scaffolding undergraduate design education with the wellbeing framework lindsey nelson june 2012
TRANSCRIPT
How do engineers approach alleviating poverty?Why do engineering students need better scaffolding when designing for poverty alleviation?
gap approach
How do engineers approach alleviating poverty?Why do engineering students need better scaffolding when designing for poverty alleviation?What are wellbeing frameworks?
framework gap approach
How do engineers approach alleviating poverty?Why do engineering students need better scaffolding when designing for poverty alleviation?What are wellbeing frameworks?How could engineering design educators use wellbeing frameworks provide better scaffolding?
application framework gapapproach
4 approaches to poverty alleviation
• Income-first• Needs-first• Rights-first• Local-first
application framework gapapproach
4 approaches to poverty alleviation
• Income-first• Needs-first• Rights-first• Local-first
application framework gapapproach
Assumes a definition of poverty
A General Engineering Approach
application framework gapapproach
Initial Problem
Achieved Goal
Technology
Problem
It is unclear how technology connects with the goal of “alleviating poverty.”
application framework gapapproach
Problem
It is unclear how technology connects with the goal of “alleviating poverty.”
application framework gapapproach
Initial State
Poverty Alleviation
Technology
Designing for Poverty Alleviation
The Other 90 Design, Inc (TO9D), is a not-for-profit multinational corporation that has as its mission to develop products that will benefit the 90% of people on Earth who are poor by helping them out of ‘absolute poverty,’ which was defined by the World Bank in 1990 as the earning of equivalent income of $2 a day or less. TO9D attempts to accomplish this goal through focusing development efforts on products that either allow people to earn their way out of poverty or allow people to spend less time, money, and/or effort on the necessities of life.
Specifications: The proposal must identify a real-world poverty situation in a specific nation where at least 40% of the population earns less than $2 a day.
application framework gapapproach
Reid and Estell (2011)
The Use of Multiple Definitions
The Other 90 Design, Inc (TO9D), is a not-for-profit multinational corporation that has as its mission to develop products that will benefit the 90% of people on Earth who are poor by helping them out of ‘absolute poverty,’ which was defined by the World Bank in 1990 as the earning of equivalent income of $2 a day or less. TO9D attempts to accomplish this goal through focusing development efforts on products that either allow people to earn their way out of poverty or allow people to spend less time, money, and/or effort on the necessities of life.
Specifications: The proposal must identify a real-world poverty situation in a specific nation where at least 40% of the population earns less than $2 a day.
application framework gapapproach
Reid and Estell (2011)
The Use of Multiple Definitions
The Other 90 Design, Inc (TO9D), is a not-for-profit multinational corporation that has as its mission to develop products that will benefit the 90% of people on Earth who are poor by helping them out of ‘absolute poverty,’ which was defined by the World Bank in 1990 as the earning of equivalent income of $2 a day or less. TO9D attempts to accomplish this goal through focusing development efforts on products that either allow people to earn their way out of poverty or allow people to spend less time, money, and/or effort on the necessities of life.
Specifications: The proposal must identify a real-world poverty situation in a specific nation where at least 40% of the population earns less than $2 a day.
application framework gapapproach
Reid and Estell (2011)
The Use of Multiple Definitions
The Other 90 Design, Inc (TO9D), is a not-for-profit multinational corporation that has as its mission to develop products that will benefit the 90% of people on Earth who are poor by helping them out of ‘absolute poverty,’ which was defined by the World Bank in 1990 as the earning of equivalent income of $2 a day or less. TO9D attempts to accomplish this goal through focusing development efforts on products that either allow people to earn their way out of poverty or allow people to spend less time, money, and/or effort on the necessities of life.
Specifications: The proposal must identify a real-world poverty situation in a specific nation where at least 40% of the population earns less than $2 a day.
application framework gapapproach
Reid and Estell (2011)
The Use of Multiple Definitions
The Other 90 Design, Inc (TO9D), is a not-for-profit multinational corporation that has as its mission to develop products that will benefit the 90% of people on Earth who are poor by helping them out of ‘absolute poverty,’ which was defined by the World Bank in 1990 as the earning of equivalent income of $2 a day or less. TO9D attempts to accomplish this goal through focusing development efforts on products that either allow people to earn their way out of poverty or allow people to spend less time, money, and/or effort on the necessities of life.
Specifications: The proposal must identify a real-world poverty situation in a specific nation where at least 40% of the population earns less than $2 a day.
application framework gapapproach
Reid and Estell (2011)
The Use of Multiple Definitions
The Other 90 Design, Inc (TO9D), is a not-for-profit multinational corporation that has as its mission to develop products that will benefit the 90% of people on Earth who are poor by helping them out of ‘absolute poverty,’ which was defined by the World Bank in 1990 as the earning of equivalent income of $2 a day or less. TO9D attempts to accomplish this goal through focusing development efforts on products that either allow people to earn their way out of poverty or allow people to spend less time, money, and/or effort on the necessities of life.
Specifications: The proposal must identify a real-world poverty situation in a specific nation where at least 40% of the population earns less than $2 a day.
application framework gapapproach
Reid and Estell (2011)
One Possible Solution
Defining poverty in align with engineering activities
application framework gapapproach
One Possible Solution
Defining poverty in align with engineering activities
Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes.
application framework gapapproach
One Possible Solution
Defining poverty in align with engineering activities
Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes.
application framework gapapproach
Defining Wellbeing
Materialsufficiency
Bodilyhealth
SocialconnectednessSecurity
Freedom to make choices around action
Narayan et al (2001)
application framework gapapproach
The Wellbeing Framework:
Personal Goals and Values
Reality and Perception of Available Resources
and Capabilities
application framework gapapproach
Copestake (2008)
The Wellbeing Framework:
Personal Goals and Values
Reality and Perception of Available Resources
and Capabilities
Wider Context
application framework gapapproach
Copestake (2008)
The Wellbeing Framework:
Personal Goals and Values
Reality and Perception of Available Resources
and CapabilitiesSubjective Wellbeing and
Motivation
Wider Context
application framework gapapproach
Copestake (2008)
The Wellbeing Framework:
Personal Goals and Values
Reality and Perception of Available Resources
and CapabilitiesSubjective Wellbeing and
Motivation
Actions and Interactions leading to
Wider Context
application framework gapapproach
Copestake (2008)
The Wellbeing Framework:
Personal Goals and Values
Reality and Perception of Available Resources
and CapabilitiesSubjective Wellbeing and
Motivation
Actions and Interactions leading to
Outcomes(material, social, cultural, cognitive, affective)
Wider Context
application framework gapapproach
Copestake (2008)
The Wellbeing Framework:
Personal Goals and Values
Reality and Perception of Available Resources
and CapabilitiesSubjective Wellbeing and
Motivation
Actions and Interactions leading to
Outcomes(material, social, cultural, cognitive, affective)
Wider Context
application framework gapapproach
Copestake (2008)
The Wellbeing Framework:
application framework gapapproach
McGregor (2007)
THE SOCIAL HUMAN
Wellbeing outcomes
*Resources commanded or lost
*Needs met or denied
*Quality of Life
The Wellbeing Framework:
application framework gapapproach
McGregor (2007)
THE SOCIAL HUMAN
Wellbeing outcomes
*Resources commanded or lost
*Needs met or denied
*Quality of Life
Global communityNation StateCommunityHousehold
The Wellbeing Framework:
application framework gapapproach
McGregor (2007)
THE SOCIAL HUMAN
Wellbeing outcomes
*Resources commanded or lost
*Needs met or denied
*Quality of Life
Global communityNation StateCommunityHousehold
Relationships with Others
Relationships with Others
The Wellbeing Framework:
application framework gapapproach
McGregor (2007)
THE SOCIAL HUMAN
Wellbeing outcomes
*Resources commanded or lost
*Needs met or denied
*Quality of Life
Global communityNation StateCommunityHousehold
Relationships with Others
Wellbeing Processes
Relationships with Others
Wellbeing Processes
The Wellbeing Framework:
application framework gapapproach
McGregor (2007)
TIME
THE SOCIAL HUMAN
Wellbeing outcomes
*Resources commanded or lost
*Needs met or denied
*Quality of Life
Global communityNation StateCommunityHousehold
Relationships with Others
Wellbeing Processes
Relationships with Others
Wellbeing Processes
The Wellbeing Framework:
application framework gapapproach
McGregor (2007)
TIME
THE SOCIAL HUMAN
Wellbeing outcomes
*Resources commanded or lost
*Needs met or denied
*Quality of Life
Global communityNation StateCommunityHousehold
Relationships with Others
Wellbeing Processes
Relationships with Others
Wellbeing Processes
Involving the interplay over time of goals formulated, resources deployed, goals and needs met, and the degree of satisfaction in their achievement
Using the Wellbeing Framework
application framework gapapproach
Initial State of Ill-being
Wellbeing
Using the Wellbeing Framework
application framework gapapproach
Initial State
Wellbeing
Wellbeing Processes
Using the Wellbeing Framework
Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes
application framework gapapproach
Using the Wellbeing Framework
Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes
What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?
application framework gapapproach
Using the Wellbeing Framework
Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes
What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?What are the capabilities of your engineering students?
application framework gapapproach
Using the Wellbeing Framework
Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes
What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?What are the capabilities of your engineering students?Where do you have relationships with others?
application framework gapapproach
Using the Wellbeing Framework
Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes
What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?What are the capabilities of your engineering students?Where do you have relationships with others?What wellbeing outcomes are they trying to achieve?
application framework gapapproach
Using the Wellbeing Framework
Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes
What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?What are the capabilities of your engineering students?Where do you have relationships with others?What wellbeing outcomes are they trying to achieve?Do the outcomes match?
application framework gapapproach
9 Principles of Partnering with People Living in Poverty
• Ask them.• Be nice to people.• Don’t rush.• Embrace error.• Facilitate.• Hand over the stick.• Have fun.• Relax.• Have confidence that people are capable.
Chambers (1997)
application framework gapapproach
Scaffolding Undergraduate Design Education with the Wellbeing Frameworks
Lindsey Nelson
Measuring poverty
• International consensus shifting• Early definitions focused on consumption poverty
Measuring poverty
• International consensus shifting• Early definitions focused on consumption poverty• Income-based poverty headcount
Measuring poverty
• International consensus shifting• Early definitions focused on consumption poverty• Income-based poverty headcount• Human Development Index tracks
• Health: Life expectancy at birth• Education: Mean years and expected years of schooling• Living Standards: GNP per capita
Measuring poverty
• International consensus shifting• Early definitions focused on consumption poverty• Income-based poverty headcount• Human Development Index tracks
• Health: Life expectancy at birth• Education: Mean years and expected years of schooling• Living Standards: GNP per capita
• Multidimensional Poverty Index tracks household level data with ten indicators