saudi tallest buildings

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List of Tallest Buildings in Saudi rabiaThis list of tallest buildings in Saudi Arabiaranksskyscrapersin Saudi Arabia by height. The tallest building in Saudi Arabia

is currently the 120storyMakkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel,which rises 601 metres (1,972 ft) and was topped out in 2012, it is

also theworlds 2nd tallest building.In August 2011, theKingdom Towerwas approved for construction, when completed in 2018

it will rise to 1,000 metres (3,281 ft), therefore becoming both the world's tallestbuildingandstructure.

Tallest buildings

This section contains a list of complete buildings taller than 200m.

Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel, the tallest building in Saudi Arabia and second in the world.

Rank Name City Height Floors Built Use

1 Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel Mecca 601 m (1,972 ft) 120 2012 Mixed Use

2 Kingdom Centre Riyadh 302 m (991 ft) 99 2002 Mixed Use

3 Al Faisaliyah Center

Riyadh

267 m (876 ft) 30 2000 Office

4 Abraj Al Bait ZamZam Tower Mecca 265 m (869 ft) 54 2012 Residential

5 Abraj Al Bait Hajar Tower Mecca 265 m (869 ft) 52 2012 Residential

6 Tamkeen Tower Riyadh 265 m (869 ft) 58 2012 Mixed Use
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Rank Name City Height Floors Built Use

7 Abraj Al Bait Safa Tower Mecca 225 m (738 ft) 42 2007 Residential

8 Abraj Al Bait Marwah Tower Mecca 225 m (738 ft) 42 2008 Residential

9 Dhahran Tower Al Khobar 200 m (656 ft) 46 2012 Mixed Use

10 Al Nakheel Tower Riyadh 200 m (656 ft) 26 2011 Office

Tallest buildings under construction

King Abdullah Financial District

Olaya Towers in Riyadh

Rank Name City Height Floors Completion

1 Kingdom Tower Jeddah 1,007 m (3,304 ft) 186 2019
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2 Diamond Tower Jeddah 432 m (1,417 ft) 93

3 Capital Market Authority Headquarters Riyadh 385 m (1,263 ft) 77 2014

4 Lamar Tower 1 Jeddah 372 m (1,220 ft) 87 2014

5 Burj Rafal Riyadh 308 m (1,010 ft) 68 2014

6 KAFD World Trade Centre Riyadh 303 m (994 ft) 67 2014

7 Lamar Tower 2

Jeddah

293 m (961 ft) 84 2014

8 Kempinski Hotel Jeddah 303 m (994 ft) 69 2014

9 The Headquarters Jeddah 257 m (843 ft) 52 2013

10 Aqua Tower Jeddah 251 m (823 ft) 59 2015

11 GCC Bank Headquarters Riyadh 240 m (787 ft) 53 2013

12 Abraj Al Bait Maqam Tower Mecca 232 m (761 ft) 57 2012

13 Abraj Al Bait Qibla Tower Mecca 232 m (761 ft) 57 2012

14 Al Majdoul Tower Riyadh 232 m (761 ft) 54 2015

15 West Tower at the HQ Business Park Riyadh 225 m (738 ft) 54 2013

Tallest buildings approved[edit source|editbeta]

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1 Tadawul Tower Riyadh 480 m (1,575 ft)

2 Dubai Towers Jeddah Jeddah 448 m (1,470 ft) / 308 m (1,010 ft) 87/60 On Hold

3 Nawras Residential Towers Jeddah 358 m (1,175 ft) 86 On Hold

4 Rawabi Abraj Al Bait Mecca 300 m (984 ft) 66

5 Mirage Tower Jeddah ~300 m (984 ft) 60

6 Hairiri Towers Riyadh

270 m (886 ft) 36 2013

7 Kempinski Hotel Jeddah 260 m (853 ft) 69

8 Burj Damac Riyadh ~200 m (656 ft) 45

9 Villas in the Sky Riyadh ~180 m (591 ft) 40 2013

10 Modern Investment Company Tower Jeddah 171 m (561 ft) 27

11 Saudi Arabia Bank Headquarters Riyadh ~150 m (492 ft) 38 2013

List of tallest proposed buildings[edit source|editbeta]


1 Free Trade City Jeddah 600 m (1,969 ft) 150

2 Al Rajhi Tower Riyadh 400 m (1,312 ft) 50

3 KAFD Tower 6 Riyadh 350 m (1,148 ft)
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4 Al Rajhi Tower 2 Riyadh 250 m (820 ft) 33

5 Al Faisaliah Towers 2 Riyadh

250 m (820 ft)

6 Sumou Towers Khobar ~200 m (656 ft) 40

7 Al-Birr Foundation Headquarters Riyadh 124 m (407 ft) 28

Abraj Al Bait

Abraj Al-Bait Towers

Abraj Al-Bait Towers as seen from Masjid al-Haram in June 2012

General information

Status Complete
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khobarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khobarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Abraj-al-Bait-Towers.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khobarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadh


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Type Mixed use:

hotel, residential

Location Mecca,Saudi Arabia

Coordinates

212508N394935ECoordinates:

212508N394935E

Construction

started

2004

Opening 2012

Height

Architectural 601 m (1,972 ft)[1]

Top floor 558.7 m (1,833 ft)[1]

Observatory 558.7 m (1,833 ft)[1]

Technical details

Floor count 120[1]

Floor area Tower: 310,638 m2(3,343,680 sq ft)

Development: 1,575,815 m2(16,961,930 sq ft)[1]

Design and construction

Architect Dar Al-HandasahArchitects

Structural

engineer

Dar Al-Handasah

Main

contractor

Saudi Binladin Group

The Abraj Al-Bait Towers, also known as the Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower, is a building complex inMecca,Saudi Arabia.

These towers are a part of theKing Abdulaziz Endowment Projectthat strives to modernize the city in catering to the pilgrims.The complex holds several world records, the tallestclock towerin the world and theworld's largest clock face.The

complex'shoteltower became thesecond tallest buildingin the world in 2012, surpassingTaiwan'sTaipei 101and surpassed

only byDubai'sBurj Khalifa.The building complex is metres away from the world's largestmosqueandIslam's most sacred site,

theMasjid al-Haram.The developer and contractor of the complex is theSaudi Binladin Group,the Kingdom's largest

construction company.[1]Since, Mecca and Medina don't allow any non-Muslims, the complex bans any non-Muslims from

entering.
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The complex was built after the demolition[2]of theAjyad Fortress,the 18th centuryOttomancitadel which stood atop a hill

overlooking the Grand Mosque. The destruction of the fort in 2002 by theSaudigovernment sparked Turkish and international

outcry.[3]

Aerial photograph showing the towers under construction and their surroundings, includingMasjid al Haramon the left.

The tallest tower in the complex stands as the tallest building in Saudi Arabia, with a height of 601 metres (1,972 feet). Currently

it is the second tallest building in the world, surpassingTaipei 101inTaipei,Taiwan.The structure had surpassedDubai

International Airportin having the largest floor area of any structure in the world with 1,500,000 m2(16,150,000 sq ft) of

floorspace, but is now second, after the 1,700,000 m2(18,300,000 sq ft)New Century Global CentreinChengdu,China.

The site of the complex is located across the street to the south from an entrance to theMasjid al Harammosque, which houses

theKaaba.To accommodate worshipers visiting the Kaaba, the Abraj Al-Bait Towers has a large prayer room capable of holdingmore than 10,000 people. The tallest tower in the complex also contains afive-star hotel,operated byFairmont Hotels and

Resorts,to help provide lodging for the millions of pilgrims that travel to Mecca annually to participate in theHajj.

In addition, the Abraj Al-Bait Towers has a 20-storyshopping mall(theAbraj Al Bait Mall)and aparking garagecapable of

holding over a thousand vehicles. Residential towers house permanent residents while twoheliportsand a conference center

are to accommodate business travelers. In total, up to 100,000 people could be housed inside the towers. [citation needed]The project

usesclock facesfor each side of the hotel tower. The highest residential floor stands at 450 metres (1,480 feet), just below the

spires. The clock faces are 43 m 43 m (141 ft 141 ft), thelargest in the world.The roof of the clocks is 530 metres (1,740

feet) above the ground, making them the world's most elevated architectural clocks. A 71-metre-tall spire (233 ft) has been

added on top of the clock giving it a total height of 601 metres (1,972 feet), which makes it thesecond tallest building in the

world,surpassingTaipei 101inTaiwan.The tower also includes an Islamic Museum and a Lunar Observation Center which will

also be used to sight the moon during the Holy Months.[4]

The building was planned to be 734 metres tall in 2006. In 2009, it was published that the final height will be 601 metres. The

complex was built by theSaudi Binladin Group,Saudi Arabia's largest construction company. The clock tower (from a hight of

450m up until the tip) was designed by the German architectMahmoud Bodo Raschand his firmSL Rasch GmbH.[5]The

facade was constructed by Premiere Composite Technologies, the clock by German tower clock manufacturer PERROT GmbH
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& Co. KG Turmuhren und Luteanlagen.[6]According to theSaudi Ministry of Religious Endowments,the project cost US$15

billion.[7]

List of component towers[edit source|editbeta]

Tower Height Floors Completion

Hotel Tower 601 metres (1,972 feet)[1] 120 2012[1]

Hajar 260 metres (850 feet) 48 2011

ZamZam 260 metres (850 feet) 48 2011

Maqam 250 metres (820 feet) 45 2012

Qibla 250 metres (820 feet) 45 2011

Marwah 240 metres (790 feet) 42 2008

Safa 240 metres (790 feet) 42 2007

Features[edit source|editbeta]

Comparison of some notable four-face clocks at the same scale.

Top-left: Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower

Bottom-left: Allen-Bradley Clock Tower(previous record holder)

Middle: Abraj Al Bait

Top-right: Big Benclock tower

Bottom-right: Kremlin Clock
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During construction in March 2011

The building is topped by a four-faced clock, visible from 25 kilometres (16 miles) away. The clock is the largest in the world and

is 400 meters above the ground. The clock dwarfs London'sBig Ben,once the largest four-faced clock in the world, and the

previous holder of that title, theAllen-Bradley Clock TowerinMilwaukee, Wisconsin.The clock's face is also bigger than the

previous record holder as the largest clock face in the world, theCevahir Mallclock inIstanbul.

Each of the clock's four faces measure 46 m (151 ft) in diameter and are illuminated by 2 millionLEDlights, with four oriented

edges, just above the clock alongside huge Arabic script reading:God is the Greateston the north and south faces and on the

west and east theKoran.Four golden domes on pillars on all the corners are also present. Another 21,000 white and green

colored lights, the same as the Saudi Flag, fitted at the top of the clock, will flash to signal Islam's five-times daily prayers, and

will be visible as far as 30 km (19 mi) away. On special occasions such asnew year,16 bands of vertical lights will shoot some

10 kilometres (6.2 miles) up into the sky. The clock's four faces will be covered with 98 million pieces ofglass mosaics.

TheSaudi coat of armsis displayed at the center of each clock behind the dials. The minute hand is 22 m (72 ft) long, while the

hour hand is 17 m (56 ft) long.

An observatory deck is at the base of the clock. Elevators take visitors up to an observation balcony just beneath the clock

faces.

There were rumours[8][9]that the clock would be set to localMecca Time,in an attempt to replaceGreenwichas the prime

meridian for global time keeping, but the clock is set toArabia Standard Time(UTC+03:00).

The spire[edit source|editbeta]

The clock tower is topped by a 93 m (305 ft) spire with 23 m (75 ft) high golden crescent at the top. The spire has the black

observation pod at the bottom which contains a lunar gallery, a control tower and the main observation deck.

The crescent was constructed inDubaiby Premier Composite Technology in April 2011. The crescent is made of fiberglass-

backedmosaic gold,and it weighs up to 35 tonnes. Peugeot Joseph, the company official, said a team of five engineers and a

hundred workers carried out the project, which cost 90 millionUnited Arab Emirates dirham,and it took three months to build it.

The company has also constructed the Mecca Clock. The Crescent was divided into 10 parts to move it to Mecca.[10]The

crescent was partly assembled on the base of the clock-face to reduce it to 5 parts. Those five parts were then lifted and

installed above the spire from 20 June to 6 July 2011.

The minaret and its base have massive loudspeakers that will emit prayer calls to a distance of seven km while nearly 21,000

lamps will illuminate the surrounding area to a distance of 30 km. During occasions like Muslim Eids and new Hijri years, a 16-

beam light will illuminate an area of a diameter of around 10 km while 21,000 lamps will beam white and green lights to a
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Benhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Benhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Benhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen-Bradley_Clock_Towerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen-Bradley_Clock_Towerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen-Bradley_Clock_Towerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milwaukee,_Wisconsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milwaukee,_Wisconsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milwaukee,_Wisconsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cevahir_Mallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cevahir_Mallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cevahir_Mallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbulhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbulhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbulhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takbirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takbirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takbirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_yearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_yearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_yearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich_Meridianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich_Meridianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich_Meridianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Standard_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Standard_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Standard_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B03:00http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B03:00http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B03:00http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirhamshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirhamshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirhamshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AbrajAlBaitin2011Makkah.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AbrajAlBaitin2011Makkah.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AbrajAlBaitin2011Makkah.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AbrajAlBaitin2011Makkah.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirhamshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&veaction=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraj_Al_Bait&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B03:00http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Standard_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich_Meridianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_yearhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takbirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbulhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cevahir_Mallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milwaukee,_Wisconsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen-Bradley_Clock_Towerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Ben


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distance of 30 km. The light beams are intended to allow deaf persons or Muslims in far areas to know prayer timings in the

western parts of Mecca and nearby cities.[11]Yet, despite the claimed need for illumination and awareness of prayer timings in

discrete areas and portions around and in Mecca, there are well over 200 existing old mosques in the city; most are frequently

attended and therefore well equipped withMuadhinsto call the prayer.[12][13]

Construction fire incidents[edit source|editbeta]

The Abraj-Al-Bait complex has seen two fire incidents during construction. The first fire struck the Hajar Tower on 28 October2008. It took 400 firefighters to put out the fire, which burned for 10 hours, consuming nine floors of the tower.[14]According to

eyewitness reports, the blaze erupted shortly after midnight, and spread rapidly because of wood used for construction stored in

the premises. Soon, the entire building was engulfed in smoke. Hospitals were put on high alert, but no injuries were reported. A

civil defence spokesman said the fire started on the 32nd floor of Hajar Tower.[15]

The second fire struck Safa tower on 1 May 2009. No deaths or injuries were reported in the blaze that was quickly contained by

Civil Defense. Eyewitnesses said the fire broke out soon after Asr prayer while some workers in the building were welding iron

rods on wooden scaffoldings. The fire damaged a large part of the under-construction tower. According to Major General Adel

Zamzami, director general of Civil Defense in the Mecca province, the fire broke out at the 14th floor and reached up to the

20th.[14]

Kingdom CentreNot to be confused withKingdom TowerorKingdom Shopping Centre.

Kingdom Centre
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General information

Status Complete

Type Commercial offices

Residential condominiums

Hotel

Architectural

style

Modernism

Location King Fahad Road

Riyadh,Saudi Arabia

Coordinates 24.711389N

46.674444ECoordinates: 24.711389N

46.674444E

Construction

started

1999

Completed 2002

Cost SAR 1.7 billion

Height

Architectural 302.3 m (991.80 ft)

Top floor 290.4 m (952.76 ft)

Observatory 290.4 m (952.76 ft)

Technical details

Floor count 99

2 below ground

Floor area 185,000 m2(1,991,323 sq ft)

Lifts/elevators 45


Architect Ellerbe Becket

Omrania and Associates
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Developer Kingdom Holding Company

Structural

engineer

Arup

Main contractor EL-Seif Engineering Contracting

References

[1][2][3][4]

Kingdom Centre(Arabic: ), is a 99-storey,302.3 m (992 ft)skyscraperinRiyadh,Saudi Arabia.It is the second tallestskyscraper in the country,[1]and the world's third tallest building with a hole after theShanghai World Financial

CenterandTuntex Sky Tower.

Besides theshopping mall,Kingdom Tower contains theFour Seasons Hotel Riyadhand state-of-the-art apartments. The 56 m

(184 ft)skybridgeatop the skyscraper.[2]

The building is situated on 100,000 square metres site with carparking for 3,000 vehicles.

[5]

The upper third of the tower features an invertedparabolic arch.[5]The building utilisesbutt jointedglazing which, combined with

the lack of both distinguished floor lines and other tall buildings around it, gives an impression of immense scale and an iconic

quality.[5]The lower two thirds were constructed with a reinforced concrete frame while the top third has a tubular steel frame.[5]

Al Faisaliyah Center(Redirected fromFaisaliah Centre)

Al Faisaliyah Complex
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyscraperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyscraperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyscraperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_World_Financial_Centerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_World_Financial_Centerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_World_Financial_Centerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_World_Financial_Centerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuntex_Sky_Towerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuntex_Sky_Towerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuntex_Sky_Towerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotel_Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotel_Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotel_Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skybridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skybridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skybridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-emporis-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-emporis-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-emporis-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_archhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_archhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butt_jointhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butt_jointhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butt_jointhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faisaliah_Centre&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faisaliah_Centre&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faisaliah_Centre&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alfaisaliyah_centre_tower_riyadh.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alfaisaliyah_centre_tower_riyadh.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alfaisaliyah_centre_tower_riyadh.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alfaisaliyah_centre_tower_riyadh.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faisaliah_Centre&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butt_jointhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_archhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-tabu-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-emporis-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skybridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotel_Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuntex_Sky_Towerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_World_Financial_Centerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_World_Financial_Centerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyscraperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre#cite_note-skyscraperCenter-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arup


13/26

Faisaliyah Center

General information

Type Multi purpose, Residential, Office, Retail.

Location Riyadh,Saudi Arabia

Coordinates 244125N464107ECoordinates:

244125N464107E

Construction

started

1998

Completed 2000

Height

Roof 267 m (876 ft)[1]

Top floor 195.0 m (640 ft)

Technical details

Floor count 44 (30 above ground)

Lifts/elevators 44


Architect Foster & Partners

References

[2]

The Al Faisaliyah Center(or Al Faisaliah Center,Arabic: ) is a commercial skyscraper located in the business districtofRiyadh,Saudi Arabia.It is the third tallest building inSaudi Arabiaafter theKingdom CentreandAbraj Al Bait. Immediately

below it an outside viewing deck; at ground level, there is a shopping center with major world brands. The Al Faisaliyah Center is

about 267 meters high and consists of 44 floors.

The four corner beams of the Al Faisaliyah Complex join at the top above a golden ball. The design is said [who?]to be based on

that of a ballpoint pen. Inside the golden ball is a luxurious revolving restaurant. There is a clear view of Saudi Arabia's other

skyscraper, the Kingdom Centre, from the Al Faisaliyah Center and the two buildings create a silhouetted skyline in the evening.

The tower was designed by UK based architectsFoster and Partnersand engineersBuro Happold.It is part of an Al Faisaliyah
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Complex, which consists of a hotel, the tower, and two other buildings. The tower features several restaurants like 11a and the

Globe and also has a cigar lounge at the top floor.

NOTE: SOON TO BE THE TALLESTKingdom Tower

Kingdom Tower

Computer rendering released on 2 August 2011

Former names Mile-High Tower

General information

Status Under construction

Type Mixed-use; office, hotel, residential,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kingdom_Tower,_Jeddah,_render.jpg


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apartments, observation, retail

Architectural

style

Supertall skyscraper

Location Jeddah,Saudi Arabia

Coordinates 21.733N 39.090ECoordinates:

21.733N 39.090E

Construction

started

April 1 2013

Estimated

completion

2019[1]

Cost SR4.6 billion (US$1.23 billion)[2]

(preliminary)

Owner Kingdom Holding Company,Abraar Holding

Company,Abdulrahman Hassan

Sharbatly,Saudi Binladin Group

Management CBRE Group

Height

Architectural 1,000 m (3,281 ft)[3][A]

Observatory 610 m (2,001 ft)[3]

Technical details

Structural

system

Reinforced concrete and steel, all glass faade

Floor count >156 total[3][E]

Floor area 319,000 m2(3,433,687 sq ft)[3]-530,000

m2(5,704,873 sq ft)[B]

Lifts/elevators 69[3]


Architect Adrian D. Smith,Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill

Architecture,Chicago, USA

Developer Jeddah Economic Company (JEC)[4]

Engineer Langan International (sub-grade and
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transportation planning)[5]

Structural

engineer

Thornton Tomasetti

Main contractor Saudi Binladin Group

References

[3][6]

Not to be confused withKingdom CentreorMile High Illinois

Kingdom Tower(Arabic: Burj al Mamlakah), previously known as Mile-High Tower(Arabic: ), isaskyscrapercurrently under construction inJeddah,Saudi Arabiaat a preliminary cost ofSR4.6 billion (US$1.23

billion).[7]It will be the centerpiece and first phase of aSR75 billion (US$20 billion)[8]proposed development known

asKingdom Citythat will be located along theRed Seaon the north side of Jeddah. If completed as planned, the tower will

reach unprecedented heights, becoming thetallest building in the world,as well as the first structure to reach the one-

kilometer mark. The tower was initially planned to be 1.6-kilometre (1 mi) high; however, the geology of the area proved

unsuitable for a tower of that height.The design,created by architectAdrian Smith,incorporates many unique structural and

aesthetic features. The creator and leader of the project is Saudi Arabian PrinceAl-Waleed bin Talal,the wealthiest Arab in

theMiddle East,[9]and nephew ofKing Abdullah.Al-Waleed is the chairman ofKingdom Holding Company(KHC), the

largest company in Saudi Arabia,[10]which is a partner in Jeddah Economic Company (JEC), which was formed in 2009 for

the development of Kingdom Tower and City.[10]Reception of the proposalhas been highly polarized, receiving high praise

from some as a culturally significant icon that will symbolize the nation's wealth and power, while others question its

socioeconomic motives, and forecast that it will have negative financial consequences.

The building has been scaled down from its initial 1.6 km (about one mile) proposal, which was never fully designed, to a

height of at least 1,000 metres (3,280.84 ft) (the exact height is being kept private while in development, similar to the Burj

Khalifa),[A][11]which, at about one kilometre,[12]would still make it by far thetallest building or structure in the worldto

date,[13]standing at least 173 m (568 ft) taller than theBurj KhalifainDubai.[14]

The tower and its 50 hectares (120 acres) plot, which will include other buildings, will be the first phase of the Kingdom City

development, a three-phase project proposed for a large area of undeveloped waterfront land with an area of 5.2 km (56

million square feet, or 2 square miles).[15]It was originally planned to cover 23 km (8.9 square miles) and cost SR100

billion.[16]The area is located roughly 20 km (12 mi) north of the port city of Jeddah. Kingdom City was designed byHOK

Architects,

[17]

and it is estimated that it will cost at least US$20 billion (SR75 billion) and take around 10 years to build.

[8]

Itwill essentially become a new district of Jeddah.[18]The second phase of the project will be all theinfrastructuredevelopment

needed to support the city, and the third phase has not yet been disclosed.[19]The focal point of the development, Kingdom

Tower's primary purpose will be to house aFour Seasons hotel,Four Seasonsserviced apartments,Class A office space,

and luxury condominiums; it will also have the worlds highest observatory.[20]Although the Kingdom City plot is nearly

isolated from the current urban core of Jeddah, northward is generally considered the direction in which the fast growing city

will spread in the future. Regardless of this, no land tracts of such size were available closer to the city, anyway.[19]
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ikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-chicagotribuneaugust2-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-chicagotribuneaugust2-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-chicagotribuneaugust2-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-telegraphaugust11-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-telegraphaugust11-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-telegraphaugust11-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-dailymailoctober2008-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-dailymailoctober2008-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-dailymailoctober2008-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOK_Architectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOK_Architectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOK_Architectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-globestaugust11-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-globestaugust11-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-globestaugust11-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-truthdiveaugust6-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-truthdiveaugust6-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-truthdiveaugust6-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-metroaugust11-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-metroaugust11-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-metroaugust11-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-constructionweekaugust13crown-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-constructionweekaugust13crown-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-constructionweekaugust13crown-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotels_and_Resortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotels_and_Resortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotels_and_Resortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviced_apartmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviced_apartmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviced_apartmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-dezeen_august_2-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-dezeen_august_2-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-dezeen_august_2-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-constructionweekaugust13crown-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-constructionweekaugust13crown-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-constructionweekaugust13crown-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-constructionweekaugust13crown-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-dezeen_august_2-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviced_apartmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotels_and_Resortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-constructionweekaugust13crown-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-metroaugust11-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-truthdiveaugust6-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-globestaugust11-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOK_Architectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOK_Architectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-dailymailoctober2008-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-telegraphaugust11-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-chicagotribuneaugust2-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj_Khalifahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_the_worldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-miamiheraldaugust7-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#endnote_note01bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#endnote_note01bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#Impacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-businesswireaugust5-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-businesswireaugust5-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Holding_Companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-alarabiya1-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Waleed_bin_Talalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Smith_(architect)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#Designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_the_worldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_City_(Jeddah)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-truthdiveaugust6-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_riyalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Tower#cite_note-sydherald-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_riyalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeddahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyscraperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_languagehttp: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The tower is being designed primarily byChicago-based architectAdrian SmithofAdrian Smith + Gordon Gill

Architecture(AS + GG),[14]the same architect who designed theBurj Khalifawhile he was working for Skidmore, Owings &

Merill (SOM),[21]for which he worked almost 40 years.[22]AS + GG was formed in 2006 by Adrian Smith, Gordon Gill, and

Robert Forest.[23]The development of the tower is being managed by Emaar PropertiesPJSC.[24]Thornton Tomasettihas

been selected as the structural engineering firm,[25]andEnvironmental Systems Design, Inc.(ESD)[26]is a part of the AS +

GG design team that serves as the building services engineering consultants.[27]

On 2 August 2011, it was publicly announced by Kingdom Holding, the investment company, that a contract had been

signed bySaudi Binladin Group(SBG), construction was going to start soon, and that the tower was expected to take

63 months (5 years, 3 months) to complete.[28]BesixGroup (Belgian Six Construct), which constructed the Burj Khalifa, was

previously considered for the contract, but did not win, partially because SBG invested in Jeddah Economic Company

(JEC),[29]contributing SR1.5 billion (US$400 million) towards the development of the project,[30]and holding a 16.6 percent

stake in Jeddah Economic Company.[31]Besix admitted in 2010 that they expected Binladin Group to win the

contract.[32]Jeddah Economic Company is aclosed joint stock company(PJSC) formed in 2009 as a f inancial entity for

Kingdom Tower and City. It is made up primarily of financiers (stakeholders) Kingdom Holding Company (33.35%), Abrar

Holding Company (33.35%), which is owned by Samaual Bakhsh, and businessman Abdulrahman Hassan Sharbatly

(16.67%), as well as the tower's own contractor, Saudi Binladin Group (16.63%).[33]JEC's assets have a book value of

nearly SR9 billion, broken down between aland bankof over 5,300,000 m2(57,048,725 sq ft) (the Kingdom City plot) with a

value of SR7.3 billion that will be used ascollateralto attain bank loans, and SR1.5 billion in cash.[19]Kingdom Holding is

aninvestment companyfounded in 19

saudi tallest buildings

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