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Thank you for participating in SowBridge 2010.

To start this presentation, advance one slide by pressing enter or the down or right arrow key.

For additional PRRSV information, you’re welcome to contact Locke Karriker at Iowa State University. Locke Karriker 2227 Lloyd Vet Med Center Ames, IA 50011-1250 Ph. 515-294-2283 E-mail: karriker@iastate.edu

Breeding Herd Education Series 2010

Timely, relevant & convenient learning

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Assessing Biosecurity Risks for PRRS virus

SowBridge Breeding Herd Education Series October 6, 2010

Dr. Derald Holtkamp, Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine

Email: holtkamp@iastate.edu Phone: 515-294-9611

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What I hope you take from this presentation

• Motivation to assess the biosecurity risks in your operation(s)

• Introduction to a tool that you may find helpful for assessing your biosecurity risks

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The big picture

•  The pork industry is an increasingly high risk industry – disease is a major source of that risk

–  Difficult to control diseases that are endemic to the U.S. like PRRSV

–  Diseases with human health implications like A/H1N1 –  Emerging diseases like PCV2 –  Foreign animal diseases like FMD

•  Waiting until an incident or problem occurs and then scrambling to contain it is NOT a strategy that will lead to the long-term survival and global competitiveness of our industry

•  We need to be able to minimize the risk of introduction and transmission of the pathogens that cause these diseases

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The big picture •  We must get better at managing biosecurity

–  Need to measure it first

–  Need to better understand what really matters •  Location matters! But what else?

–  Need to do a better job making decisions that have major implications for biosecurity risks

•  Movements and placement of growing pigs •  Locating boar studs, multiplication, isolation facilities, etc.

–  Need to be more confident that when we eliminate a pathogen (eg. PRRSV) from a site or place negative pigs we can keep the pathogen out

We need to be more in control of our own fate when it comes to hard to control endemic diseases, emerging diseases, FAD’s and pathogens with human health implications like A/H1N1

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The smaller picture •  Essential component of successful PRRSV elimination /

eradication at the herd, regional, national and continental level

–  Innovation of herd closure and rollover strategies has provided a major advantage on the battlefield

–  The inability to keep herds negative is stopping us from exploiting that advantage

•  The AASV Production Animal Disease Risk Assessment Program (PADRAP) is a standardized method of capturing and quantifying information about biosecurity practices that is essential for learning how to keep herds negative

•  Also important for learning how to prevent positive herds from breaking over and over

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The smaller picture

•  Eradication is the only clear road I can see for dealing with PRRS

–  Keeping the virus out of herds and minimizing / eliminating lateral transmission between growing pig / breeding herd sites is the major remaining barrier

1.  Biosecurity 2.  Biosecurity 3.  Biosecurity

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What can you do to assess the biosecurity risks in your operation(s) to prevent them from breaking over and over or to keep them negative (if you are fortunate enough to

already be there)?

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www.padrap.org

What can you do to assess your biosecurity risks?

The American Association of Swine Veterinarian’s (AASV) Production Animal Disease Risk Assessment Program (PADARAP)

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Hierarchy of risk factors in PADRAP

“Bio-exclusion” “Bio-management”

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Hierarchy of External Risk Factors in PADRAP (Bio-exclusion) Organization Level

1 2 3 4 External Risks Pig Related Live Animals Entry of replacement animals into the breeding herd Animal Components Entry of semen into the breeding herd Non-pig Related Operations Transportation of live animals Transportation of feed Employee and service vehicles Disposal of dead animals and waste management Employees and visitors Entry of supplies Facilities Biovectors Location / Proximity Density of pig farms in the area Neighboring pig farms Distance to pork industry infrastructure Topography and forestation of surrounding area

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Hierarchy of Internal Risk Factors in PADRAP

(Bio-management) Organization Level 1 2 3 4

Internal Risks Circulation Risks Herd and Site Characteristics Characteristics of the herd Characteristics of the site PRRSV Status Current and historical PRRSV status of the site Diagnostic monitoring practices Management Management practices Biovectors inside buildings Condition of breeding females Flow of animals Facility condition Internal Co-factors Other Disease Challenges Presence of other pathogens and exposure to toxins Immune Management Managed Exposure Natural exposure of replacement animals by contact or feedback Controlled exposure by blood or serum injection of replacement animals Killed PRRSV vaccine use in the breeding herd Modified live PRRSV vaccine use in the breeding herd

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History of Development •  Fall-2002: Design and development of the PRRS Risk Assessment for

the Breeding Herd was done at Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc. (BIVI) – work began in fall of 2002

•  March 2005: BIVI offered to gift the tool to the American Association of Swine Veterinarians (AASV)

•  March 2006: AASV, with support from National Pork Board (NPB) and USDA accepted the gift

•  September 2006: Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Supply Veterinary Medicine entered into an agreement with AASV to establish the Production Animal Disease Risk Assessment Program (PADRAP) to develop, manage and promote disease risk assessment tools and databases of completed risk assessments held by AASV

•  November 2007: Launch of web version – “PADRAP-Online”

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Present • Collaborative effort

–  AASV –  NPB providing financial support –  USDA, APHIS providing financial support –  ISU providing program coordination –  Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica providing in-kind support –  PRRS-CAP (CREES, NC-229)

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How to Start Using the Risk Assessment Tool

• Producers should contact their veterinarian(s) –  To insure the validity and quality of the data

collected with the assessments only trained veterinarians are being given access to the tool

• Veterinarians may attend an AASV hosted training session

–  Contact Tom Burkgren at AASV to let him know your interest

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PRRS Regional Control Project

in Iowa County, Iowa

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Can the Golden Rule be applied to PRRS virus?

•  Because area spread is such a prominent characteristic of the PRRS virus – What you do affects your neighbor and what your neighbor does affects you!

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Project Area - Iowa County

Selected area 36 Production sites •  18 finishers (900-4000)

•  2 nursery (1200-2000)

•  10 farrow-finish (20-350 sows)

•  3 breed-wean (320-2400 sows)

•  3 vacant pig sites

•  West and north of Highway 151 to Highway 6 to Highway 149 as it bisects the county

•  All sites with commercial pigs

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Working Group Members

• Iowa Pork Producers Association • Iowa State University • ISU Diagnostic Lab • Funding

• Iowa Pork Producers Association • PIC • PRRS CAP

• Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc.

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Objectives

•  To demonstrate and develop steps needed to implement a regional PRRS control program

•  Study the impact of PRRS virus movement within a prescribed area over time

•  Study the impact of pig movement on the PRRS virus into and within the study area

•  Reduce the prevalence of the PRRS virus within the selected area

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Challenges

• Pig dense area with weaned and feeder pigs moving into/out of the area

–  Significant influx of non-Iowa, non-locally produced growing pigs

• Producer recruitment –  Hold Harmless Agreement –  Confidentiality –  Attendance at meetings

• Funding

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Other PRRS virus regional •  Projects are predominantly driven by producers and

veterinarians in the project areas •  Others

–  Universities •  Iowa State University •  University of Minnesota •  University of Pennsylvania •  University of Nebraska •  Michigan State University

–  Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica (BIVI)

•  Funding sources –  IPPA (other state associations?) –  USDA PRRS CAP –  BIVI –  PIC –  Other industry partners –  NPB? – not yet

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Early efforts

• Regional eradication projects – early projects

– Stephens County Minnesota project – Sonora, Mexico – Quebec, Canada

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Train is getting more crowded

• Regional eradication projects - newbies

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•  Northwest Indiana •  Western Michigan •  Western Illinois •  Pennsylvania •  Ontario, Canada •  North Central Illinois •  Minnesota •  Cumins County, Nebraska •  Carson, Colorado •  Iowa County, Iowa

10 Participating Areas

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• Enroll producers by obtaining production information for each site

•  Initial PRRS testing of each site –  By serum (PCR and ELISA)

• Complete PADRAP for each site • Routing testing of sites

–  by serum and oral fluids

• Sample sites with active PRRS infections to determine presence of virus and characterize

Methods

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• Each site will designate their own vet • Vets responsible for

–  Developing herd plan with producers –  Conduct PADRAP analyses –  Routine sampling of sites

Herd Veterinarian

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Learn more about the regional projects

• http://www.swinecast.com/2010-boehringer-ingelheim-change-the-game-seminar