and t hey wer e i n
possessi on of t he weapons used dur i ng t he at t ack at t he
I RC. Speci f i cal l y, af t er t he shoot out , l aw enf or cement
of f i cer s r ecover ed f our f i r ear ms and t housands of r ounds of
5. 56 mm ammuni t i on near t he SUV. The f our f i r ear ms
i ncl uded t he Smi t h & Wesson Ri f l e, t he Or acl e Ri f l e, and
t wo semi - aut omat i c handguns, whi ch bel onged t o Farook.
Subsequent f orensi c t est i ng of t he expended 5. 56 mm
ammuni t i on casi ngs f ound at t he I RC wi t h those f ound near
t he SUV det ermi ned t hat t he Smi t h & Wesson Ri f l e and t he
Or acl e Ri f l e wer e used bot h at t he I RC and i n t he shoot out
wi t h l aw enf or cement . At t he scene of t he shoot out , l aw
enf orcement al so uncovered t he r emote cont r ol f or t he I ED
f ound at t he I RC.
g. Between t he t i me of t he shoot i ng at t he I RC and
t he shoot out wi t h l aw enf or cement of f i cer s t hat r esul t ed i n
t hei r deat hs, Far ook and Mal i k di d not f l ee t he ar ea.
I nst ead, t hey dr ove ar ound t he ar eas near t he I RC and t hei r
r esi dence i n t he SUV.
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h. A subsequent sear ch of t he r esi dence t hat Farook
occupi ed wi t h hi s mot her Raf i a and Mal i k r esul t ed i n t he
di scover y of sever al pi eces of st eel pi pe, some of whi ch
were pl ugged on both ends wi t h gr een wi r e at t ached. Al so
di scover ed wer e bomb- maki ng equi pment and component s,
i ncl udi ng var i ous t ypes of t ool s, sol der i ng equi pment f or
t he manuf act ur e of el ect r i cal ci r cui t s, and r emot e- cont r ol
t oy car s. I nvest i gat or s al so f ound t he bot t l e of expl osi ve
powder t hat Marquez had purchased and gi ven t o Farook t o
bui l d I EDs f or use i n t hei r t er r or i st at t ack pl anni ng.
Subsequent f or ensi c t est i ng by the Feder al Bur eau of
I nvest i gat i on’ s Labor at or y, Expl osi ves Uni t , det er mi ned t he
expl osi ve powder sei zed at Far ook’ s r esi dence t o be
chemi cal l y and physi cal l y consi st ent wi t h t he expl osi ve
powder r ecover ed f r om t he I ED pl aced at t he I RC on December
2, 2015. I n addi t i on, i nvest i gat or s f ound a copy of
“Def ense of Musl i m Lands, ” by Abdul l ah Azzam, a ment or and
ear l y i nf l uencer of Osama bi n Laden, and what appear ed t o
be pages of suppl i cat i ons and pr ayer s t o Muj ahi deen.
Far ook’ s Acqui si t i on Of The I nsurance Cover age
20. Dur i ng t he per i od t hat Far ook and Marquez were
pl anni ng t err or at t acks, Far ook became an empl oyee of t he Count y
of San Ber nar di no. On or about J anuar y 28, 2012, as par t of hi s
empl oyee benef i t s, Far ook acqui r ed non- cont r i but or y l i f e
i nsur ance cover age wi t h Mi nnesot a Li f e I nsur ance Company
( “Mi nnesota Li f e”) wi t h a $25, 000 deat h benef i t . On J ul y 13,
2013, Far ook successf ul l y obt ai ned suppl ement al cont r i but or y
l i f e i nsur ance cover age f r om Mi nnesota Li f e wi t h a $250, 000
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deat h benef i t . FAROOK desi gnated Raf i a as t he pr i mary
benef i ci ar y f or al l such cover age. Far ook’ s deat h dur i ng t he
San Ber nar di no At t ack t r i gger ed t he payment of t he Pol i cy
Benef i t s, and t hose benef i t s are t he def endant asset s her e.
21. Based on t he above, pl ai nt i f f al l eges t hat t he Pol i cy
Benef i t s wer e der i ved f r om a Feder al cr i me of t er r or i sm agai nst
t he Uni t ed St at es, ci t i zens or r esi dent s of t he Uni t ed St at es,
or t hei r pr oper t y, r ender i ng t hem subj ect t o f or f ei t ur e t o t he
Uni t ed St at es pur suant t o 18 U. S. C. § 981( a) ( 1) ( G) ( i i i ) .
Speci f i cal l y, i n car r yi ng out t he San Ber nar di no At t ack, Far ook
commi t t ed vi ol at i ons of 18 U. S. C. §§ 2332f ( a) ( 1) and 2339A wi t h
t he i nt ent t o i nf l uence or af f ect t he conduct of gover nment by
i nt i mi dat i on or coer ci on, and/ or t o r et al i at e agai nst gover nment
conduct .
WHEREFORE, pl ai nt i f f Uni t ed St at es of Amer i ca pr ays t hat :
( a) due pr ocess i ssue t o enf or ce t he f or f ei t ur e of t he
def endant Pol i cy Benef i t s;
( b) due not i ce be gi ven t o al l i nt er est ed par t i es to
appear and show cause why f or f ei t ur e shoul d not be decr eed;
( c) t hat t hi s Cour t decr ee f or f ei t ur e of t he def endant
Pol i cy Benef i t s t o t he Uni t ed St at es of Amer i ca f or di sposi t i on
accor di ng t o l aw; and
/ / /
/ / /
/ / /
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( d) f or such ot her and f ur t her r el i ef as thi s Cour t may
deem j ust and pr oper , t oget her wi t h t he cost s and di sbur sement s
of t hi s act i on.
DATED: May 31, 2016 EI LEEN M. DECKERUni t ed St at es At t or neyLAWRENCE S. MI DDLETONAssi st ant Uni t ed St at es At t or neyChi ef , Cr i mi nal Di vi si onSTEVEN R. WELKAssi st ant Uni t ed St at es At t or neyChi ef , Asset For f ei t ur e Sect i on
/ s/ Fr ank D. Kor tumFRANK D. KORTUMAssi st ant Uni t ed St at es At t or ney
At t or neys f or Pl ai nt i f fUNI TED STATES OF AMERI CA
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