saving carbon, energy and money. heepi higher education environmental performance improvement () -...
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HEEPI • Higher Education Environmental Performance
Improvement (www.heepi.org.uk)- Green Gown Awards- 70+ events with 6000+ attendees- Benchmarking- Case studies, guidance and tools
• SusteIT• Sustainable laboratories (www.labs21.org.uk) • BREEAM Higher Education
SUSTEIT OUTPUTS• Strategic review
• Technical papers- data centres; desktop; printing
• Case studies
• Open source Excel tools- energy and carbon footprinting- thin client
• Event presentations
14%
18%
47%
8%
2%
10% 1%
HPC
Servers
PCs
Networks
Telephony
Imaging
AV
UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD – ICT ENERGY BREAKDOWN
Analysis by Chris Cartledge, 2008
Non-residential ICT:18% electricity15% carbon
FOOTPRINTING RESULTS (kWh)University of Sheffield
University of Sheffield (ex HPC)
Lowestoft College
Total Electricity
8,680,806 (100%) 7,472,188 (100%) 453,714 (100%)
PCs & monitors
4,164,477 (48%) 4,164,477 (56%) 197,402 (44%)
Servers 1,520,736 (18%) 1,520,736 (20%) 135,999 (30%)
HPC 1,208,617 (14%) 0 0
Imaging 835,659 (10%) 835,659 (11%) 42,171 (9%)
Networks 687,362 (8%) 687,362 (9%) 68,538 (15%)
AV/Telephony 3% 4% 3%
HE HAS A LARGE FOOTPRINT
• 760,000 PCs• 215,000 servers• 147,000 networked printers• 512,000 Mwh of electricity• 275,000 tonnes of CO2
• Over £60 million in 2009- £1 million at Sheffield
• Reaches many students
WHY GREEN ICT? - ENERGY COSTS OF PCs
• High energy, high-usage PC with no power management could cost £61 per year in electricity (505 kWh/y @ 12p/kWh)
• Low energy, low-usage PC with power management could cost £3 per year (25 kWh/y @12p/kWh)
Whole life costing essential
QUEEN MARGARET UNIVERSITY
• Wanted greenest building in UK
• PCs main barrier
• 98% thin client
• 25-30% space savings
Equipment/Systems
Buildings
Campus
Organisation
Building Certificates– DEC; EPC
Emission Trading Scheme
Inspection- Cooling
Codes of Conduct - Data Centres
BREEAM Higher Education
Environmental Management Systems- EcoCampus- 14001
HE Funding Body Requirements- BREAM;- Carbon- EMS
Universities That Count
Renewable & Low Carbon Requirements
Green League Table
Procurement- Quick Wins
Climate ChangeAct
Holistic – all impacts
Key
Energy & Carbon only
Current
Future
Inter-linked
U&C Climate Commitment for Scotland
Carbon Trust- HE CMP- Standard
Carbon Reduction Commitment
Building Regulations
THE CASE FOR CHANGE
• Sticks- Regulations- Energy and other costs- Stakeholder requirements
• Carrots- Financial and operational benefits- Teaching and research
UC SAN DIEGO
• Greenlight- $2.5 million- computing resource- testbed- monitor relationshipof computing tasksand load
KEY LIFE CYCLE QUESTIONS• What balance of impacts across the life
cycle?
• Can we ever get a complete picture?- HP 1.5 million tonnes CO2 eq direct- 4.5 million tonnes from Tier 1 suppliers
• How can we influence upstream impacts?
LIFETIME IMPACTS• Energy (Carbon)
• Production:use energy - Williams/UN University 4:1- EU Commission study 1:4- SusteIT 1:1 as a working assumption
• Overall impacts are mainly use- energy; water; land take; chemicals;
PROCUREMENT• Quick Wins
- EU Energy Using Products Directive
• National Agreements
• Energy Star 5
• EPEAT
Server Load/ComputingOperations
Cooling Equipment
Power Conversion & Distribution
AlternativeEnergy Supply
High voltage distributionUse of DC powerHighly efficient UPS systemsEfficient redundancy strategies
Power efficiency & management
Load managementConsolidation/Virtualisation
Better air managementFree/efficient coolingEfficient liquid coolingFlexibility and control
On-site renewablesWaste heat for cooling‘Data centre as battery’Fuel cellsThermal storage
DATA CENTRE ENERGY EFFICIENCYAdapted from US EPA original
CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
• Low power servers
• Chilled water cooling
• Efficient layout
• Efficient UPS
• 30% support overhead
UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH
• High End Computing Terascale Resources- 60 Crays- 18-38 kW heat per rack
• 72% free cooling hours- £235,303 savings in 2008
• VSD - £128,650 savings pa
• Cooling overhead 16-31%
ICT BENEFITS – SMART 2020• Environmental
- Cut global CO2 emissions in 2020 by 15%, with $946 billion of cost savings- 5:1 es of CO2 emissions through applications for every tonne created by production, use & disposal of equipment
• Social- e.g. access; overcoming disability
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AVE MARIA UNIVERSITY
IntrusionDetection
Fire AlarmSystemPower System
ElevatorMgmt.
LightingControls
HVACControl
EvacuationManagement
SecurityUsers
BuildingMaintenance Users
Access Control(security system)
CampusSecurity