sanatorium road, cardiff – cbr testing methodology

Tweedie Evans Consulting Limited trading as TEC Registered Office: One New Street, Wells, BA5 2LA Company Registration No. 5186011

Cardiff House Cardiff Road Barry Vale of Glamorgan CF63 2AW t: 01446 731290 w: www.tecon.co.uk

Our Ref: 2001022.003.02A Your Ref:

01 October 2020 Dan Ellis - Rhomco C/O United Welsh Housing Association & Ty Mills Developments Limited

Dear Dan

SANATORIUM ROAD, CARDIFF – CBR TESTING

Further to instruction, TEC has undertaken additional CBR testing at the above site in support of the proposed design. Works have been undertaken in accordance with our proposal email referenced 2001022 Sanatorium, Road, Cardiff dated 4th August 2020 and the specification provided to us in advance of the works.

Methodology

In situ CBR tests were undertaken at four locations within excavations (TP105/CBR01 to TP108/CBR04) to provide information in support of the proposed road design and adoption. Locations of tests are shown on the enclosed indicative site layout plan (Figure 1). Tests were undertaken below the existing concrete ground slab. The exploratory hole logs are presented in Appendix A.

Furthermore, Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP-TRL) tests were undertaken from current ground level at 4No. locations across the site (DCP01 to DCP04), within the proposed new access road. The locations of the tests are also shown on Figure 1.

Made ground has been recorded across the site to a maximum observed depth of 3.6mbgl.

In Situ CBR Results

The results are summarised in Table 1 and the results are presented in Appendix B. The results indicated a modulus of subgrade reaction (k) of between 48244kN/m2/m and 104543kN/m2/m with a calculated CBR value of between 8.0% and 30.0% for the encountered made ground materials.

Table 1: Summary of In Situ CBR Test Results

Depth CBR Values (%)

CRB01 CBR02 CBR03 CBR04

~300mm bgl - 30.0 - -

~500mm bgl 21.0 - - -

~600mm bgl - - - 14.0

~700mm bgl - - 8.0 -

In Situ DCP-TRL

The in situ DCP-TRL results are summarised in Table 2 and the results are presented in Appendix C.

01 October 2020

Table 2: Summary of DCP Data

Stratum Derived CBR Values (%) Recommended CBR for Preliminary Design (%)

Below formation level >500mmbgl 2.6 - >100 3

Notwithstanding this, due to the depth of made ground encountered across the site, a CBR value of <2.5% would be recommended for preliminary design purposes where road formation is proven to be within potential made ground deposits owing to the inherent variability of this material.

It should be noted that all road formations should be proof rolled and soft spots removed and replaced with selected granular fill and, where adoptable, a pavement of sufficient thickness to prevent the penetration of frost should be employed.

We hope you find the above to your satisfaction, but should you have queries please do not hesitate to contact us.

Closure

We hope you find the above to your satisfaction, but should you have queries please do not hesitate to contact us.

Yours sincerely

Sophie Thomas Richard Evans Senior Consultant Director For and on behalf of TEC encs

Figure 1 – Exploratory Hole Location Plan Appendix A - Exploratory Hole Logs Appendix B - CBR Results – Apex Testing Solutions Report No. D20260 Appendix C - DCP-TRL Test Results

FIGURE

BUILDINGCANOPY

BUILDINGCANOPY

ASSUMEDBUILDING

LINE(DASHED)

ASSUMEDFENCELINE(DASHED)

RAILWAYLINE

SURVEYEDBY

LASER

RAILWAYLINE

SURVEYEDBY

LASER

SANITORIUMROAD

SANITORIUMROAD

Extract from John Wotton Architects 'Topographical Survey of Sanatorium Road, Cardiff'. Job No.: ALS/2385, Dwg No.: SAN/01 (May 2019)

APPENDIX A

Exploratory Hole Logs

Trial Pit LogTrialpit NoTP101

Sheet 1 of 1Project Name: Sanatorium Road

Project No.2001022.003

Co-ords:Level:

-mbgl

Date17/08/2020

Location:

Client:

Cardiff

United Welsh Housing Association

Dimensions:Inclination: °Orientation: °Depth: 2.2m

0.70

m

2.10m Scale1:25

LoggedST

Remarks:

Stability:

Terminated at depth to allow for soakage testing - SA101

Materials recovered as damp - 2.2mbgl

Stable

Wat

erSt

rike Samples and In Situ Testing

Depth Type Results InformationDepth

(m)

0.30

0.50

0.90

1.10

1.50

1.90

2.20

Level(m) Legend Stratum Description

Light grey concrete with rebar.

Reddish brown slightly sandy slightly clayey gravel of limestone and siltstone.

Dark brown to black slightly clayey gravelly sand. Gravel of limestone, concrete, red brick, chert and occasional clinker.

Firm dark brown and dark grey slightly gravelly silty CLAY with rare fine rootlets. Gravel of fine to medium sub-rounded to rounded chert. Firm orangish brown to light brown slightly sandy slightly gravelly silty CLAY. Gravel of fine to medium sub-rounded chert.

Firm yellowish brown slightly gravelly sandy CLAY. Gravel of fine to medium rounded chert and sand is fine to medium.

Firm yellowish brown to brown slightly gravelly very sandy CLAY. Gravel of medium rounded chert and sand is fine to medium.

End of pit at 2.2 m

1

2

3

4

5




Co-ords:Level:

-mbgl

Date17/08/2020

Location:

Client:

Cardiff



0.70

m

2.00m Scale1:25

LoggedST

Remarks:

Stability:

Terminated at depth to allow for soakage testing - SA102

Materials recovered as damp - 2.15mbgl

Stable

Wat

erSt



(m)

0.200.30

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.80

2.15


Light grey concrete.

Brown slightly clayey sandy gravel of concrete, red brick, chert, mudstone and limestone. Dark brown to black slightly clayey gravelly sand. Gravel of limestone, red brick, concrete, chert, wood fragments and occassional glass.

Dark brown to black slightly clayey sandy gravel. Gravle of limestone, red brick, chert and rare cermaics and glass. Firm dark brown mottled dark grey slightly gravelly silty CLAY. Gravel of medium sub-rounded to rounded chert.

Materials recovered as slightly dampFirm orangish brown slightly gravelly slightly sandy silty CLAY. Gravel of medium sub-rounded chert.

Firm yellowish brown to orangish brown slightly gravelly very sandy CLAY. Gravel of fine to medium rounded chert and sand is fine to medium.

End of pit at 2.2 m

1

2

3

4

5

1.50 ES




Co-ords:Level:

-mbgl

Date17/08/2020

Location:

Client:

Cardiff



0.80

m

1.00m Scale1:25

LoggedST

Remarks:

Stability:

Terminated at depth

Stable

Wat

erSt



(m)

0.10

0.30

0.550.65


Black tarmacadam. Reddish brown to light brown slightly sandy slightly clayey gravel. Gravel of granite, limestone and siltstone. Reddish brown to light brown slightly sandy slightly clayey gravel and cobbles. Gravel and cobbles of limestone and siltstone. Brown to black slightly gravelly sandy clay. Gravel of red brick, limestone and concrete.

End of pit at 0.7 m

1

2

3

4

5

0.65 ES




Co-ords:Level:

-mbgl

Date18/08/2020

Location:

Client:

Cardiff



0.80

m

1.10m Scale1:25

LoggedST

Remarks:

Stability:

Terminated at depth

Stable

Wat

erSt



(m)

0.30

0.50

1.00



Reddish brown sligthly sandy slightly clayey gravel of limestone and siltstone.

Dark brown to black slightly clayey gravelly sand / sandy clay. Gravel of concrete, red brick, clinker, ash, ceramics and rare glass.

End of pit at 1.0 m 1

2

3

4

5

1.00 ES




Co-ords:Level:

-mbgl

Date18/08/2020

Location:

Client:

Cardiff



0.80

m

1.00m Scale1:25

LoggedST

Remarks:

Stability:

CBR testing at 0.5mbgl - CBR01

Stable

Wat

erSt



(m)

0.100.150.25

1.10

1.30

1.50


Light grey concrete. Light grey slightly clayey sand. Gravel of concrete. Black slightly ashy gravelly sand. Gravel of limestone, concrete, clinker and red brick. Black slightly ashy gravelly to very gravelly sand. Gravel of clinker, limestone, mudstone, chert and rare red brick.

Reworked firm dark grey to light brown slightly gravelly silty CLAY. Gravel of medium sub-angular to rounded chert. Firm to stiff orangish brown to light grey slightly gravelly sandy CLAY. Gravel of fine to medium sub-angular to rounded chert and sand is fine to medium.

End of pit at 1.5 m

1

2

3

4

5

0.60 ES

1.50 ES




Co-ords:Level:

-mbgl

Date18/08/2020

Location:

Client:

Cardiff



0.80

m

1.10m Scale1:25

LoggedST

Remarks:

Stability:

Terminated to allow for CBR testing - CBR02

Stable

Wat

erSt



(m)

0.100.200.30


Black tarmacadam. Black to grey slightly sandy gravel of tarmacadam, concrete and limestone.Brown to dark brown slightly sandy gravelly clay with occaisonal cobbles. Gravel and cobbles of concrete and red brick.

End of pit at 0.3 m

1

2

3

4

5

0.30 ES




Co-ords:Level:

-mbgl

Date18/08/2020

Location:

Client:

Cardiff



0.70

m

0.90m Scale1:25

LoggedST

Remarks:

Stability:


Stable

Wat

erSt



(m)

0.30

0.600.70



Reddish brown to red slightly clayey sandy gravel of limestone, granite and silstone.

Black slightly clayey gravelly sand with gravel of clinker, concrete, limestone, red brick, yellow brick and glass.

End of pit at 0.7 m

1

2

3

4

5

0.80 ES




Co-ords:Level:

-mbgl

Date18/08/2020

Location:

Client:

Cardiff



0.70

m

0.90m Scale1:25

LoggedST

Remarks:

Stability:


Stable

Wat

erSt



(m)

0.20


Light grey concrete.

End of pit at 0.6 m

1

2

3

4

5

APPENDIX B

CBR Results

:

:

:

:

:

TESTING REQUIRED : 4

:In House Method / Clients Specification

:

: See Pages 3 – 6

Page 1 of 6

Milk & More

18 August 2020

BS 1377 : Part 9 : 1990

DATE TESTED

Clause 4.1.6.4.2

REPORT No.

See Individual Tests Results

Tweedie Evans Consultation

MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

No. Plate Load Bearing Tests

CLIENT

SITE

TEST METHOD

TEST RESULTS

IAN 73/06 (supersedes HD 25/94)

D20260

RELEVANT SPECIFICATION

Apex Testing SolutionsSturmi WayVillage Farm Industrial EstatePyleBridgendCF33 6BZTelephone :01656 746762Facsimile :01656 749096Email [email protected]

19/08/2020 10:11 CBRs 18.08.2020

: D20260

:

:

: 4 No. Locations as instructed by Client

:

:

:

TEST RESULTS

Test No.

1 2 3 4

CBR% 21 30 8.0 14.0

COMMENTSWeather - Overcast

2 of 6

Milk & More

Reaction Load

CHECKED BY: L.Davis

TEST LOCATION

DEPTH ( m )

CLIENT

Plate Diameter 300mm

JCB

SITE

Tweedie Evans Consultation

REPORT No.

See Individual Test Results

DATE : 19.08.2020

Apex Testing SolutionsSturmi WayVillage Farm Industrial EstatePyleBridgendCF33 6BZTelephone :01656 746762Facsimile :01656 749096Email : [email protected]

19/08/2020 10:11 CBRs 18.08.2020

: D20260: Tweedie Evans Consultation

:

TEST No. :DATE TESTED :SAMPLE TYPE :DEPTH ( m ) :SAMPLE DESCRIPTION :LOCATION :Plate Size : 300 mm

LOAD TO ACHIEVE 1.25mm SETTLEMENT > : 241.19 kN/m2

MODULUS OF SUBGRADE REACTION ( k762 ) > : 85227 kN/m2/m

Equivalent CBR VALUE > : 21 %

Page 3 of 6

Recompacted

REPORT NoCLIENT

SITE

Dark grey silty GRAVEL

Milk & More

CBR 01

TEST RESULTS118 August 2020

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.6000.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0

Sett

lem

ent

(mm

)

Bearing Pressure ( kPa )

LOAD v SETTLEMENT

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.6000 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Sett

lem

ent

( m

m )

Elapsed Time ( min )

TIME v SETTLEMENT


:





Page 4 of 6

218 August 2020Recompacted

Dark grey/reddish brown gravelly CLAYCBR 02

REPORT NoCLIENT

SITE Milk & More

TEST RESULTS

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.4000.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0

Sett

lem

ent

(mm

)


LOAD v SETTLEMENT

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.4000 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Sett

lem

ent

( m

m )


TIME v SETTLEMENT


:




Equivalent CBR VALUE > : 8.0 %

Page 5 of 6

REPORT NoCLIENT

SITE Milk & More

TEST RESULTS318 August 2020Recompacted

Dark grey silty sandy GRAVELCBR 03

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.4000.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0

Sett

lem

ent

(mm

)


LOAD v SETTLEMENT

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.4000 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Sett

lem

ent

( m

m )


TIME v SETTLEMENT


:





Page 6 of 6

18 August 2020Recompacted

Black sandy GRAVELCBR 04

REPORT NoCLIENT

SITE Milk & More

TEST RESULTS4

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.6000.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0

Sett

lem

ent

(mm

)


LOAD v SETTLEMENT

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.6000 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Sett

lem

ent

( m

m )


TIME v SETTLEMENT

APPENDIX C

DCP-TRL Test Results

TRL Dynamic Cone Penetration Test ResultsDCP01

Cumulative Penetration Penetration Index Estimated CBR(1) Adjusted CBR(2)

Blow Count (mm) (DPI) mm/blow (%) (%) DCP010 711 114 43.0 5.7 4.2 Project: Sanatorium Road, Cardiff2 146 32.0 7.7 5.8 Project No. 2001022.0033 181 35.0 7.0 5.4 Client: United Welsh Housing Association 4 232 51.0 4.7 3.7 Test No. DCP015 274 42.0 5.8 4.6 Test Date: 08/09/20206 310 36.0 6.8 5.5 Surface Moisture: Moderate7 344 34.0 7.3 5.9 Soil Type Made Ground 8 393 49.0 4.9 4.1 ]9 412 19.0 13.4 11.1

10 458 46.0 5.3 4.4 Notes/Comments12 495 18.5 13.8 11.814 529 17.0 15.1 13.116 557 14.0 18.6 16.218 592 17.5 14.7 12.920 625 16.5 15.6 13.922 694 34.5 7.2 6.523 779 85.0 2.8 2.626 821 14.0 18.6 17.629 840 6.3 42.9 40.932 874 11.3 23.2 22.435 903 9.7 27.5 26.737 917 7.0 38.6 37.7

Notes:1.

Log10(CBR) = 2.48 – 1.057 Log10(DPI)

2.

CBR Value calculated using Jones C R and J Rolt (1991), "Operating instructions for the TRL dynamic cone penetrometer " (2nd edition). Information Note. Crowthorne: Transport Research Laboratory, as follows:

Adjusted CBR vaules obtined from Table 4.2 of Simon Done and Piouslin Samuel (2006), “Measuring Road Pavement Strength and Designing Low Volume Sealed Roads using the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer ” Unpublished TRL Project Report UPR/IE/76/06 Project Record No R7783.

The CBR Adjustment Factors are applied to unpaved roads on the assumption that the effect of moisture will be a maximum at the top surface and will reduce linearly to zero at a depth of 1000 mm.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Dep

th (m

m)

California Bearing Ratio (%)

Adjusted CBR Estimated CBR

TWEEDIE EVANS CONSULTING LIMITED



Blow Count (mm) (DPI) mm/blow (%) (%) DCP020 441 63 19.0 13.4 9.8 Project: Sanatorium Road, Cardiff2 84 21.0 12.1 8.9 Project No. 2001022.0033 140 56.0 4.3 3.2 Client: United Welsh Housing Association 4 284 144.0 1.6 1.3 Test No. DCP025 316 32.0 7.7 6.2 Test Date: 08/09/20206 348 32.0 7.7 6.3 Surface Moisture: Moderate7 368 20.0 12.7 10.4 Soil Type Made Ground 8 390 22.0 11.5 9.5

10 422 16.0 16.1 13.411 440 18.0 14.2 11.9 Notes/Comments14 466 8.7 30.8 26.0 Terminated at 490mm due to underlying sub-base material24 483 1.7 172.4 146.534 490 0.7 440.3 375.2

Notes:1.

Log10(CBR) = 2.48 – 1.057 Log10(DPI)

2.




0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Dep

th (m

m)







10 489 12.5 20.9 17.814 510 5.3 52.3 44.9 Notes/Comments17 542 10.7 24.7 21.519 581 19.5 13.1 11.520 603 22.0 11.5 10.222 625 11.0 23.9 21.324 660 17.5 14.7 13.226 703 21.5 11.8 10.827 728 25.0 10.1 9.330 753 8.3 32.1 29.834 774 5.3 52.3 48.937 803 9.7 27.5 25.940 824 7.0 38.6 36.644 850 6.5 41.8 39.947 876 8.7 30.8 29.749 900 12.0 21.8 21.251 914 7.0 38.6 37.655 932 4.5 61.6 60.4

Notes:1.

Log10(CBR) = 2.48 – 1.057 Log10(DPI)

2.




0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

Dep

th (m

m)







10 419 12.5 20.9 17.412 437 9.0 29.6 24.8 Notes/Comments14 471 17.0 15.1 12.816 496 12.5 20.9 17.918 517 10.5 25.2 21.620 543 13.0 20.1 17.422 571 14.0 18.6 16.224 594 11.5 22.8 20.226 617 11.5 22.8 20.328 643 13.0 20.1 18.030 670 13.5 19.3 17.433 697 9.0 29.6 27.036 721 8.0 33.5 30.839 748 9.0 29.6 27.443 768 5.0 55.1 51.447 790 5.5 49.8 46.850 815 8.3 32.1 30.452 841 13.0 20.1 19.154 884 21.5 11.8 11.457 917 11.0 23.9 23.4

Notes:1.

Log10(CBR) = 2.48 – 1.057 Log10(DPI)

2.




0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

Dep

th (m

m)




sanatorium road, cardiff – cbr testing methodology

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