SATELLITE LAUNCHING

Presenting by : SAJITH.G No:39

MechanicalReg no.12020909

• Satellite is any object that orbits another object:

• It has wide range of mission

Weather observation Military support Navigation Earth imaging

SATELLITE

TYPES OF SATELLITE• Astronomical satellite: used for observing distant

planet and galaxies • Communication satellite: used for

telecommunication using radio at microwave frequencies

• Earth observation satellite: specially designed for observing earth

• Weather satellite : monitor the weather and climate of earth

TYPE OF ORBITS

• Geo stationary orbits: it always positioned over same spot on earth(22,223 miles)

• Asynchonoly orbit : they pass at overhead at different time of day (644 km)

• Polar orbit : generally files at low attitude and pass over planet’s pole on each revolution

THE ROCKET

• Rocket is a launching vehicle used to launch satellite in to required orbit.

STRAP ON ROCKET

• 40 tones of hydraulic propellants

• It burns before starting the main engine.

TYPES OF ROCKET

• Expandable rocket : they destroyed while completing their mission.

• Space shuttle: which is reusable

EXPANDABLE ROCKET

SPACE SHUTTLE

ROCKET ENGINE

• It is a self propellant engine.• It carry fuel as well as oxidizer.• Efficiency is measured as

specific impulse. sp: impulse = thrust produced /mass of propellant burnt in a second.

SOLID ENGINE

LIQUID ENGINE

MECHANISM OF ROCKET ENGINE

Basic working principle is newton's 3rd low of motion

Chemical reactionFeed pumpFuel tankOxidizer Combustion chamber Nozzle

TYPES OF PROPELLANTS

• Propellant is the chemical mixture burned to produce thrust in rockets and consists of a fuel and an oxidizer

• Solid propellant: gun powderZinc sulphurHigh energy composite propellants

• Liquid propellant: LH2 LOH LNH3

LAUNCHING STAGES

• Stage 1

• Stage 2

• Stage 3

STAGE 1

• Its travel 80 km• The maximum thrust is 4700 kN• Usually solid propellants are used• Max thrust are produced this stage• It split the 1st part of the rocket• 125 tone of propellants are used, 3.2m dia &

25m length in the stage

STAGE 2

• It travel 168 km

• Maximum thrust produced is 720 kN

• Usually liquid propellants are used N2O2

• 110 ton of fuels are used

STAGE 3

In this stage satellites are get in to transfer orbit73.5kN thrust are producedCryogenic engines are usedFuels are LOH & LH2

25 tones fuels are used and 8.2m in lengthWhen the rocket reaches T orbit, it must have

been attain the orbital velocity of earth other vise it will return back to earth

APOGEE KICK MOTOR

Satellite are safely suited in this motorIts also called the pay load firingDuring the end of third stage the motor will

start firing and goes to required pallet

PROPULSION SUB SYSTEM

• The challenges are faced by rocket launching

• Thrust to weight ratio: it must be greater than 1 to take of the ground.

• Nozzle design: nozzle face varying expansion condition from ground to space

THRUST TO WEIGHT RATIO

• To get a rocket off the ground, the total thrust must be greater than the vehicles weight.

• The launch vehicle’s prolusion system must produce a thrust to weight ratio greater than 1.0

COMMUNICATION & DATA HANDLING

Through out launch the vehicle must stay in contact with a launch control center.The flight controller continuously monitor telemetry from the launch vehicle sub system to ensure they’re working properly The computer process sensor information and compute commands for actuators, as well as monitor other on board processes

Electric power

Launch vehicle need only enough power to run the communication & data handling subsystem as well as sensor & actuators.In space uses fuel cell powered by hydrogen and oxygen.In expandable launch vehicle simple batteries are used for primary power.In satellite also have a battery for their working and its recharged by a solar power through solar panel.

ConclusionWith the help of satellite any information

sending instantly at any place. Various tasks such as mapping, locating, environmental situation, locating mineral deposits, finding crop problems etc. are performed by a satellite easily

they are used in field of communication in the are of TV, the internet, the phones, observations, are of geology and navigation, in the area of transportation etc..

REFERENCE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine

http://science.howstuffworks.com/rocket.htm

http://youtube.com/launchingstages/rocket

http://videomide.com

THANK YOU