NEMBA AIS REGULATIONSBio-Security

Itani Tshivhandekano

Environmental Programmes

• Aliens SPP. moved to new habitats for various reasons e.g. ornamental • Escape their predators and be able to out-compete the indigenous species• Results = invasion where each individual produces massive numbers of

offspring that themselves live to reproduce.

Characteristics of aliens and invasive spp.

Vehicles as vectors for the spread of famine weed in Ethiopia is obvious from the

distribution and road network.

• Easily spread by wind, its seeds are spread in car tyres and grills, by animals, by our clothing, etc.• Establishing rapidly in new habitats, and especially in degraded areas. • Reproduce quickly.• it inhibits the growth of other plants through allelopathy (chemical secretions), • Some can grow high, and produce tens of thousands of seeds per year.• Can survive for long period e.g. famine weed seed are viable for over 50 years.

Characteristics of Aliens and invasive spp. cont • Can course allergic reactions in humans. Poisonous to human and animals• Destroy the reproductive potential of land for grazing• Utilize lot of water

NEM:BA Regulation

• Section 70 of the NEM:BA states that, the Minister must publish by notice in

Gazette a national list of invasive spp.

• The NEM:BA Alien and Invasive Species Regulations and its associated

invasive species lists was published on 1 August 2014 and in forced on 01

October 2014.

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Categories of Listed Invasive SpeciesCategory 1a Listed Invasive Species (Kangaroo thorn, Carolina) Take immediate steps to combat or eradicate listed invasive species. Category 1b Listed Invasive Species (Jacaranda, Morning Glory, most wattles) Control the listed invasive species. Comply with any Invasive Species Management Programme.Category 2 Listed Invasive Species Require a Permit to carry out a restricted activity within specified area. Must ensure that the specimens of the species do not spread outside of the land or the area

specified in the Notice or Permit. Specimens that occur outside the Permitted area or conditions are then Category 1b species. Category 3 Listed Invasive Species Subject to exemptions and prohibitions, as specified in the Notice. Any Category 3 plant specimen in riparian areas is to be a Category 1b species. Comply with any Invasive Species Management Programme.

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Duty of Care with regard to AIS• Person authorised to conduct restricted activities

• Notify relevant competent authority of AIS occurring

• Take steps to control and eradicate

• Take all steps to prevent or minimise harm to biodiversity

• Regulation 29 of AIS provide for a seller of immovable property to notify the purchaser in writing of presence of listed invasive spp.

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Competent authority

Direct a person who failed to comply to take steps necessary to remedy any harm to biodiversity

Failure to comply may result in:

-implementing the directive by competent Authority

-recover all costs incurred during implementation of directive by competent authority

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DIRECTORATE: ORGANOGRAM

Director

Office Administrator

Issuing AuthorityCompetent Authority National Bio-

security

Bio-security Enforcement Enforcement-

Internal Control

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Who should ask for Competent Authority to issue a directive

• Any person may request competent authority to issue a directive

• Competent authority must respond in writing within 30 days

• After 30 days of no response apply to court for order or directing competent authority to issue directive

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Control and eradication

• Appropriate methods

• Executed with caution & manner to minimise harm to biodiversity

• Control methods should be directed to all stages of growth eg. Off springs, propagation material

• The minister must ensure coordination and implementation programme

• The minister may establish an entity consisting of public servant to coordinate such programme

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